（月考培优卷）Unit 1-Unit 3 阶段核心素养培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | （月考培优卷）Unit 1-Unit 3 阶段核心素养培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）（含答案解析） |  | |
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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）Unit 1-Unit 3
阶段核心素养培优卷
本试卷共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Did you have cereal (麦片) for breakfast this morning If you did, you’re not 1 . Millions of people eat breakfast cereal every day. It 2 with a man called Will Keith Kellogg.
Will was born on April 7, 1860 in the USA．He got his first 3 at a sanitarium (疗养院). Will worked hard and 4 became the manager of the sanitarium. His brother, John, was a doctor there. One big 5 at the sanitarium was the patients’ food. The patients needed 6 food, but it was also important that the food should be delicious. Will tried to find a good 7 to take the place of bread, but it wasn’t going very well. Then, by accident, Will found something great. He cooked some wheat for a long time. As it was rolled out (擀平), it 8 large and thin flakes (薄片). He asked his brother to 9 the flakes to the patients, and they loved them! They liked them so much that they wanted to eat the flakes even 10 they left the sanitarium. So Will started new 11 —selling packaged breakfast cereal. Before long, Will’s breakfast cereal was 12 in other countries, too.
Will did more than just selling breakfast cereal. 13 business helped him make a lot of money, but he didn’t keep the money. He used much of it to help children. He also used the money to 14 several other organizations. Will Keith Kellogg died in 1951. 15 , his invention is always famous. He is really a good inventor!
1．A．alone B．lazy C．sick D．careless
2．A．finished B．worked C．started D．filled
3．A．gift B．job C．prize D．name
4．A．normally B．probably C．recently D．finally
5．A．problem B．change C．chance D．reason
6．A．traditional B．wrong C．healthy D．expensive
7．A．way B．deal C．reply D．competition
8．A．looked for B．turned into C．dealt with D．gave out
9．A．serve B．provide C．remind D．try
10．A．since B．after C．while D．or
11．A．housework B．agreement C．business D．discussion
12．A．crazy B．popular C．fresh D．modern
13．A．His B．Her C．My D．Your
14．A．fix B．introduce C．help D．raise
15．A．Anyway B．Also C．Besides D．However
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
Robot dogs are smart helpers. They can walk, run, and carry things like real dogs. They are even used to do difficult jobs. Mount Taishan is trying these robot dogs!
Mount Taishan is a very famous place that lots of people come to visit. But with so many visitors, keeping the mountain clean is a difficult job. The steep paths (陡峭的路径) make it hard to carry away the litter (垃圾).
The team whose job was to keep the mountain clean thought that it might be a good idea to let the robot dogs do this job. These robots can carry 30 to 40 kilograms of litter and climb the mountain much faster than most people. They can work for 4 to 6 hours after they are recharged (充电).
The robots are a hit with the visitors, too. People stop to take pictures and are excited to see them. “I see it climbing and even take a photo with it. It’s really eye-catching,” said Wang Yang, a visitor from Harbin. “It would be even more amazing if it could carry people up the mountain in the future.”
The team is still working to make the robot dogs even better. They hope these robot helpers will soon be a common sight on Mount Taishan.
16．What can robot dogs do like real dogs
A．Swim in the water. B．Walk, run, and carry things.
C．Jump high and talk to people. D．Sing and dance for people.
17．Why is it hard to keep Mount Taishan clean
A．Because there are too many tall trees.
B．Because there is too much litter on the mountain.
C．Because the paths are steep and there are many visitors.
D．Because the cleaners are new and they don’t know what to do.
18．How long can the robot dogs work after they’re recharged
A．For 2 to 4 hours. B．For 3 to 5 hours.
C．For 4 to 6 hours. D．For 5 to 7 hours.
19．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean
A．The robots are lonely. B．The robots are friendly.
C．The robots are useful. D．The robots are popular.
20．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Robot dogs help keep Mount Taishan clean.
B．Mount Taishan is very beautiful and attracts many visitors.
C．Visitors like taking pictures with robot dogs on Mount Taishan.
D．The team is improving robot dogs better to carry people up the mountain.
B
Tom came to his teacher and asked him, “Sir, I have a question. How many friends should a person have—one or many ”
“It is very simple,” the teacher answered. “Get me that red apple from the highest branch (树枝) of the tree.”
Tom looked up and said, “It’s too high! I can’t reach it.”
“Ask a friend. Maybe he can help,” the teacher suggested.
Tom called another student and stood on his shoulders (肩膀) to reach the branch. “I still can’t reach it, sir,” said Tom sadly after the first try.
“Don’t you have more friends ” the teacher smiled.
Tom asked more friends to come over. They stood on each other’s shoulders, trying to make a human pyramid (金字塔). But the apple was so high that they couldn’t go higher and the pyramid fell. Tom still couldn’t reach the apple.
Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder (梯子) and Tom finally picked the apple.
After getting the apple, the teacher asked, “So, do you understand how many friends a person needs ”
“Yes, I do,” Tom said. “Many, so together we can work out any problem.”
“Sounds good,” the teacher said. “You need as many friends as you can. Among them, there will be at least one smart person who can think of a good idea, like getting a ladder!”
21．What did the teacher ask Tom to do at first
A．To pick the red apple for him. B．To find the answer in books.
C．To do his homework. D．To work with Tom’s friends.
22．Which of the following is the right order of Tom’s picking the apple
①looked up under the tree ②climbed the ladder
③made a human pyramid ④stood on his friend’s shoulders
A．①②③④ B．②③①④ C．④①③② D．①④③②
23．What word can best describe the teacher
A．Strict. B．Clever. C．Funny. D．Tidy.
24．What can Tom learn about friends from his experience of picking the apple
A．Friends are only useful when they are smart.
B．Having many friends makes it easier to solve problems.
C．One should always depend on oneself rather than on friends.
D．Being friendly to all people is important, not just friends.
25．How did the teacher answer Tom’s question
A．By telling him a story about apples. B．By simply telling him the answer.
C．By asking him to learn by doing. D．By drawing an apple tree.
C
Have you ever heard some people describe themselves as INTJs or ESTPs Do you want to know what these letters mean
These people describe themselves in terms of the personality types classified (分类) by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The test was developed by Isabel Myers and her mother Katharine Briggs according to their work with Carl Jung’s ideas about personality types.
The MBTI is a self-report test developed to help people know about their own personality type, strengths, likes and dislikes. It is not used to test your mental (精神的) health. There are no right or wrong answers. No one personality type is the best or the worst.
In recent years, the MBTI has been used in more and more areas. ▲ People take the test and it can help them to learn about what the best jobs are for each MBTI type. For example, ESTPs can easily go into marketing (营销), while ISTPs should become engineers. However, we should know that it is only a guide, and it cannot decide our dream jobs.
The MBTI personality test may show us something we don’t know about ourselves. But we should not take its result too seriously. Who we are is shaped by our thoughts, values and daily behaviours. The result of the test can’t define (定义) who we are.
26．How does the writer start this passage
A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By showing opinions.
27．Who worked with Isabel Myers to create the MBTI
A．Her mother. B．Her father. C．Her son. D．Her husband.
28．What is the main purpose of the MBTI test
A．To get a dream job. B．To test mental health.
C．To understand personality. D．To make more friends.
29．Which sentence can be put in the ▲
A．Sellers use the MBTI to meet their customers’ needs.
B．People treat the MBTI as a useful tool for learning about others.
C．People use the MBTI as a way to help them choose the right job.
D．It is also getting more and more popular in other foreign countries.
30．What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．The MBTI is important for people to know who they are.
B．We should not define ourselves by a simple test.
C．The MBTI is a good topic to share with our friends.
D．We need to set good values and become nice people.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Technology is developing at a surprising speed. Products that were invented years ago are now becoming very common. And the speed of development of technology is faster than before. 31
We used to turn on a machine by hand, but now voice recognition (识别) is changing users’ experience and our daily lives. 32 Besides, our smartphones can also make our phone calls much easier and faster.
33 We can buy products on the internet. We can pay with our phones. We can order meals, book tickets, and even call a taxi all from our phones.
There’s no need to store personal and business information on our hard drives (硬盘驱动器), pen drives or DVDs. 34 In this way, we don’t need to buy the business program or spend time storing it on our computers. 35
More and more technologies will be developed, and our lives will change along with them.
A．Sending it to the cloud storage may be the best way.
B．Technology has made shopping and payment much more convenient.
C．We just need to speak to the machine and it can do as we tell it.
D．But the technology doesn’t always bring good things to people.
E．Let me tell you how new technologies are making a difference to us.
F．That’s because cloud storage can be used at any time and any place.
G．Many factories have begun to use robots instead of workers.
三、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．China (successful) launched (发射) two new satellites on Thursday.
37．Some of my (relative) are good at talking, and I want to learn how to communicate better from them.
38．Sometimes, I want to share some (poem) with my classmates, but I’m too shy to speak up.
39．Mr. Wu teaches us English and he always makes his class (interest) and lively.
40．His uncle often goes to work by bus, but (sometime) he goes by underground.
41．The young have a completely different set of (价值观) and expectations.
42．The (要旨) of the story is that kindness always pays off in the end.
43．Zhu Ting says she will return to her motherland (无论什么时候) she is needed.
44．The desire to succeed (促使) him to work harder than anyone else.
45．We are deeply moved by the (先驱) courage and we must learn from them.
四、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．只要你努力坚持，没有什么是不可能的。
as long as you try and stick to it.
47．当他的答复来了，他们打开它，发现里面有一首诗。
his reply came, they opened it a poem inside.
48．于是，两栋房子之间的那条六尺宽的小巷形成了。
And so the six-chi-wide lane the two houses.
49．当红灯亮起时，一辆接一辆车开始停下来。
When the traffic light was red, , cars began to stop.
50．有些人可能年纪大了，但他们很强壮，一直在努力工作。
Some may be old, but they are strong and hard.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。
lucky cost everyday idea lend they ticket weigh however talent
Lily is a middle school student. She always looks for new ideas from her 51 life.
Lily’s family often goes for a picnic in the village. 52 , they always find it difficult to carry all the food and drinks. One day, while walking around, Lily saw people using large bags. Then, a(n) 53 came to her: Why not make a special bag for picnics
She began her invention journey. First, she searched for things at home. 54 , she found some old fabric and ropes (织物和绳索). They didn’t 55 her any money. Next, she asked her brother for help. Her brother always offers to 56 a hand when she has ideas. Lily measured (测量) the fabric carefully. She wanted the bag to be big enough for all the picnic things. After making the bag, she checked how heavy it was. To her joy, it only 57 three kilograms.
Now, Lily’s family can enjoy picnics more easily. Her invention shows that everyone has a great 58 . By noticing daily life, we can find problems and solve 59 . Perhaps in the future, Lily’s bag will be sold in shops, and people might buy 60 to a special exhibition where they can see her great work! And more and more people will learn from Lily to create wonderful things from their daily lives.
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
American Thomas Edison (1847—1931) was one of the greatest 61 (invent) in the world. He made over 2000 inventions in his life. The most famous one was the light bulb.
Thomas Edison spent a long time making the light bulb. He tried over 1,600 different kinds of materials 62 (get) the right filament (灯丝) for the light bulb. He used things like the hair from 63 man’s beard (胡须). Some people didn’t think he could make 64 . However, finally he made the first practical light bulb 65 (success).
Edison went to school 66 only three months. His teacher told him that he was so stupid 67 he couldn’t learn anything. But he kept 68 (study) with his 69 (mother) help. He learned everything he needed to know. When Edison worked on a new kind of battery, he tried out 8,000 ways in all. Then he said, “Well, at least we have found 8,000 things that don’t work!”
This is the 70 (long) lasting light bulb in the world. The light has burned for 108 years in California, the USA．The light is still working today.
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
Curiosity helps children learn new things. Here are some easy ways to develop it.
Firstly, ask open-ended questions. Instead of saying, “Is the sky blue ” try, “Why do you think the sky is blue ” This makes children think deeper. Teachers and parents should encourage children to ask questions, too.
Secondly, let children explore. For example, take them to parks or museums. When they see interesting things, they will ask, “What is this ” or “How does it work ” Do-it-yourself activities like planting seeds or building blocks also arouse (激发) curiosity. Children can plant little tomato seeds in pots, and they will be excited to see them grow day by day.
Thirdly, read fun books. Stories about science, nature, or adventures can arouse children’s curiosity. After reading, you can discuss the book with them. Ask, “What would you do if you were the character (人物) ” A story about a brave explorer can make kids think about what they would discover in a new land.
Finally, praise their efforts (努力). When a child asks a good question, say, “That’s a great thought!” This makes him or her feel confident to explore more.
Curiosity is like a seed. With the right care, it will grow into a love for learning.
71．What can make children think deeper according to the passage
72．Where can we take children to explore
73．What kinds of books can arouse children’s curiosity
74．How many ways to develop curiosity are there in the passage
75．Which English word means “表扬” in the passage
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．假定你是李华，你在科技展上了解了各种各样的发明。请你根据下表内容，用英语写一篇短文，向大家介绍历史上的一些重大发明。
Invention When Who Uses
digital camera (数码相机) 1975 Steven Sasson taking photos
telephone 1876 Alexander Graham Bell communication
train 1814 George Stephenson going travelling
要求：1.词数为60左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文讲述了早餐麦片的发明者Will Keith Kellogg的故事，包括他的创业历程和对社会的贡献。
1．句意：如果你吃了麦片，你并不孤单。
alone独自的；lazy懒惰的；sick生病的；careless粗心的。根据“Millions of people eat breakfast cereal every day.”可知，吃麦片的人很多，A项符合。故选A。
2．句意：它始于一个叫Will Keith Kellogg的人。
finished完成；worked工作；started开始；filled填满。根据后文Will发明麦片的故事，此处应表示“麦片始于他”。故选C。
3．句意：他在疗养院获得了第一份工作。
gift礼物；job工作；prize奖品；name名字。根据“Will worked hard”可知，此处指工作。故选B。
4．句意：Will努力工作，最终成为了疗养院的经理。
normally通常；probably可能；recently最近；finally最终。根据“worked hard”和晋升的逻辑可知，此处指最终成为了疗养院的经理。故选D。
5．句意：疗养院的一个大问题是病人的食物。
problem问题；change改变；chance机会；reason原因。后文提到食物需要健康和美味，说明这是一个需要解决的问题。故选A。
6．句意：患者需要健康的食物，但食物美味也很重要。
traditional传统的；wrong错误的；healthy健康的；expensive昂贵的。根据常识可知，疗养院的病人需要健康的食物。故选C。
7．句意：Will试图找到一个好办法来代替面包，但进展不太顺利。
way方法；deal交易；reply回复；competition竞争。根据“… to take the place of bread”的语境可知，此处指代替面包的方法。故选A。
8．句意：当它被擀平时，它变成了又大又薄的薄片。
looked for寻找；turned into变成；dealt with处理；gave out分发。小麦经过加工“变成”薄片，B项符合。故选B。
9．句意：他让他的兄弟把这些薄片端给病人，他们很喜欢它们！
serve端上；provide提供；remind提醒；try尝试。根据“they loved them”可知，此处指把这些薄片端给病人食用。故选A。
10．句意：他们非常喜欢它们，甚至在离开疗养院后也想吃这些薄片。
since自从；after在……之后；while当……时；or或者。此处指喜爱这些薄片的程度，指在离开疗养院后也想吃这些薄片。故选B。
11．句意：于是Will开始了新的业务——销售包装好的早餐麦片。
housework家务；agreement协议；business业务；discussion讨论。销售麦片属于“业务”。故选C。
12．句意：不久，Will的早餐麦片在其他国家也很受欢迎。
crazy疯狂的；popular流行的；fresh新鲜的；modern现代的。销售到其他国家，应是说明早餐麦片受欢迎。故选B。
13．句意：他的生意帮他赚了很多钱，但他没有留着这些钱。
His他的；Her她的；My我的；Your你的。此处指Will的生意，His符合。故选A。
14．句意：他还用这笔钱帮助了其他几个组织。
fix修理；introduce介绍；help帮助；raise筹集。根据“He used much of it to help children.”以及“He also used the money to…several other organizations.”的语境可知，此处指他用钱帮助儿童和其他几个组织。故选C。
15．句意：然而，他的发明一直很出名。
Anyway无论如何；Also也；Besides此外；However然而。根据“Will Keith Kellogg died in 1951…his invention is always famous.”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，However符合。故选D。
16．B 17．C 18．C 19．D 20．A
【导语】本文主要介绍机器狗在泰山工作的情况。
16．细节理解题。根据“They can walk, run, and carry things like real dogs.”可知，机器狗可以像真正的狗一样走路、跑步和搬运东西。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“But with so many visitors, keeping the mountain clean is a difficult job. The steep paths (陡峭的路径) make it hard to carry away the litter (垃圾).”可知，因为路很陡，而且游客很多，所以保持泰山清洁很困难。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“They can work for 4 to 6 hours after they are recharged (充电).”可知，机器狗充电后能工作4到6个小时。故选C。
19．词句猜测题。根据“People stop to take pictures and are excited to see them.”可知，人们驻足拍照，并为能亲眼目睹它们而感到兴奋，说明这些机器人很受欢迎，“The robots are a hit with the visitors, too”意为“这些机器人很受游客欢迎”。故选D。
20．主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍机器狗在泰山工作的情况，它们帮助保持泰山清洁。故选A。
21．A 22．D 23．B 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Tom向老师询问一个人应该有多少朋友，老师没有直接回答，而是通过让Tom尝试摘苹果的经历，引导他明白朋友多的重要性，因为朋友间可以互相帮助解决问题。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Get me that red apple from the highest branch (树枝) of the tree.”可知，老师最初让Tom去给他摘那个红苹果。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Tom looked up and said”，第六段“Tom called another student and stood on his shoulders (肩膀) to reach the branch.”，第七段“They stood on each other’s shoulders, trying to make a human pyramid (金字塔).”以及第八段“Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder (梯子) and Tom finally picked the apple.”可知，Tom先是抬头看树上的苹果，然后站在朋友的肩膀上，接着他们尝试搭人梯，最后有人拿来了梯子，Tom爬梯子摘到了苹果。所以正确的顺序是①④③②。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据文章中老师通过让Tom摘苹果的经历，引导他明白朋友多的重要性，可以看出老师是一个聪明的人，能够用巧妙的方式教育学生。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Many, so together we can work out any problem.”可知，Tom从摘苹果的经历中学到了朋友多可以更容易地解决问题。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据文章内容，老师没有直接告诉Tom一个人应该有多少朋友，而是通过让他尝试摘苹果的实践活动，引导他自己得出结论。故选C。
26．A 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了MBTI性格测试的起源、用途及其在现实生活中的应用，同时提醒读者应理性看待测试结果。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever heard some people describe themselves as INTJs or ESTPs Do you want to know what these letters mean ”可知，作者通过提问来引入话题。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“The test was developed by Isabel Myers and her mother Katharine Briggs according to their work with Carl Jung’s ideas about personality types.”可知，Isabel Myers和她的母亲Katharine Briggs一起开发了MBTI测试。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“The MBTI is a self-report test developed to help people know about their own personality type, strengths, likes and dislikes.”可知，MBTI测试的主要目的是帮助人们了解自己的性格类型、优点、喜好和厌恶。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“People take the test and it can help them to learn about what the best jobs are for each MBTI type.”可知，人们参加测试可以帮助他们了解每种MBTI类型最适合的工作。因此，空格处应填入与MBTI测试帮助人们选择合适工作相关的句子。选项C“People use the MBTI as a way to help them choose the right job.”符合语境。故选C。
30．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The MBTI personality test may show us something we don’t know about ourselves. But we should not take its result too seriously. Who we are is shaped by our thoughts, values and daily behaviours. The result of the test can’t define (定义) who we are.”可知，作者想告诉我们的是，MBTI测试可能揭示出我们自己不知道的一些事情，但我们不应该过于重视其结果，因为我们的身份是由我们的思想、价值观和日常行为塑造的，测试结果不能定义我们是谁。即我们不应该用一个简单的测试来定义自己。故选B。
31．E 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了科学技术近年来为人们生活带来的诸多便利。
31．根据“And the speed of development of technology is faster than before.”及下文内容可知，此处应引出科学技术给人们生活带来诸多便利的话题介绍。选项E“让我来告诉你们，新技术是如何改变我们的。”符合语境。故选E。
32．根据“We used to turn on a machine by hand, but now voice recognition (识别) is changing users’ experience and our daily lives.”可知，此处应进一步介绍使用机器的方法。选项C“我们只需要和机器说话，它就能按照我们说的去做。”符合语境。故选C。
33．根据“We can buy products on the internet. We can pay with our phones. We can order meals, book tickets, and even call a taxi all from our phones.”可知，此处应指科学技术在购物和付费方面的影响。选项B“科技已经使购物和支付变得更加便捷。”符合语境。故选B。
34．根据“There’s no need to store personal and business information on our hard drives (硬盘驱动器), pen drives or DVDs.”可知，此处应进一步介绍最适宜存储个人及商业信息的方式。选项A“将其发送到云存储可能是最好的方法。”符合语境。故选A。
35．根据“In this way, we don’t need to buy the business program or spend time storing it on our computers.”可知，此处应解释为什么云存储是一个好方法。选项F“这是因为云存储可以在任何时间和任何地点使用。”符合语境。故选F。
36．successfully
【解析】句意：中国周四成功发射了两颗新卫星。此处应用副词修饰动词launched，应用successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。
37．relatives
【解析】句意：我的一些亲戚很擅长交谈，我想向他们学习如何更好地交流。根据“Some of ... ”后接可数名词复数形式可知，relative“亲戚”的复数是relatives。故填relatives。
38．poems
【解析】句意：有时候，我想和同学们分享一些诗，但我太害羞不敢说出来。poem“诗”，可数名词。“some”后面通常跟可数名词的复数形式，因此用poem的复数形式poems。故填poems。
39．interesting
【解析】句意：吴老师教我们英语，他总是让他的课堂有趣且生动。根据“makes his class...and lively”可知，横线处需填形容词作宾语补足语，interest“兴趣”，名词，其形容词形式有两种，分别为interesting和interested，此处用来修饰his class，应用interesting。故填interesting。
40．sometimes
【解析】句意：他叔叔经常乘公共汽车上班，但有时他乘地铁。根据“His uncle often...”可知，此处表示频度，应使用副词sometimes“有时”。故填sometimes。
41．values
【解析】句意：年轻人有一套完全不同的价值观和期望。“价值观”value，作此含义时常以复数形式出现。故填values。
42．message
【解析】句意：这个故事的要旨是善良最终总会得到回报。根据汉语提示可知，message“要旨”，名词，在句中作主语，谓语为is，此处用单数形式。故填message。
43．whenever
【解析】句意：朱婷说，无论何时需要她，她都会回到祖国。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填whenever“无论什么时候”，引导时间状语从句。故填whenever。
44．drives/drove
【解析】句意：对成功的渴望促使他比其他任何人都更加努力地工作。drive“促使”，动词，在句中作谓语；根据句意可知，此处可以使用一般现在时，用于陈述事实，主语“The desire to succeed”是第三人称单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式drives；也可以使用一般过去时，用于陈述过去发生的事情，此时动词使用过去式drove。故填drives/drove。
45．pioneers’
【解析】句意：我们被先驱们的勇气深深打动，并且必须向他们学习。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查pioneer“先驱”，可数名词；空格后courage“勇气”是名词，需用形容词或名词所有格修饰，表示“某人的勇气”；又根据下文“them”可知，“先驱”不止一位，需用复数形式pioneers；结合“……的勇气”的所属关系，这里应用复数名词的所有格形式pioneers’，表示“先驱们的”，符合“被先驱们的勇气深深打动”的语境。故填pioneers’。
46．Nothing is impossible
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，nothing is impossible意为“没什么是不可能的”，固定搭配。故填Nothing；is；impossible。
47．When to find
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，第一空缺少 “当……时候”，引导时间状语从句且位于句首，首字母需大写，对应的英文表达为When；find“发现”，分析句子可知，此处是动词不定式作状语。故填When；to；find。
48．came between
【解析】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“形成”以及“在……之间”。“形成”在这里可以用“come”表示，且句子时态为一般过去时，所以“come”要用过去式“came”；“在……之间”用“between”表示，用于两者之间。故填came；between。
49．one after another
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“一辆接一辆”，是固定短语，作状语，用“one after another”来表达。故填one；after；another。
50．keep working
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“一直”和“工作”，keep doing sth.“一直做某事”，“工作”work，动名词形式working。keep与are保持一致，用原形即可。故填keep；working。
51．everyday 52．However 53．idea 54．Luckily 55．cost 56．lend 57．weighed 58．talent 59．them 60．tickets
【导语】本文主要讲述了中学生Lily从日常生活中寻找新想法，发明了一个用于野餐的特殊袋子，使得野餐更加便利，展示了每个人的创造才能。
51．句意：她总是从她的日常生活中寻找新的想法。根据“looks for new ideas from her...life”及所给单词可知，此处是指从日常生活中寻找新的想法，用everyday表示“日常的”，作定语修饰名词life。故填everyday。
52．句意：然而，他们总是发现很难携带所有的食物和饮料。根据“Lily’s family often goes for a picnic in the village”及“they always find it difficult to carry all the food and drinks”可知，前后句是转折关系，用however表示“然而”，句首字母大写。故填However。
53．句意：然后，她想到了一个主意。根据“Why not make a special bag for picnics ”及所给单词可知，此处是指她想到了一个主意，用idea表示“主意”，an后跟可数名词单数。故填idea。
54．句意：幸运的是，她找到了一些旧织物和绳索。根据“she found some old fabric and ropes”及所给单词可知，此处是指幸运的是，她找到了一些旧织物和绳索，用lucky的副词形式luckily表示“幸运地”，作状语，句首字母大写。故填Luckily。
55．句意：它们没有花费她任何钱。根据“They didn’t...her any money”及所给单词可知，此处是指它们没有花费她任何钱，用cost表示“花费”，didn’t后跟动词原形。故填cost。
56．句意：当她有想法时，她哥哥总是主动帮忙。根据“Her brother always offers to...a hand”及所给单词可知，此处是指她哥哥总是主动帮忙，用lend表示“借出”，lend a hand“帮忙”，offer to do sth.“主动做某事”，所以空处用动词原形。故填lend。
57．句意：令她高兴的是，它只有三公斤重。根据“it only...three kilograms”及所给单词可知，此处是指它只有三公斤重，用weigh表示“重量为”，根据“checked”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式weighed。故填weighed。
58．句意：她的发明表明每个人都有巨大的才能。根据“Her invention shows that everyone has a great...”及所给单词可知，此处是指她的发明表明每个人都有巨大的才能，用talent表示“才能”，a后跟可数名词单数。故填talent。
59．句意：通过关注日常生活，我们可以发现问题并解决它们。根据“we can find problems and solve...”及所给单词可知，此处是指解决问题，用they的宾格形式them指代problems，作solve的宾语。故填them。
60．句意：也许在未来，Lily的袋子会在商店里出售，人们可能会买票去一个特别展览，在那里他们可以看到她的伟大作品！根据“people might buy...to a special exhibition”及所给单词可知，此处是指人们可能会买票去一个特别展览，用ticket的复数形式tickets表示“票”，作buy的宾语。故填tickets。
61．inventors 62．to get 63．a 64．it 65．successfully 66．for 67．that 68．studying 69．mother’s 70．longest
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了发明家托马斯·爱迪生的生平，包括他的发明、制作灯泡的过程、短暂的上学经历、在母亲帮助下学习的情况等。
61．句意：美国的托马斯·爱迪生（1847—1931）是世界上最伟大的发明家之一。根据“He made over 2000 inventions in his life”可知，他一生有2000多项发明，由此可判断他是发明家。“invent”是动词，意为“发明”，其名词形式“inventor”表示“发明家”，“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，需用“inventor”的复数形式“inventors”。故填inventors。
62．句意：为了获得适合灯泡的灯丝，他尝试了1600多种不同的材料。根据“Thomas Edison spent a long time making the light bulb”可知，爱迪生花了很长时间制作灯泡，尝试不同材料的目的就是得到合适的灯丝。此处用动词不定式表目的，“get”意为“获得，得到”，其不定式形式“to get”符合语境。故填to get。
63．句意：他用了像一个男人胡须上的毛发之类的东西。文章此处只是泛指“一个男人的胡须”，并非特指某个人，所以用不定冠词。“man”是以辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词需用“a”。故填a。
64．句意：有些人认为他做不出来（灯泡）。根据前文“The most famous one was the light bulb”以及“Thomas Edison spent a long time making the light bulb”可知，爱迪生一直在努力制作灯泡，此处“有些人认为他做不出来”中的“做不出来”指的就是做不出前文提到的“灯泡”，为避免重复，用代词“it”指代“the light bulb”。故填it。
65．句意：然而，最终他成功地制作出了第一个实用的灯泡。根据后文内容可知，爱迪生确实做出了灯泡，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“made”，表示“成功地制作”。“success”是名词，意为“成功”，其副词形式“successfully”表示“成功地”，符合语境。故填successfully。
66．句意：爱迪生只上了三个月学。根据“only three months”可知，此处是表示一段时间，“for + 时间段”是常用搭配，用于说明动作持续的时间，此处指“上学的时间持续了三个月”，所以用介词“for”。故填for。
67．句意：他的老师告诉他，他太笨了，什么都学不会。根据“so stupid”以及“he couldn’t learn anything”可知，此处是“so...that...”的句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句。故填that。
68．句意：但在他母亲的帮助下，他坚持学习。根据“kept”可知，“keep doing sth”意为“坚持做某事”，所以此处需用“study”的动名词形式“studying”。故填studying。
69．句意：但在他母亲的帮助下，他坚持学习。根据“help”可知，此处需要用名词所有格来表示“……的帮助”，“mother”的名词所有格形式“mother’s”，“with one’s help”意为“在某人的帮助下”，符合语境。故填mother’s。
70． 句意：这是世界上使用寿命最长的灯泡。根据“in the world”可知，此处是在世界范围内进行比较，需用形容词的最高级形式。“long”的最高级形式“longest”，“the longest lasting”表示“使用寿命最长的”。故填longest。
71．Asking open-ended questions. 72．We can take them to parks or museums. 73．Books about science, nature, or adventures can arouse children’s curiosity. 74．Four./4./There are 4/four ways to develop curiosity. 75．It’s (the word) “praise”./Praise.
【导语】本文介绍了好奇心对孩子们成长的重要性，并提供了一些方法来支持孩子们的成长。
71．根据“Firstly, ask open-ended questions … This makes children think deeper.”可知，提出开放式问题可以让孩子思考得更深入。故填Asking open-ended questions.
72．根据“Secondly, let children explore. For example, take them to parks or museums.”可知，我们可以带孩子去公园或博物馆探索。故填We can take them to parks or museums.
73．根据“Thirdly, read fun books. Stories about science, nature, or adventures can arouse children’s curiosity.”可知，关于科学、自然或冒险的书籍能够激发孩子们的好奇心。故填Books about science, nature, or adventures can arouse children’s curiosity.
74．根据“Firstly, ask open-ended questions.”、“Secondly, let children explore.”、“Thirdly, read fun books.”以及“Finally, praise their efforts (努力).”可知，文中提出了四种培养好奇心的方法。故填Four./4./There are 4/four ways to develop curiosity.
75．根据“Finally, praise their efforts (努力). When a child asks a good question, say, ‘That’s a great thought!’ This makes him or her feel confident to explore more.”可知，要表扬孩子们的努力，当他们问了一个好问题时，说一些表扬的话，让他们有信心去探索更多。praise意为“表扬”。故填It’s (the word) “praise”./Praise.
76．例文
There are many inventions that have brought great changes in the world. Here are some examples.
For example, the digital camera was invented by Steven Sasson in 1975, and it’s used for taking photos. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. It’s used for communication. As for the train, it was developed by George Stephenson. Many people take the train to go travelling or move from one place to another.
These inventions are so important and great. They not only help us in our lives but also bring us much fun. So we should study hard and try to invent more useful things.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏信息，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍世界上有很多重要的发明；
第二步，详细介绍表格中提到的发明的相关信息；
第三步，总结全文，再次点明这些发明的重要性。
[亮点词汇]
①be used for被用于
②as for至于
③not only … but also …不但……而且……
[高分句型]
There are many inventions that have brought great changes in the world.（there be句型和定语从句）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语外研版（2024）Unit 1-Unit 3
阶段核心素养培优卷
本试卷共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Did you have cereal (麦片) for breakfast this morning If you did, you’re not 1 . Millions of people eat breakfast cereal every day. It 2 with a man called Will Keith Kellogg.
Will was born on April 7, 1860 in the USA．He got his first 3 at a sanitarium (疗养院). Will worked hard and 4 became the manager of the sanitarium. His brother, John, was a doctor there. One big 5 at the sanitarium was the patients’ food. The patients needed 6 food, but it was also important that the food should be delicious. Will tried to find a good 7 to take the place of bread, but it wasn’t going very well. Then, by accident, Will found something great. He cooked some wheat for a long time. As it was rolled out (擀平), it 8 large and thin flakes (薄片). He asked his brother to 9 the flakes to the patients, and they loved them! They liked them so much that they wanted to eat the flakes even 10 they left the sanitarium. So Will started new 11 —selling packaged breakfast cereal. Before long, Will’s breakfast cereal was 12 in other countries, too.
Will did more than just selling breakfast cereal. 13 business helped him make a lot of money, but he didn’t keep the money. He used much of it to help children. He also used the money to 14 several other organizations. Will Keith Kellogg died in 1951. 15 , his invention is always famous. He is really a good inventor!
1．A．alone B．lazy C．sick D．careless
2．A．finished B．worked C．started D．filled
3．A．gift B．job C．prize D．name
4．A．normally B．probably C．recently D．finally
5．A．problem B．change C．chance D．reason
6．A．traditional B．wrong C．healthy D．expensive
7．A．way B．deal C．reply D．competition
8．A．looked for B．turned into C．dealt with D．gave out
9．A．serve B．provide C．remind D．try
10．A．since B．after C．while D．or
11．A．housework B．agreement C．business D．discussion
12．A．crazy B．popular C．fresh D．modern
13．A．His B．Her C．My D．Your
14．A．fix B．introduce C．help D．raise
15．A．Anyway B．Also C．Besides D．However
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
Robot dogs are smart helpers. They can walk, run, and carry things like real dogs. They are even used to do difficult jobs. Mount Taishan is trying these robot dogs!
Mount Taishan is a very famous place that lots of people come to visit. But with so many visitors, keeping the mountain clean is a difficult job. The steep paths (陡峭的路径) make it hard to carry away the litter (垃圾).
The team whose job was to keep the mountain clean thought that it might be a good idea to let the robot dogs do this job. These robots can carry 30 to 40 kilograms of litter and climb the mountain much faster than most people. They can work for 4 to 6 hours after they are recharged (充电).
The robots are a hit with the visitors, too. People stop to take pictures and are excited to see them. “I see it climbing and even take a photo with it. It’s really eye-catching,” said Wang Yang, a visitor from Harbin. “It would be even more amazing if it could carry people up the mountain in the future.”
The team is still working to make the robot dogs even better. They hope these robot helpers will soon be a common sight on Mount Taishan.
16．What can robot dogs do like real dogs
A．Swim in the water. B．Walk, run, and carry things.
C．Jump high and talk to people. D．Sing and dance for people.
17．Why is it hard to keep Mount Taishan clean
A．Because there are too many tall trees.
B．Because there is too much litter on the mountain.
C．Because the paths are steep and there are many visitors.
D．Because the cleaners are new and they don’t know what to do.
18．How long can the robot dogs work after they’re recharged
A．For 2 to 4 hours. B．For 3 to 5 hours.
C．For 4 to 6 hours. D．For 5 to 7 hours.
19．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean
A．The robots are lonely. B．The robots are friendly.
C．The robots are useful. D．The robots are popular.
20．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Robot dogs help keep Mount Taishan clean.
B．Mount Taishan is very beautiful and attracts many visitors.
C．Visitors like taking pictures with robot dogs on Mount Taishan.
D．The team is improving robot dogs better to carry people up the mountain.
B
Tom came to his teacher and asked him, “Sir, I have a question. How many friends should a person have—one or many ”
“It is very simple,” the teacher answered. “Get me that red apple from the highest branch (树枝) of the tree.”
Tom looked up and said, “It’s too high! I can’t reach it.”
“Ask a friend. Maybe he can help,” the teacher suggested.
Tom called another student and stood on his shoulders (肩膀) to reach the branch. “I still can’t reach it, sir,” said Tom sadly after the first try.
“Don’t you have more friends ” the teacher smiled.
Tom asked more friends to come over. They stood on each other’s shoulders, trying to make a human pyramid (金字塔). But the apple was so high that they couldn’t go higher and the pyramid fell. Tom still couldn’t reach the apple.
Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder (梯子) and Tom finally picked the apple.
After getting the apple, the teacher asked, “So, do you understand how many friends a person needs ”
“Yes, I do,” Tom said. “Many, so together we can work out any problem.”
“Sounds good,” the teacher said. “You need as many friends as you can. Among them, there will be at least one smart person who can think of a good idea, like getting a ladder!”
21．What did the teacher ask Tom to do at first
A．To pick the red apple for him. B．To find the answer in books.
C．To do his homework. D．To work with Tom’s friends.
22．Which of the following is the right order of Tom’s picking the apple
①looked up under the tree ②climbed the ladder
③made a human pyramid ④stood on his friend’s shoulders
A．①②③④ B．②③①④ C．④①③② D．①④③②
23．What word can best describe the teacher
A．Strict. B．Clever. C．Funny. D．Tidy.
24．What can Tom learn about friends from his experience of picking the apple
A．Friends are only useful when they are smart.
B．Having many friends makes it easier to solve problems.
C．One should always depend on oneself rather than on friends.
D．Being friendly to all people is important, not just friends.
25．How did the teacher answer Tom’s question
A．By telling him a story about apples. B．By simply telling him the answer.
C．By asking him to learn by doing. D．By drawing an apple tree.
C
Have you ever heard some people describe themselves as INTJs or ESTPs Do you want to know what these letters mean
These people describe themselves in terms of the personality types classified (分类) by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The test was developed by Isabel Myers and her mother Katharine Briggs according to their work with Carl Jung’s ideas about personality types.
The MBTI is a self-report test developed to help people know about their own personality type, strengths, likes and dislikes. It is not used to test your mental (精神的) health. There are no right or wrong answers. No one personality type is the best or the worst.
In recent years, the MBTI has been used in more and more areas. ▲ People take the test and it can help them to learn about what the best jobs are for each MBTI type. For example, ESTPs can easily go into marketing (营销), while ISTPs should become engineers. However, we should know that it is only a guide, and it cannot decide our dream jobs.
The MBTI personality test may show us something we don’t know about ourselves. But we should not take its result too seriously. Who we are is shaped by our thoughts, values and daily behaviours. The result of the test can’t define (定义) who we are.
26．How does the writer start this passage
A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By showing opinions.
27．Who worked with Isabel Myers to create the MBTI
A．Her mother. B．Her father. C．Her son. D．Her husband.
28．What is the main purpose of the MBTI test
A．To get a dream job. B．To test mental health.
C．To understand personality. D．To make more friends.
29．Which sentence can be put in the ▲
A．Sellers use the MBTI to meet their customers’ needs.
B．People treat the MBTI as a useful tool for learning about others.
C．People use the MBTI as a way to help them choose the right job.
D．It is also getting more and more popular in other foreign countries.
30．What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．The MBTI is important for people to know who they are.
B．We should not define ourselves by a simple test.
C．The MBTI is a good topic to share with our friends.
D．We need to set good values and become nice people.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Technology is developing at a surprising speed. Products that were invented years ago are now becoming very common. And the speed of development of technology is faster than before. 31
We used to turn on a machine by hand, but now voice recognition (识别) is changing users’ experience and our daily lives. 32 Besides, our smartphones can also make our phone calls much easier and faster.
33 We can buy products on the internet. We can pay with our phones. We can order meals, book tickets, and even call a taxi all from our phones.
There’s no need to store personal and business information on our hard drives (硬盘驱动器), pen drives or DVDs. 34 In this way, we don’t need to buy the business program or spend time storing it on our computers. 35
More and more technologies will be developed, and our lives will change along with them.
A．Sending it to the cloud storage may be the best way.
B．Technology has made shopping and payment much more convenient.
C．We just need to speak to the machine and it can do as we tell it.
D．But the technology doesn’t always bring good things to people.
E．Let me tell you how new technologies are making a difference to us.
F．That’s because cloud storage can be used at any time and any place.
G．Many factories have begun to use robots instead of workers.
三、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．China (successful) launched (发射) two new satellites on Thursday.
37．Some of my (relative) are good at talking, and I want to learn how to communicate better from them.
38．Sometimes, I want to share some (poem) with my classmates, but I’m too shy to speak up.
39．Mr. Wu teaches us English and he always makes his class (interest) and lively.
40．His uncle often goes to work by bus, but (sometime) he goes by underground.
41．The young have a completely different set of (价值观) and expectations.
42．The (要旨) of the story is that kindness always pays off in the end.
43．Zhu Ting says she will return to her motherland (无论什么时候) she is needed.
44．The desire to succeed (促使) him to work harder than anyone else.
45．We are deeply moved by the (先驱) courage and we must learn from them.
四、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．只要你努力坚持，没有什么是不可能的。
as long as you try and stick to it.
47．当他的答复来了，他们打开它，发现里面有一首诗。
his reply came, they opened it a poem inside.
48．于是，两栋房子之间的那条六尺宽的小巷形成了。
And so the six-chi-wide lane the two houses.
49．当红灯亮起时，一辆接一辆车开始停下来。
When the traffic light was red, , cars began to stop.
50．有些人可能年纪大了，但他们很强壮，一直在努力工作。
Some may be old, but they are strong and hard.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。
lucky cost everyday idea lend they ticket weigh however talent
Lily is a middle school student. She always looks for new ideas from her 51 life.
Lily’s family often goes for a picnic in the village. 52 , they always find it difficult to carry all the food and drinks. One day, while walking around, Lily saw people using large bags. Then, a(n) 53 came to her: Why not make a special bag for picnics
She began her invention journey. First, she searched for things at home. 54 , she found some old fabric and ropes (织物和绳索). They didn’t 55 her any money. Next, she asked her brother for help. Her brother always offers to 56 a hand when she has ideas. Lily measured (测量) the fabric carefully. She wanted the bag to be big enough for all the picnic things. After making the bag, she checked how heavy it was. To her joy, it only 57 three kilograms.
Now, Lily’s family can enjoy picnics more easily. Her invention shows that everyone has a great 58 . By noticing daily life, we can find problems and solve 59 . Perhaps in the future, Lily’s bag will be sold in shops, and people might buy 60 to a special exhibition where they can see her great work! And more and more people will learn from Lily to create wonderful things from their daily lives.
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
American Thomas Edison (1847—1931) was one of the greatest 61 (invent) in the world. He made over 2000 inventions in his life. The most famous one was the light bulb.
Thomas Edison spent a long time making the light bulb. He tried over 1,600 different kinds of materials 62 (get) the right filament (灯丝) for the light bulb. He used things like the hair from 63 man’s beard (胡须). Some people didn’t think he could make 64 . However, finally he made the first practical light bulb 65 (success).
Edison went to school 66 only three months. His teacher told him that he was so stupid 67 he couldn’t learn anything. But he kept 68 (study) with his 69 (mother) help. He learned everything he needed to know. When Edison worked on a new kind of battery, he tried out 8,000 ways in all. Then he said, “Well, at least we have found 8,000 things that don’t work!”
This is the 70 (long) lasting light bulb in the world. The light has burned for 108 years in California, the USA．The light is still working today.
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
Curiosity helps children learn new things. Here are some easy ways to develop it.
Firstly, ask open-ended questions. Instead of saying, “Is the sky blue ” try, “Why do you think the sky is blue ” This makes children think deeper. Teachers and parents should encourage children to ask questions, too.
Secondly, let children explore. For example, take them to parks or museums. When they see interesting things, they will ask, “What is this ” or “How does it work ” Do-it-yourself activities like planting seeds or building blocks also arouse (激发) curiosity. Children can plant little tomato seeds in pots, and they will be excited to see them grow day by day.
Thirdly, read fun books. Stories about science, nature, or adventures can arouse children’s curiosity. After reading, you can discuss the book with them. Ask, “What would you do if you were the character (人物) ” A story about a brave explorer can make kids think about what they would discover in a new land.
Finally, praise their efforts (努力). When a child asks a good question, say, “That’s a great thought!” This makes him or her feel confident to explore more.
Curiosity is like a seed. With the right care, it will grow into a love for learning.
71．What can make children think deeper according to the passage
72．Where can we take children to explore
73．What kinds of books can arouse children’s curiosity
74．How many ways to develop curiosity are there in the passage
75．Which English word means “表扬” in the passage
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．假定你是李华，你在科技展上了解了各种各样的发明。请你根据下表内容，用英语写一篇短文，向大家介绍历史上的一些重大发明。
Invention When Who Uses
digital camera (数码相机) 1975 Steven Sasson taking photos
telephone 1876 Alexander Graham Bell communication
train 1814 George Stephenson going travelling
要求：1.词数为60左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文讲述了早餐麦片的发明者Will Keith Kellogg的故事，包括他的创业历程和对社会的贡献。
1．句意：如果你吃了麦片，你并不孤单。
alone独自的；lazy懒惰的；sick生病的；careless粗心的。根据“Millions of people eat breakfast cereal every day.”可知，吃麦片的人很多，A项符合。故选A。
2．句意：它始于一个叫Will Keith Kellogg的人。
finished完成；worked工作；started开始；filled填满。根据后文Will发明麦片的故事，此处应表示“麦片始于他”。故选C。
3．句意：他在疗养院获得了第一份工作。
gift礼物；job工作；prize奖品；name名字。根据“Will worked hard”可知，此处指工作。故选B。
4．句意：Will努力工作，最终成为了疗养院的经理。
normally通常；probably可能；recently最近；finally最终。根据“worked hard”和晋升的逻辑可知，此处指最终成为了疗养院的经理。故选D。
5．句意：疗养院的一个大问题是病人的食物。
problem问题；change改变；chance机会；reason原因。后文提到食物需要健康和美味，说明这是一个需要解决的问题。故选A。
6．句意：患者需要健康的食物，但食物美味也很重要。
traditional传统的；wrong错误的；healthy健康的；expensive昂贵的。根据常识可知，疗养院的病人需要健康的食物。故选C。
7．句意：Will试图找到一个好办法来代替面包，但进展不太顺利。
way方法；deal交易；reply回复；competition竞争。根据“… to take the place of bread”的语境可知，此处指代替面包的方法。故选A。
8．句意：当它被擀平时，它变成了又大又薄的薄片。
looked for寻找；turned into变成；dealt with处理；gave out分发。小麦经过加工“变成”薄片，B项符合。故选B。
9．句意：他让他的兄弟把这些薄片端给病人，他们很喜欢它们！
serve端上；provide提供；remind提醒；try尝试。根据“they loved them”可知，此处指把这些薄片端给病人食用。故选A。
10．句意：他们非常喜欢它们，甚至在离开疗养院后也想吃这些薄片。
since自从；after在……之后；while当……时；or或者。此处指喜爱这些薄片的程度，指在离开疗养院后也想吃这些薄片。故选B。
11．句意：于是Will开始了新的业务——销售包装好的早餐麦片。
housework家务；agreement协议；business业务；discussion讨论。销售麦片属于“业务”。故选C。
12．句意：不久，Will的早餐麦片在其他国家也很受欢迎。
crazy疯狂的；popular流行的；fresh新鲜的；modern现代的。销售到其他国家，应是说明早餐麦片受欢迎。故选B。
13．句意：他的生意帮他赚了很多钱，但他没有留着这些钱。
His他的；Her她的；My我的；Your你的。此处指Will的生意，His符合。故选A。
14．句意：他还用这笔钱帮助了其他几个组织。
fix修理；introduce介绍；help帮助；raise筹集。根据“He used much of it to help children.”以及“He also used the money to…several other organizations.”的语境可知，此处指他用钱帮助儿童和其他几个组织。故选C。
15．句意：然而，他的发明一直很出名。
Anyway无论如何；Also也；Besides此外；However然而。根据“Will Keith Kellogg died in 1951…his invention is always famous.”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，However符合。故选D。
16．B 17．C 18．C 19．D 20．A
【导语】本文主要介绍机器狗在泰山工作的情况。
16．细节理解题。根据“They can walk, run, and carry things like real dogs.”可知，机器狗可以像真正的狗一样走路、跑步和搬运东西。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“But with so many visitors, keeping the mountain clean is a difficult job. The steep paths (陡峭的路径) make it hard to carry away the litter (垃圾).”可知，因为路很陡，而且游客很多，所以保持泰山清洁很困难。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“They can work for 4 to 6 hours after they are recharged (充电).”可知，机器狗充电后能工作4到6个小时。故选C。
19．词句猜测题。根据“People stop to take pictures and are excited to see them.”可知，人们驻足拍照，并为能亲眼目睹它们而感到兴奋，说明这些机器人很受欢迎，“The robots are a hit with the visitors, too”意为“这些机器人很受游客欢迎”。故选D。
20．主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍机器狗在泰山工作的情况，它们帮助保持泰山清洁。故选A。
21．A 22．D 23．B 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Tom向老师询问一个人应该有多少朋友，老师没有直接回答，而是通过让Tom尝试摘苹果的经历，引导他明白朋友多的重要性，因为朋友间可以互相帮助解决问题。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Get me that red apple from the highest branch (树枝) of the tree.”可知，老师最初让Tom去给他摘那个红苹果。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Tom looked up and said”，第六段“Tom called another student and stood on his shoulders (肩膀) to reach the branch.”，第七段“They stood on each other’s shoulders, trying to make a human pyramid (金字塔).”以及第八段“Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder (梯子) and Tom finally picked the apple.”可知，Tom先是抬头看树上的苹果，然后站在朋友的肩膀上，接着他们尝试搭人梯，最后有人拿来了梯子，Tom爬梯子摘到了苹果。所以正确的顺序是①④③②。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据文章中老师通过让Tom摘苹果的经历，引导他明白朋友多的重要性，可以看出老师是一个聪明的人，能够用巧妙的方式教育学生。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Many, so together we can work out any problem.”可知，Tom从摘苹果的经历中学到了朋友多可以更容易地解决问题。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据文章内容，老师没有直接告诉Tom一个人应该有多少朋友，而是通过让他尝试摘苹果的实践活动，引导他自己得出结论。故选C。
26．A 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了MBTI性格测试的起源、用途及其在现实生活中的应用，同时提醒读者应理性看待测试结果。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever heard some people describe themselves as INTJs or ESTPs Do you want to know what these letters mean ”可知，作者通过提问来引入话题。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“The test was developed by Isabel Myers and her mother Katharine Briggs according to their work with Carl Jung’s ideas about personality types.”可知，Isabel Myers和她的母亲Katharine Briggs一起开发了MBTI测试。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“The MBTI is a self-report test developed to help people know about their own personality type, strengths, likes and dislikes.”可知，MBTI测试的主要目的是帮助人们了解自己的性格类型、优点、喜好和厌恶。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“People take the test and it can help them to learn about what the best jobs are for each MBTI type.”可知，人们参加测试可以帮助他们了解每种MBTI类型最适合的工作。因此，空格处应填入与MBTI测试帮助人们选择合适工作相关的句子。选项C“People use the MBTI as a way to help them choose the right job.”符合语境。故选C。
30．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The MBTI personality test may show us something we don’t know about ourselves. But we should not take its result too seriously. Who we are is shaped by our thoughts, values and daily behaviours. The result of the test can’t define (定义) who we are.”可知，作者想告诉我们的是，MBTI测试可能揭示出我们自己不知道的一些事情，但我们不应该过于重视其结果，因为我们的身份是由我们的思想、价值观和日常行为塑造的，测试结果不能定义我们是谁。即我们不应该用一个简单的测试来定义自己。故选B。
31．E 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了科学技术近年来为人们生活带来的诸多便利。
31．根据“And the speed of development of technology is faster than before.”及下文内容可知，此处应引出科学技术给人们生活带来诸多便利的话题介绍。选项E“让我来告诉你们，新技术是如何改变我们的。”符合语境。故选E。
32．根据“We used to turn on a machine by hand, but now voice recognition (识别) is changing users’ experience and our daily lives.”可知，此处应进一步介绍使用机器的方法。选项C“我们只需要和机器说话，它就能按照我们说的去做。”符合语境。故选C。
33．根据“We can buy products on the internet. We can pay with our phones. We can order meals, book tickets, and even call a taxi all from our phones.”可知，此处应指科学技术在购物和付费方面的影响。选项B“科技已经使购物和支付变得更加便捷。”符合语境。故选B。
34．根据“There’s no need to store personal and business information on our hard drives (硬盘驱动器), pen drives or DVDs.”可知，此处应进一步介绍最适宜存储个人及商业信息的方式。选项A“将其发送到云存储可能是最好的方法。”符合语境。故选A。
35．根据“In this way, we don’t need to buy the business program or spend time storing it on our computers.”可知，此处应解释为什么云存储是一个好方法。选项F“这是因为云存储可以在任何时间和任何地点使用。”符合语境。故选F。
36．successfully
【解析】句意：中国周四成功发射了两颗新卫星。此处应用副词修饰动词launched，应用successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。
37．relatives
【解析】句意：我的一些亲戚很擅长交谈，我想向他们学习如何更好地交流。根据“Some of ... ”后接可数名词复数形式可知，relative“亲戚”的复数是relatives。故填relatives。
38．poems
【解析】句意：有时候，我想和同学们分享一些诗，但我太害羞不敢说出来。poem“诗”，可数名词。“some”后面通常跟可数名词的复数形式，因此用poem的复数形式poems。故填poems。
39．interesting
【解析】句意：吴老师教我们英语，他总是让他的课堂有趣且生动。根据“makes his class...and lively”可知，横线处需填形容词作宾语补足语，interest“兴趣”，名词，其形容词形式有两种，分别为interesting和interested，此处用来修饰his class，应用interesting。故填interesting。
40．sometimes
【解析】句意：他叔叔经常乘公共汽车上班，但有时他乘地铁。根据“His uncle often...”可知，此处表示频度，应使用副词sometimes“有时”。故填sometimes。
41．values
【解析】句意：年轻人有一套完全不同的价值观和期望。“价值观”value，作此含义时常以复数形式出现。故填values。
42．message
【解析】句意：这个故事的要旨是善良最终总会得到回报。根据汉语提示可知，message“要旨”，名词，在句中作主语，谓语为is，此处用单数形式。故填message。
43．whenever
【解析】句意：朱婷说，无论何时需要她，她都会回到祖国。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填whenever“无论什么时候”，引导时间状语从句。故填whenever。
44．drives/drove
【解析】句意：对成功的渴望促使他比其他任何人都更加努力地工作。drive“促使”，动词，在句中作谓语；根据句意可知，此处可以使用一般现在时，用于陈述事实，主语“The desire to succeed”是第三人称单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式drives；也可以使用一般过去时，用于陈述过去发生的事情，此时动词使用过去式drove。故填drives/drove。
45．pioneers’
【解析】句意：我们被先驱们的勇气深深打动，并且必须向他们学习。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查pioneer“先驱”，可数名词；空格后courage“勇气”是名词，需用形容词或名词所有格修饰，表示“某人的勇气”；又根据下文“them”可知，“先驱”不止一位，需用复数形式pioneers；结合“……的勇气”的所属关系，这里应用复数名词的所有格形式pioneers’，表示“先驱们的”，符合“被先驱们的勇气深深打动”的语境。故填pioneers’。
46．Nothing is impossible
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，nothing is impossible意为“没什么是不可能的”，固定搭配。故填Nothing；is；impossible。
47．When to find
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，第一空缺少 “当……时候”，引导时间状语从句且位于句首，首字母需大写，对应的英文表达为When；find“发现”，分析句子可知，此处是动词不定式作状语。故填When；to；find。
48．came between
【解析】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“形成”以及“在……之间”。“形成”在这里可以用“come”表示，且句子时态为一般过去时，所以“come”要用过去式“came”；“在……之间”用“between”表示，用于两者之间。故填came；between。
49．one after another
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“一辆接一辆”，是固定短语，作状语，用“one after another”来表达。故填one；after；another。
50．keep working
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“一直”和“工作”，keep doing sth.“一直做某事”，“工作”work，动名词形式working。keep与are保持一致，用原形即可。故填keep；working。
51．everyday 52．However 53．idea 54．Luckily 55．cost 56．lend 57．weighed 58．talent 59．them 60．tickets
【导语】本文主要讲述了中学生Lily从日常生活中寻找新想法，发明了一个用于野餐的特殊袋子，使得野餐更加便利，展示了每个人的创造才能。
51．句意：她总是从她的日常生活中寻找新的想法。根据“looks for new ideas from her...life”及所给单词可知，此处是指从日常生活中寻找新的想法，用everyday表示“日常的”，作定语修饰名词life。故填everyday。
52．句意：然而，他们总是发现很难携带所有的食物和饮料。根据“Lily’s family often goes for a picnic in the village”及“they always find it difficult to carry all the food and drinks”可知，前后句是转折关系，用however表示“然而”，句首字母大写。故填However。
53．句意：然后，她想到了一个主意。根据“Why not make a special bag for picnics ”及所给单词可知，此处是指她想到了一个主意，用idea表示“主意”，an后跟可数名词单数。故填idea。
54．句意：幸运的是，她找到了一些旧织物和绳索。根据“she found some old fabric and ropes”及所给单词可知，此处是指幸运的是，她找到了一些旧织物和绳索，用lucky的副词形式luckily表示“幸运地”，作状语，句首字母大写。故填Luckily。
55．句意：它们没有花费她任何钱。根据“They didn’t...her any money”及所给单词可知，此处是指它们没有花费她任何钱，用cost表示“花费”，didn’t后跟动词原形。故填cost。
56．句意：当她有想法时，她哥哥总是主动帮忙。根据“Her brother always offers to...a hand”及所给单词可知，此处是指她哥哥总是主动帮忙，用lend表示“借出”，lend a hand“帮忙”，offer to do sth.“主动做某事”，所以空处用动词原形。故填lend。
57．句意：令她高兴的是，它只有三公斤重。根据“it only...three kilograms”及所给单词可知，此处是指它只有三公斤重，用weigh表示“重量为”，根据“checked”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式weighed。故填weighed。
58．句意：她的发明表明每个人都有巨大的才能。根据“Her invention shows that everyone has a great...”及所给单词可知，此处是指她的发明表明每个人都有巨大的才能，用talent表示“才能”，a后跟可数名词单数。故填talent。
59．句意：通过关注日常生活，我们可以发现问题并解决它们。根据“we can find problems and solve...”及所给单词可知，此处是指解决问题，用they的宾格形式them指代problems，作solve的宾语。故填them。
60．句意：也许在未来，Lily的袋子会在商店里出售，人们可能会买票去一个特别展览，在那里他们可以看到她的伟大作品！根据“people might buy...to a special exhibition”及所给单词可知，此处是指人们可能会买票去一个特别展览，用ticket的复数形式tickets表示“票”，作buy的宾语。故填tickets。
61．inventors 62．to get 63．a 64．it 65．successfully 66．for 67．that 68．studying 69．mother’s 70．longest
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了发明家托马斯·爱迪生的生平，包括他的发明、制作灯泡的过程、短暂的上学经历、在母亲帮助下学习的情况等。
61．句意：美国的托马斯·爱迪生（1847—1931）是世界上最伟大的发明家之一。根据“He made over 2000 inventions in his life”可知，他一生有2000多项发明，由此可判断他是发明家。“invent”是动词，意为“发明”，其名词形式“inventor”表示“发明家”，“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，需用“inventor”的复数形式“inventors”。故填inventors。
62．句意：为了获得适合灯泡的灯丝，他尝试了1600多种不同的材料。根据“Thomas Edison spent a long time making the light bulb”可知，爱迪生花了很长时间制作灯泡，尝试不同材料的目的就是得到合适的灯丝。此处用动词不定式表目的，“get”意为“获得，得到”，其不定式形式“to get”符合语境。故填to get。
63．句意：他用了像一个男人胡须上的毛发之类的东西。文章此处只是泛指“一个男人的胡须”，并非特指某个人，所以用不定冠词。“man”是以辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词需用“a”。故填a。
64．句意：有些人认为他做不出来（灯泡）。根据前文“The most famous one was the light bulb”以及“Thomas Edison spent a long time making the light bulb”可知，爱迪生一直在努力制作灯泡，此处“有些人认为他做不出来”中的“做不出来”指的就是做不出前文提到的“灯泡”，为避免重复，用代词“it”指代“the light bulb”。故填it。
65．句意：然而，最终他成功地制作出了第一个实用的灯泡。根据后文内容可知，爱迪生确实做出了灯泡，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“made”，表示“成功地制作”。“success”是名词，意为“成功”，其副词形式“successfully”表示“成功地”，符合语境。故填successfully。
66．句意：爱迪生只上了三个月学。根据“only three months”可知，此处是表示一段时间，“for + 时间段”是常用搭配，用于说明动作持续的时间，此处指“上学的时间持续了三个月”，所以用介词“for”。故填for。
67．句意：他的老师告诉他，他太笨了，什么都学不会。根据“so stupid”以及“he couldn’t learn anything”可知，此处是“so...that...”的句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句。故填that。
68．句意：但在他母亲的帮助下，他坚持学习。根据“kept”可知，“keep doing sth”意为“坚持做某事”，所以此处需用“study”的动名词形式“studying”。故填studying。
69．句意：但在他母亲的帮助下，他坚持学习。根据“help”可知，此处需要用名词所有格来表示“……的帮助”，“mother”的名词所有格形式“mother’s”，“with one’s help”意为“在某人的帮助下”，符合语境。故填mother’s。
70． 句意：这是世界上使用寿命最长的灯泡。根据“in the world”可知，此处是在世界范围内进行比较，需用形容词的最高级形式。“long”的最高级形式“longest”，“the longest lasting”表示“使用寿命最长的”。故填longest。
71．Asking open-ended questions. 72．We can take them to parks or museums. 73．Books about science, nature, or adventures can arouse children’s curiosity. 74．Four./4./There are 4/four ways to develop curiosity. 75．It’s (the word) “praise”./Praise.
【导语】本文介绍了好奇心对孩子们成长的重要性，并提供了一些方法来支持孩子们的成长。
71．根据“Firstly, ask open-ended questions … This makes children think deeper.”可知，提出开放式问题可以让孩子思考得更深入。故填Asking open-ended questions.
72．根据“Secondly, let children explore. For example, take them to parks or museums.”可知，我们可以带孩子去公园或博物馆探索。故填We can take them to parks or museums.
73．根据“Thirdly, read fun books. Stories about science, nature, or adventures can arouse children’s curiosity.”可知，关于科学、自然或冒险的书籍能够激发孩子们的好奇心。故填Books about science, nature, or adventures can arouse children’s curiosity.
74．根据“Firstly, ask open-ended questions.”、“Secondly, let children explore.”、“Thirdly, read fun books.”以及“Finally, praise their efforts (努力).”可知，文中提出了四种培养好奇心的方法。故填Four./4./There are 4/four ways to develop curiosity.
75．根据“Finally, praise their efforts (努力). When a child asks a good question, say, ‘That’s a great thought!’ This makes him or her feel confident to explore more.”可知，要表扬孩子们的努力，当他们问了一个好问题时，说一些表扬的话，让他们有信心去探索更多。praise意为“表扬”。故填It’s (the word) “praise”./Praise.
76．例文
There are many inventions that have brought great changes in the world. Here are some examples.
For example, the digital camera was invented by Steven Sasson in 1975, and it’s used for taking photos. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. It’s used for communication. As for the train, it was developed by George Stephenson. Many people take the train to go travelling or move from one place to another.
These inventions are so important and great. They not only help us in our lives but also bring us much fun. So we should study hard and try to invent more useful things.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏信息，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍世界上有很多重要的发明；
第二步，详细介绍表格中提到的发明的相关信息；
第三步，总结全文，再次点明这些发明的重要性。
[亮点词汇]
①be used for被用于
②as for至于
③not only … but also …不但……而且……
[高分句型]
There are many inventions that have brought great changes in the world.（there be句型和定语从句）
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