Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 课件(共34张PPT)-人教版(2019) 选择性必修第二册
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 课件(共34张PPT)-人教版(2019) 选择性必修第二册 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 49.0MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-05 02:42:14 | ||
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(共34张PPT)
Unit 1
Science and Scientists
Reading and Thinking
1
Learning Objectives
02
Learning Objectives
Read articles, grasp the time clues of texts, master the relevant vocabulary and expressions of scientific research, and apply them to practice.
Language Ability
01
Understand the important contributions of Chinese and foreign scientists and their character characteristics and noble character, in-depth understanding of the connotation of the scientific spirit establish the concept of innovation, perseverance, hard work.
Cultural Awareness
Learning Objectives
Through the analysis of Snow’s process of overcoming cholera, the basic steps of scientific research are sorted out. Through Snow's deeds and understanding the meaning of the spirit of questioning, learn to think critically and form your own opinions and opinions.
Thinking Quality
Read articles, grasp the time clues of texts, master the relevant vocabulary and expressions of scientific research, and apply them to practice.
Learning Ability
04
03
2
Key and difficult points
Key and difficult points
1. Cultivate students' spirit of scientific inquiry.
2. Guide students to understand the important role of questioning spirit in scientific research and think about the impact of scientific research on human beings.
Difficult points
1. Guide students to get familiar with and master the topic vocabulary of this part.
2. Guide students to study the text, sort out the information and analyze the structure.
3. Guide students to understand the basic steps of scientific research and learn to ask questions independently in reading.
Key points
3
Reading and Thinking
Lead-in
To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle, requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.
-Albert Einstein & Leopold Infeld
提出新的问题，新的可能性，从新的角度看旧问题，需要创造性的想象力，这是科学的真正飞跃。
——爱因斯坦和利奥波德·因菲尔德
Albert Einstein
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是美国和瑞士双国籍的犹太裔物理学家，1905年，提出光子假设，成功解释了光电效应（因此获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖）；同年创立狭义相对论，1915年创立广义相对论。爱因斯坦的理论为核能的开发奠定了理论基础，为帮助对抗纳粹，他曾在利奥·西拉德等人的协助下致信美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福，直接促成了曼哈顿计划的启动，而二战后他积极倡导和平、反对使用核武器，并签署了《罗素—爱因斯坦宣言》。他开创了现代科学技术新纪元，被公认为是继伽利略、牛顿之后最伟大的物理学家，也是批判学派科学哲学思想之集大成者和发扬光大者。
Lead-in
Leopold Infeld
利奥波德·因费尔德是波兰著名理论物理学家、数学家和科普作家。他是波兰相对论研究的奠基者，主要从事广义相对论、经典场论、相对论性场论、量子场论等方面的研究。他在相对论研究方面作出了突出贡献。1938年，与爱因斯坦、巴内什·霍夫曼合作提出了爱因斯坦—因费尔德—霍夫曼理论（后称EIH理论），建立了由场方程推导出物体运动方程的方法。他不仅在科学研究领域取得了成功，还撰写了多本科普读物和传记文学。此外，他积极参与社会活动，是罗素—爱因斯坦宣言的签署人之一，倡导核裁军与世界和平 。其学术遗产至今仍对理论物理学界产生深远影响。
Lead-in
Pre-reading
Look at the title and pictures. What might be talked about in the text
Who
How
What
The text is mainly about ________________ and ________ he defeated king cholera.
John Snow
how
While-reading
_______analyse the results _______ask a question _______draw a conclusion
_______collect data _______find a problem _______find supporting evidence _______think of a method
Discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups.
What order would you put them in
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
While-reading
Skimming for the structure.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
John Snow desired to destroy cholera.
John Snow decided to prove the second theory.
Snow began his study by marking on the map.
Truth of the infection of cholera
Snow's contributions
Stages Key words or sentences
1. two contradictory theories
2. in two particular streets the cholera was so severe ..... find out why
3. marking on the map
4. houses number 16,37,38 and 40; 20 and 21; 8 and 9
5. multiple deaths near the water pump;
some houses had no deaths.
6. a woman and her daughter had died,
the woman liked the water.... had it delivered to her house
7. John Snow announced that the pump water carried cholera germs.
Skim the passage to see if the order you decided in Activity 1 was correct.
2
While-reading
analyse the results
ask a question
draw a conclusion
collect data
find supporting evidence
think of a method
find a problem
While-reading
Read Para 1 carefully and answer the questions.
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world,which caused severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. And when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease.
1. Why was the disease called “King Cholera”
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
While-reading
Read Para 2 carefully and answer the questions.
1. How did doctors think Cholera spread
2. What was Snow's opinion about the theories
In general,doctors in those days had two contradictory theories. One theory was that bad air caused the disease.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.
Snow subscribed to the second theory, but he still needed proof.
While-reading
Read the passage again and complete the chart below.
3
It was believed that cholera was caused by bad ________ or germs in __________.
A
Snow ______________ the places where the people who _________ had lived.
B
Many deaths occurred near the _________ in Broad Street.
Some people ________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.
A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after ______________
__________________.
C
The pump water carried _____________.
The __________ of the pump was removed.
D
E
air
food or water
died
marked on a map
water pump
hadn’t
drinking water from the pump
cholera germs
handle
While-reading
Read Para 4 carefully and answer the questions.
1. What caused cholera's outbreak in Broad Street
2. How were people infected with the virus of cholera
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.
Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
While-reading
Read para.5 again and answer the question.
How did John Snow's approach to studying cholera differ from traditional methods of his time, and what long-term scientific advancements can be attributed to his work
Difference: Used spatial mapping (marked deaths on a map) and statistical analysis of water consumption patterns, unlike vague "bad air" theories.
Long-term impact: Established data-driven, evidence-based methods in epidemiology → transformed disease research into a systematic science.
While-reading
Read the article and answer the following questions.
1. What was the cause of the disease of “King Cholera”
A. A cloud of dangerous gas.
B. A river polluted by dirty water.
C. Water in a certain pump in London.
D. The spread of virus among people.
2. Why did No.21 Broad Street in London have no deaths
A. People living there didn't drink the polluted water from the pump, so they
suffered no germs at all.
B. People living there didn't breathe the dangerous air.
C. People living there only drank the water from the pump.
D. People living there drank beer as well as water from the pump.
While-reading
Read the article and answer the following questions.
3. Which of the two theories that doctors in those days had was TRUE in the end
A. Both.
B. Neither.
C. The first one.
D. The second one.
4. What do you think the Londoners would do with the unused pumps after defeating
“King Cholera”
A. They would destroy them.
B. They would desert them for good.
C. They would reuse them after cleaning them.
D. They would continue to use them without cleaning them.
While-reading
1 conclusion____ 2 evidence______ 3 process______
4 solution______ 5 theories______
D
E
B
A
C
Match the following headers with the letters from the chart above. Write A-E in the blanks.
4
While-reading
Write out the questions according to the answers.
5
1 Q: What______________________
A: Snow thought that cholera was caused by germs in food or water.
2 Q: Why__________________________________________
A: Snow had the handle from the pump removed so that it could not be used.
3 Q: How_____________________________
A: The cholera threat was defeated thanks to the work of John Snow.
caused the cholera
did Snow have the handle of the pump removed
was the cholera threat defeated
Post-reading
1. What was the most important tool Snow used to defeat cholera
What common medical tools, e.g., a microscope, didn't he use Why
2. How has John Snow's work affected our daily lives
In groups, discuss the following questions.
6
Maps and statistics. He didn't use the common medical tools such as a microscope because they didn’t exist during his time. Further, understanding of germs and bacteria was still developing, and so he had to innovate methods himself based on the theory he believed.
His work can protect people from being killed by severe disease. Further more, it tells us we should protect our environment from being polluted.
Post-reading
根据课文内容将短文补充完整
In the times of Queen Victoria, “King Cholera” hit Londoners, 1. led to large numbers of 2. (die). Thanks 3. John Snow, a well-known doctor, this deadly disease finally got 4. (control). John Snow thought the most important thing was 5. (find) its cause. So he began to gather information. He made a map, 6. which he marked
7. the victims had lived. As a result, he found out that the 8. . (pollute) water was the cause of cholera and suggested that the source of all water supplies 9. (examine) immediately. Finally “King Cholera” 10. (defeat).
which
deaths
to
controlled
to find
on
where
polluted
(should) be examined
was defeated
4
Vocabulary
severe weather conditions 恶劣的天气情况
suffer from severe depression患有严重的抑郁症
severe poverty极度的贫困
a severe shortage of food/water 严重的食物/水资源短缺
a severe expression严厉的表情
severely adv.严重地；严格地，严厉地
例句：Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished.
违法者将受到严惩。
Vocabulary
severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；艰难的
练习：Food supplies were _________ (severe)
depleted.
severely
练习：The wound from the dog bite had become _________ (infection).
prevent infection 预防感染
infect vt.使感染；传染
infect...with... 把...传染给...；用...感染...
be infected with 感染上...，传染上...
infected adj.带菌的；感染病菌的
infectious adj.感染的，传染性的
例句：Air, water, clothing and insects are all means of infection.
空气、水、衣服及昆虫都是传染病的传染媒介。
Vocabulary
infection n.感染；传染
infected
练习：__________________________________________
我怀疑可能有某种非法勾当在进行中。
suspect...of...怀疑...有罪
suspect...to be/as 怀疑·...是...
例句：The police suspect him of occupying the house illegally.
警察怀疑他非法占据了这栋房子。
The police couldn't prove the suspect's guilt.
警察不能证实犯罪嫌疑人的罪行。
[学法点拨]“动词+sb.+of sth.”结构:
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事 remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事
inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事 cheat sb. of sth.欺骗某人某事
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事
Vocabulary
suspect v.怀疑，疑虑，不信任；n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
I suspect there may be something funny going on.
blame sb. for (doing) sth.因（做）某事责备某人
blame sth. on...把某事归咎于...
be to blame (for sth.)（对某事）负有责任
take/bear the blame for... 对....承担责任
put/lay/place the blame for sth. on...把某事归咎于......
例句：Don't always blame him. He is only a little child.
别老责怪他，他只不过是个孩子。
Vocabulary
blame v. 把...归咎于，责怪，指责；n. 责备；指责
练习：I couldn't think of letting you _____________.
我没想到过让你承担责任。
take the blame
transform...(from...) into...把...（从...）变成...
transform...with...用...改变...
transformation n.转变，转化
transformational adj.转型的，变革的
例句：The magician transformed the frog into a princess.
魔术师把青蛙变成了公主。
Vocabulary
transform v.使改观，使改变形态；改变，转变
练习：The _____________ (transform) has been nothing short of a miracle.
transformation
5
Homework
Complete the exercises at the end of the class.
01
Preview the grammar knowledge for the next class.
02
Thank you
Unit 1
Science and Scientists
Reading and Thinking
1
Learning Objectives
02
Learning Objectives
Read articles, grasp the time clues of texts, master the relevant vocabulary and expressions of scientific research, and apply them to practice.
Language Ability
01
Understand the important contributions of Chinese and foreign scientists and their character characteristics and noble character, in-depth understanding of the connotation of the scientific spirit establish the concept of innovation, perseverance, hard work.
Cultural Awareness
Learning Objectives
Through the analysis of Snow’s process of overcoming cholera, the basic steps of scientific research are sorted out. Through Snow's deeds and understanding the meaning of the spirit of questioning, learn to think critically and form your own opinions and opinions.
Thinking Quality
Read articles, grasp the time clues of texts, master the relevant vocabulary and expressions of scientific research, and apply them to practice.
Learning Ability
04
03
2
Key and difficult points
Key and difficult points
1. Cultivate students' spirit of scientific inquiry.
2. Guide students to understand the important role of questioning spirit in scientific research and think about the impact of scientific research on human beings.
Difficult points
1. Guide students to get familiar with and master the topic vocabulary of this part.
2. Guide students to study the text, sort out the information and analyze the structure.
3. Guide students to understand the basic steps of scientific research and learn to ask questions independently in reading.
Key points
3
Reading and Thinking
Lead-in
To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle, requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.
-Albert Einstein & Leopold Infeld
提出新的问题，新的可能性，从新的角度看旧问题，需要创造性的想象力，这是科学的真正飞跃。
——爱因斯坦和利奥波德·因菲尔德
Albert Einstein
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是美国和瑞士双国籍的犹太裔物理学家，1905年，提出光子假设，成功解释了光电效应（因此获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖）；同年创立狭义相对论，1915年创立广义相对论。爱因斯坦的理论为核能的开发奠定了理论基础，为帮助对抗纳粹，他曾在利奥·西拉德等人的协助下致信美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福，直接促成了曼哈顿计划的启动，而二战后他积极倡导和平、反对使用核武器，并签署了《罗素—爱因斯坦宣言》。他开创了现代科学技术新纪元，被公认为是继伽利略、牛顿之后最伟大的物理学家，也是批判学派科学哲学思想之集大成者和发扬光大者。
Lead-in
Leopold Infeld
利奥波德·因费尔德是波兰著名理论物理学家、数学家和科普作家。他是波兰相对论研究的奠基者，主要从事广义相对论、经典场论、相对论性场论、量子场论等方面的研究。他在相对论研究方面作出了突出贡献。1938年，与爱因斯坦、巴内什·霍夫曼合作提出了爱因斯坦—因费尔德—霍夫曼理论（后称EIH理论），建立了由场方程推导出物体运动方程的方法。他不仅在科学研究领域取得了成功，还撰写了多本科普读物和传记文学。此外，他积极参与社会活动，是罗素—爱因斯坦宣言的签署人之一，倡导核裁军与世界和平 。其学术遗产至今仍对理论物理学界产生深远影响。
Lead-in
Pre-reading
Look at the title and pictures. What might be talked about in the text
Who
How
What
The text is mainly about ________________ and ________ he defeated king cholera.
John Snow
how
While-reading
_______analyse the results _______ask a question _______draw a conclusion
_______collect data _______find a problem _______find supporting evidence _______think of a method
Discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups.
What order would you put them in
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
While-reading
Skimming for the structure.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
John Snow desired to destroy cholera.
John Snow decided to prove the second theory.
Snow began his study by marking on the map.
Truth of the infection of cholera
Snow's contributions
Stages Key words or sentences
1. two contradictory theories
2. in two particular streets the cholera was so severe ..... find out why
3. marking on the map
4. houses number 16,37,38 and 40; 20 and 21; 8 and 9
5. multiple deaths near the water pump;
some houses had no deaths.
6. a woman and her daughter had died,
the woman liked the water.... had it delivered to her house
7. John Snow announced that the pump water carried cholera germs.
Skim the passage to see if the order you decided in Activity 1 was correct.
2
While-reading
analyse the results
ask a question
draw a conclusion
collect data
find supporting evidence
think of a method
find a problem
While-reading
Read Para 1 carefully and answer the questions.
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world,which caused severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. And when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease.
1. Why was the disease called “King Cholera”
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
While-reading
Read Para 2 carefully and answer the questions.
1. How did doctors think Cholera spread
2. What was Snow's opinion about the theories
In general,doctors in those days had two contradictory theories. One theory was that bad air caused the disease.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.
Snow subscribed to the second theory, but he still needed proof.
While-reading
Read the passage again and complete the chart below.
3
It was believed that cholera was caused by bad ________ or germs in __________.
A
Snow ______________ the places where the people who _________ had lived.
B
Many deaths occurred near the _________ in Broad Street.
Some people ________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.
A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after ______________
__________________.
C
The pump water carried _____________.
The __________ of the pump was removed.
D
E
air
food or water
died
marked on a map
water pump
hadn’t
drinking water from the pump
cholera germs
handle
While-reading
Read Para 4 carefully and answer the questions.
1. What caused cholera's outbreak in Broad Street
2. How were people infected with the virus of cholera
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.
Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
While-reading
Read para.5 again and answer the question.
How did John Snow's approach to studying cholera differ from traditional methods of his time, and what long-term scientific advancements can be attributed to his work
Difference: Used spatial mapping (marked deaths on a map) and statistical analysis of water consumption patterns, unlike vague "bad air" theories.
Long-term impact: Established data-driven, evidence-based methods in epidemiology → transformed disease research into a systematic science.
While-reading
Read the article and answer the following questions.
1. What was the cause of the disease of “King Cholera”
A. A cloud of dangerous gas.
B. A river polluted by dirty water.
C. Water in a certain pump in London.
D. The spread of virus among people.
2. Why did No.21 Broad Street in London have no deaths
A. People living there didn't drink the polluted water from the pump, so they
suffered no germs at all.
B. People living there didn't breathe the dangerous air.
C. People living there only drank the water from the pump.
D. People living there drank beer as well as water from the pump.
While-reading
Read the article and answer the following questions.
3. Which of the two theories that doctors in those days had was TRUE in the end
A. Both.
B. Neither.
C. The first one.
D. The second one.
4. What do you think the Londoners would do with the unused pumps after defeating
“King Cholera”
A. They would destroy them.
B. They would desert them for good.
C. They would reuse them after cleaning them.
D. They would continue to use them without cleaning them.
While-reading
1 conclusion____ 2 evidence______ 3 process______
4 solution______ 5 theories______
D
E
B
A
C
Match the following headers with the letters from the chart above. Write A-E in the blanks.
4
While-reading
Write out the questions according to the answers.
5
1 Q: What______________________
A: Snow thought that cholera was caused by germs in food or water.
2 Q: Why__________________________________________
A: Snow had the handle from the pump removed so that it could not be used.
3 Q: How_____________________________
A: The cholera threat was defeated thanks to the work of John Snow.
caused the cholera
did Snow have the handle of the pump removed
was the cholera threat defeated
Post-reading
1. What was the most important tool Snow used to defeat cholera
What common medical tools, e.g., a microscope, didn't he use Why
2. How has John Snow's work affected our daily lives
In groups, discuss the following questions.
6
Maps and statistics. He didn't use the common medical tools such as a microscope because they didn’t exist during his time. Further, understanding of germs and bacteria was still developing, and so he had to innovate methods himself based on the theory he believed.
His work can protect people from being killed by severe disease. Further more, it tells us we should protect our environment from being polluted.
Post-reading
根据课文内容将短文补充完整
In the times of Queen Victoria, “King Cholera” hit Londoners, 1. led to large numbers of 2. (die). Thanks 3. John Snow, a well-known doctor, this deadly disease finally got 4. (control). John Snow thought the most important thing was 5. (find) its cause. So he began to gather information. He made a map, 6. which he marked
7. the victims had lived. As a result, he found out that the 8. . (pollute) water was the cause of cholera and suggested that the source of all water supplies 9. (examine) immediately. Finally “King Cholera” 10. (defeat).
which
deaths
to
controlled
to find
on
where
polluted
(should) be examined
was defeated
4
Vocabulary
severe weather conditions 恶劣的天气情况
suffer from severe depression患有严重的抑郁症
severe poverty极度的贫困
a severe shortage of food/water 严重的食物/水资源短缺
a severe expression严厉的表情
severely adv.严重地；严格地，严厉地
例句：Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished.
违法者将受到严惩。
Vocabulary
severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；艰难的
练习：Food supplies were _________ (severe)
depleted.
severely
练习：The wound from the dog bite had become _________ (infection).
prevent infection 预防感染
infect vt.使感染；传染
infect...with... 把...传染给...；用...感染...
be infected with 感染上...，传染上...
infected adj.带菌的；感染病菌的
infectious adj.感染的，传染性的
例句：Air, water, clothing and insects are all means of infection.
空气、水、衣服及昆虫都是传染病的传染媒介。
Vocabulary
infection n.感染；传染
infected
练习：__________________________________________
我怀疑可能有某种非法勾当在进行中。
suspect...of...怀疑...有罪
suspect...to be/as 怀疑·...是...
例句：The police suspect him of occupying the house illegally.
警察怀疑他非法占据了这栋房子。
The police couldn't prove the suspect's guilt.
警察不能证实犯罪嫌疑人的罪行。
[学法点拨]“动词+sb.+of sth.”结构:
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事 remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事
inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事 cheat sb. of sth.欺骗某人某事
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事
Vocabulary
suspect v.怀疑，疑虑，不信任；n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
I suspect there may be something funny going on.
blame sb. for (doing) sth.因（做）某事责备某人
blame sth. on...把某事归咎于...
be to blame (for sth.)（对某事）负有责任
take/bear the blame for... 对....承担责任
put/lay/place the blame for sth. on...把某事归咎于......
例句：Don't always blame him. He is only a little child.
别老责怪他，他只不过是个孩子。
Vocabulary
blame v. 把...归咎于，责怪，指责；n. 责备；指责
练习：I couldn't think of letting you _____________.
我没想到过让你承担责任。
take the blame
transform...(from...) into...把...（从...）变成...
transform...with...用...改变...
transformation n.转变，转化
transformational adj.转型的，变革的
例句：The magician transformed the frog into a princess.
魔术师把青蛙变成了公主。
Vocabulary
transform v.使改观，使改变形态；改变，转变
练习：The _____________ (transform) has been nothing short of a miracle.
transformation
5
Homework
Complete the exercises at the end of the class.
01
Preview the grammar knowledge for the next class.
02
Thank you