（月考培优卷）Unit 1-Unit 2 阶段核心素养培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）（含答案解析）
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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）Unit 1-Unit 2
阶段核心素养培优卷
本试卷共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Do you have lots of friends What do you 1 friends and friendship Are they very important to you Some of the friends may have different ideas and 2 , and some like doing the same 3 as you. Do you like friends different from 4 the same 5 you You may like the friends 6 the same interests as you. But I don’t really care.
I have two good friends, Peter and James. Peter is 7 me. I am a quiet boy, and Peter is 8 quiet. We 9 enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet. On weekends, we often go to the library or 10 games on the computer together. But James is very different from us. He likes playing ball games, and he is 11 than us. He is 12 more outgoing and often makes 13 laugh.
You see, friends are not 14 to be the same. Do you agree 15 me
1．A．talk about B．think of C．thank for D．look at
2．A．interest B．interests C．interesting D．interested
3．A．interests B．ideas C．things D．habits
4．A．or B．and C．until D．but
5．A．for B．to C．as D．with
6．A．have B．with C．show D．are
7．A．like B．as C．for D．with
8．A．too B．also C．either D．and
9．A．all B．each C．both D．some
10．A．see B．work C．read D．play
11．A．healthy B．more healthy C．healthier D．healthiest
12．A．pretty B．very C．much D．little
13．A．him B．her C．us D．them
14．A．important B．necessary C．difficult D．different
15．A．about B．on C．with D．for
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
I knew how to communicate with people around me, but I found there were many more things I needed to learn. I realised this when I was taking a pottery (陶艺) class.
In class, as the teacher asked us to shape the clay (黏土) into a flower, I happily started to do it. Soon I noticed that my classmate Adam was still playing with his clay. “Hey, we are expected to make a flower now,” I said. He looked at me and then stayed silent. I worried he wouldn’t have enough time to finish his work, so I made another flower. “Here,” I said. “You can use this if you want to catch up.” “Do you always tell everyone what to do ” he shouted. My face turned red.
In the next class, I noticed he was making a tiger. He saw me looking at him and he glared at me. “Are you planning to tell me how to do this, too ” I didn’t know what to say. I was trying to be friendly, not impolite (不礼貌的), but Adam misunderstood me. I was sad and almost cried. Luckily, the class ended soon.
Later, I knew what Adam had experienced. I felt sorry for what I had done. We should give others enough space when getting along with them.
16．What did the writer realise according to Paragraph 1
A．It’s important to communicate with people.
B．It’s important to take a pottery class.
C．He needs to learn more classes.
D．He needs to learn more about communication.
17．What did the teacher ask the students to do
A．To make a clay flower. B．To make a clay tiger.
C．To play with the clay. D．To take a pottery class.
18．The underlined phrase “glared at” probably means “________”.
A．spoke to somebody kindly B．looked at somebody angrily
C．said something in surprise D．showed a smile to somebody
19．Which of the following shows how the writer’s feelings changed
A．Happy→worried→sad→sorry. B．Happy→nervous→angry→sad.
C．Sad→happy→upset→excited. D．Nervous→surprised→happy→thankful.
20．What is the best title for the passage
A．Show Others Enough Care B．Help Others in Need
C．Understand Others’ Mistakes D．Give Others Enough Space
B
In life, each of us is on a journey to discover who we truly are. It’s a long journey that starts when we’re young and keeps going as we grow.
For middle school students, this journey has just begun. As for me, it started when I first joined the school art club. When I painted, I realised I loved using colours to express my feelings, and this discovery surprised me. From then on, I began to pay attention to understanding myself.
Firstly, understanding our likes and dislikes can help us find the right goals. It’s like a map that guides us. For example, when faced with different choices, if we know our own preferences (偏爱), the choices we make will be different. And every choice we make brings us one step closer to achieving our goals.
Secondly, understanding ourselves helps us get along better with others. If we know our own strengths and weaknesses (优缺点), we can work better as a team. For example, if I know I’m good at listening, I can help my classmates who need to talk about their problems.
In short, the journey of discovering ourselves is long and full of surprises. It helps us grow into our best selves and live a happy, meaningful life. So, let’s keep exploring and enjoying this journey. I’m sure you’ll find some surprises.
21．What made the writer start to understand himself
A．Taking photos. B．Travelling around. C．Painting pictures. D．Talking with others.
22．What can understanding our likes or dislikes help us do
A．Know our goals. B．Satisfy ourselves. C．Make true friends. D．Express ourselves.
23．How many good points of understanding ourselves are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
24．What does the writer think of the process of understanding ourselves
A．Difficult but interesting. B．Long and surprising.
C．Dangerous but important. D．Magical and meaningful.
25．What is the structure of this passage (①=Paragraph 1, ...)
A．①-②③④-⑤ B．①-②③④⑤ C．①②③④-⑤ D．①-②-③④-⑤
C
When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors, because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbors. But what kind of neighbor is good The answers are different from person to person. Here are my answers.
First, it is very important to respect (尊重) each other. If our neighbors try to know more about our life, how will we feel He or she may also talk with others about our life. Do you want to live with him or her any more The answer is “No”. We will feel very annoyed to have this kind of neighbor and move away quickly.
Next, a good neighbor is always ready to give us a hand when we need him or her. For example, if we are not at home, our good neighbors will watch our house for us.
Finally, a good neighbor should love the environment. He or she never puts rubbish (垃圾) here and there, because a good environment can make us comfortable and happy.
I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life.
26．Why do we want to have nice neighbors
A．Because they can share food with us.
B．Because it is helpful to live with good neighbors.
C．Because they can make us feel nervous.
D．Because they can make our life rich.
27．What does the underlined word “annoyed” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Angry. B．Lucky. C．Excited. D．Glad.
28．How will you feel if you live in a good environment
A．Tired and sick. B．Strong and bored. C．Cold and free. D．Comfortable and happy.
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Good neighbors talk with others about our life.
B．Good neighbors never watch your house when you are out.
C．People should learn to be good neighbors.
D．Good neighbors put rubbish everywhere.
30．What’s the structure of the passage (Paragraph 1=①,…)
A． B． C． D．
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）
Ways to Improve Family Relationships
A good family relationship makes our home a happier place. Here are some ways to help us get along better with our family members. 31 Communication is important. We should talk to our family members every day. For example, share our school experiences, like a funny thing a classmate did or a good grade we got. Listen carefully when others speak. Don’t interrupt them. This shows we respect their ideas.
32 Doing things together makes us closer. On weekends, we can watch a favorite movie. Then, talk about the story and the characters in it. A picnic in the park is fun too. We can enjoy nature and play games.
33 Everyone in the family has different opinions. We should value them. Even if we disagree with our parents, we can tell them our thoughts in a polite way. At the same time, we should value their decisions.
34 Sharing chores makes everyone feel responsible. We can clean our rooms, wash the dishes, or sweep the floor. Working together helps us understand each other’s efforts.
35 We all make mistakes. When someone in the family does something wrong, forgive them. At the same time, if we make a mistake, we should say sorry sincerely. By following these ways, we can have a closer and happier family.
A．Spend time together.
B．Give and receive forgiveness (原谅).
C．Do chores together.
D．Communicate openly.
E．Value each other.
F．Express love more often.
三、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．Chinese is one of the most (use) languages in the world now.
37．Why not make a card by yourself Your grandma will (certain) love it.
38．Good communication skills often (lead) to better relationships among people.
39．This speech has helped Li Ming (build) good values in making friends.
40．The speech mainly conveys the (message) about the importance of friends.
41．There are some cultural (差异) in eating habits between the East and the West.
42．You look better in (明亮的) colors like orange and red.
43．My cousin (放弃) the chance of working abroad and returned to his hometown.
44．To our surprise, Alice succeeded in finishing the project in (不到/少于) three days.
45．You can have a better (理解) of Chinese culture by learning about Chinese clay art.
四、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．然而，苏克服了他的恐惧，成了一名体育英雄。
However, Su and became a sporting hero.
47．每个人都有一些特别和不同的东西——这就是有趣的地方。
Everyone has and — that is what’s interesting.
48．你最好每天至少花费几分钟和你的朋友们交流。
You’d better spend a few minutes each day communicating with your friends.
49．在给出你的意见之前，你应该先倾听一会儿别人的想法。
You should listen to others before giving your opinions.
50．这一举动深深地感动了吴家。作为回报，他们决定做同样的事情。
This act the Wu family. In return, they the same thing.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次)
hole never gate compare opinion long double help relationship need
Dear students, Today I want to talk about the relationship between our good friends and us. Having good friends makes our lives happier. But how can we build strong and 51 friendships Here are some helpful tips. First, be honest and kind. A true friend 52 lies to or hurts (伤害) others. For example, if your friends make a mistake, talk to them nicely instead of laughing at them. Small acts of kindness are important. Sharing snacks or 53 with homework can show you care. These small things can also make you get 54 happiness. Next, respect (尊重) your friends. If your friends have different 55 , listen to their ideas or find the right way to talk to them. Don’t argue with them. Fights can create cracks (裂痕) in the 56 between you and your friends. Just like some 57 in our clothes, the cracks are really hard to fix. Lastly, don’t 58 your friends with others. Everyone is special in their own way. Whether your friends are quiet or naughty (淘气的), what matters is their kindness. A lasting friendship is like a garden—it 59 care to grow. If you follow these tips, you’ll find the 60 to lasting friendships is wide open! That’s all I want to share. Thank you for listening! Zhang Yue
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给词汇的正确形式
Dear Sue,
There is a problem between my good friend and me. We 61 (be) friends for five years. But ever since last Friday, she 62 (not invite) me to go with her. I considered all the things that made her have 63 headache about staying with me, but I 64 (not find) out the reason yet. We never fought or even quarreled with each other. I tried to communicate with her, but she 65 (refuse) to answer. My heart is broken and I’m 66 (expect) you to help me.
—Lost Girl
Dear Lost Girl,
Many people have had this 67 (experience). Sometimes it’s pretty hard to tell what’s wrong in a friendship. Try writing to your friend 68 you can ask another friend for help. If possible, buy her a bunch of flowers to comfort her. If none of these things works, just leave your friend alone. She may need some time to cool down and think about the situation herself.
Both of you can move on and find new friends. But even if you’re not friends anymore, you should still be friendly. Say hi to her when you 69 (pass) her at school but don’t see her as a 70 (strange). Maybe one day she will realize what a good friend you are.
—Sue
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
Farmer John and Farmer Bob were neighbours. For more than 30 years, they had been getting along very well.
Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. One morning John woke up to find a stream between the two farms. “It must be Bob,” John thought.
Then one day there was a knock on John’s door. He opened it to find a carpenter (木匠).
“I’m looking for a few days’ work,” the carpenter said.
“I do have a job for you,” John said. “Look across the stream at that farm. That’s my neighbour Bob. He dug a stream between the two farms. I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour.”
The carpenter said, “I think I know what to do, sir, and I can do a job to your satisfaction.”
Farmer John helped the carpenter get the materials ready and then he was off.
About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The farmer’s eyes opened wide. There was no fence at all!
It was a bridge! And the neighbour, Bob, was coming across, with his hand outstretched (伸出). “Hi, John! You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!”
Then they met in the middle, taking each other’s hands. “I’m really sorry for what I have said and done. We should be good to each other,” said Farmer Bob.
71．How did their relationship break
72．Why did Farmer John ask the carpenter to build a fence
73．What do you think of the carpenter
74．将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。
75．请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．假如你是李华，你的英国好友Paul刚转学到一个新学校，不知道如何与新同学相处。请你根据要点提示，给他写封信提出你的建议。
要点：
1. 与同学一起参加活动；
2. 邀请同学看电影；
3. 主动让同学了解你；
4. ……
要求：
1. 要包括以上所有提示信息；
2. 可适当发挥，以保证内容的完整、丰富与流畅；
3. 词数80-100。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Paul,
I’m sorry to hear that you have trouble with your new classmates. Now let me give you some advice.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope my advice will work.
Yours,
Li Hua
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．C 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对朋友和友谊的看法，并通过自己与两个性格迥异的朋友的相处经历，阐述了朋友之间不必完全相同，重要的是相互理解和尊重。
1．句意：你对朋友和友谊有什么看法？
talk about谈论；think of考虑，认为；thank for感谢；look at看。根据“What do you...friends and friendship ”可知，此处指对朋友和友谊的看法。故选B。
2．句意：有些朋友可能有不同的想法和兴趣，有些喜欢和你做同样的事情。
interest兴趣，单数形式；interests兴趣，复数形式；interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的。根据“Some of the friends may have different ideas and...”可知，此处指不同的兴趣，应用复数形式。故选B。
3．句意：有些朋友可能有不同的想法和兴趣，有些喜欢和你做同样的事情。
interests兴趣；ideas想法；things事情；habits习惯。根据“some like doing the same...as you”可知，此处指做同样的事情。故选C。
4．句意：你喜欢和你不同还是相同的朋友？
or或者；and和；until直到；but但是。根据“different from...the same...”可知，此处是选择关系，应用or连接。故选A。
5．句意：你喜欢和你不同还是相同的朋友？
for为了；to到；as像；with和。根据“the same...you”可知，此处指和你一样，应用the same as。故选C。
6．句意：你可能喜欢和你有同样兴趣的朋友。
have有；with和；show展示；are是。根据“the friends...the same interests as you”可知，此处指和你有同样兴趣的朋友，应用介词with。故选B。
7．句意：彼得像我一样。
like像；as作为；for为了；with和。根据“Peter is...me”可知，此处指彼得像我一样，应用介词like。故选A。
8．句意：我是一个安静的男孩，彼得也很安静。
too也，用于肯定句句末；also也，用于肯定句句中；either也，用于否定句句末；and和。根据“Peter is...quiet”可知，此处指彼得也很安静，且位于肯定句句中，应用also。故选B。
9．句意：我们都喜欢读书和上网。
all三者及以上都；each每一个；both两者都；some一些。根据“I am a quiet boy, and Peter is...quiet”可知，此处指“我”和彼得两个人，应用both。故选C。
10．句意：周末，我们经常去图书馆或一起在电脑上玩游戏。
see看见；work工作；read读；play玩。根据“games on the computer”可知，此处指在电脑上玩游戏，应用play。故选D。
11．句意：他喜欢打球，他比我们更健康。
healthy健康的；more healthy表述错误；healthier更健康的；healthiest最健康的。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级。故选C。
12．句意：他更外向，经常逗我们笑。
pretty相当；very非常；much非常，很；little几乎没有。根据“more outgoing”可知，此处应用much修饰比较级。故选C。
13．句意：他更外向，经常逗我们笑。
him他；her她；us我们；them他们。根据“We...enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet.”可知，此处指逗“我们”笑。故选C。
14．句意：你看，朋友不一定要一样。
important重要的；necessary必要的；difficult困难的；different不同的。根据“friends are not...to be the same”可知，此处指朋友不一定要一样。故选B。
15．句意：你同意我的看法吗？
about关于；on在……上面；with和；for为了。根据“agree...me”可知，此处是指同意“我”的看法，应用agree with。故选C。
16．D 17．A 18．B 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在陶艺课上与同学Adam的互动经历，通过这次经历作者意识到在与他人相处时需要给予对方足够的空间。
16．细节理解题。根据“I knew how to communicate with people around me, but I found there were many more things I needed to learn.”（我知道如何与周围的人交流，但我发现还有很多东西需要学习。）可知，作者意识到自己需要学习更多关于沟通的知识。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“In class, as the teacher asked us to shape the clay into a flower...”（在课堂上，老师让我们把黏土塑造成一朵花……）可知，老师要求学生制作一朵黏土花。故选A。
18．词句猜测题。根据前文，作者好意给同学Adam提供帮助，却被Adam误解，还被质问“Are you planning to tell me how to do this, too ”（你也打算告诉我该怎么做这个吗？），结合语境，此时Adam的态度应是生气的。“glared at”所在句 “He saw me looking at him and he glared at me.” 描述的是 Adam看到作者看他后的反应，结合上下文的矛盾冲突，可推测“glared at”意思是“生气地看着某人”。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“I happily started to do it.”可知，作者一开始很开心；根据“I worried he wouldn’t have enough time to finish his work, so I made another flower.”可知，随后作者感到很担心；根据“I was sad and almost cried. Luckily, the class ended soon.”可知，紧接着作者感到很伤心；根据“I felt sorry for what I had done.”可知，最后作者感到很抱歉。故选A。
20．最佳标题题。根据“We should give others enough space when getting along with them.”并结合全文可知，讲述了作者在陶艺课上因过度“关心”同学Adam，想指导对方做陶艺，却被误解，最后领悟到与人相处时应给对方足够空间的道理，选项D“给别人足够的空间”可作为最佳标题。故选D。
21．C 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了每个人都在探索真实自我的人生旅程，以作者加入学校艺术俱乐部的经历为切入点，阐述了了解自我的重要性及益处，并鼓励大家继续探索这一旅程。
21．细节理解题。根据“As for me, it started when I first joined the school art club. When I painted, I realised I loved using colours to express my feelings, and this discovery surprised me. From then on, I began to pay attention to understanding myself.”可知，作者是在画画时开始关注了解自己的。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Firstly, understanding our likes and dislikes can help us find the right goals.”可知，了解自己的喜好和厌恶有助于我们找到正确的目标，即明确目标。故选A。
23．细节理解题。通读全文，文中分别通过“Firstly, understanding our likes and dislikes can help us find the right goals.”和“Secondly, understanding ourselves helps us get along better with others.”提及了了解自我的两个好处。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“In short, the journey of discovering ourselves is long and full of surprises.”可知，作者认为了解自我的过程漫长且充满惊喜。故选B。
25．篇章结构题。文章第①段总述每个人都在探索真实自我的漫长旅程；第②段以作者自身加入艺术俱乐部、通过画画开始了解自我的经历为例，引出下文；第③段和第④段分别阐述了解自我的两个好处；第⑤段总结探索自我旅程的意义，并鼓励大家继续探索。因此结构为①-②-③④-⑤。故选D。
26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了什么样的邻居才是好邻居，并从相互尊重、乐于助人、爱护环境三个方面进行了阐述，最后作者呼吁大家都应该学会成为好邻居，并希望每个人都能有好邻居，过上幸福的生活。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors, because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbors.”可知，我们想要好邻居是因为和好邻居一起生活是有帮助的。故选B。
27．词句猜测题。根据第二段“We will feel very annoyed to have this kind of neighbor and move away quickly.”可知，拥有这样的邻居我们会感到非常“annoyed”并迅速搬走，由此可推测“annoyed”意为“生气的，恼火的”，与A选项“Angry”意思相近。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“He or she never puts rubbish (垃圾) here and there, because a good environment can make us comfortable and happy.”可知，如果生活在一个好的环境中，我们会感到舒适和快乐。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life.”可知，人们应该学会成为好邻居。故选C。
30．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题，即我们想要好邻居并探讨什么样的邻居才是好邻居；第二段到第四段分别从相互尊重、乐于助人、爱护环境三个方面进行了阐述；最后一段总结全文，呼吁大家都应该学会成为好邻居，并希望每个人都能有好邻居，过上幸福的生活。因此，文章的结构是总—分—总。故选C。
31．D 32．A 33．E 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了改善家庭关系的五种方法。
31．根据“Communication is important. We should talk to our family members... respect their ideas.”可知，本段强调日常分享和倾听。选项D“开放沟通”与之相符。故选D。
32．根据“Doing things together makes us closer. On weekends, we can watch a favorite movie. Then, talk about the story and the characters in it. A picnic in the park is fun too. We can enjoy nature and play games.”可知，本段描述了家人多进行共同活动如看电影等。选项A“一起度过时间”与之相符。故选A。
33．根据“Everyone in the family has different opinions. We should value them. Even if we disagree with our parents, we can tell them our thoughts in a polite way. At the same time, we should value their decisions.”可知，本段提到尊重不同意见和决策。选项E“重视彼此”与之相符。故选E。
34．根据“Sharing chores makes everyone feel responsible. We can clean our rooms, wash the dishes, or sweep the floor. Working together helps us understand each other’s efforts.”可知，本段提及要分担家务。选项C“一起做家务”与之相符。故选C。
35．根据“We all make mistakes. When someone in the family does something wrong, forgive them. At the same time, if we make a mistake, we should say sorry sincerely. By following these ways, we can have a closer and happier family.”可知，本段讨论原谅和道歉。选项B“给予和接受原谅”与之相符。故选B。
36．useful
【解析】句意：汉语是现在世界上最有用的语言之一。句子中“one of the most+形容词+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，这里需要用use的形容词形式useful，意为“有用的”。故填useful。
37．certainly
【解析】句意：为什么不自己做一张卡片呢？你的奶奶肯定会喜欢它。此处需要用certain的副词形式certainly来修饰动词love，意为“肯定地”。故填certainly。
38．lead
【解析】句意：良好的沟通技巧通常会带来更好的人际关系。本句描述一个客观事实或普遍现象，需使用一般现在时。主语“Good communication skills”为复数名词，谓语动词应使用原形。故填lead。
39．build/to build
【解析】句意：这个演讲帮助李明树立了交友的良好价值观。“help sb. (to) do sth.”是固定用法，意为“帮助某人做某事”。故填build/to build。
40．message
【解析】句意：这场演讲主要传达了关于朋友的重要性的信息。“convey the message” 是固定搭配，意为“传达信息”，message译为“信息”时，通常以单数形式出现。故填message。
41．differences
【解析】句意：东西方在饮食习惯上存在一些文化差异。difference“差异”，根据“some”可知，此处用复数形式differences。故填differences。
42．bright
【解析】句意：你穿橘色或者红色这样明亮颜色的衣服看起来更好。根据提示“明亮的”可知，这里修饰名词“colors”用形容词“bright”作定语。故填bright。
43．gave up
【解析】句意：我表弟放弃了出国工作的机会，回到了家乡。根据中文提示“放弃”，可知应填动词短语give up。根据“returned”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词give应用过去式gave。故填gave up。
44．less than
【解析】句意：让我们惊讶的是，爱丽丝在不到三天的时间里成功完成了这个项目。根据中文提示“不到/少于”可知，横线处需填表示此意的词组，less than为固定搭配，意为“少于，不到”。故填less than。
45．understanding
【解析】句意：你可以通过了解中国泥塑艺术来更好地理解中国文化。根据汉语提示可知，understanding“理解”，动词，have a better understanding of“对……有较好理解”，固定短语。故填understanding。
46．fought his fears
【解析】根据中英文对比可知，空格处应填入意为“克服了他的恐惧”短语。动词短语fight one’s fears为固定搭配，意为“战胜某人的恐惧”，根据句中并列谓语“became”提示，句子应用一般过去时，动词fight应用过去式，原句中的“他”提示此处应用指代男性的形容词性物主代词his，意为“他的”，故填fought；his；fears。
47．something special different
【解析】一些东西“something”，是不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词应后置，special“特别的”，different“不同的”。故填something；special；different。
48．at least
【解析】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“至少”，英文表达为“at least”。故填at least。
49．for a while
【解析】for a while”是固定短语，意为“暂时；一会儿”。故填for a while。
50．deeply moved decided to do
【解析】根据句意可知，第一处表示“深深地感动”，用副词“deeply”修饰动词“moved”，表示感动的程度；第二处表示“决定做”，用“decide to do sth.”结构，根据语境可知时态为一般过去时，所以“decide”要用过去式“decided”，后面接动词不定式“to do”。故填deeply；moved；decided；to；do。
51．long 52．never 53．helping 54．double 55．opinions 56．relationship 57．holes 58．compare 59．needs 60．gate
【导语】本文是一篇演讲稿，主要讲述了如何建立牢固且长久的友谊，并给出了几条有用的建议。
51．句意：但是我们怎样才能建立牢固且长久的友谊呢？根据“build strong and...friendships”以及方框内所给单词，结合语境，这里需要一个形容词修饰“friendships”，“long”（长久的）符合，能体现友谊的时长特点。故填long。
52．句意：真正的朋友从不说谎或伤害别人。根据句意此处需要否定副词，“never”（从不）是副词，可修饰动词“lies”，符合“真正的朋友”的品质描述。故填never。
53．句意：分享零食或帮助做家庭作业可以显示你的关心。根据“…with homework”以及方框内所给单词，“help with homework”（帮助做家庭作业）是固定搭配，此处和“Sharing snacks”并列，用动名词形式“helping”。故填helping。
54．句意：这些小事也能让你获得双倍的快乐。根据“happiness”以及方框内所给单词，此处需要形容词作定语修饰“happiness”，方框内所给单词“double”（双倍的）是形容词，说明快乐的程度。故填double。
55．句意：如果你的朋友有不同的观点，倾听他们的想法或者找到和他们交谈的正确方式。根据“different”和下文“listen to their ideas”，此处需要表示“观点”的名词，与“ideas”相呼应，方框内所给单词，“opinion”（观点）是可数名词，“different”后接可数名词复数。故填opinions。
56．句意：争吵会在你和朋友的关系中产生裂痕。根据文章首段“Today I want to talk about the relationship between our good friends and us.”可知，本文的主题是我们和好朋友之间的关系。根据方框内所给单词，“relationship”（关系）符合语境，指朋友间的关系。故填relationship。
57．句意：就像我们衣服上的一些破洞一样，这些裂痕真的很难修补。根据比喻“cracks”和“clothes”的搭配，此处需要表示“洞”的名词，根据方框内所给单词，“hole”（破洞）是可数名词，“some”后接可数名词复数。故填holes。
58．句意：最后，不要把你的朋友和别人比较。根据“with others”以及方框内所给单词，“compare...with...”（把……和……比较）是固定搭配，“don’t”后接动词原形compare构成否定祈使句。故填compare。
59．句意：一段持久的友谊就像一个花园——它需要关心才能成长。根据“it…care to grow”，此处是说“花园需要照料”，根据方框内所给单词，“need”（需要）符合语境，主语“it”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式“needs”。故填needs。
60．句意：如果你遵循这些建议，你会发现通往持久友谊的大门是敞开的！根据“is wide open”，此处是说“大门敞开”，根据方框内所给单词，“gate”（大门）符合语境，此处用单数名词。故填gate。
61．have been 62．hasn’t invited 63．a 64．haven’t found 65．refused 66．expecting 67．experience 68．or 69．pass 70．stranger
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，包含两封信件。第一封是Lost Girl写给Sue的求助信，讲述她和好朋友之间出现问题，向Sue寻求帮助；第二封是Sue给Lost Girl的回信，给出了一些解决朋友间问题的建议。
61．句意：我们成为朋友已经五年了。根据“for five years”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的状态，用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“We”是复数，所以用“have been”。故填have been。
62．句意：但是自从上周五以来，她就没有邀请我和她一起去。根据“ever since last Friday”可知，此处表示从上周五到现在一直没邀请，用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“she”是第三人称单数，否定形式用“hasn’t”，动词“invite”的过去分词是“invited”。故填hasn’t invited。
63．句意：我考虑了所有让她和我在一起感到头疼的事情，但我还没有找出原因。“have a headache”是固定短语，意为“头疼”，所以此处用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
64．句意：我考虑了所有让她和我在一起感到头疼的事情，但我还没有找出原因。根据“yet”可知，此处表示到现在还没有找到原因，用现在完成时的否定形式“haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词”，主语“I”是第一人称，所以用“haven’t”，动词“find”的过去分词是“found”。故填haven’t found。
65．句意：我试着和她交流，但她拒绝回答。根据“tried”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“refuse”的过去式是“refused”。故填refused。
66．句意：我的心碎了，我期待你能帮助我。根据“My heart is broken and I’m...”可知，此处表示现在正在期待，用现在进行时，结构是“be + 现在分词”，“expect”的现在分词是“expecting”。故填expecting。
67．句意：许多人都有过这种经历。根据“this”可知，此处表示单数概念，“experience”作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，所以用单数形式。故填experience。
68．句意：试着给你的朋友写信，或者你可以向另一个朋友寻求帮助。根据“Try writing to your friend...you can ask another friend for help.”可知，前后是选择关系，用连词“or”表示“或者”。故填or。
69．句意：当你在学校经过她身边时，向她问好，但不要把她当作陌生人。根据“when you...her at school”可知，此处描述的是经常发生的动作，用一般现在时，主语“you”是第二人称，动词用原形“pass”。故填pass。
70．句意：当你在学校经过她身边时，向她问好，但不要把她当作陌生人。根据“a”可知，此处表示单数概念，“strange”的名词形式是“stranger”，意为“陌生人”。故填stranger。
71．It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. 72．Because he doesn’t want to see Bob/Bob’s place or Bob’s face any more. 73．He is very wise/clever/helpful. 74．我为我所说的话和所做的事感到非常抱歉。 75．A Fence or a Bridge /A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter/...
【导语】本文主要讲述了农夫约翰和农夫鲍勃原本关系很好，后来因小事产生矛盾，约翰让木匠建围栏隔开鲍勃，最后木匠建了座桥化解了他们矛盾的故事。
71．根据“Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.”可知，他们的关系破裂是从一件小事开始，然后是恶语相向，接着是数周的沉默。故填It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.
72．根据“I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour.”可知，农夫约翰让木匠建围栏是因为他不想再看到鲍勃、鲍勃的地方或鲍勃的脸。故填Because he doesn’t want to see Bob/Bob’s place or Bob’s face any more.
73．这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。但可以根据文章内容来回答，木匠没有按照约翰的要求建围栏，而是建了座桥，化解了约翰和鲍勃的矛盾，说明木匠很聪明、有智慧、乐于助人等。故填He is very wise/clever/helpful.
74．“I’m really sorry for...”是固定句式，表示“我为……感到非常抱歉”；“what I have said and done”是宾语从句，表示“我说的话和做的事”。故填：我为我所说的话和所做的事感到非常抱歉。
75．文章主要围绕约翰让木匠建围栏，木匠却建了座桥展开，所以标题可以是“A Fence or a Bridge （是围栏还是桥？）” ，也可以从木匠的智慧、聪明、乐于助人等角度来拟标题，如“A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter（一个有智慧/聪明/乐于助人的木匠）”等，答案不唯一。故填A Fence or a Bridge /A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter/...
76．例文
Dear Paul,
I’m sorry to hear that you have trouble with your new classmates. Now let me give you some advice.
First, you should join in the activities with your classmates. Then they will think you are outgoing and want to know more about you. Next, you can invite your classmates to go to the movies or go shopping. This can make your relationship much closer. Third, you should try your best to let them know more about you. For example, you can write articles or tell stories about yourself. Finally, you can help them with their problems. Then they will think you are friendly and want to make friends with you.
I hope my advice will work.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材： 本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：材料中给出的写作要点需完整表达，不得遗漏，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图，针对好友的困难，想给对方提一些建议；
第二步：具体阐述如何与新同学相处的建议；
第三步：书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①join in加入
②try one’s best to do sth.尽全力做某事
③help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
[高分句型]
①Then they will think you are outgoing and want to know more about you.(宾语从句)
②Then they will think you are friendly and want to make friends with you.(宾语从句)
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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）Unit 1-Unit 2
阶段核心素养培优卷
本试卷共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Do you have lots of friends What do you 1 friends and friendship Are they very important to you Some of the friends may have different ideas and 2 , and some like doing the same 3 as you. Do you like friends different from 4 the same 5 you You may like the friends 6 the same interests as you. But I don’t really care.
I have two good friends, Peter and James. Peter is 7 me. I am a quiet boy, and Peter is 8 quiet. We 9 enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet. On weekends, we often go to the library or 10 games on the computer together. But James is very different from us. He likes playing ball games, and he is 11 than us. He is 12 more outgoing and often makes 13 laugh.
You see, friends are not 14 to be the same. Do you agree 15 me
1．A．talk about B．think of C．thank for D．look at
2．A．interest B．interests C．interesting D．interested
3．A．interests B．ideas C．things D．habits
4．A．or B．and C．until D．but
5．A．for B．to C．as D．with
6．A．have B．with C．show D．are
7．A．like B．as C．for D．with
8．A．too B．also C．either D．and
9．A．all B．each C．both D．some
10．A．see B．work C．read D．play
11．A．healthy B．more healthy C．healthier D．healthiest
12．A．pretty B．very C．much D．little
13．A．him B．her C．us D．them
14．A．important B．necessary C．difficult D．different
15．A．about B．on C．with D．for
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
I knew how to communicate with people around me, but I found there were many more things I needed to learn. I realised this when I was taking a pottery (陶艺) class.
In class, as the teacher asked us to shape the clay (黏土) into a flower, I happily started to do it. Soon I noticed that my classmate Adam was still playing with his clay. “Hey, we are expected to make a flower now,” I said. He looked at me and then stayed silent. I worried he wouldn’t have enough time to finish his work, so I made another flower. “Here,” I said. “You can use this if you want to catch up.” “Do you always tell everyone what to do ” he shouted. My face turned red.
In the next class, I noticed he was making a tiger. He saw me looking at him and he glared at me. “Are you planning to tell me how to do this, too ” I didn’t know what to say. I was trying to be friendly, not impolite (不礼貌的), but Adam misunderstood me. I was sad and almost cried. Luckily, the class ended soon.
Later, I knew what Adam had experienced. I felt sorry for what I had done. We should give others enough space when getting along with them.
16．What did the writer realise according to Paragraph 1
A．It’s important to communicate with people.
B．It’s important to take a pottery class.
C．He needs to learn more classes.
D．He needs to learn more about communication.
17．What did the teacher ask the students to do
A．To make a clay flower. B．To make a clay tiger.
C．To play with the clay. D．To take a pottery class.
18．The underlined phrase “glared at” probably means “________”.
A．spoke to somebody kindly B．looked at somebody angrily
C．said something in surprise D．showed a smile to somebody
19．Which of the following shows how the writer’s feelings changed
A．Happy→worried→sad→sorry. B．Happy→nervous→angry→sad.
C．Sad→happy→upset→excited. D．Nervous→surprised→happy→thankful.
20．What is the best title for the passage
A．Show Others Enough Care B．Help Others in Need
C．Understand Others’ Mistakes D．Give Others Enough Space
B
In life, each of us is on a journey to discover who we truly are. It’s a long journey that starts when we’re young and keeps going as we grow.
For middle school students, this journey has just begun. As for me, it started when I first joined the school art club. When I painted, I realised I loved using colours to express my feelings, and this discovery surprised me. From then on, I began to pay attention to understanding myself.
Firstly, understanding our likes and dislikes can help us find the right goals. It’s like a map that guides us. For example, when faced with different choices, if we know our own preferences (偏爱), the choices we make will be different. And every choice we make brings us one step closer to achieving our goals.
Secondly, understanding ourselves helps us get along better with others. If we know our own strengths and weaknesses (优缺点), we can work better as a team. For example, if I know I’m good at listening, I can help my classmates who need to talk about their problems.
In short, the journey of discovering ourselves is long and full of surprises. It helps us grow into our best selves and live a happy, meaningful life. So, let’s keep exploring and enjoying this journey. I’m sure you’ll find some surprises.
21．What made the writer start to understand himself
A．Taking photos. B．Travelling around. C．Painting pictures. D．Talking with others.
22．What can understanding our likes or dislikes help us do
A．Know our goals. B．Satisfy ourselves. C．Make true friends. D．Express ourselves.
23．How many good points of understanding ourselves are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
24．What does the writer think of the process of understanding ourselves
A．Difficult but interesting. B．Long and surprising.
C．Dangerous but important. D．Magical and meaningful.
25．What is the structure of this passage (①=Paragraph 1, ...)
A．①-②③④-⑤ B．①-②③④⑤ C．①②③④-⑤ D．①-②-③④-⑤
C
When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors, because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbors. But what kind of neighbor is good The answers are different from person to person. Here are my answers.
First, it is very important to respect (尊重) each other. If our neighbors try to know more about our life, how will we feel He or she may also talk with others about our life. Do you want to live with him or her any more The answer is “No”. We will feel very annoyed to have this kind of neighbor and move away quickly.
Next, a good neighbor is always ready to give us a hand when we need him or her. For example, if we are not at home, our good neighbors will watch our house for us.
Finally, a good neighbor should love the environment. He or she never puts rubbish (垃圾) here and there, because a good environment can make us comfortable and happy.
I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life.
26．Why do we want to have nice neighbors
A．Because they can share food with us.
B．Because it is helpful to live with good neighbors.
C．Because they can make us feel nervous.
D．Because they can make our life rich.
27．What does the underlined word “annoyed” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Angry. B．Lucky. C．Excited. D．Glad.
28．How will you feel if you live in a good environment
A．Tired and sick. B．Strong and bored. C．Cold and free. D．Comfortable and happy.
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Good neighbors talk with others about our life.
B．Good neighbors never watch your house when you are out.
C．People should learn to be good neighbors.
D．Good neighbors put rubbish everywhere.
30．What’s the structure of the passage (Paragraph 1=①,…)
A． B． C． D．
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）
Ways to Improve Family Relationships
A good family relationship makes our home a happier place. Here are some ways to help us get along better with our family members. 31 Communication is important. We should talk to our family members every day. For example, share our school experiences, like a funny thing a classmate did or a good grade we got. Listen carefully when others speak. Don’t interrupt them. This shows we respect their ideas.
32 Doing things together makes us closer. On weekends, we can watch a favorite movie. Then, talk about the story and the characters in it. A picnic in the park is fun too. We can enjoy nature and play games.
33 Everyone in the family has different opinions. We should value them. Even if we disagree with our parents, we can tell them our thoughts in a polite way. At the same time, we should value their decisions.
34 Sharing chores makes everyone feel responsible. We can clean our rooms, wash the dishes, or sweep the floor. Working together helps us understand each other’s efforts.
35 We all make mistakes. When someone in the family does something wrong, forgive them. At the same time, if we make a mistake, we should say sorry sincerely. By following these ways, we can have a closer and happier family.
A．Spend time together.
B．Give and receive forgiveness (原谅).
C．Do chores together.
D．Communicate openly.
E．Value each other.
F．Express love more often.
三、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．Chinese is one of the most (use) languages in the world now.
37．Why not make a card by yourself Your grandma will (certain) love it.
38．Good communication skills often (lead) to better relationships among people.
39．This speech has helped Li Ming (build) good values in making friends.
40．The speech mainly conveys the (message) about the importance of friends.
41．There are some cultural (差异) in eating habits between the East and the West.
42．You look better in (明亮的) colors like orange and red.
43．My cousin (放弃) the chance of working abroad and returned to his hometown.
44．To our surprise, Alice succeeded in finishing the project in (不到/少于) three days.
45．You can have a better (理解) of Chinese culture by learning about Chinese clay art.
四、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．然而，苏克服了他的恐惧，成了一名体育英雄。
However, Su and became a sporting hero.
47．每个人都有一些特别和不同的东西——这就是有趣的地方。
Everyone has and — that is what’s interesting.
48．你最好每天至少花费几分钟和你的朋友们交流。
You’d better spend a few minutes each day communicating with your friends.
49．在给出你的意见之前，你应该先倾听一会儿别人的想法。
You should listen to others before giving your opinions.
50．这一举动深深地感动了吴家。作为回报，他们决定做同样的事情。
This act the Wu family. In return, they the same thing.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次)
hole never gate compare opinion long double help relationship need
Dear students, Today I want to talk about the relationship between our good friends and us. Having good friends makes our lives happier. But how can we build strong and 51 friendships Here are some helpful tips. First, be honest and kind. A true friend 52 lies to or hurts (伤害) others. For example, if your friends make a mistake, talk to them nicely instead of laughing at them. Small acts of kindness are important. Sharing snacks or 53 with homework can show you care. These small things can also make you get 54 happiness. Next, respect (尊重) your friends. If your friends have different 55 , listen to their ideas or find the right way to talk to them. Don’t argue with them. Fights can create cracks (裂痕) in the 56 between you and your friends. Just like some 57 in our clothes, the cracks are really hard to fix. Lastly, don’t 58 your friends with others. Everyone is special in their own way. Whether your friends are quiet or naughty (淘气的), what matters is their kindness. A lasting friendship is like a garden—it 59 care to grow. If you follow these tips, you’ll find the 60 to lasting friendships is wide open! That’s all I want to share. Thank you for listening! Zhang Yue
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给词汇的正确形式
Dear Sue,
There is a problem between my good friend and me. We 61 (be) friends for five years. But ever since last Friday, she 62 (not invite) me to go with her. I considered all the things that made her have 63 headache about staying with me, but I 64 (not find) out the reason yet. We never fought or even quarreled with each other. I tried to communicate with her, but she 65 (refuse) to answer. My heart is broken and I’m 66 (expect) you to help me.
—Lost Girl
Dear Lost Girl,
Many people have had this 67 (experience). Sometimes it’s pretty hard to tell what’s wrong in a friendship. Try writing to your friend 68 you can ask another friend for help. If possible, buy her a bunch of flowers to comfort her. If none of these things works, just leave your friend alone. She may need some time to cool down and think about the situation herself.
Both of you can move on and find new friends. But even if you’re not friends anymore, you should still be friendly. Say hi to her when you 69 (pass) her at school but don’t see her as a 70 (strange). Maybe one day she will realize what a good friend you are.
—Sue
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
Farmer John and Farmer Bob were neighbours. For more than 30 years, they had been getting along very well.
Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. One morning John woke up to find a stream between the two farms. “It must be Bob,” John thought.
Then one day there was a knock on John’s door. He opened it to find a carpenter (木匠).
“I’m looking for a few days’ work,” the carpenter said.
“I do have a job for you,” John said. “Look across the stream at that farm. That’s my neighbour Bob. He dug a stream between the two farms. I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour.”
The carpenter said, “I think I know what to do, sir, and I can do a job to your satisfaction.”
Farmer John helped the carpenter get the materials ready and then he was off.
About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The farmer’s eyes opened wide. There was no fence at all!
It was a bridge! And the neighbour, Bob, was coming across, with his hand outstretched (伸出). “Hi, John! You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!”
Then they met in the middle, taking each other’s hands. “I’m really sorry for what I have said and done. We should be good to each other,” said Farmer Bob.
71．How did their relationship break
72．Why did Farmer John ask the carpenter to build a fence
73．What do you think of the carpenter
74．将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。
75．请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．假如你是李华，你的英国好友Paul刚转学到一个新学校，不知道如何与新同学相处。请你根据要点提示，给他写封信提出你的建议。
要点：
1. 与同学一起参加活动；
2. 邀请同学看电影；
3. 主动让同学了解你；
4. ……
要求：
1. 要包括以上所有提示信息；
2. 可适当发挥，以保证内容的完整、丰富与流畅；
3. 词数80-100。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Paul,
I’m sorry to hear that you have trouble with your new classmates. Now let me give you some advice.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope my advice will work.
Yours,
Li Hua
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．C 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对朋友和友谊的看法，并通过自己与两个性格迥异的朋友的相处经历，阐述了朋友之间不必完全相同，重要的是相互理解和尊重。
1．句意：你对朋友和友谊有什么看法？
talk about谈论；think of考虑，认为；thank for感谢；look at看。根据“What do you...friends and friendship ”可知，此处指对朋友和友谊的看法。故选B。
2．句意：有些朋友可能有不同的想法和兴趣，有些喜欢和你做同样的事情。
interest兴趣，单数形式；interests兴趣，复数形式；interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的。根据“Some of the friends may have different ideas and...”可知，此处指不同的兴趣，应用复数形式。故选B。
3．句意：有些朋友可能有不同的想法和兴趣，有些喜欢和你做同样的事情。
interests兴趣；ideas想法；things事情；habits习惯。根据“some like doing the same...as you”可知，此处指做同样的事情。故选C。
4．句意：你喜欢和你不同还是相同的朋友？
or或者；and和；until直到；but但是。根据“different from...the same...”可知，此处是选择关系，应用or连接。故选A。
5．句意：你喜欢和你不同还是相同的朋友？
for为了；to到；as像；with和。根据“the same...you”可知，此处指和你一样，应用the same as。故选C。
6．句意：你可能喜欢和你有同样兴趣的朋友。
have有；with和；show展示；are是。根据“the friends...the same interests as you”可知，此处指和你有同样兴趣的朋友，应用介词with。故选B。
7．句意：彼得像我一样。
like像；as作为；for为了；with和。根据“Peter is...me”可知，此处指彼得像我一样，应用介词like。故选A。
8．句意：我是一个安静的男孩，彼得也很安静。
too也，用于肯定句句末；also也，用于肯定句句中；either也，用于否定句句末；and和。根据“Peter is...quiet”可知，此处指彼得也很安静，且位于肯定句句中，应用also。故选B。
9．句意：我们都喜欢读书和上网。
all三者及以上都；each每一个；both两者都；some一些。根据“I am a quiet boy, and Peter is...quiet”可知，此处指“我”和彼得两个人，应用both。故选C。
10．句意：周末，我们经常去图书馆或一起在电脑上玩游戏。
see看见；work工作；read读；play玩。根据“games on the computer”可知，此处指在电脑上玩游戏，应用play。故选D。
11．句意：他喜欢打球，他比我们更健康。
healthy健康的；more healthy表述错误；healthier更健康的；healthiest最健康的。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级。故选C。
12．句意：他更外向，经常逗我们笑。
pretty相当；very非常；much非常，很；little几乎没有。根据“more outgoing”可知，此处应用much修饰比较级。故选C。
13．句意：他更外向，经常逗我们笑。
him他；her她；us我们；them他们。根据“We...enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet.”可知，此处指逗“我们”笑。故选C。
14．句意：你看，朋友不一定要一样。
important重要的；necessary必要的；difficult困难的；different不同的。根据“friends are not...to be the same”可知，此处指朋友不一定要一样。故选B。
15．句意：你同意我的看法吗？
about关于；on在……上面；with和；for为了。根据“agree...me”可知，此处是指同意“我”的看法，应用agree with。故选C。
16．D 17．A 18．B 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在陶艺课上与同学Adam的互动经历，通过这次经历作者意识到在与他人相处时需要给予对方足够的空间。
16．细节理解题。根据“I knew how to communicate with people around me, but I found there were many more things I needed to learn.”（我知道如何与周围的人交流，但我发现还有很多东西需要学习。）可知，作者意识到自己需要学习更多关于沟通的知识。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“In class, as the teacher asked us to shape the clay into a flower...”（在课堂上，老师让我们把黏土塑造成一朵花……）可知，老师要求学生制作一朵黏土花。故选A。
18．词句猜测题。根据前文，作者好意给同学Adam提供帮助，却被Adam误解，还被质问“Are you planning to tell me how to do this, too ”（你也打算告诉我该怎么做这个吗？），结合语境，此时Adam的态度应是生气的。“glared at”所在句 “He saw me looking at him and he glared at me.” 描述的是 Adam看到作者看他后的反应，结合上下文的矛盾冲突，可推测“glared at”意思是“生气地看着某人”。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“I happily started to do it.”可知，作者一开始很开心；根据“I worried he wouldn’t have enough time to finish his work, so I made another flower.”可知，随后作者感到很担心；根据“I was sad and almost cried. Luckily, the class ended soon.”可知，紧接着作者感到很伤心；根据“I felt sorry for what I had done.”可知，最后作者感到很抱歉。故选A。
20．最佳标题题。根据“We should give others enough space when getting along with them.”并结合全文可知，讲述了作者在陶艺课上因过度“关心”同学Adam，想指导对方做陶艺，却被误解，最后领悟到与人相处时应给对方足够空间的道理，选项D“给别人足够的空间”可作为最佳标题。故选D。
21．C 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了每个人都在探索真实自我的人生旅程，以作者加入学校艺术俱乐部的经历为切入点，阐述了了解自我的重要性及益处，并鼓励大家继续探索这一旅程。
21．细节理解题。根据“As for me, it started when I first joined the school art club. When I painted, I realised I loved using colours to express my feelings, and this discovery surprised me. From then on, I began to pay attention to understanding myself.”可知，作者是在画画时开始关注了解自己的。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Firstly, understanding our likes and dislikes can help us find the right goals.”可知，了解自己的喜好和厌恶有助于我们找到正确的目标，即明确目标。故选A。
23．细节理解题。通读全文，文中分别通过“Firstly, understanding our likes and dislikes can help us find the right goals.”和“Secondly, understanding ourselves helps us get along better with others.”提及了了解自我的两个好处。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“In short, the journey of discovering ourselves is long and full of surprises.”可知，作者认为了解自我的过程漫长且充满惊喜。故选B。
25．篇章结构题。文章第①段总述每个人都在探索真实自我的漫长旅程；第②段以作者自身加入艺术俱乐部、通过画画开始了解自我的经历为例，引出下文；第③段和第④段分别阐述了解自我的两个好处；第⑤段总结探索自我旅程的意义，并鼓励大家继续探索。因此结构为①-②-③④-⑤。故选D。
26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了什么样的邻居才是好邻居，并从相互尊重、乐于助人、爱护环境三个方面进行了阐述，最后作者呼吁大家都应该学会成为好邻居，并希望每个人都能有好邻居，过上幸福的生活。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors, because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbors.”可知，我们想要好邻居是因为和好邻居一起生活是有帮助的。故选B。
27．词句猜测题。根据第二段“We will feel very annoyed to have this kind of neighbor and move away quickly.”可知，拥有这样的邻居我们会感到非常“annoyed”并迅速搬走，由此可推测“annoyed”意为“生气的，恼火的”，与A选项“Angry”意思相近。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“He or she never puts rubbish (垃圾) here and there, because a good environment can make us comfortable and happy.”可知，如果生活在一个好的环境中，我们会感到舒适和快乐。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life.”可知，人们应该学会成为好邻居。故选C。
30．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题，即我们想要好邻居并探讨什么样的邻居才是好邻居；第二段到第四段分别从相互尊重、乐于助人、爱护环境三个方面进行了阐述；最后一段总结全文，呼吁大家都应该学会成为好邻居，并希望每个人都能有好邻居，过上幸福的生活。因此，文章的结构是总—分—总。故选C。
31．D 32．A 33．E 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了改善家庭关系的五种方法。
31．根据“Communication is important. We should talk to our family members... respect their ideas.”可知，本段强调日常分享和倾听。选项D“开放沟通”与之相符。故选D。
32．根据“Doing things together makes us closer. On weekends, we can watch a favorite movie. Then, talk about the story and the characters in it. A picnic in the park is fun too. We can enjoy nature and play games.”可知，本段描述了家人多进行共同活动如看电影等。选项A“一起度过时间”与之相符。故选A。
33．根据“Everyone in the family has different opinions. We should value them. Even if we disagree with our parents, we can tell them our thoughts in a polite way. At the same time, we should value their decisions.”可知，本段提到尊重不同意见和决策。选项E“重视彼此”与之相符。故选E。
34．根据“Sharing chores makes everyone feel responsible. We can clean our rooms, wash the dishes, or sweep the floor. Working together helps us understand each other’s efforts.”可知，本段提及要分担家务。选项C“一起做家务”与之相符。故选C。
35．根据“We all make mistakes. When someone in the family does something wrong, forgive them. At the same time, if we make a mistake, we should say sorry sincerely. By following these ways, we can have a closer and happier family.”可知，本段讨论原谅和道歉。选项B“给予和接受原谅”与之相符。故选B。
36．useful
【解析】句意：汉语是现在世界上最有用的语言之一。句子中“one of the most+形容词+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，这里需要用use的形容词形式useful，意为“有用的”。故填useful。
37．certainly
【解析】句意：为什么不自己做一张卡片呢？你的奶奶肯定会喜欢它。此处需要用certain的副词形式certainly来修饰动词love，意为“肯定地”。故填certainly。
38．lead
【解析】句意：良好的沟通技巧通常会带来更好的人际关系。本句描述一个客观事实或普遍现象，需使用一般现在时。主语“Good communication skills”为复数名词，谓语动词应使用原形。故填lead。
39．build/to build
【解析】句意：这个演讲帮助李明树立了交友的良好价值观。“help sb. (to) do sth.”是固定用法，意为“帮助某人做某事”。故填build/to build。
40．message
【解析】句意：这场演讲主要传达了关于朋友的重要性的信息。“convey the message” 是固定搭配，意为“传达信息”，message译为“信息”时，通常以单数形式出现。故填message。
41．differences
【解析】句意：东西方在饮食习惯上存在一些文化差异。difference“差异”，根据“some”可知，此处用复数形式differences。故填differences。
42．bright
【解析】句意：你穿橘色或者红色这样明亮颜色的衣服看起来更好。根据提示“明亮的”可知，这里修饰名词“colors”用形容词“bright”作定语。故填bright。
43．gave up
【解析】句意：我表弟放弃了出国工作的机会，回到了家乡。根据中文提示“放弃”，可知应填动词短语give up。根据“returned”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词give应用过去式gave。故填gave up。
44．less than
【解析】句意：让我们惊讶的是，爱丽丝在不到三天的时间里成功完成了这个项目。根据中文提示“不到/少于”可知，横线处需填表示此意的词组，less than为固定搭配，意为“少于，不到”。故填less than。
45．understanding
【解析】句意：你可以通过了解中国泥塑艺术来更好地理解中国文化。根据汉语提示可知，understanding“理解”，动词，have a better understanding of“对……有较好理解”，固定短语。故填understanding。
46．fought his fears
【解析】根据中英文对比可知，空格处应填入意为“克服了他的恐惧”短语。动词短语fight one’s fears为固定搭配，意为“战胜某人的恐惧”，根据句中并列谓语“became”提示，句子应用一般过去时，动词fight应用过去式，原句中的“他”提示此处应用指代男性的形容词性物主代词his，意为“他的”，故填fought；his；fears。
47．something special different
【解析】一些东西“something”，是不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词应后置，special“特别的”，different“不同的”。故填something；special；different。
48．at least
【解析】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“至少”，英文表达为“at least”。故填at least。
49．for a while
【解析】for a while”是固定短语，意为“暂时；一会儿”。故填for a while。
50．deeply moved decided to do
【解析】根据句意可知，第一处表示“深深地感动”，用副词“deeply”修饰动词“moved”，表示感动的程度；第二处表示“决定做”，用“decide to do sth.”结构，根据语境可知时态为一般过去时，所以“decide”要用过去式“decided”，后面接动词不定式“to do”。故填deeply；moved；decided；to；do。
51．long 52．never 53．helping 54．double 55．opinions 56．relationship 57．holes 58．compare 59．needs 60．gate
【导语】本文是一篇演讲稿，主要讲述了如何建立牢固且长久的友谊，并给出了几条有用的建议。
51．句意：但是我们怎样才能建立牢固且长久的友谊呢？根据“build strong and...friendships”以及方框内所给单词，结合语境，这里需要一个形容词修饰“friendships”，“long”（长久的）符合，能体现友谊的时长特点。故填long。
52．句意：真正的朋友从不说谎或伤害别人。根据句意此处需要否定副词，“never”（从不）是副词，可修饰动词“lies”，符合“真正的朋友”的品质描述。故填never。
53．句意：分享零食或帮助做家庭作业可以显示你的关心。根据“…with homework”以及方框内所给单词，“help with homework”（帮助做家庭作业）是固定搭配，此处和“Sharing snacks”并列，用动名词形式“helping”。故填helping。
54．句意：这些小事也能让你获得双倍的快乐。根据“happiness”以及方框内所给单词，此处需要形容词作定语修饰“happiness”，方框内所给单词“double”（双倍的）是形容词，说明快乐的程度。故填double。
55．句意：如果你的朋友有不同的观点，倾听他们的想法或者找到和他们交谈的正确方式。根据“different”和下文“listen to their ideas”，此处需要表示“观点”的名词，与“ideas”相呼应，方框内所给单词，“opinion”（观点）是可数名词，“different”后接可数名词复数。故填opinions。
56．句意：争吵会在你和朋友的关系中产生裂痕。根据文章首段“Today I want to talk about the relationship between our good friends and us.”可知，本文的主题是我们和好朋友之间的关系。根据方框内所给单词，“relationship”（关系）符合语境，指朋友间的关系。故填relationship。
57．句意：就像我们衣服上的一些破洞一样，这些裂痕真的很难修补。根据比喻“cracks”和“clothes”的搭配，此处需要表示“洞”的名词，根据方框内所给单词，“hole”（破洞）是可数名词，“some”后接可数名词复数。故填holes。
58．句意：最后，不要把你的朋友和别人比较。根据“with others”以及方框内所给单词，“compare...with...”（把……和……比较）是固定搭配，“don’t”后接动词原形compare构成否定祈使句。故填compare。
59．句意：一段持久的友谊就像一个花园——它需要关心才能成长。根据“it…care to grow”，此处是说“花园需要照料”，根据方框内所给单词，“need”（需要）符合语境，主语“it”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式“needs”。故填needs。
60．句意：如果你遵循这些建议，你会发现通往持久友谊的大门是敞开的！根据“is wide open”，此处是说“大门敞开”，根据方框内所给单词，“gate”（大门）符合语境，此处用单数名词。故填gate。
61．have been 62．hasn’t invited 63．a 64．haven’t found 65．refused 66．expecting 67．experience 68．or 69．pass 70．stranger
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，包含两封信件。第一封是Lost Girl写给Sue的求助信，讲述她和好朋友之间出现问题，向Sue寻求帮助；第二封是Sue给Lost Girl的回信，给出了一些解决朋友间问题的建议。
61．句意：我们成为朋友已经五年了。根据“for five years”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的状态，用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“We”是复数，所以用“have been”。故填have been。
62．句意：但是自从上周五以来，她就没有邀请我和她一起去。根据“ever since last Friday”可知，此处表示从上周五到现在一直没邀请，用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“she”是第三人称单数，否定形式用“hasn’t”，动词“invite”的过去分词是“invited”。故填hasn’t invited。
63．句意：我考虑了所有让她和我在一起感到头疼的事情，但我还没有找出原因。“have a headache”是固定短语，意为“头疼”，所以此处用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
64．句意：我考虑了所有让她和我在一起感到头疼的事情，但我还没有找出原因。根据“yet”可知，此处表示到现在还没有找到原因，用现在完成时的否定形式“haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词”，主语“I”是第一人称，所以用“haven’t”，动词“find”的过去分词是“found”。故填haven’t found。
65．句意：我试着和她交流，但她拒绝回答。根据“tried”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“refuse”的过去式是“refused”。故填refused。
66．句意：我的心碎了，我期待你能帮助我。根据“My heart is broken and I’m...”可知，此处表示现在正在期待，用现在进行时，结构是“be + 现在分词”，“expect”的现在分词是“expecting”。故填expecting。
67．句意：许多人都有过这种经历。根据“this”可知，此处表示单数概念，“experience”作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，所以用单数形式。故填experience。
68．句意：试着给你的朋友写信，或者你可以向另一个朋友寻求帮助。根据“Try writing to your friend...you can ask another friend for help.”可知，前后是选择关系，用连词“or”表示“或者”。故填or。
69．句意：当你在学校经过她身边时，向她问好，但不要把她当作陌生人。根据“when you...her at school”可知，此处描述的是经常发生的动作，用一般现在时，主语“you”是第二人称，动词用原形“pass”。故填pass。
70．句意：当你在学校经过她身边时，向她问好，但不要把她当作陌生人。根据“a”可知，此处表示单数概念，“strange”的名词形式是“stranger”，意为“陌生人”。故填stranger。
71．It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. 72．Because he doesn’t want to see Bob/Bob’s place or Bob’s face any more. 73．He is very wise/clever/helpful. 74．我为我所说的话和所做的事感到非常抱歉。 75．A Fence or a Bridge /A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter/...
【导语】本文主要讲述了农夫约翰和农夫鲍勃原本关系很好，后来因小事产生矛盾，约翰让木匠建围栏隔开鲍勃，最后木匠建了座桥化解了他们矛盾的故事。
71．根据“Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.”可知，他们的关系破裂是从一件小事开始，然后是恶语相向，接着是数周的沉默。故填It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.
72．根据“I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour.”可知，农夫约翰让木匠建围栏是因为他不想再看到鲍勃、鲍勃的地方或鲍勃的脸。故填Because he doesn’t want to see Bob/Bob’s place or Bob’s face any more.
73．这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。但可以根据文章内容来回答，木匠没有按照约翰的要求建围栏，而是建了座桥，化解了约翰和鲍勃的矛盾，说明木匠很聪明、有智慧、乐于助人等。故填He is very wise/clever/helpful.
74．“I’m really sorry for...”是固定句式，表示“我为……感到非常抱歉”；“what I have said and done”是宾语从句，表示“我说的话和做的事”。故填：我为我所说的话和所做的事感到非常抱歉。
75．文章主要围绕约翰让木匠建围栏，木匠却建了座桥展开，所以标题可以是“A Fence or a Bridge （是围栏还是桥？）” ，也可以从木匠的智慧、聪明、乐于助人等角度来拟标题，如“A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter（一个有智慧/聪明/乐于助人的木匠）”等，答案不唯一。故填A Fence or a Bridge /A Wise/Clever/Helpful Carpenter/...
76．例文
Dear Paul,
I’m sorry to hear that you have trouble with your new classmates. Now let me give you some advice.
First, you should join in the activities with your classmates. Then they will think you are outgoing and want to know more about you. Next, you can invite your classmates to go to the movies or go shopping. This can make your relationship much closer. Third, you should try your best to let them know more about you. For example, you can write articles or tell stories about yourself. Finally, you can help them with their problems. Then they will think you are friendly and want to make friends with you.
I hope my advice will work.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材： 本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：材料中给出的写作要点需完整表达，不得遗漏，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图，针对好友的困难，想给对方提一些建议；
第二步：具体阐述如何与新同学相处的建议；
第三步：书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①join in加入
②try one’s best to do sth.尽全力做某事
③help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
[高分句型]
①Then they will think you are outgoing and want to know more about you.(宾语从句)
②Then they will think you are friendly and want to make friends with you.(宾语从句)
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