人与社会：2024年九省联考完形填空导学案（教师版）
试题来源 语篇类型 主题语境 题材
2024年九省联考 记叙文 人与社会—善行义举 陌生人帮我修车
一、语篇主题与核心思想 本文以第一人称叙述 “我” 在返乡途中汽车抛锚、手机没电的困境中，得到陌生老人热心修车的经历。从孤立无援到被善意拯救，故事通过 “困境→求助→帮助→感悟” 的脉络，展现了陌生人之间的温情与互助精神，传递了 “善意不分亲疏，温暖可跨越陌生” 的主题，体现了社会正能量与人性光辉。 语篇结构分析 段落内容划分核心事件 / 观点第1段困境引入叙述“我”在回家途中遇到车辆故障，手机也没电，无法寻求帮助。第2段遇人求助“我”在加油站遇到一位老先生，他主动帮助“我”修车。。第3段修车过程老先生检查并修理了“我”的车，使其能够继续旅程。第4段感悟与升华“我”意识到陌生人的善意和帮助，感悟到人生哲理
结构特点： 时间顺序贯穿：以 “故障发生→老人出现→修车完成→感悟善意” 的时间线展开，情节紧凑。 首尾情感对比：首段强调 “孤立无援” 的绝望，末段以 “善意拯救” 收束，形成情感闭环。 三、语言与逻辑分析 1. 词汇选择与情感色彩 动词链体现行为逻辑： broke down（抛锚）→ managed to get（设法到达）→ explained（解释）→ pulled out（拿出）→ examined（检查）→ pronounced（宣布），清晰呈现事件发展轨迹。 情感词强化冲突与温暖： 消极：predicament（困境）、little money（没钱）、disaster（灾难）； 积极：surprise（惊讶）、safe（安全）、kindness（善意），通过情感反差突出主题。 逻辑衔接手段 转折词：but（第 1 段，加油站无修理工）、then（第 2 段，老人询问后行动），衔接困境与转机。 因果关系：because（末段，老人因女儿而帮忙），点明行为根源。 指代衔接：this man（末段，指代老人）、his（指代老人的），确保叙述连贯。 四、题型与考点分析 1. 设题维度 语境理解（占比约 70%）：如 41 题 “dead”（手机没电）需结合 “car broke down” 的困境；45 题 “stopped”（停车加油）需联系下文老人主动帮忙的情节。 情感态度（占比约 20%）：如 47 题 “surprise”（惊讶）考查对老人突然相助的心理把握；52 题 “Kindness”（善意）总结全文情感基调。 固定搭配 / 熟词生义（占比约 10%）：如 44 题 “beat the heat”（避暑）、54 题 “save sb. from disaster”（使某人免于灾难），考查短语积累。 2. 干扰项设计特点 近义词混淆：如 45 题干扰项 “promised”（承诺）与正确项 “stopped”（停下），需结合 “加油” 的语境判断。 常识设陷：如 42 题干扰项 “policeman”（警察）与正确项 “mechanic”（修理工），需根据 “修车” 场景排除。 逻辑矛盾：如 44 题干扰项 “produce the heat”（产热）与 “避暑” 的语境矛盾，需通过逻辑排除。 五、文化与教育内涵 社会善意价值观：通过陌生人无私帮助的故事，批判 “事不关己” 的冷漠心态，倡导 “互助互爱” 的社会风尚。 同理心教育：老人因 “我” 似其女儿而伸出援手，体现 “将心比心” 的共情能力，呼应新课标对 “社会责任感与人文关怀” 的培养要求。
Task 1: Read based on discourse analysis
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词
④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系 ⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
41. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure C ①语境
42. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide A ①语境
43. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining D ①语境
44. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce B ①语境
45. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered C ①语境
46. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained D ①语境
47. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment A ①语境
48. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away B ①语境
49. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser C ②复现
50. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable D ⑨因果关系
51. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted A ①语境
52. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness B ①语境
53. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending C ①语境
54. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned A ①语境
55. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer B ②复现 ⑨因果关系
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
The story focuses on how a stranger kindly fixed the author’s broken car on the road, showing the power of kindness between strangers.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence (time or stage) Events Emotions
Breakdown (Initial Trouble) My car broke down suddenly while driving, leaving me stuck on the road. anxious/helpless
Seeking Help (Dilemma) I tried to find a mechanic at a gas station but failed. My phone was out of power, worsening the situation. desperate/frustrated
Stranger’s Intervention (Turning Point) A stranger noticed the trouble, stopped the car, and offered to check and fix it. surprised/hopeful
Fixing the Car (Development) The stranger struggled but managed to repair the car, getting it running again. grateful/relieved
Reflection (Ending) The car was fixed, making it safe to continue the trip, and I realized the kindness from strangers. moved/inspired
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1 （103 词）
我的车原本一直行驶顺畅【定语从句（描写背景环境）】，却突然在一条偏僻的公路上抛锚了。太阳无情地炙烤着大地，我的手机也没电了【with复合结构（描写环境，交代困境原因）】，我冲向附近的加油站，却发现没有修理工在岗。我站在车旁，恐慌紧紧攫住了我的心【独立主格结构（刻画心理状态）】。就在这时，一辆旧卡车出现了，司机停下车走了出来。“你的车出问题了吗？”他问道，声音很温暖。没等我回答【现在分词作伴随状语（动作连贯性）】，他就打开工具箱，仔细检查我的车，他那双经验丰富的手在发动机上灵活地移动着【独立主格结构（专业细节刻画）】。“问题出在火花塞上。” 过了一会儿他宣布道。
My car, which had been running smoothly, suddenly broke down on a lonely road. With the sun beating down mercilessly and my phone dead, I rushed to a nearby gas station, only to find no mechanic available. I stood by my car, panic tightening its grip on my heart. Just then, an old truck appeared, and the driver stopped to get out. “Trouble with your car ” he asked, his voice warm. Without waiting for my reply, he opened his toolbox and examined my car carefully, his experienced hands moving deftly over the engine. “Spark plug was the problem,” he pronounced after a while.
Paragraph 2 （80 词）
很快，发动机又轰鸣起来。我眼中涌起无限感激【独立主格结构（表达感激之情）】，试图向他道谢，但他摆了摆手。“我女儿和你年纪相仿。看到你【现在分词作时间状语】，我就觉得像是在帮她。” 他说，脸上带着温和的微笑。当我驾车离开时【as 时间状语从句（场景与情感联动）】，夕阳把天空染成了橙色，那位老人的善意像一团温暖的火焰在我心中燃烧【比喻修辞 + 并列句（抽象情感具象化）】。我发誓要将这份善意传递下去，因为我知道小小的善举也能照亮别人的生活【现在分词作原因状语】。
Soon, the engine roared back to life. Gratitude welling up in my eyes, I tried to thank him, but he waved it off. “My daughter’s your age. Seeing you, I felt like helping her,” he said, a gentle smile on his face. As I drove away, the sunset painted the sky orange and the old man’s kindness glowed in my heart like a warm fire. I vowed to pass on such goodwill, knowing small acts could light up others’ days.人与社会：2024年九省联考完形填空导学案（学生版）
Task 1: Reading based on discourse analysis
【2024年九省联考】
①I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was 41 , too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no 42 on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for 43 the car.
②I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 44 the heat when an older gentleman 45 to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I 46 my predicament (困境). To my 47 , the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 48 a tool set.
③Right then and there, this total 49 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were 50 to function. After about an hour, he 51 that my car was safe to finish the trip.
④ 52 came at the hands of a stranger. 53 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man 54 a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his 55 .
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词
④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系
⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
41. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure
42. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide
43. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining
44. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce
45. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered
46. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained
47. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment
48. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away
49. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser
50. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable
51. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted
52. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness
53. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending
54. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned
55. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
The story focuses on how a __________ kindly ______ the author’s ____________ on the road, showing __________________________________________.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence (time or stage) Events Emotions
Breakdown (Initial Trouble) My car ___________ suddenly while driving, leaving me stuck on the road. ___________
Seeking Help (Dilemma) I tried to find a __________ at a gas station but _____. My phone was _____________, worsening the situation. desperate/frustrated
Stranger’s Intervention (Turning Point) A stranger noticed the trouble, ________ the car, and offered to check and ______ it. _____________
Fixing the Car (Development) The stranger struggled but managed to ______the car, getting it running again. _____________
Reflection (Ending) The car was fixed, making it ______ to continue the trip, and I realized the ________ from strangers. _____________
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1
我的车原本一直行驶顺畅【定语从句（描写背景环境）】，却突然在一条偏僻的公路上抛锚了。太阳无情地炙烤着大地，我的手机也没电了【with复合结构（描写环境，交代困境原因）】，我冲向附近的加油站，却发现没有修理工在岗。我站在车旁，恐慌紧紧攫住了我的心【独立主格结构（刻画心理状态）】。就在这时，一辆旧卡车出现了，司机停下车走了出来。“你的车出问题了吗？”他问道，声音很温暖。没等我回答【现在分词作伴随状语（动作连贯性）】，他就打开工具箱，仔细检查我的车，他那双经验丰富的手在发动机上灵活地移动着【独立主格结构（专业细节刻画）】。“问题出在火花塞上。” 过了一会儿他宣布道。
My car, _____________________________________, suddenly broke down on a lonely road. _____________________________________, I rushed to a nearby gas station, only to find no mechanic available. I stood by my car, _____________________________________. Just then, an old truck appeared, and the driver stopped to get out. “Trouble with your car ” he asked, his voice warm. _____________________________________, he opened his toolbox and examined my car carefully, __________________________________________________________. “Spark plug was the problem,” he pronounced after a while.
Paragraph 2 （97 词）
很快，发动机又轰鸣起来。我眼中涌起无限感激【独立主格结构（表达感激之情）】，试图向他道谢，但他摆了摆手。“我女儿和你年纪相仿。看到你【现在分词作时间状语】，我就觉得像是在帮她。” 他说，脸上带着温和的微笑。当我驾车离开时【as 时间状语从句（场景与情感联动）】，夕阳把天空染成了橙色，那位老人的善意像一团温暖的火焰在我心中燃烧【比喻修辞 + 并列句（抽象情感具象化）】。我发誓要将这份善意传递下去，因为我知道小小的善举也能照亮别人的生活【现在分词作原因状语】。
Soon, the engine roared back to life. _______________________________________, I tried to thank him, but he waved it off. “My daughter’s your age. _______________, I felt like helping her,” he said, a gentle smile on his face. _______________________________________, the sunset___________________________________ and the old man’s kindness _______________________________________. I vowed to pass on such goodwill, _______________________________________.
