2026年译林版中考英语二轮复习语法核心点详解 part 8 动名词

初中英语语法核心点详解 part 8 动名词
1. 动名词的用法
★ 动名词（Ving）→当主词，受词，补语
★ 不定词（To + V）
→1. 名词：主词、受词、补语
→2. 形容词：修饰名词
→3. 副词：修饰动词、形容词、副词
（祈使句）Do it right now. 立刻做
（直述句）(Doing或To do ) it right now is important.
立刻做这件事情是很重要的。
动名词当主词
例如1.记住别人的名字对我而言是困难的。
Remembering other people’s names is difficult for me.
=It is difficult for me to remember others’ names .
例如2. 一天睡8小时有益健康。
分析：Sleep（作主语必须要有名词身份）所以要加ing
Sleeping /To sleep eight hours a day is good for health.
=It's good for health to sleep eight hours a day.
例如3. 在海边游泳很好玩。
Swimming at the beach is a lot of fun.
=To swim at the beach is a lot of fun.
=It's a lot of fun to swim at the beach.
It要找后面的不定词to 引导的事情
（注意）It's no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。Crying只有这个谚语
动名词当补语
例如1.冬天最好的运动是滑雪。
The best exercise in winter is skiing.
例如2. One American tradition is eating turkey on Thanksgiving day.
例如3. My work is washing cars.
我的工作是洗车。（已经发生的）
My work is to wash cars.
我的工作要去洗车。（未发生的）
例如4. One of my hobbies is collecting stamps.
我的业余爱好之一是集邮。
one of my hobbies 爱好之一 collect 集邮
（注意）在其他句型中的Ving
go Ving / go n. Ving 这里名词n后面不加s / es ，前面不加冠词（the, a, an）
是从事一种活动的意思
例句：
go golfing (打高尔夫) / fishing （去钓鱼） / skating （溜冰）
go hunting (打猎) / bowling ( 打保龄球) / swimming （去游泳）
go hiking （徒步） / sailing（去航海）/ picnicking (野餐)
go window shopping 看看而已（不会买） / go shopping 去逛街（有时候会买）
go mountain climbing 去爬山（休闲活动） / climb a mountain 爬一座山（动作）
go bike riding 去骑车（休闲活动） / ride a bike 骑车（动作）
go bird watching 去赏鸟（休闲活动） / watch birds 赏鸟（动作）
do a lot of / a little Ving → 做.....事情
go shopping 去逛街（可能会买东西）/ do shopping 购物（已经在买了）
例如1. I am busy, but I still do a little painting.
我很忙，但是我仍然画一点画。
例如2. Do you have to do a lot of traveling in your work
你的工作必须要经常去旅游吗？
be busy + Ving.... 忙着做什么...
have trouble / fun.....(in) Ving in可以省略
例如1. My mom was busy cooking dinner.
妈妈忙着做晚餐。
例如2. I had trouble finding out the answer to the question.
我无法找出问题的答案。
I can't finding out the answer to the question. 同上
I couldn't finding out the answer to the question. 同上
get into trouble 找麻烦
have trouble 有麻烦
trouble maker 惹麻烦的人
练习
1. I remember seeing Mr.Smith in my office before.
我记得以前在我的办公室见过史密斯。
2. I'll remember to see Mr.Smith tomorrow.
我会记得明天要去看史密斯。
3. Would you mind going to London on business
你介意去伦敦工作吗？
business is business 公事公办
4. Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.
你做完了这个练习后在做另一个练习。
I finished doing my homework. 我做完了功课。
I finished eating my dinner. 我吃完了晚饭。
5. I can't help feeling worried about his health.
我忍不住的关心起他的健康。
6. I apologize for not keeping my promise.
我很抱歉，我没有信守承诺。
重点
不定词当补语 = 表:目的,计划,意愿,未完成的事
动名词当补语 = 表:经验,已知的事
His hobby is fishing in the lake. √
His hobby is to fish in the lake. ×
动名词当受词
当及物动词的受词
例如1.你必须放弃旅行。(Give up 后面一定要加Ving)
You have to give up traveling.
例如2.我父亲很喜欢打高尔夫球。(enjoy+Ving)
My father enjoys playing golf very much.
例如3.那老人一直站着。(keep+Ving)
The old man kept standing all the while.
例如4. I like watching basketball games on TV.
我喜欢在电视上看篮球比赛。
当介系词的受词
当介词的受词→介词的后面必须接Ving .
例如1.他因为上学迟到而挨骂。
He got scolded for being late to (=/for) school.
例如2.他一句话都没说就离开房间。
He left the room without saying a word.
例如3. He is interested in playing hide and seek.
他喜欢玩躲猫猫。be interested in 是对什么有兴趣
例如4. We 're thinking about buying a washing machine.
我们正在考虑买一台洗衣机。
★★重点:下面句子中的to作介词，后面必须+Ving
例如1.我期待再次见到你。
I’m looking forward to seeing you again.
例如2.我习惯早起。
I am used to getting up early.
I used to get up late. (过去习惯)
例如3.他贡献了他的一生在非洲医治病患。
He devoted his whole life to curing the sick in Africa.
例如4.他爱说谎。(这里“爱”有…倾向的意思，不经意之间就做出来)
He is given to lying.
例如5.他比较喜欢滑雪而不喜欢溜冰。
He prefers skiing to (prep.) skating.
He prefers to ski (toV) rather than skate.
★★重点:下面句子to+VR/to+Ving都可以
例如1. He is accustomed to live/living alone. (习惯…)
例如2. I came (=went) near(差一点) to run/running over a cat.
came / went near 差一点
我差一点碾到一只猫。
例如3. He took to drink/drinking after the death of his son.
2. 用不定词/动名词当受词
不定词当受词
例如1.警察同意立刻调查该项罪行。
The police consented to detect the crime without delay.
例如2. He professed to know a lot about China.
动名词当受词
Quit停止，戒/ Understand了解 / Can't help 忍不住 / Can't stand忍不住 / It's no use 没有用/
It's no good 没有用 / avoid 避免
例如1. Have you finished writing an answer to his letter
你写好了给他的回信了吗
I will answer the door. 我去开门。
例如2. Fortunately, he escaped getting hurt. 免于受伤。
3. Would you mind waiting for me
你介意等我一会吗？
Would you mind（当动词）if I sit next to you
如果我坐你旁边你介意吗？
I made up my mind (这个词在这里当名词) to wait for her.
我决定要等他。
I made up my mind (是decide决定的意思)
4. These students practice speaking English every day.
这些学生每天练习说英文。
5. I can't help laughing at him.
我忍不住嘲笑他。（laugh at + 人... 嘲笑某人）
重点：下列动词，其受词为不定词或动名词，意思一样
例如1. They ceased singing/to sing.
例如2. I intend majoring/to major in economics in college.
mayor 市长
重点：下列动词，其受词为不定词或动名词，其意思改变
try, remember, forget, stop, regret
例如1. The boy tried to move the heavy sofa. →try toVR 设法去做(动作未做)
The boy tried moving the heavy sofa. →try Ving 尝试(已经在做了)
例如2. Remember to lock the door. →祈使句一般都是要去做的
I remembered locking the door last night.
例如3. I’ll never forget hearing her song.
I forgot to hear her song.
例如4. He stopped having breakfast.
He stopped to have a cup of coffee.
例如5. I regret not taking care of myself. →regret Ving 后悔(做了某事)
I regret to say that I can’t help you. →regret to VR 抱歉遗憾(没有做某事)
take good care of好好照顾
6.The man stopped talking.
这人停止说话了。
The man stopped to talk to a newsboy.
这人停下来去和报童说话。
I'm tired. I have to stop working.
我很累，我要停止工作。
I'm tired. I have to stop to take a rest.
我很累了，我要停下来去休息。
7. She remembered meeting him somewhere.
她记得在某地方见过他。
She remembered to meet him at the station.
她记得要去车站和他见面。
翻译
记得课前预习，课后复习。
Remember to preview your lessons before class and (remember to) review your lessons after class.
Lucy forgot sending me a card.
露西忘记她给我寄来的卡片了。
Lucy forgot to send me a card.
露西忘了寄卡片给我。
Don't forget to send me a card on Christmas.
别忘了圣诞节寄张卡片给我。
Try to solve the problem before ten o'clock.
设法在10点之前解决这个问题。 try to 设法
Try knocking at the back door if nobody hear you at front door.
如果前门没有人听到你的话，你敲一下后门试一试。
3. 动词意义上的主词
整个句子的主词若与动名词不同时，需要表示出动名词意义上的主词，其方法有二：
所有格+动名词/受格+动名词
例如1. Philip不喜欢Amy穿迷你裙。
Philip dislikes Amy's/Amy wearing mini-skirts.
like v.喜欢, dislike
prep.像look like, unlike
例如2.我无法忍受他在生气时大叫。
I can’t bear/stand him/his shouting when he is angry.
名词+动名词/名词’s+动名词
例如1.我有信心我们的队伍会赢得比赛。
I am confident of our team’s / our team winning the tournament.
例如2.她以她儿子的聪明才智为荣。
She is proud of her son / her son’s being clever.
pride是名词和动词:
n. 自豪
常用的结构：
take pride in sth. 为某事骄傲
例句：
They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist.
他们为他那科学家的女儿而感到自豪。
v.使自夸
常用结构：pride oneself on
例句：
We prided ourselves on our good work.
我们为自己工作的表现而自豪。
而proud 是形容词
常用结构：be proud of sth.
例句：
I am very proud of being a Chinese.
作为一名中国人我很自豪。
4. 动名词的（否定形/被动态/完成形）
否定形 not(never)+Ving
例如1.我不知道答案很丢脸。
I am ashamed of not knowing the answer.
Shame on you!＝ For shame!
例如2.John不知道他们的婚事使得事情更加复杂。
John’s not knowing of their marriage made the thing more complicated.
被动态 being+p.p
例如1.我不喜欢被嘲弄。
I dislike being made fun of.
例如2. The regulation saves the area from being damaged.
完成形 having+p.p
动名词所表示的时间，若比述词动词所表示的行为或状态时间更早时，则用having+p.p.
例如1.她没察觉到她已做错了。
She isn’t aware of having done wrong.
只有VR才能加ing 而若用过去式则不能加ing 故用完成式代替过去式
She isn’t aware that she did wrong.
★★She is proud of being a teacher.
She is proud that she is a teacher.
2. He regrets not having studied harder in school.
5. 含动名词的惯用表现
There is no Ving… …是无法做到的
例如1. There is no telling what will happen next.
我们无法预知未来。
tell A from B 分辨A和B
例如2. There is no accounting for tastes. 人各有所好
= It is impossible to account for tastes.
= We cannot account for tastes.
例如3. There is no knowing who did it.
没有办法知道是谁做的这个。
There is no + Ving .....是没有办法做到的 在标语上There is 会省掉的
如：no smoking / no eating / no drinking / no parking
It is no use/good Ving …是没有用的
例如1. It is no use crying over spilled / spilt milk. 覆水难收
例如2. It is no use/good trying to persuade him.
= It is of no use trying to persuade him.
= There is no use in trying to persuade him.
= It is no use for you to try to persuade him.
= It is useless for you to try to persuade him.
feel like Ving 想要 like (prep.)
feel like n. 感觉/摸起来像什么 / 想要
例如1.我想要喝一杯。
I feel like a drink.
= I feel like drinking/having a drink.
= I want to have a drink.
= I would like to have a drink.
cannot help Ving (忍不住)
例如1. I couldn’t help laughing when I saw his haircut.
= I couldn’t but laugh when I saw his haircut.
2. When I heard the news, I couldn’t but cry.
When I heard the news, I couldn’t help crying.
When I heard the news, I couldn’t help but cry.
be worth Ving (值得)
例如1. Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
= No matter what is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
只要有一点值得做的事情就值得好好做。
例如2. This book is worth reading.
=It is worth while reading / to read the book.
3. It would be worth his while helping / to help the foreigner.
on Ving 一…就…
例如1. On coming home, he switched on the TV.
= As soon as he came home, he switched on the TV.
in Ving 当…时 = when/while
例如1.当我下火车时，滑了一跤。
I slipped in getting off the train.
= I slipped when I got off the train.
Get on the bus. Get off the bus.
Get in the car. Get out of the car. 弯腰进,门低的
It goes without saying that … 不用说…
例如1. It goes without saying that our plans depend on the weather.
= Needless to say, our plans depend on the weather.
What do you say to Ving… …如何
例如1. What do you say to taking a walk by the sea
= How about taking a walk by the sea
= What about taking a walk by the sea
need, want, deserve, stand等+Ving →被动
例如1. This watch needs repairing.
例如2. The child wants scolding.
这孩子需要被骂。
例如3. He deserves helping.
他值得别人帮忙。
例如4. You deserve it.
名至实归/罪有应得。
例如5. This cloth does not stand / bear washing.
这块布禁不起洗。