2026年译林版中考英语二轮复习 语法核心点详解 比较

初中英语语法核心点详解 part 6 比较
1. 比较级变化
规则变化 原级 ----- 比较级 ----- 最高级红 ----- 比较红 ------- 最红原级 ＋ er/ est tall -- taller – tallest young -- younger -- youngest short 短 -- shorter -- shortest
原级字尾有e ＋ r / st wise -- wiser -- wisest nice 好 -- nicer -- nicest large 大 -- larger -- largest
原级：短母音＋子音 -- 重复字尾 ＋ er/est hot 热 -- hotter -- hottest wet 潮湿 -- wetter -- wettest red 红 -- redder -- reddest big 大 -- bigger -- biggest
原级：字尾为子音 + y →去y 加ier/iest busy -- busier -- busiest happy -- happier -- happiest easy --- easier --- easiest noisy --- noisier --- noisiest
两音节以上的形容词 --- more/ most +原级 careful -- more careful -- most careful difficult -- more difficult -- most difficult beautiful --- more beautiful --- most beautiful
不规则变化 bad / ill --- worse --- worst good / well --- better --- best many / much --- more --- most little --- less --- least
<重点>两种不同的比较级、最高级 A. far（远） far -- farther -- farthest 表示“距离 ”far -- further -- furthest 表示“程度、数量、距离 ”例如1. Rome is farther from London than Paris is.例如2. Did you get further information
B. late（迟；晚） late -- later -- latest 表示“时间” latest 最晚，最新的late -- latter -- last 表示“顺序”例如1. He got up later than usual.例如2. The latter part of the story was not interesting.例如3. This is the latest news from America. latest news最新消息例如4. This is his last work.例如5. He was happy in his later life.他的晚年非常快乐。 later life 晚年例如6. As for French and German, the latter is more difficult for me than the former.就法语和德语而言，我觉得德语比法语学习起来比较困难。as for 就什么而言 the latter 后者 the former 前者
C. old（老；旧） old -- older -- oldest 表示“年纪；新旧”old -- elder -- eldest 表示“长幼，辈分”例如1. He is older than I.例如2. My elder(长辈)/older(老) brother is in Taipei.
2. 原级
...as 原级 as... （像...一样） 例如1.运动像课业一样重要。Sports are as important as studies.例如2.他是像他父亲一样好的人。He is as nice a person as his father.例如3. This jacket is as expensive as this sweater.这件上衣像毛衣一样的贵。例如4. Your hair is as long as my hair.后面可省成mine 你的头发和我的一样长。
...not as (= so) 原级 as...（不像...一样） 例如1.他不像他哥哥一样努力工作。He does not work as/so hard as his brother (does).例如2.日本制的电玩不像台湾制的那么贵。The Japanese video game is not as /so expensive as the Taiwanese one.例如3. This question is not as difficult as it seems.或 This question is not so difficult as it seems.这个问题不像它看上去那么难。
...as many/much +名词 as （像...一样多的） 例如1.她有和她姐姐一样多的洋装。She has as many dresses as her sister (does).例如2. 我认识的人不像她那么多。I don’t know as many people as she (does).
…times as…as…(多...倍) 例如1. The bridge is two times as long as that one.= That bridge is half as long as this one.例如2.进口书的价格是台湾书籍的三倍。Imported books cost three times as much as Taiwanese books. cost v.价值= Taiwanese books cost one third as much as imported books.
<注意> 可以用length (long)长度, width (wide)宽度,height (high)高度,weight (heavy)重量,depth (deep)深度,size (large, big)大小；尺寸等名词来表现倍数。
例如3.这箱子是那个的四分之一大。This box is one quarter as large as that one.= This box is one quarter the size of that one.
as…as possible = one can 尽可能地 例如1.尽快报警。Call the police as soon as possible/you can. as soon as possible (a.s.a.p )soon 时间快 fast/quickly 速度快 例如2.我告诉他要尽早回家。I told him to come home as early as possible/he could .
重点：as…as 惯用短语 as busy as a bee 非常忙碌as cool as a cucumber 极端冷静as cunning as a fox 十分狡猾cunning adj. 狡猾的；可爱的；巧妙的as dead as a doornail 了无生息doornail n. 门钉
nail n. 指甲；钉子 as flat as a pancake 非常平坦
flat adj. 平坦的 pancake n. 煎饼
as sweet as honey 非常甜美as like as two peas 非常相似
pea n. [植]豌豆
特殊句型
A. not so much… as… 与其说…不如说… 例如1.与其说是犯罪，不如说是个过失。It was not so much a crime as a mistake .= It was rather a mistake than a crime.= It was a mistake rather than a crime.
（注意）not so much as…/without so much as… 连…也没有 例如1.这个人就连说声道歉都没有。The man didn’t so much as apologize to me.didn’t apologize 用原形so much as当成副词，起修饰作用
例如2.他连谢谢都没说就走了。He left me without so much as saying thanks.without saying 用Vingso much as当成副词，起修饰作用
B. as…as ever 依然 例如1.她看起来依然很快乐。She looks as happy as ever. <注意> ★★★Did you ever go fishing 你曾经钓过鱼吗 (表示“经验”)Do you ever go fishing (in you free time) 你平常钓鱼吗 (表示“一般状况”)
<注意> 例如2.他是有史以来最伟大的艺术家。He is as great an artist as ever lived.
C. as…as any+单数名词（像任何人一样） 例如1.他像村子里任何人一样努力工作。He is as hardworking as any (person) in the village.
D. as many/much as+数词（多达…） 例如1.有多达5万只的鸟在此过冬。As many as fifty thousand birds spend the winter here.
例如2.这件毛衣我付了多达200元。I paid as much as 200 dollars for this sweater.pay（付钱）+钱+for+物
“多达”的其他表现 例如1. Radio broadcasting started as early as 1920. (早在1920)例如2. He goes to movies as often as three times a month. (高达)
E. as many/much… （同数的,同量的） 例如1.我在 六 行里找到 六 个错误。I found six mistakes in as many lines .例如2.旅行团在五天之内造访了五个城市。The tour group visited five cities in as many days .
F. as good as… （几乎等于…） 例如1. This house is a great buy . It’s as good as new .例如2. His car is as good as a piece of junk .他的车像垃圾一样。 贬义
3. 比较级
...比较级...than（比...更） 例如1.狗比猫更聪明。Dogs are cleverer than cats.表全体狗: a dog/dogs例如2.她英文说得比我好。She can speak English better than I/me/I can .副词比较级例如3.你的文章比我的长。Your article is longer than mine.例如4. Mary is more beautiful than her/ she.玛丽比她漂亮。
… the 比较级+ of the two （两者中较） 例如1.这把吉他是这两把中较好的。This guitar is the better of the two .（注意）This guitar is the best of the three.
例如2. Kevin is the older of the two boys.Kevin是两个男孩中较大的。
例如3. Jack 是这对双胞胎中比较活跃的。Jack is the more active of the twins.....the 比较级.... of the two / both两者/ twins 双胞 / parents 双亲
强调比较级 强调比较级的有：much/many, even, a lot/lots, a little...等 much / a lot / far ＋ 比较级→.....得多了 even ＋ 比较级→更加 a little ＋ 比较级→一点 still 更加地 a good deal, a great deal 相当地 somewhat rather 稍微 a bit, a little bit, a little 一点点 large 容量大 big 体积大
例如1.他家比我家大得多。His house is much larger than mine.“大”是抽象用much强调
例如2.你在大城市将可找到比小镇里多更多的游乐场。You will find many more amusements in big cities than small towns.“游乐场”是可数用many强调
例如3. He is much busier than I.他比我忙碌多了。例如4. This is a little cheaper than that.这个比那个便宜一点。例如5. 蓝裤子的价格比那绿裤子的价格高的多。The price of the blue pants is far higher than the price of that green pants.★★ at high / at low ＋ price 以很高的价格、以最低的价格★★price 只能用high , low 价格高低。例如6. The price of the blue pants is far higher than the price of that green pants.改成：The price of the blue pants is far higher than that of the green pants.
例如7. 高雄的天气比台北的天气更加炎热。The weather in Gaoxiong is even hotter than that in Taipei.The weather is even hotter in Gaoxiong than in Taipei.（注意）比较时，若主题相同或语意上清楚明白时，than 以下的部分可以省。
例如8. They live a more pleasant life than (they did) (可省) before.他们过着比以前愉快的生活。They live a more pleasant life than before.
...less原级than ... （比...较不...） 例如1.搭公车去不如搭计程车去贵。Going by bus is less expensive than going by taxi.= Going by bus is not as expensive as going by taxi.= Going by taxi is more expensive than going by bus.
例如2.比起米饭，泡面较不营养。Instant noodles are less nutritious than rice.instant food 速熟食品fast food 速买食品
省略than 例如1.今年我必须更努力学英文，因为我是个三年级的学生了。I have to study English harder this year because I am a third year student.
例如2.为什么不用一把锐利的刀呢？Why don’t you use a sharper knife
重要表现
A. more...than… （与其…不如...） 例如1.她与其说是生气不如说是难过。She was more sad than angry. 例如2.与其说是称赞不如说是讨好。It is more flattery than praise.
（注意） 形容词不管是单音节或多音节,都用more+adj.形式
B. 比较级and比较级（...越来越…） 例如1. It’s getting darker and darker.例如2. Entrance exams are becoming more and more difficult. 例如3. The story become more interesting and more interesting. (×)这个故事越来越有趣。前面的一定要省略改成：The story become more and more interesting.
两个音节以上的还有......more and more important.... 越来越重要......more and more dangerous .....越来越危险......more and more convenient.....越来越方便.....taller and taller.....越来越高
C. the比较级…,the比较级… （越…就越…） 例如1.年纪越大，我们的记忆力就越差。The older we grow, the weaker our memory becomes.例如2. The longer I waited, the less patient I become.例如3. The more we get together, the happier we will be.例如4. The more time you have, the more work you can do.例如5. The more, the better.越多越好。 more 是 much , many 的比较级例如6. The more we get, the happier we'll be.我们得到的越多我们就会更快乐。例如7. The more we make friends, the happier we 'll be.我们交的朋友越多就越快乐。
D. (all) the比较级for+名词/because（因为...因此便….） 例如1.因为诚实我们更尊敬他。We respect him (all) the more for his honesty .We respect him (all) the more because he is honest .
例如2.因为身为人母,她更努力工作.She works all the harder because she is a mother.
（注意） 负面时 例如3.虽说成为父亲但并不代表会更努力工作。He worked none the harder because he became a father.
none the比较级for+名词
E. much less… 更不用说... 例如1.我不喜欢数学，更不用说物理。I don’t like mathematics, much less physics.mathematics is hard. 一个科目,单数名词例如2. The old man can’t even work, much less run.
F. superior to... , senior to... 本身含有比较意义的单词,不可用than,改用to superior, inferior 优秀的,拙劣的
My inferiors 我的晚辈 senior, junior 年长的,年幼的 major, minor (程度)较大的,较小的 prior, posterior 前面的,后面的 postwar 战后例如1.他比我大5岁。He is five years older than I.= He is five years senior to me.= He is senior to me by five years. 例如2. I prefer playing sports to watching them.Prefer 动词哦 比较喜欢 例如3.她比我大两岁。She is two years older than me.或 than I She is senior to me by two years.
G. more or less（多多少少）, sooner or later（迟早） 例如1.我们的猜测多多少少是对的。Our guess was more or less correct.more or less adv.多多少少例如2. Sooner or later you will find your missing child.H. know better than...(to VR) 不会傻到 Had better...(+VR) 最好... 例如1. I know better than to go sailing without a life jacket.例如2. You had better not go.
no more than等表达
A. more than (超过）/ less than (少于, 低于) 例如1. The man is more than eighty years old.这个男人已经超过了80岁了。More than two hours 超过2个小时More than two hundred 超过2百
B. no more than→only
No = not any No more than = only 只有...而已 例如1.我有100元,再没有其他了→只有I have no more than 100 dollars.例如2.我没有超过100元→顶多I have not more than 100 dollars.not more than = at most 顶多...
例如3.我有100元,再没有更少的了→我有100耶!no less than = as much as 有...之多 I have no less than 100 dollars.例如4.我没有少于100元→至少not less than = at least 至少 I have not less than 100 dollars.
C. no more/ not more/ no less/ not less... than... 例如1. no more... than... 和...一样不I am no more mad than you are.我和你一样没疯→不疯例如2. not more... than... 不像...那样...I am not more mad than you are.我不比你多疯→没你疯例如3. no less... than... 与...同样地...I am no less mad than you are.我和你一样多疯→很疯例如4. not less... than... 与...有过之而无不及I am not less mad than you are.我不比你少疯→半斤八两
4. 最高级
最高级+in.../of.../that+S+V 例如1. February is the shortest of all the months.例如2. He drives the most carefully of us all.例如3. This is the finest view that I’ve ever seen.例如4. Picasso is one of the most famous painters of the 20th century.例如5. This is the third most popular song in the hit chart this week.本周最受欢迎歌曲中的第三。例如6. Helen is the best student of all.海伦是所有学生中的最好的学生。例如7.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。Mt.Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
强调最高级 very, much, by far, far and away 例如1.她是这国家最出类拔萃的歌手。She is much/by far/far and away the best singer in the country.She is the very best singer in the country.
the的省略 例如1. This lake is the deepest in Japan.This lake is deepest here. 此湖这里最深
例如2. The air in this area is the cleanest in Japan.The air in this area is cleanest when the factories are closed.
（注意） 1.同一人、事、物不加the2.叙述用法不加the例如1. I am happy. 叙述用法例如2. I am a happy girl. 补述用法，补了happy例如3. I feel happiest when I’m with my friend.也可理解为同一人不加the
三级互换 Bob is the most handsome boy in my class.= Bob is more handsome than any other boy in my class.= No other boy in my class is more handsome than Bob.= No other boy in my class is as handsome as Bob.因为我们班包括Bob所以加other
例如：Taipei is the biggest city in Taiwan.台北是台湾的最大的城市。→Taipei is bigger than any other city in Taiwan.台北比台湾的任何一个城市都大。→Taipei is bigger than all the other cities in Taiwan.→No other city in Taiwan is bigger than Taipei.在台湾没有比台北大的城市。→No other cities in Taiwan are as big as Taipei.在台湾没有像台北那样大的城市。（注意）加 other （其他的），其功用为避免和本身做比较 New York is bigger than any other city in America.New York is bigger than any city in Taiwan.
重要表达
A. even+最高级（甚至连…） 例如1. Even the richest man in the world can’t buy her heart.例如2. Even the most talented student in our class wasn’t able to answer it.
B. at best/at the best, at most/at the most 顶多 例如1. It will take at (the) most/best three hours to reach our destination.（注意） at one’s best 处于最好状态 例如2. The plum blossoms there are now at their best .
bloom n :花 in bloom 盛开（指花）
v :1.看上去很健康 2.开花例如1. Jane is positively blooming with health these days.简这些日子以来身体确实健康起来。例如2. The roses are blooming.玫瑰花正在盛开。blossom n :（果树的 ）花 in blossom：开满花的（指树 ）v :1.（树 ）开花2.发展，成长 例如3. Sally is blossoming into a beautiful girl.萨丽正在长成一个美丽的女孩。
C. at (the) least 最少 例如1. It will take at (the) least three hours to reach our destination.
at (the) worst 最差 例如2. Our team will at (the) worst get the third prize.
D. make the most of 尽全力,对有利情况 make the best of 尽全力,对不利情况 例如1. I hope you will make the most of your abilities.例如2. He made the best of his small income. 善用薪水
5. 副词的比较级、最高级 例如1. He is fast. 是形容词例如2. He runs fast. 是副词
规则变化 字尾无ly的 如：fast -- faster -- fastest字尾有ly的 如：quickly -- more quickly -- most quickly副词 比较级 最高级
不规则变化 badly; ill ----- worse ----- worst副词 比较级 最高级well ---- better ---- best
much ---- more ---- most
little ---- less ----- least
far ----- farther ----- farthest
far ----- further ----- furthest
副词的比较级 ＋ than 例如1. He can sing better than Lisa.他唱歌唱的比Lisa 好。例如2. I study harder than my friends.我比我的朋友们更用功。例如3. I don't study harder than my friends.我没有比我的朋友们学的那么用功。（否）
The ＋ 副词最高级 ＋ 地点 --- the 可以省 The ＋ 副词最高级 ＋ of --- the 可以省 例如1. My father gets up (the) earliest of us all.我的爸爸是我们当中起得最早的。例如2. Cathy dances (the) most beautifully.(the可以省) Cathy 跳舞最美丽。
（注意）形容词和副词的状况不同 例如3. Tom is the fastest boy of all. 形容词the不可省Tom runs (the) fastest of all. 副词可以省the疑问词 ＋ 比较 例如1. Which fruit do you like better / more , apples or oranges 你比较喜欢哪种水果，苹果或者橙子？例如2. Which do you like (the) best / most , apples, oranges or peaches 三种以上最高级