2026届高考英语二轮复习：时态和语态 课件(共84张PPT)

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英语
时态
时态：表示谓语动词的动作或状态发生的时间和方式
我每天学习语法
昨晚我学习了语法
我明天将学习语法
我现在正在学习语法
昨天这个时候我正在学习语法
明天这个时候我将正在学习语法
我已经学习语法三年了
在我上大学之前我就已经学过了语法
到年底我将学完全部的语法
从中学起我就一直在学习语法
时间 过去 现在 将来 过去将来
一般 一般过去 一般现在 一般将来 过去将来
进行 过去进行 现在进行 将来进行 过去将来进行
完成 过去完成 现在完成 将来完成 过去将来完成
完成 进行 过去完成进行 现在完成 进行 将来完成 进行 过去将来
完成进行
状态
九大时态
时间 现在 过去 将来 过去将来
一般 do/does did shall/will do should/would do
进行 am/is/are doing was/were doing shall/will be doing should/would be doing
完成 have/has done had done shall/will have done should/would have done
完成 进行 have/has been doing had been doing shall/will have been doing should/would have been doing
状态
一、一般现在时
1.形式：do/does, am/is/are
2. 用法：
（1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如always, often, usually, every day, now and then, from time to time。
He always studies English in the morning.
（2）表示客观事实或普遍真理。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
Note:
宾语从句中，如果从句是表示客观事实或规律句子时，时态可以不受主句时态限制，要用一般现在时。
The teacher told his students that light (travel) much faster than sound.
Columbus proved that the earth （be） round.
travels
is
（3）表示安排或计划好的将要发生的动作，或表示按时间表将要发生的动作，这种安排不可更改或随意变动，常常用于动词：be， arrive，come，go，start，begin，leave，return，end，stop。
The concert begins at 7 p.m. and ends at 9 p.m.
一般现在表将来
— When are you leaving
— My plane ______ at six.
A. took off B. take off
C. takes off D. will take off
（4）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句或条件状语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”。常见if, unless, when, until, as soon as等。
I'll tell him about the news when he comes.
I'll go with you as soon as I finish my work.
She will visit the West Lake if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
3.时间标志词
every系列：every morning， every afternoon， every evening， every day，every week，every month， every year
频率副词系列：always，usually， often，sometimes，seldom，never
频率词组系列：once a week，twice a week，three times a week，four times a week
练习. 用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空
1. We often _____ (play) in the playground.
2. He ____ (get) up at six o’clock every day.
3. ___ you (brush) your teeth every morning
4. What he usually (do) after school
5. Danny (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6.She (watch) TV with his parents every evening.
play
gets
brush
Do
do
does
studies
watches
Gary is the best singer in my class. No one else ____ so well.
sings
sang
1.
will sing
is singing
A
二、一般过去时
形式：did \was \ were
（1）表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示特定过去时间的状语连用，如：three days ago, yesterday, in 1994, last week, last year。
I bought a dog yesterday.
（2）表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与often, usually, seldom 等频度副词连用。
She often came to help us in those days.
标志词
yesterday系列： yesterday morning / afternoon …
last系列：last night / week / month / year …
ago系列：two days / weeks / months / years ago …
in系列： in 1998 / in 2008 …
on系列：on Sunday morning / this morning …
I've just returned from my trip to London. I ____ (visit) many interesting places there.
1.
—Linda is not coming for the party tonight.
—But she ____ (promise) !
2.
Several journalists ____ (interview) the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.
3.
—Did you do anything interesting last Sunday
—Not really. I just ____ (stay) at home.
4.
—Oh, my God! I ____ (not know)you were in
Beijing, too! When did you come
—I have lived in Beijing since 2015.
5.
visited
promised
interviewed
stayed
didn't know
1.句意:我刚从伦敦旅行回来,参观了那里很多有趣的地方。本题考查动词的时态。
根据前一句的时态是现在完成时,可知本句话是在具体描述发生过的事情,所以用一般过去时
态。
2.句意:——琳达今晚将不来参加聚会。——但是她答应过!本题考查动词时态。由答语“但是她答应过”可知“答应”发生在说话之前,属于过去时间里发生的动作
3.句意:几个新闻记者一个小时前就这个国际案件采访了那个律师。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语an hour ago可知本空用一般过去时态
4.句意:——上周日你做什么有趣的事了吗 ——没什么,我只是待在家里了。本题考查一般过去时的用法。根据问句中的标志词“last Sunday”可知该题选择一般过去时
5.句意:——噢,天哪!我不知道你也在北京!你什么时候来的 ——我自2015年以来就住在北京了。本题考查动词的时态。由句意可知此处仅说明“不知道”这个动作发生在过去,与现在没有关系,所以本句应用一般过去时态
What did you do I_______ TV last night.


1.
watch
watched
watches
to watch
D
--Did you do anything interesting last Sunday
--Not really. I just _____ at home.

2.
stayed
am staying
stay
will stay
A
三、一般将来时
1.will+动词原形：
将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
My elder brother will be twenty years old next year.
shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称。
I shall/will get better grades next term.
2.be going to do+动词原形，表明主观打算做某事或迹象表明即将发生某事。
Jean is going to meet me at the airport.
It is cloudy. I think it is going to rain soon.
一般将来时常见时间状语：
tomorrow类：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow 等
next +时间：next week, next month, next year 等
in + 时间段：in two days, in a week 等
其他：in the future , one day, someday 等
1.
2.
3.
Steve is going to London next week. He ____(stay) with some friends.
4.
There’s a good film on Channel 6 tonight. ____ you ____(watch) it
5.
am going to
wash
are … going to wear
am going to walk
is going to stay
Are … going to watch
My hands are dirty. I ____(wash) them.
What ____ you ____(wear) at the party tonight, Michael
It’s a nice day. I don’t want to take the bus. I ____(walk).
According to the latest news,the government ______ a new bridge in my hometown next summer.
A. is going to build B. built
C. builds D. build
语法总结
形式 用法 人称 变化
shall 征求意见 更多用于 第一人称 shall无变化
will 表示意愿 临时决定 不限 will无变化
be going to 已计划好 有迹象的 不限 be有变化
4.be about to do 表示正要或即将发生的动作，不能与表示将来的时间状语连用。
The new school year is about to begin.
We are about to leave, so there is no time to visit her now.
Note: 否定形式：
be not about to do “不愿做......，不打算做.......”
She is not about to make the same mistakes.
3.be to do:常表示按安排、计划要做的事或即将发生的动作，后面通常有确切时间状语。
The government is to introduce a new law next month.
4.be on the point of doing 表示即将做某事，“正要做......，即将做......”
She is on the point of crying.
5.be doing 表示在不久的将来要做某事，只能用于位移动词
join,leave, go, come, start, begin, arrive, take off 现在进行表将来
Like other people, I am starting to pay attention to my health.
I am taking Jane out of dinner tonight.
牛刀小试
I believe he ____ ____(be) able to reach the top of the mountain ____ ____ ____(两天后).
There ____ ____ ____ ____ ____(not be) a new American film on ________ _________(下周).
____ your teacher ____(show) you around the museum ________ _____________(明天早上).
The school sports meeting ____ ____ ____ ____(take) place ____ ______________ _______(2026年9月10日).
will be
in two days
is not going to be
next week
Will show
tomorrow morning
is going to take
on Sept. 10th, 2026
I'm busy now. I ____ to you after school this afternoon.
talk
talked
1.
will talk
have talked
答案： C　
简析：我现在忙。今天下午放学后我找你谈话。本题考查动词时态。由句意可知还没有发生,应用一般将来时,故答案为C项。
C
— Do you have any plans for tonight
— Yes, I ____ at the new Italian restaurant in town.
eat
have eaten
2.
ate
am going to eat
答案：D
简析：你今晚有什么计划吗 有,我打算去镇上的那家新开的意式饭店吃饭。本题考查动词时态。根据句意和关键词plans for tonight 可知应该使用一般将来时,故选D项。
D
四、现在进行时
1.形式：be doing
2.用法：
（1）表示现在、目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。
Today the number of students are learning English in the classroom.
He is studying physics very hard these days.
Mary is helping Tom pack this suitcase at present.
（2）与always, forever, constantly等副词连用，表示某种感情，如赞许、厌烦、不满、同情等。表示“总是，老是”。
He is always making trouble for his friends.
The little boy is always thinking of others.
3.标志词
Look! Listen!
now, at this moment, at present
these days, this month/year
Note:不能用于进行时态的动词：
（1） 事实状态的动词
have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue
（2）心理状态的动词
know, realize, think, see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate
Note:不能用于进行时态的动词：
（3） 瞬间动词
accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.
（4） 系动词
seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn
The boy is ____ (draw) a picture now.
1.
They’re ____ (have) an English lesson.
2.
What ____(be) our daughter doing
3.
She ____(listen) to music.
3.
Look! Tom and John ____ (swim).
4.
drawing
having
is
is listening
are swimming
解析：主要考察动词变为现在分词的变化规律，并且需要注意主谓一致。
—Paul, I'm busy cooking. Can you give me a hand
—Just a minute. I ____ my e-mail.
am checking
will check
3
have checked
was checking
答案：A
简析：保罗，我正忙着做饭。你能帮我一下吗？稍等,我正在检查我的电子邮件。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知是正检查电子邮件，故应该选择现在进行时。
A
—Honey, where are you
—I ____. Just let me put on my shoes.
come
came
1
am coming　
have come
答案：C　
简析：亲爱的,你在哪儿？马上来,让我穿上鞋。根据语境可知这个动作是将要发生,属于将来时态,come这个词可以用现在进行时表示将来,所以选C项。
C
五、过去进行时
1.形式：was/were doing
2.用法：表示过去某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时正在进行的动作。
I was going shopping with my mum yesterday morning.
We were talking about that book at that time.
表示两个动作同时进行时候，用while连接。
While Tom was drying his car, he notice that the garage roof was leaking.
sb. was/were doing sth when sth. done.
某人正在做某事的时候，某事正在发生。
The students were playing football outdoors when the educator arrived.
标志词：
at that time
at that moment
this time yesterday
the whole morning
I saw Sam and David in the playground yesterday afternoon. They __________________ (play) games with their classmates then.
语法填空
01
were playing
Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now
Certainly. In the principal’s office. They ____________ (talk) happily at that time.
语法填空
02
were talking
Tim Cook called his mother every week even while he _______________ (travel) around the world.
语法填空
05
was traveling
六、将来进行时
1.形式：shall/will be doing
2.用法：
表示将来某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时正在进行的动作，或按计划在将来某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时将要进行的动作。
What will you be doing this time tomorrow
She will be studying French at college this time next year.
3.标志：at 8 a.m. tomorrow, in the next three weeks, this time tomorrow/next week/next year
Complete the sentences using the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.
Don't call me between 12:30 and 13:00. I ________________ a nap. (take)
After the training, the farmers decided that they ____________________________ tomatoes the next year. (grow)
The engineer was sure that the medical tests ____________ that he was healthy. (show)
The day after tomorrow they are going to play football from 4:00 to 6:00 p.m. So at 4:30 they ________________ soccer. (play)
will be taking
would grow / would be growing
would show
will be playing
Complete the sentences using the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.
Do you think you ___________________ the same job in ten years time (still do)
If you need to contact me, I ___________________ at the Waterfall Hotel until this Saturday. (stay)
A: If you see David, can you ask him to call me
B: Sure. I ________________ him this afternoon. I will tell him
then.(see)
8. A: Is it all right if I come at about 7:00
B: Not really.I ________________ the news and having
dinner with my family. (watch)
will still be doing
will be staying
will be seeing
will be watching
七、现在完成时
1.形式：have/has done
（1）表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或结果，着眼于现在。
We have just come back from the United States.
I have only been to the Great Wall once.
3.标志词：
for + 时间段 / since + 过去时间点(从句)
already / yet / ever / never / just / recently / lately
so far / in the past few years
up to now
in recent years
Note：since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。
The Greens have lived in Beijing since they came to China.
My father has been to Beijing.
My father has gone to Beijing.
My father has been in Beijing.
have gone to
have been to
去了
到过
已经去了某地，还没回来
曾经到过某地，已经回来
have been in
已经在
在某地一段时间
---Alice came back home the day before yesterday.
---Really Where _______
A. has she been
B. has she gone
C. had she been
D. had she gone
特殊句型：
（1）This/That/It is the+序数词+time+that 从句
从句应用现在完成时，“这是......第几次......”
This is the first time that his painting has been displayed to the public.
Note：
This/That/It was the+序数词+time+that 从句
从句用过去完成时
This was the first time that his painting had been displayed to the public.
—____ you ever ____ the history museum, Paul
—No, I haven’t.
Do, visit
Did,visit
1.
Have, visited
Will, visit
C
—What do you think of your Middle School life
—It ____ many sweet memories in my heart in the past 3 years.
leave
left
4.
has left
will leave
C
八、过去完成时
1.形式：had done
2.用法：
表示过去某一时刻前已完成的事情，或者表示从过去某个时间开始一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作。表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
He said that he had learned some English before.
She had washed the clothes before she watched TV.
3.标志词：
before/after/when/by + 过去时间
by the end of + 过去时间，“到.....为止”
Note: by the time+时间
①by+过去时间，主句时态：过去完成时（had done）
By the time he was 18, he had applied for a doctor's degree.
②by+现在时间，主句时态：现在完成时（have/has done）
By now, I have learned 6 English songs.
③by+将来时间，主句时态：将来完成时（will have done）
By the time you come back, I will have finished it .
By the end of last year,
Bob ____ (learn) 3000 English words.
1.
That rich old man ____ (make) a will
before he ____ (die).
2.
When I ____(arrive) at the station,
the bus ____(leave).
3.
4.
She ____ (not go) to Qingdao because she____ (go) there before.
5.
had learnt
had made
died
arrived
had left
had painted
moved
didn’t go
had been
We ____ (paint) the house
before we ____ (move) in.
He ____ in the factory for three years before he joined
the Army.
had worked
worked
1.
has worked
Will work
A
How many English words ____ you ____ by the end of last term
had; learnt
have; learnt
3.
did; learn
are; learnt
A
九、将来完成时
1.形式：shall/will have done
2.用法：（1）表示在将来某时之前或某动作发生之前已经发生的动作。
We shall/will have met that manager by next Monday.
（2）表示一个持续到将来某时之前或某动作发生之前的动作。
By next Monday, he will have studied here for three years.
3.标志词：by+将来时间
1. By the time Jack returns home from England, his son __________(graduate) from college.
2. On her next birthday, she ________________(be) married for twenty years.
3. We _________________(learn) 5000 words by the end of the term.
4. The building _________________ (build)by the end of next year.
5. By the time next week, the winners _________________ (receive)their awards.
will have graduated
will have been
will have learned
will have built
will have received
---“Are you going to Richard’s birthday party ”
---“Yes. By then I ______my homework.”
A. had finished
B. will have finished
C. have finished
D. finished
十、现在完成进行时：
1.形式：have/has been doing
2.用法：
表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能还要继续进行下去。强调动作的持续性；还可表示重复性的动作。 多用于延续性动词
The patient has been complaining of a pain in his stomach since noon.
3.标志词：all this time, this week, this month, all morning, recently, for+时间，since+时间
Practice
For the whole morning, the board of directors ___________ ___________(discuss) the resolution to increase wages in the coming year.
Jason’s only recreation is painting. He ______________ (learn) how to paint for over five years.
Even though we lost the game, we should be proud of ourselves because we ______ (try) our best and _______ (work) as a team.
has been
discussing
has been learning
tried
worked
Complete the sentences below using the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. Then explain your reasons to your partner.
Practice
Complete the sentences below using the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. Then explain your reasons to your partner.
He finally ________ (finish) the research paper under his tutor’s guidance.
My nephew Sam _________________ (collect) comic books since he was five. Now he has more than two hundred of them.
The company ________________________________ (launch) an advertising campaign to promote its corporate image.
finished
has been collecting
is launching / has launched / launched
She has worked for 2 hours.
She has been working for 2 hours.
现在完成时 VS 现在完成进行时
结构：
have/has been doing
The teacher_____ the students how to improve spoken English all the afternoon.
A. tells
B. has told
C. has been telling
D. will have told
--- Why, Jack, you look so tired!
--- Well, I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A.was painting
B. will be painting
C. have painted
D. have been painting
时间 现在 过去 将来 过去将来
一般 do/does did shall/will do should/would do
进行 am/is/are doing was/were doing shall/will be doing should/would be doing
完成 have/has done had done shall/will have done should/would have done
完成 进行 have/has been doing had been doing shall/will have been doing should/would have been doing
状态
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英语
专升本语法
---被动语态
语态：主动语态、被动语态
通过动词呈现
他打开了这扇门。
He opens the door.
The door is opened by him. 被动语态：主语是动作承受者
主动语态：主语是动作执行者
We speak English . （主动语态）
主语 谓语 宾语
English is spoken by us .（被动语态）
主语 谓语 宾语
宾变主，主变宾，前加by
动变被，看清be，结构变为be+done
1.形式：be done
2.不能使用被动语态的情况：
（1）所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。
如：take place(发生)，happen(发生)，die , end (vi. 结束), fail, lie, come true
The story happened in 1990 .
（2）系动词无被动语态：be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look,seem, smell, sound, taste.
The piece of music sounds good.
（3）表示静态的动词或短语没有被动语态：
last, benefit, dislike, join, mean, have, possess, lack, cost, equal, become, suffer, look like, consist of, belong to, feel like
Each game lasts about an hour.
3.用法：
（1）当不知道或没有必要指出动作执行者时。
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
（2）当强调或突出动作的承受者时。
The three-year plan was very successfully carried out.
4.特殊句型：
It is/was said/supposed/reported/believed/expected that
据....../人们......
=sb/sth is/was said/supposed/reported/believed/expected to do
It is said that the company will take relevant measures.
=The company is said to take relevant measures.
It was reported that this country had launched another satellite.
=This country was reported to have launched another satellite.
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被动语态
An accident _______ on this road last week.
A. has happened
B. was happened
C. is happened
D. happened
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Many research labs ______ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology.
A. are building
B. will be built
C. were built
D. have bulit
做题步骤：
时态语态---先语态，后时态
So far, the moon _____ by man already.
A. is visited
B. has visited
C. has been visited
D. was visited
做题步骤：
时态语态---先语态，后时态
（一）一般现在时被动：主语+ am / is / are+done
Smokers are warned that smoking is harmful to their health.
（二）一般过去时被动：主语+was / were + done
They were given a warm send-off last week.
（三）现在完成时被动：主语+have / has + been +done
Many new buildings have been completed in the city.
（四）过去完成时被动：主语+had been+done
He had been warned not to tell anyone about it.
（五）一般将来时被动：主语+will + be + done
Traffic laws will be strictly enforced next month.
主语+be going to be+done
Your watch is going to be repaired in an hour.
（六）现在进行时被动：主语+be + being + done
The traffic accident is being looked into.
（七）过去进行时被动：was/were being+done
The road was being built when I came last time.
（八）将来完成时被动：shall/will have been+done
The design will have been completed by the end of this week.
（九）过去将来完成时被动：should/would have been+done
The headmaster said that the teaching building would have been completed before May.
（十）过去将来时被动：should/would be+done
He said that his homework would be finished soon.
被动语态:主+ be +过去分词+(by sb)
1. He eats the apple.
2. He ate the apple.
3. He is eating the apple.
4. He was eating the apple.
5. He will eat the apple.
6. He would eat the apple.
7. He has eaten the apple.
8. He had eaten the apple.
1. The apple is eaten by him.
2. The apple was eaten by him.
3. The apple is being eaten by him.
4. The apple was being eaten by him.
5. The apple will be eaten by him.
6. The apple would be eaten by him.
7. The apple has been eaten by him.
8. The apple had been eaten by him.
主动表被动
（1）感官系动词与形容词连用，其主动形式可以表示被动意义，如 feel, look, seem, appear, taste, sound, smell等，主语通常是“物”。
This shirt feels much softer than that one.
（2）某些表示主语品质或特性的动词，如read, write, wash, clean, bake, burn, draw open, cut, sell, wear等常与well, easily, smoothly等副词连用，用主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是“物”。
The new ballpoint pen writes very smoothly.
（3）“两个需要”（need，require）+“两个值得”（worth，deserve），主语是物，动词ing形式主动表被动。
The floor requires mopping.
The book is worth reading.
The point deserves mentioning.
（4）某些不定式主动也可以表示被动。
Who is to blame for the accident be to blame=should be blamed for
I have a lot of homework to do. do和homework构成动宾关系
be worth doing sth
be worthy of being done sth
it’s worthwhile to do sth
Hou Yi _______ magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
A. is given
B. gave
C. has given
D. was given
做题步骤：
时态语态---先语态，后时态
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Waste paper shouldn't ______ everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean.
A. be thrown
B. throw
C. is thrown
D. are thrown
做题步骤：
时态语态---先语态，后时态
Your computer needs ____.
A. repair
B. repairing
C. to repair
D. being repaired