必修一UNIT 1 Back to school讲义（中）
词句帮 词汇句式详解
Point 1 focus
教材语境 P6 Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 设定目标让你有了生活的重心。
用法详解
(1) n. [sing.]焦点，重点
常见搭配：
the focus of attention 关注的焦点
bring...into focus 使……成为焦点
例句：If you only bring into focus what you are focusing on, you may miss something important. 你如果只专注于你所关注的事情，可能会错失一些重要的事情。
(2) vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、精力等)；(使)对准，(使)聚焦
常见搭配：
focus (one’s attention/energy/mind) on/upon... 集中(某人的注意力/精力/心思)于……
focus (...) on... (将……)对准……
例句：
It is better to focus on getting the main idea, not on single words or grammar when you first read the article. 当你第一次读这篇文章时，你最好把注意力集中在抓主旨上，而不是单词或语法上。(主题素材·学习)
It's easy for senior high school students to focus their attention on one thing for a long time. 高中生可以轻松地长时间把注意力集中在一件事上。
She turned the camera and focused on the little girl who was smiling. 她转过镜头对准那个正在微笑的小女孩。
语境串记 The teacher reminded Tom to focus his attention on what she was saying. So all the other students looked at him. He became the focus of the class. 老师提醒汤姆集中注意力听她讲课，所以其他所有同学都看着他，他成了全班的焦点。
熟词生义 你知道下面句子中 focus 的词性及含义吗？
The children's faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.
点拨：n. (眼睛或镜头的)焦距，调焦
小试牛刀
1.判断下列句子中 focus 的词性及含义
① Roy had a strange hairstyle and became the focus of attention the moment he stepped into the room.
② Life is always hard so we must focus on things that matter and live positively.
2.完成句子
①健康和环境问题日益成为人们关注的焦点。
Health and environmental problems have increasingly ______.
②花太多的时间上网是不健康的，它会使你很难专注于生活中的其他事情。
Spending too much time online is unhealthy and ______.
Point 2 detail
教材语境 P6 ... manage your time well and pay attention to details. ……合理利用时间，并且注意细节。
用法详解 detail n. [pl.]具体情况；[U]全部细节，详情；[C]细微之处
常见搭配：
in detail 详细地
go into detail(s) 详细叙述，逐一说明
例句：
I hope you can talk to me about the details of your travel plan for this vacation. 我希望你能和我谈谈你的这个假期旅行计划的细节。
To help us solve this maths problem, our teacher explained every method in detail. 为帮助我们解决这道数学题，我们老师详细地讲解了每一种方法。
I can't go into details now. It would take too long. 我现在不能细说。它太费时间了。
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
When we try to remember ______ (detail) materials, we should focus on the important ideas.
2.完成句子
①I'm really interested in all that you have said. Can we discuss it ______ (详细地)
②The spokesman Walter referred to the plans, but refused to ______ (逐一说明).
Point 3 as a result of
教材语境 P6 As a result of your action, your dream will come true ... 由于你的行动，你的梦想将会实现……
用法详解 as a result of 意为"由于，因为"，后接名词、代词或动词-ing。
例句：My grandpa felt ill this morning as a result of some bad fish. 因为(吃了)一些变质的鱼肉，我爷爷今天上午感到不舒服。
归纳拓展 result 构成的其他短语：
as a result 因此，所以
result from... 因……而产生，由……造成
result in 导致，造成
巧妙妙记 图形助记：
语境串记 Toby didn't sleep well last night. As a result of lacking sleep, he felt quite sleepy while driving. His careless driving resulted in an accident. As a result, a passer-by got hurt. Therefore, one must be very careful while driving, for car accidents mostly result from tiredness in driving. 托比昨晚没睡好。由于缺乏睡眠，开车时他昏昏欲睡。他的粗心驾驶导致了一场事故。结果，一个行人受伤了。所以，开车的时候一定要非常小心，因为车祸大多是由疲劳驾驶造成的。
小试牛刀
用 result 的相关短语完成句子
1.The program shows that kids eat more vegetables ______ the gardening classes.
2.It was said that his failure in the competition ______ the lack of confidence.
3.Too much stress can ______ anger, low spirits and other related problems, which we need to take seriously.
4.(北京高考) People have better access to health care than they used to, and they're living longer ______.
Point 4 base...on...
教材语境 P7 Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. 相反，你应该基于自己的能力和技能确立目标。
用法详解 base...on... 以……为基础(或根据)
例句：This news report is based entirely on facts. 这篇新闻报道完全以事实为基础。
归纳拓展 相关词语积累：
base vt. 以……为据点(或大本营等)，把(总部等)设在 n. [C]根据；基础；总部，大本营
搭配：
be based in... 把总部设在……
at the base of... 在……底部；在……基础上
小试牛刀
语法填空
1.UNESCO headquarters is based ______ Paris, but it has branches across the world.
2.______ (base) on the real events, the film attracted an audience of millions.
Point 5 remind
教材语境 P7 This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused. 这会提醒你在为什么而努力，并让你目标明确。
用法详解 remind vt. 提醒，使想起
常见搭配：
remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事，使某人想起某事
remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不要)做某事
remind sb. (that)... 提醒某人……
例句：
When I heard the song in the music class, it reminded me of my childhood. 当我在音乐课上听到这首歌的时候，它使我想起了我的童年。
My friend reminded me not to forget my promise. 我朋友提醒我不要忘了我的诺言。
However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. 然而，她爸爸提醒她，甜食对她的牙齿有害。(链高考|北京)
归纳拓展 相关词语积累：
reminder n. [C]提醒人的事物，引起回忆的事物
例句：My mother said the photographs were a reminder of her campus life in the 1980s. 我母亲说这些照片使她回忆起20世纪80年代的校园生活。
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
① The audience was reminded ______ (turn) their cell phones off in the theatre.
② Thank you for reminding me ______ the time for the meeting, or I may be late for it.
③ Her words were a ______ (remind) that provided me with constant encouragement to smile at life.
2.完成句子
老师的话让我想起了"有志者，事竟成"这句谚语。
What the teacher said ______ the saying—where there is a will, there is a way.
3.单句写作
我爸爸提醒我今天应该读完这本书。
Point 6 proposal
教材语境 P8 Give the signed proposal to Mr Zhou. 把签过字的提议交给周老师。
用法详解 proposal n. [C,U]提议，建议
常见搭配：
make/put forward a proposal (to do sth./for sth.) 提出(……的)建议
that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 proposal 的具体内容，that 从句中的谓语用"should +动词原形"形式，should 可省略。
make a proposal that... 提议……
例句：
This proposal put forward by our teacher is really excellent in all respects. 我们老师提出的这个建议从各方面来说都很棒。
Many students made a proposal that a new lab (should) be built. 许多学生建议建造一个新的实验室。
归纳拓展 相关词语积累：
propose vt. 提议，建议(较正式)
搭配：
propose (doing) sth. 提议/建议(做)某事
propose that... 建议……（从句谓语用"should +动词原形"，should 可省略）
It is proposed that... 有人建议……
例句：In his speech he proposed that more student clubs (should) be set up. 他在讲话中建议建立更多的学生俱乐部。
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
①A survey done last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city agreed to the ______ (propose) on health care reform.
②Some teachers proposed ______ (put) off the sports meeting because of the attack of Typhoon Haikui.
2.完成句子
(2024·广东广州期末)我想提出一个建议，我们应该更加注意我们的学习习惯。
I'd like to ______ our study habits.
Point 7 aim
教材语境 P8 The aims of the club 社团的目标
用法详解
(1) n. [C]目标，目的
常见搭配：
achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目标
with the aim of... ( = for the purpose of...) 为了……
例句：
Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 要达到这些目标需要团队合作。
We have the celebration with the aim of passing on traditional Chinese culture. 我们举办这个庆祝活动的目的是传承中国传统文化。(应用文写作之活动介绍)
(2) vi. & vt. 旨在，以……为目标，致力于；vt. 旨在，目的是
常见搭配：
aim at doing sth.
aim to do sth.
be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在/致力于做某事
aim at/for sth. 以某物为目标
例句：
She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. 她创立了瓢虫基金会，一个致力于解决无家可归问题的组织。(链高考|北京)
Filled with team spirit, they act as a whole and always aim for glory. 他们作为一个整体，充满团队精神，总是追求荣誉。
(3) vt. 针对，对象是
常见搭配：be aimed at sb. 针对某人，对象是某人(主语一般是物)
例句：The programme aimed at teenagers is thought highly of. 以青少年为受众的那档节目受到高度评价。
(4) vt. & vi. 瞄准，对准
常见搭配：aim (sth.) at sb./sth. (把……)瞄准……
例句：The hunter aimed at the target but hit the tree by mistake. 猎人对准目标射击，不料误中了大树。
联想串记 相关词语积累：
aim n.[C]目标，目的 vt.& vi. 旨在，以……为目标；瞄准；vt.旨在；针对
+-less，形容词后缀→aimless adj. 没有方向的，无目标的
→aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地，毫无目标地
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
①This activity is aimed ______ improving the students' listening and speaking abilities.
②Lots of magazines and research papers are put out ______ the aim of meeting readers' need for specific knowledge.
③The project aims ______ (help) the disabled people to get jobs and lead an independent life.
2.完成句子
STEM 教育旨在提高学生的创新思维能力和独立思考能力。
STEM education ______ students' ability to think creatively and independently.
素养链接 STEM 是科学(science)，技术(technology)，工程(engineering)和数学(mathematics)的合称。
Point 8 动词-ing（短语）作主语
教材语境 P6 Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 设定目标让你有了生活的重心。
用法详解
意义 动词-ing(短语)作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
谓语动词的数 ◎单个的动词-ing(短语)作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式；◎两个或两个以上的动词-ing(短语)作主语时，如果表示一件事，谓语动词用单数；如果是两件或多件事情，谓语动词用复数。
复合结构 动词-ing(短语)与其逻辑主语构成主语。◎逻辑主语是有生命名词时，用名词或代词所有格；◎逻辑主语是无生命名词时，只用通格。
例句：
Reading is one of the best ways for us to know about the world. 读书是我们了解世界的最好方式之一。
Going to bed early and getting up early is good for our health. 早睡早起对我们的健康有好处。（指一件事）
Drawing and playing football are what I took an interest in as a teenager. 画画和踢足球是我十几岁时的兴趣所在。（指两件事）
John’s coming is what we have expected. 约翰的到来是我们预料到的。
The tree falling down suddenly made the people around in a state of shock. 树突然倒下使周围的人惊魂未定。
特别提醒 动词-ing(短语)作主语时，有时用 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。
常见句型：It is no use/no good/a waste of time/... + doing sth.
例句：It is a waste of time arguing with him. 和他争辩是浪费时间。
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
①(重庆市第八中学校期末) ______ (learn) the history of Tang dynasty in advance contributes to your understanding of this passage.
② It's generally believed that traveling along the old Silk Road ______ (be) an interesting and rewarding experience.
③If you want to succeed, it is no use ______ (talk) too much without actually doing anything at all.
2.完成句子
进入大学对高中毕业生来说是一大步，伴随着很多变化。
______ a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes.
课后练习
A 基础练|知识巩固
建议时间:15分钟
Ⅰ 单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1 I would be grateful if you could provide us with some ______ (细节) on the subject.
2 I called Jane and ______ (提醒) her that the meeting had been put off.
3 (2024·广东广州期中)It is my turn to organize(组织) the activity and could you please offer me some helpful ______ (提示)
4 (天津3月高考) ______ (专业的) skills are tools like a knife or a hammer. You need them to complete the things you want to do.
5 If you want to attract more new members to the tennis club, you'd better put up a ______ (海报) first.
6 (天津高考)—Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
—Even though it is not your ______ (风格), that doesn't mean it is bad.
7 (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple ______ (技巧).
8 Personally, online learning is useful to me because there are so many learning ______ (材料) for me to choose from. (观点论述类议论文写作之在线学习)
Ⅱ 语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1 (新高考Ⅰ卷)Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus ______ the "public" at the expense of the "speaking."
2 I like the film very much because it reminds me ______ the happy days when I was young.
3 In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma ______ (pay) attention to our table manners.
4 The manager put forward a proposal that he ______ (develop) the new project at once.
5 All our projects aim ______ (encourage) the development of poor and remote villages.
6 During your travel, you can refer to this guidebook for ______ (detail) information about the hotels in the area.
7 ______ (read) original English novels is one of the best ways to improve your English.
8 We have a variety of winter camps for your holiday. You can choose one ______ (base) on your interest.
Ⅲ 用方框内短语的适当形式填空(有两项为多余选项)
1 After his retirement(退休), he can ______ his personal hobbies.
2 (全国Ⅱ卷)If you work out bright and early(大清早) in the morning, you will be more likely to ______ healthy food choices throughout the day.
3 We may have physical problems ______ sitting in front of the screen for a long time.
4 Planning is good as it decides ______ how we do what we want to do.
B 综合练|能力提升
建议时间:12分钟
完形填空
(语篇类型:记叙文 主题语境:人与自我——学校生活)
Afraid to have a start, I was walking slowly into my first school in America. I had 1 a long way from India in order to join my parents. My father decided that I would go to school here, so I 2 a local high school in my new town.
With 3 and fear, I arrived at the classroom. Everyone's eyes were on me as I entered the classroom. I went straight to the 4 and asked him if I was in the right class. With a soft voice, he answered, "Yes." His voice 5 me a little. Then he asked me to 6 where I would sit. I chose the 7 closest to the door. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the 8 produced by the overhead projector(投影仪).
Since it was my first day, I was confused about which hallway(过道) to use, but I 9 to get to my next class without asking anyone. I wasn't quite sure when I would have 10. It was noon when I went to the classroom and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the 11 process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. Feeling 12, she said, "That is the lunch bell." I felt a little 13. Without another word, I headed for the cafeteria.
I realized that all the confusion on my first day was like the difficulty I had to 14 to reach my goal. When I got on my bus and sat down inside 15 , I said to myself, "Today isn't so bad."
1 A. walked B. found C. traveled D. driven
2 A. entered B. helped C. left D. built
3 A. anger B. anxieties C. doubt D. sadness
4 A. foreigner B. teacher C. worker D. classmate
5 A. alarmed B. amazed C. touched D. relaxed
6 A. choose B. see C. share D. discuss
7 A. seat B. direction C. area D. goal
8 A. movies B. pictures C. voices D. stories
9 A. feared B. refused C. allowed D. managed
10 A. gifts B. chances C. fun D. lunch
11 A. same B. unexpected C. interesting D. difficult
12 A. cheerful B. challenging C. surprised D. positive
13 A. funny B. excited C. lonely D. awkward
14 A. put away B. get through C. build up D. show off
15 A. suddenly B. happily C. hurriedly D. actually必修一UNIT 1 Back to school讲义（中）
词句帮 词汇句式详解
Point 1 focus
教材语境 P6 Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 设定目标让你有了生活的重心。
用法详解
(1) n. [sing.]焦点，重点
常见搭配：
the focus of attention 关注的焦点
bring...into focus 使……成为焦点
例句：If you only bring into focus what you are focusing on, you may miss something important. 你如果只专注于你所关注的事情，可能会错失一些重要的事情。
(2) vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、精力等)；(使)对准，(使)聚焦
常见搭配：
focus (one’s attention/energy/mind) on/upon... 集中(某人的注意力/精力/心思)于……
focus (...) on... (将……)对准……
例句：
It is better to focus on getting the main idea, not on single words or grammar when you first read the article. 当你第一次读这篇文章时，你最好把注意力集中在抓主旨上，而不是单词或语法上。(主题素材·学习)
It's easy for senior high school students to focus their attention on one thing for a long time. 高中生可以轻松地长时间把注意力集中在一件事上。
She turned the camera and focused on the little girl who was smiling. 她转过镜头对准那个正在微笑的小女孩。
语境串记 The teacher reminded Tom to focus his attention on what she was saying. So all the other students looked at him. He became the focus of the class. 老师提醒汤姆集中注意力听她讲课，所以其他所有同学都看着他，他成了全班的焦点。
熟词生义 你知道下面句子中 focus 的词性及含义吗？
The children's faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.
点拨：n. (眼睛或镜头的)焦距，调焦
小试牛刀
1.判断下列句子中 focus 的词性及含义
① Roy had a strange hairstyle and became the focus of attention the moment he stepped into the room.
② Life is always hard so we must focus on things that matter and live positively.
2.完成句子
①健康和环境问题日益成为人们关注的焦点。
Health and environmental problems have increasingly ______.
②花太多的时间上网是不健康的，它会使你很难专注于生活中的其他事情。
Spending too much time online is unhealthy and ______.
答案解析 1. ①n. 焦点 ②vi. 集中(注意力、精力等)
2. ①become the focus of attention ②makes it very difficult for you to focus on other things in life
Point 2 detail
教材语境 P6 ... manage your time well and pay attention to details. ……合理利用时间，并且注意细节。
用法详解 detail n. [pl.]具体情况；[U]全部细节，详情；[C]细微之处
常见搭配：
in detail 详细地
go into detail(s) 详细叙述，逐一说明
例句：
I hope you can talk to me about the details of your travel plan for this vacation. 我希望你能和我谈谈你的这个假期旅行计划的细节。
To help us solve this maths problem, our teacher explained every method in detail. 为帮助我们解决这道数学题，我们老师详细地讲解了每一种方法。
I can't go into details now. It would take too long. 我现在不能细说。它太费时间了。
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
When we try to remember ______ (detail) materials, we should focus on the important ideas.
2.完成句子
①I'm really interested in all that you have said. Can we discuss it ______ (详细地)
②The spokesman Walter referred to the plans, but refused to ______ (逐一说明).
答案解析 1. detailed
2. ①in detail ②go into detail(s)
Point 3 as a result of
教材语境 P6 As a result of your action, your dream will come true ... 由于你的行动，你的梦想将会实现……
用法详解 as a result of 意为"由于，因为"，后接名词、代词或动词-ing。
例句：My grandpa felt ill this morning as a result of some bad fish. 因为(吃了)一些变质的鱼肉，我爷爷今天上午感到不舒服。
归纳拓展 result 构成的其他短语：
as a result 因此，所以
result from... 因……而产生，由……造成
result in 导致，造成
巧妙妙记 图形助记：
语境串记 Toby didn't sleep well last night. As a result of lacking sleep, he felt quite sleepy while driving. His careless driving resulted in an accident. As a result, a passer-by got hurt. Therefore, one must be very careful while driving, for car accidents mostly result from tiredness in driving. 托比昨晚没睡好。由于缺乏睡眠，开车时他昏昏欲睡。他的粗心驾驶导致了一场事故。结果，一个行人受伤了。所以，开车的时候一定要非常小心，因为车祸大多是由疲劳驾驶造成的。
小试牛刀
用 result 的相关短语完成句子
1.The program shows that kids eat more vegetables ______ the gardening classes.
2.It was said that his failure in the competition ______ the lack of confidence.
3.Too much stress can ______ anger, low spirits and other related problems, which we need to take seriously.
4.(北京高考) People have better access to health care than they used to, and they're living longer ______.
答案解析 1. as a result of 2. resulted from 3. result in 4. as a result
Point 4 base...on...
教材语境 P7 Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills. 相反，你应该基于自己的能力和技能确立目标。
用法详解 base...on... 以……为基础(或根据)
例句：This news report is based entirely on facts. 这篇新闻报道完全以事实为基础。
归纳拓展 相关词语积累：
base vt. 以……为据点(或大本营等)，把(总部等)设在 n. [C]根据；基础；总部，大本营
搭配：
be based in... 把总部设在……
at the base of... 在……底部；在……基础上
小试牛刀
语法填空
1.UNESCO headquarters is based ______ Paris, but it has branches across the world.
2.______ (base) on the real events, the film attracted an audience of millions.
答案解析 1. in。句意：联合国教科文组织总部位于巴黎，但是其在世界各地都有分支机构。
2. Based。主语 the film 和 base 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处用 Based。
Point 5 remind
教材语境 P7 This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused. 这会提醒你在为什么而努力，并让你目标明确。
用法详解 remind vt. 提醒，使想起
常见搭配：
remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事，使某人想起某事
remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不要)做某事
remind sb. (that)... 提醒某人……
例句：
When I heard the song in the music class, it reminded me of my childhood. 当我在音乐课上听到这首歌的时候，它使我想起了我的童年。
My friend reminded me not to forget my promise. 我朋友提醒我不要忘了我的诺言。
However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. 然而，她爸爸提醒她，甜食对她的牙齿有害。(链高考|北京)
归纳拓展 相关词语积累：
reminder n. [C]提醒人的事物，引起回忆的事物
例句：My mother said the photographs were a reminder of her campus life in the 1980s. 我母亲说这些照片使她回忆起20世纪80年代的校园生活。
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
① The audience was reminded ______ (turn) their cell phones off in the theatre.
② Thank you for reminding me ______ the time for the meeting, or I may be late for it.
③ Her words were a ______ (remind) that provided me with constant encouragement to smile at life.
2.完成句子
老师的话让我想起了"有志者，事竟成"这句谚语。
What the teacher said ______ the saying—where there is a will, there is a way.
3.单句写作
我爸爸提醒我今天应该读完这本书。
答案解析 1. ①to turn ②of ③reminder
2. reminded me of
3. My father reminded me that I should finish reading the book today.
Point 6 proposal
教材语境 P8 Give the signed proposal to Mr Zhou. 把签过字的提议交给周老师。
用法详解 proposal n. [C,U]提议，建议
常见搭配：
make/put forward a proposal (to do sth./for sth.) 提出(……的)建议
that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 proposal 的具体内容，that 从句中的谓语用"should +动词原形"形式，should 可省略。
make a proposal that... 提议……
例句：
This proposal put forward by our teacher is really excellent in all respects. 我们老师提出的这个建议从各方面来说都很棒。
Many students made a proposal that a new lab (should) be built. 许多学生建议建造一个新的实验室。
归纳拓展 相关词语积累：
propose vt. 提议，建议(较正式)
搭配：
propose (doing) sth. 提议/建议(做)某事
propose that... 建议……（从句谓语用"should +动词原形"，should 可省略）
It is proposed that... 有人建议……
例句：In his speech he proposed that more student clubs (should) be set up. 他在讲话中建议建立更多的学生俱乐部。
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
①A survey done last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city agreed to the ______ (propose) on health care reform.
②Some teachers proposed ______ (put) off the sports meeting because of the attack of Typhoon Haikui.
2.完成句子
(2024·广东广州期末)我想提出一个建议，我们应该更加注意我们的学习习惯。
I'd like to ______ our study habits.
答案解析 1. ①proposal ②putting
2. make/put forward a proposal that we (should) pay more attention to
Point 7 aim
教材语境 P8 The aims of the club 社团的目标
用法详解
(1) n. [C]目标，目的
常见搭配：
achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目标
with the aim of... ( = for the purpose of...) 为了……
例句：
Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 要达到这些目标需要团队合作。
We have the celebration with the aim of passing on traditional Chinese culture. 我们举办这个庆祝活动的目的是传承中国传统文化。(应用文写作之活动介绍)
(2) vi. & vt. 旨在，以……为目标，致力于；vt. 旨在，目的是
常见搭配：
aim at doing sth.
aim to do sth.
be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在/致力于做某事
aim at/for sth. 以某物为目标
例句：
She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. 她创立了瓢虫基金会，一个致力于解决无家可归问题的组织。(链高考|北京)
Filled with team spirit, they act as a whole and always aim for glory. 他们作为一个整体，充满团队精神，总是追求荣誉。
(3) vt. 针对，对象是
常见搭配：be aimed at sb. 针对某人，对象是某人(主语一般是物)
例句：The programme aimed at teenagers is thought highly of. 以青少年为受众的那档节目受到高度评价。
(4) vt. & vi. 瞄准，对准
常见搭配：aim (sth.) at sb./sth. (把……)瞄准……
例句：The hunter aimed at the target but hit the tree by mistake. 猎人对准目标射击，不料误中了大树。
联想串记 相关词语积累：
aim n.[C]目标，目的 vt.& vi. 旨在，以……为目标；瞄准；vt.旨在；针对
+-less，形容词后缀→aimless adj. 没有方向的，无目标的
→aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地，毫无目标地
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
①This activity is aimed ______ improving the students' listening and speaking abilities.
②Lots of magazines and research papers are put out ______ the aim of meeting readers' need for specific knowledge.
③The project aims ______ (help) the disabled people to get jobs and lead an independent life.
2.完成句子
STEM 教育旨在提高学生的创新思维能力和独立思考能力。
STEM education ______ students' ability to think creatively and independently.
答案解析 1. ①at ②with ③to help
2. aims to improve 或 is aimed at improving 或 aims at improving
素养链接 STEM 是科学(science)，技术(technology)，工程(engineering)和数学(mathematics)的合称。
Point 8 动词-ing（短语）作主语
教材语境 P6 Setting goals gives you a focus in life. 设定目标让你有了生活的重心。
用法详解
意义 动词-ing(短语)作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
谓语动词的数 ◎单个的动词-ing(短语)作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式；◎两个或两个以上的动词-ing(短语)作主语时，如果表示一件事，谓语动词用单数；如果是两件或多件事情，谓语动词用复数。
复合结构 动词-ing(短语)与其逻辑主语构成主语。◎逻辑主语是有生命名词时，用名词或代词所有格；◎逻辑主语是无生命名词时，只用通格。
例句：
Reading is one of the best ways for us to know about the world. 读书是我们了解世界的最好方式之一。
Going to bed early and getting up early is good for our health. 早睡早起对我们的健康有好处。（指一件事）
Drawing and playing football are what I took an interest in as a teenager. 画画和踢足球是我十几岁时的兴趣所在。（指两件事）
John’s coming is what we have expected. 约翰的到来是我们预料到的。
The tree falling down suddenly made the people around in a state of shock. 树突然倒下使周围的人惊魂未定。
特别提醒 动词-ing(短语)作主语时，有时用 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。
常见句型：It is no use/no good/a waste of time/... + doing sth.
例句：It is a waste of time arguing with him. 和他争辩是浪费时间。
小试牛刀
1.语法填空
①(重庆市第八中学校期末) ______ (learn) the history of Tang dynasty in advance contributes to your understanding of this passage.
② It's generally believed that traveling along the old Silk Road ______ (be) an interesting and rewarding experience.
③If you want to succeed, it is no use ______ (talk) too much without actually doing anything at all.
2.完成句子
进入大学对高中毕业生来说是一大步，伴随着很多变化。
______ a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes.
答案解析 1. ①Learning ②is。句意：人们普遍认为沿着古丝绸之路旅行是一种有趣且有益的体验。 ③talking
2. Getting into/Entering college is
课后练习
A 基础练|知识巩固
建议时间:15分钟
Ⅰ 单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1 I would be grateful if you could provide us with some ______ (细节) on the subject.
2 I called Jane and ______ (提醒) her that the meeting had been put off.
3 (2024·广东广州期中)It is my turn to organize(组织) the activity and could you please offer me some helpful ______ (提示)
4 (天津3月高考) ______ (专业的) skills are tools like a knife or a hammer. You need them to complete the things you want to do.
5 If you want to attract more new members to the tennis club, you'd better put up a ______ (海报) first.
6 (天津高考)—Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
—Even though it is not your ______ (风格), that doesn't mean it is bad.
7 (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple ______ (技巧).
8 Personally, online learning is useful to me because there are so many learning ______ (材料) for me to choose from. (观点论述类议论文写作之在线学习)
1. details 解析：“细节”的英文是“detail”，some后接可数名词复数形式。
2. reminded 解析：根据“called”可知，此处用一般过去时，“提醒”的英文是“remind”，过去式为“reminded”。
3. tips 解析：“提示”的英文是“tip”，some后接可数名词复数形式。
4. Professional 解析：“专业的”英文是“Professional”，首字母大写。
5. poster 解析：“海报”的英文是“poster”，a后接单数形式。
6. style 解析：“风格”的英文是“style”，your后接单数形式。
7. techniques 解析：“技巧”的英文是“technique”，three后接可数名词复数形式。
8. materials 解析：“材料”的英文是“material”，many后接可数名词复数形式。
Ⅱ 语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1 (新高考Ⅰ卷)Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus ______ the "public" at the expense of the "speaking."
2 I like the film very much because it reminds me ______ the happy days when I was young.
3 In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma ______ (pay) attention to our table manners.
4 The manager put forward a proposal that he ______ (develop) the new project at once.
5 All our projects aim ______ (encourage) the development of poor and remote villages.
6 During your travel, you can refer to this guidebook for ______ (detail) information about the hotels in the area.
7 ______ (read) original English novels is one of the best ways to improve your English.
8 We have a variety of winter camps for your holiday. You can choose one ______ (base) on your interest.
1. on 解析：“focus on”是固定搭配，意为“专注于”。
2. of 解析：“remind sb. of sth.”是固定搭配，意为“使某人想起某事”。
3. to pay 解析：“remind sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“提醒某人做某事”，此处是被动形式“be reminded to do sth.”。
4. (should) develop 解析：proposal后的同位语从句用虚拟语气，即“(should) + 动词原形”，should可省略。
5. to encourage 解析：“aim to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。
6. detailed 解析：用形容词“detailed”修饰“information”，表示“详细的信息”。
7. Reading 解析：动名词作主语，“Reading original English novels”在句中作主语。
8. based 解析：“based on”是固定搭配，意为“基于”，此处是过去分词作后置定语。
Ⅲ 用方框内短语的适当形式填空(有两项为多余选项)
1 After his retirement(退休), he can ______ his personal hobbies.
2 (全国Ⅱ卷)If you work out bright and early(大清早) in the morning, you will be more likely to ______ healthy food choices throughout the day.
3 We may have physical problems ______ sitting in front of the screen for a long time.
4 Planning is good as it decides ______ how we do what we want to do.
1. focus his attention on 解析：句意为“退休后，他可以专注于自己的个人爱好”，“focus one’s attention on”表示“专注于”，can后接动词原形，主语是he，故用“focus his attention on”。
2. stick to 解析：句意为“如果你大清早锻炼，你更有可能一整天坚持健康的食物选择”，“stick to”表示“坚持”，be likely to后接动词原形。
3. as a result of 解析：句意为“由于长时间坐在屏幕前，我们可能会有身体问题”，“as a result of”表示“由于”。
4. in detail 解析：句意为“计划是好的，因为它详细地决定了我们如何做我们想做的事”，“in detail”表示“详细地”。
B 综合练|能力提升
建议时间:12分钟
完形填空
(语篇类型:记叙文 主题语境:人与自我——学校生活)
Afraid to have a start, I was walking slowly into my first school in America. I had 1 a long way from India in order to join my parents. My father decided that I would go to school here, so I 2 a local high school in my new town.
With 3 and fear, I arrived at the classroom. Everyone's eyes were on me as I entered the classroom. I went straight to the 4 and asked him if I was in the right class. With a soft voice, he answered, "Yes." His voice 5 me a little. Then he asked me to 6 where I would sit. I chose the 7 closest to the door. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the 8 produced by the overhead projector(投影仪).
Since it was my first day, I was confused about which hallway(过道) to use, but I 9 to get to my next class without asking anyone. I wasn't quite sure when I would have 10. It was noon when I went to the classroom and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the 11 process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. Feeling 12, she said, "That is the lunch bell." I felt a little 13. Without another word, I headed for the cafeteria.
I realized that all the confusion on my first day was like the difficulty I had to 14 to reach my goal. When I got on my bus and sat down inside 15 , I said to myself, "Today isn't so bad."
1 A. walked B. found C. traveled D. driven
2 A. entered B. helped C. left D. built
3 A. anger B. anxieties C. doubt D. sadness
4 A. foreigner B. teacher C. worker D. classmate
5 A. alarmed B. amazed C. touched D. relaxed
6 A. choose B. see C. share D. discuss
7 A. seat B. direction C. area D. goal
8 A. movies B. pictures C. voices D. stories
9 A. feared B. refused C. allowed D. managed
10 A. gifts B. chances C. fun D. lunch
11 A. same B. unexpected C. interesting D. difficult
12 A. cheerful B. challenging C. surprised D. positive
13 A. funny B. excited C. lonely D. awkward
14 A. put away B. get through C. build up D. show off
15 A. suddenly B. happily C. hurriedly D. actually
1. C (traveled) 解析：根据“a long way from India”可知，作者从印度“旅行”了很远的路，故选C。
2. A (entered) 解析：“进入当地高中”用“enter a local high school”，故选A。
3. B (anxieties) 解析：根据“fear”可知，作者怀着“焦虑”和恐惧来到教室，故选B。
4. B (teacher) 解析：作者进入教室后询问“老师”是否在正确的班级，故选B。
5. D (relaxed) 解析：老师温柔的声音让作者“放松”了一点，故选D。
6. A (choose) 解析：老师让作者“选择”座位，故选A。
7. A (seat) 解析：作者选择了最靠近门的“座位”，故选A。
8. B (pictures) 解析：投影仪投射出的是“图片”，故选B。
9. D (managed) 解析：“manage to do sth.”表示“设法做成某事”，作者设法不问别人就找到下一节课的教室，故选D。
10. D (lunch) 解析：根据后文“lunch bell”可知，作者不确定什么时候吃“午饭”，故选D。
11. A (same) 解析：作者又经历了“同样的”询问老师是否在正确班级的过程，故选A。
12. C (surprised) 解析：老师对作者的询问感到“惊讶”，因为那是午餐铃，故选C。
13. D (awkward) 解析：作者感到有点“尴尬”，故选D。
14. B (get through) 解析：“get through”表示“度过，克服”，作者意识到第一天的困惑就像他为了达到目标必须“克服”的困难，故选B。
15. B (happily) 解析：作者坐上车后“开心地”对自己说今天还不错，故选B。
