人与社会：2021年八省联考完形填空导学案（教师版）
试题来源 语篇类型 主题语境 题材
2021年八省联考 记叙文 人与社会---人际交往与道德教育 尊重他人职业与言行反思
一、语篇主题与核心思想 本文以第一人称叙述作者十岁时在理发店的经历：因一句玩笑话引发助理的激烈反应，从而深刻认识到尊重他人职业和谨言慎行的重要性。主题围绕言语的力量、职业尊重与个人成长，强调言行对他人可能产生的影响。 语篇结构分析 段落内容划分核心事件 / 观点第1段背景介绍 交代事件发生的时间、地点及理发店新助理的出现。第2-5段事件经过（互动→冲突） 理发师询问发型要求，作者以玩笑回应，引发助理的愤怒斥责。第6段反思与成长 作者从事件中学会尊重他人职业，并意识到言语的重要性。
结构特点： 采用时间顺序 + 因果递进结构，通过具体事件（玩笑→冲突→反思）展现心理变化与成长。 首尾呼应：开篇平淡叙述，结尾升华主题，形成从“无知”到“领悟”的认知闭环。 三、语言与逻辑分析 1. 词汇选择与情感色彩 动词链体现行为与情绪变化：
joined（加入）→joked（玩笑）→shouted（怒吼）→stopped（停止），清晰呈现事件冲突与行为转变。 情感词强化主题： 中性：asked, smiled（平静互动）； 消极：shouted, scared（冲突爆发）； 积极：respect, grateful（反思成长）。 逻辑衔接手段 转折词：but（隐含于助理突然怒吼的情节），推动冲突爆发； 因果关系：From that day on...（第6段）总结事件影响，解释行为改变； 指代衔接：it（指代玩笑话）、they（指代职业），确保语篇连贯。 四、题型与考点分析 1. 设题维度 语境理解（占比约60%）：如1题joined（助理加入理发店）、4题haircut（理发开始），需结合上下文事件逻辑选择； 情感态度（占比约30%）：如8题scared（作者被吼时的恐惧）、14题grateful（对教训的感激），考查对人物心理的把握； 固定搭配 / 词义辨析（占比约10%）：如6题guarantee（保证后果）、15题difference（言语的影响），涉及动词短语与名词搭配。 2. 干扰项设计特点 近义词混淆：如3题instructed（指示）与干扰项promised（承诺），需根据“父亲上次的要求”语境判断； 情感误导：如9题awkward（尴尬）与干扰项encouraging（鼓励），需通过“冲突场景”排除； |常识干扰：如13题small（渺小）与干扰项good（高尚），需紧扣“尊重任何职业”的主题。 五、文化与教育内涵 职业平等观：通过“理发师与助理”的日常场景，传递“所有职业值得尊重”的价值观； | 言行教育：事件反映“言语可能伤人”的普遍现象，契合新课标对“社会责任与同理心”的培养要求。
Task 1: Read based on discourse analysis
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词
④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系 ⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
1. A．left B．opened C．joined D．visited C ①语境
2. A．much B．long C．often D．soon B ②复现
3. A．instructed B．invited C．promised D．convinced A ①语境
4. A．discussion B．journey C．training D．haircut D ②复现
5. A．agreed B．heard C．hoped D．knew D ①语境
6. A．forgot B．tolerate C．guarantee D．understand C ⑦转折关系
7. A．urged B．shouted C．laughed D．helped B ①语境
8. A．angry B．proud C．scared D．curious C ⑨因果关系
9. A．anxious B．appealing C．encouraging D．awkward D ①语境
10. A．suddenly B．completely C．temporarily D．regularly B ⑥递进关系
11. A．important B．exciting C．strange D．interesting A ⑧解释说明
12. A．learn B．enter C．change D．respect D ②复现
13. A．hard B．small C．good D．complex B ⑦转折关系
14. A．sorry B．confident C．grateful D．embarrassed C ⑨因果关系
15. A．difference B．mistake C．choice D．joke A ⑧解释说明
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
The author learned to respect others' professions and the power of words through a haircut incident.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence(time or stage) Events Emotions
Introduction The narrator visits a familiar barber shop, where a new assistant has recently joined. casual / relaxed
Joke Exchange The barber jokes about keeping the hair long, and the narrator responds with a playful threat about the shop's fate. playful / lighthearted
Conflict The assistant suddenly shouts angrily, interpreting the joke as a threat. shocked / scared
Reaction The barber gives an awkward look, and the narrator feels frightened by the assistant's outburst. awkward / fearful
Reflection The narrator realizes the impact of their words and decides never to make jokes on others' professions again. regretful / thoughtful
Lesson Learned The experience becomes a significant life lesson about respecting all professions, no matter how small. grateful / educated
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1（93词）
在我十岁某个平凡的周日，我照常走进理发店，发现店里新来了一位助手【不定式表意料之外的结果】。理发师询问头发长度时，我随意提及父亲上次的叮嘱。当理发师开玩笑说留长些如何，我戏谑道："那我可不敢保证您这店会出什么事！"【宾语从句+口语化转译（对话描写）】 话音未落，身后的助手突然厉声呵斥，愤怒的声线划破空气【独立主格结构+形容词短语转化（环境烘托）】。我吓得浑身发抖【现在分词作状语表伴随】，瞥见理发师投来尴尬的眼神——他瞪大的双眼中充满难以置信的错愕。
On an ordinary Sunday at my age of ten, I stepped into a barber shop as usual, only to find a new assistant had recently joined the team. As the barber inquired about my preferred hair length, I casually referenced my father's prior instructions. When the barber jokingly suggested leaving it long, I joked, "I can't guarantee what would happen to your shop then!" Instantly, the assistant shouted from behind, his voice sharp with anger. Trembling with fear, I caught the barber's awkward glance, his eyes wide with disbelief at the sudden tension.
Paragraph 2（84词）
这次经历让我深刻领悟到职业尊严的重量。自那日起，我彻底不再拿一个人的工作和职业开玩笑，无论那他们多么微不足道。最终我学会了尊重任何人的职业。如今我由衷感激那次严厉的让我重新思考我的语言的回应——它让我看清言语既能筑桥亦可毁城【隐喻结构+动词双态（哲理升华）】。这成为我生命中最珍贵的教训，时刻提醒着我：真正的尊重，足以改变一切现在分词作状语主题升华】。
That incident became a profound lesson in respecting every profession. From that day forward, I completely ceased making jokes on profession and works of a person, however insignificant they might seem. I finally learned to respect anyone’s profession. Now I feel deeply grateful for that harsh response which made me rethink my words—it revealed the power that words hold to build or destroy. This memory remains one of the most important in my life, constantly reminding me that true respect makes all the difference.人与社会：2021年八省联考导学案（教师版）
Task 1: Read based on discourse analysis
【2021年八省联考】
①This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to the barber shop where I always went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently 1 the shop.
②So I sat for the haircut. The uncle asked me how 2 I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had 3 you the last time.”
③He smiled. Before starting the 4 , he added, “What if I keep it long ”
④I 5 he was joking. So I joked too. I said, “I can’t 6 what would happen to your shop then!”
⑤The moment I said itthe assistant 7 from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you to threaten us, eh ”
⑥I admit I was too 8 at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an __9__ look .
⑦From that day on, I 10 stopped joking about anyone’s profession and works. It is one of the most 11 incidents in my life, which taught me to 12 the profession and works of a person, no matter how 13 they are.
⑧I’m 14 that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a 15 .
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词
④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系 ⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
1. A．left B．opened C．joined D．visited
2. A．much B．long C．often D．soon
3. A．instructed B．invited C．promised D．convinced
4. A．discussion B．journey C．training D．haircut
5. A．agreed B．heard C．hoped D．knew
6. A．forgot B．tolerate C．guarantee D．understand
7. A．urged B．shouted C．laughed D．helped
8. A．angry B．proud C．scared D．curious
9. A．anxious B．appealing C．encouraging D．awkward
10. A．suddenly B．completely C．temporarily D．regularly
11. A．important B．exciting C．strange D．interesting
12. A．learn B．enter C．change D．respect
13. A．hard B．small C．good D．complex
14. A．sorry B．confident C．grateful D．embarrassed
15. A．difference B．mistake C．choice D．joke
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
The author learned to _______________________ and ___________________ through ______________________.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence(time or stage) Events Emotions
Introduction The narrator visits a familiar _____ shop, where a new _______ has recently joined. ____________
Joke Exchange The barber about keeping the hair long, and the narrator responds with a playful ______ about the shop's fate. ___________
Conflict The assistant suddenly angrily, interpreting the joke as a threat. ___________
Reaction The barber gives an look, and the narrator feels by the assistant's outburst. ___________
Reflection The narrator realizes the of their words and decides never to others' professions again. ____________
Lesson Learned The experience becomes a significant life lesson about ________ all professions, no matter how small. _____________
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1（93词）
在我十岁某个平凡的周日，我照常走进理发店，发现店里新来了一位助手【不定式表意料之外的结果】。理发师询问头发长度时，我随意提及父亲上次的叮嘱。当理发师开玩笑说留长些如何，我戏谑道："那我可不敢保证您这店会出什么事！"【宾语从句+口语化转译（对话描写）】 话音未落，身后的助手突然厉声呵斥，愤怒的声线划破空气【独立主格结构+形容词短语转化（环境烘托）】。我吓得浑身发抖【现在分词作状语表伴随】，瞥见理发师投来尴尬的眼神——他瞪大的双眼中充满难以置信的错愕。
On an ordinary Sunday at my age of ten, I stepped into a barber shop as usual, . As the barber inquired about my preferred hair length, I casually referenced my father's prior instructions. When the barber jokingly suggested leaving it long, . Instantly, the assistant shouted from behind, . , I caught the barber's awkward glance, his eyes wide with disbelief at the sudden tension.
Paragraph 2（84词）
这次经历让我深刻领悟到职业尊严的重量。自那日起，我彻底不再拿一个人的工作和职业开玩笑，无论那他们多么微不足道。最终我学会了尊重任何人的职业。如今我由衷感激那次严厉的让我重新思考我的语言的回应——它让我看清言语既能筑桥亦可毁城【隐喻结构+动词双态（哲理升华）】。这成为我生命中最珍贵的教训，时刻提醒着我：真正的尊重，足以改变一切。【现在分词作状语主题升华】。
That incident became a profound lesson in respecting every profession. From that day forward, I completely ceased making jokes on profession and works of a person, however insignificant they might seem. I finally learned to respect anyone’s profession. Now I feel deeply grateful for that harsh response which made me rethink my words— . This memory remains one of the most important in my life, .
