人与自我：2024年新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空导学案（教师版）
试题来源 语篇类型 主题语境 题材
2024年新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我—生活与学习 设定合适自己的目标
一、语篇主题与核心思想 本文以第一人称叙述 “我” 在运动经历中寻找自我目标的过程：从受他人成就激励开始跑步，到因对比而放弃；转向骑行后又因挑战受挫，最终领悟到 “目标需为自己而设” 的人生哲理。主题围绕自我激励与外部影响的冲突、个人成长中的目标定位，体现了新课标对 “个人发展与自我认知” 主题的关注。 语篇结构分析 段落内容划分核心事件 / 观点第1段引言总述 “我” 一生受他人成就激励与打击的经历。第2段跑步经历（动机→挫败）朋友赢马拉松后 “我” 开始规律跑步，但因遇到跑超马的女孩和跑步的枯燥感而放弃。第3段骑行经历（尝试→受挫）“我” 转向骑行并梦想参赛，却在圣地亚哥因山路挑战被当地骑手超越，失去骑行热情。第4段感悟与升华“我” 意识到目标需为自己设立，实现个人成长。
结构特点： 采用时间顺序 + 事件对比结构，以 “跑步→骑行→领悟” 的经历链展开，每段以具体事件反映心理变化。 首尾呼应：首段总述 “受他人影响”，末段以 “目标为自己而设” 收束，形成认知闭环。 三、语言与逻辑分析 1. 词汇选择与情感色彩 动词链体现行为转变：
started running（开始）→decided...run again（放弃）→turned to cycling（转向）→didn’t seem appealing（失去兴趣）→come to accept（领悟），清晰呈现心理轨迹。 情感词强化对比： 积极：motivated（激励）、dreamed of（梦想）； 消极：demotivated（挫败）、boredom（枯燥）、hated（厌恶），通过情感反差突出主题。 逻辑衔接手段 转折词：but then（第 2 段）、until（第 3 段）、suddenly（第 3 段），推动情节转折； 因果关系：Between...and...I decided（第 2 段）、That day, I got...（第 3 段），解释行为动机； 指代衔接：such roads（第 3 段，指代前文 “uphill roads”）、they（末段，指代 “goals”），确保语篇连贯。 四、题型与考点分析 1. 设题维度 语境理解（占比约 70%）：如 41 题won a marathon（朋友赢比赛激发 “我” 跑步）、49 题borrowed her bike（借姐姐的自行车），需结合上下文事件逻辑选择； 情感态度（占比约 20%）：如 44 题hated it（对 15 英里跑步的厌恶）、53 题appealing（骑行失去吸引力），考查对人物心理的把握； 固定搭配 / 熟词生义（占比约 10%）：如 47 题turned to cycling（转向骑行）、55 题set goals（设定目标），涉及动词短语和名词搭配。 2. 干扰项设计特点 利用近义词混淆：如 41 题干扰项held（举办）与正确项won（赢得），需结合 “激励” 语境判断； 结合常识设陷：如 50 题problem（问题）与干扰项secret（秘密），需根据 “山路难骑” 的事实选择； 情感误导：如 44 题干扰项made it（成功）与后文 “boredom” 矛盾，需通过情感逻辑排除。 五、文化与教育内涵 反 “内卷” 价值观：通过 “他人成就→自我怀疑→放弃” 的循环，批判盲目与他人比较的心理，倡导 “目标个性化” 的成长观； 成长型思维：末段 “goals have to be my own” 呼应新课标对 “自我认知与独立思考” 的培养要求，体现 “在经历中反思” 的教育理念。
Task 1: Read based on discourse analysis
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词
④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系 ⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit C ①语境
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently A ①语境
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training D ①语境
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved C ⑦转折关系
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence B ①语境
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason D ①语境
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with C ⑥递进关系
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved B ①语境
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked B ①语境
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice A ①语境
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges D ③同义词
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped A ①语境
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing D ⑦转折关系
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried B ①语境
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests C ③同义词
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
A cycle of feeling motivated by others' achievements but ultimately discouraged by comparison teaches me that true fulfillment comes from pursuing personal goals rather than measuring oneself against others.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence(time or stage) Events Emotions
Inspiration A neighborhood friend's marathon victory first ignited my passion for running. inspired
Attempt I began training regularly, pushing myself to longer distances. motivated
Comparison Meeting a girl training for an ultramarathon made my 15-mile achievement feel insignificant. discouraged
Discouragement Between strong comparisons and the boredom of jogging, I quit running with a self-mocking joke. defeated
New Attempt I channeled my energy into cycling, dreaming of competitive races. enthusiastic/ hopeful
Repeat Cycle Being outpaced by 100 local riders in San Diego crushed my cycling confidence just as running had. frustrated
Final Realization With maturity came the understanding that true fulfillment requires self-defined goals, not external standards. accepting/ enlightening
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1 （107 词）
受邻居赢得马拉松的鼓舞【过去分词短语作状语，表原因（触发行动的动机）】，我每天清晨系上鞋带去跑步。起初还挺自豪，可后来一个女孩说她在备战 52.4 英里的 “超级” 赛事，这话让我的 15 英里跑显得毫无分量【简单句，表结果（他人评价的否定性影响）】。说实话，随着每一步都更觉枯燥，加上她的骄傲让我的努力显得渺小【with 复合结构，表伴随状态（心理疲惫 + 外界打击的叠加）】， 我拖着步子熬完了那段长跑。路好像没尽头，腿又酸，太阳还烤着后背【并列句，环境 + 身体感受描写（强化 “煎熬” 画面）】。浑身是汗又累瘫，我赌咒再也不跑了 —— 除非有条狗追我。那时才明白，追逐别人的目标只会让自己精疲力竭、满心沮丧【宾语从句，心理领悟（为 “自我反思” 做铺垫）】。
Motivated by my neighbor’s marathon win, I laced up my shoes every morning and ran. At first, I felt proud, but then a girl said she was training for a 52.4-mile “super” race. Her words made my 15-mile run seem unimportant. To be honest, with boredom growing step by step and her pride making my effort feel small, I dragged myself through that long run. The road seemed endless, my legs ached, and the sun burned my back. I was sweaty and tired, and I said I’d never run again unless a dog chased me. I realized chasing others’ goals only left me worn out and sad.
Paragraph 2 （97 词）
我转而骑车，幻想着赢比赛【现在分词短语作状语，表伴随心理（新目标的憧憬）】。可去圣地亚哥看望姐姐时，一次骑行改变了一切【简单句，表转折事件（情节的关键转折点）】 。她上班时，我借了她的车骑进山谷。山像高墙般耸立，路蜿蜒陡峭【with 复合结构，环境描写（渲染骑行的艰难环境）】 ，本地骑手很快就超过了我 —— 他们早习惯了这样的路。风在吹，我却喘得厉害。推着车上坡时，看着他们飞驰而过，我臊得慌【现在分词短语作状语，表伴随情感（对比后的羞愧感）】。回到家，骑车突然没了吸引力 【简单句，表结果（兴趣消散，呼应前文转折）】。慢慢我明白：目标得是自己的，不能只是照搬别人的【并列结构，主题升华（点明核心领悟）】。
I switched to cycling, dreaming of winning races. But when I visited my sister in San Diego, a bike ride changed everything. While she worked, I borrowed her bike and rode into valleys. With hills rising like big walls and roads winding steeply, local riders passed me fast—they were used to the tough paths. The wind blew, but I still panted hard. I pushed the bike uphill, feeling ashamed as they zoomed by. When I got back, cycling lost its charm. Slowly, I came to accept: my goals must be my own, not just copies of others.人与自我：2024年新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空导学案（学生版）
Task 1: Reading based on discourse analysis
【2024新课标I卷】
①I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life.
②When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
③So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 .
④I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
1. Finish the chart below with the clues.
Semantic field语义场: ①Context 语境 ②Repetition 复现 ③Synonym 同义词
④Hyponym 上下义 ⑤Antonym 反义词
Logical relation逻辑关系: ⑥Progressive relation递进关系 ⑦Adversative relation 转折关系
⑧Explanation 解释说明 ⑨Causal relation 因果关系
Choices Answer Clue
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
2. Read the passage and finish the exercises below.
(1) What’s the main idea of the story
A cycle of feeling motivated by ___________________ but ultimately discouraged by ___________________ teaches me that true fulfillment comes from ______________________
___________________________________________________________.
(2) Complete the structure of the passage.
Sequence(time or stage) Events Emotions
Inspiration A neighborhood friend's marathon ___________ first ignited my passion for running. ___________
Attempt I began _____________, pushing myself to longer distances. motivated
Comparison Meeting a girl training for an ultramarathon made my 15-mile achievement feel ___________. ___________
Discouragement Between crushing comparisons and the tedium of jogging, I ___________ running with a self-deprecating joke. ___________
New Attempt I channeled my energy into ___________, dreaming of competitive races. ___________
Repeat Cycle Being outpaced by 100 local riders in San Diego shattered my cycling ___________ just as running had. frustrated
Final Realization With maturity came the understanding that true fulfillment requires ___________ goals, not external benchmarks. ___________
Task 2: Practice based on language features
Translate the underlined part of the story with the useful expressions.
Paragraph 1
受邻居赢得马拉松的鼓舞【过去分词短语作状语，表原因（触发行动的动机）】，我每天清晨系上鞋带去跑步。起初还挺自豪，可后来一个女孩说她在备战 52.4 英里的 “超级” 赛事，这话让我的 15 英里跑显得毫无分量【简单句，表结果（他人评价的否定性影响）】。说实话，随着每一步都更觉枯燥，加上她的骄傲让我的努力显得渺小【with 复合结构，表伴随状态（心理疲惫 + 外界打击的叠加）】， 我拖着步子熬完了那段长跑。路好像没尽头，腿又酸，太阳还烤着后背【并列句，环境 + 身体感受描写（强化 “煎熬” 画面）】。浑身是汗又累瘫，我赌咒再也不跑了 —— 除非有条狗追我。那时才明白，追逐别人的目标只会让自己精疲力竭、满心沮丧【宾语从句，心理领悟（为 “自我反思” 做铺垫）】。
________________________________________________, I laced up my shoes every morning and ran. At first, I felt proud, but then a girl said she was training for a 52.4-mile “super” race. __________________________________________________. To be honest, ______________________
__________________________________________________, I dragged myself through that long run. _________________________________________________. I was sweaty and tired, and I said I’d never run again unless a dog chased me. ____________________________________________________.
Paragraph 2 （97 词）
我转而骑车，幻想着赢比赛【现在分词短语作状语，表伴随心理（新目标的憧憬）】。可去圣地亚哥看望姐姐时，一次骑行改变了一切【简单句，表转折事件（情节的关键转折点）】 。她上班时，我借了她的车骑进山谷。山像高墙般耸立，路蜿蜒陡峭【with 复合结构，环境描写（渲染骑行的艰难环境）】 ，本地骑手很快就超过了我 —— 他们早习惯了这样的路。风在吹，我却喘得厉害。推着车上坡时，看着他们飞驰而过，我臊得慌【现在分词短语作状语，表伴随情感（对比后的羞愧感）】。回到家，骑车突然没了吸引力 【简单句，表结果（兴趣消散，呼应前文转折）】。慢慢我明白：目标得是自己的，不能只是照搬别人的【并列结构，主题升华（点明核心领悟）】。
I switched to cycling, _____________________________. But when I visited my sister in San Diego,_________________________________. While she worked, I borrowed her bike and rode into valleys. __________________________________________________, local riders passed me fast—they were used to the tough paths. The wind blew, but I still panted hard. I pushed the bike uphill, _________________________________. When I got back, _______________________________. Slowly, I came to accept: ______________________________________________________.
