Lesson 44 Through the forest
一、核心词汇解析
1. forest
forest n. 森林
woods n. 树林
wild forest 野外森林
2. risk n. 危险,冒险; v. 使遭受危险,冒…… 的风险
risky adj 有风险的
①名词用法
搭配:at the risk of(冒…… 的风险)
练习:他冒着生命危险救了她的性命。
He saved her life at the risk of losing his own.
搭配:take the risk(冒险)
练习:你肯定你想要冒这个风险吗?
Are you sure you want to take the risk
搭配:take/run the risk of(冒险做……)
练习:我们准备在这样的天气下冒险出发。
We'll take/run the risk of setting out in such weather.
练习:我不能冒失去所有钱财这样不必要的风险
I can't take the unnecessary risk of losing all my money.
②动词用法
搭配 1:risk + v - ing(冒险做某事)
练习:她冒着生命危险去救那个女孩。
She risked losing her life to save the girl.
练习:他小心地问了她的年龄
He risked asking her age.
搭配 2:risk one's health/fortune/life(冒着健康 / 财产 / 生命危险)
3. picnic
常用搭配:have a picnic(去野餐)
特殊表达:be no picnic(有困难、有麻烦)
例句:Bringing up a family when you are out of work is no picnic.(失业时养家糊口可不是件容易事。)
4. edge
核心搭配:at the edge of...(在…… 的边缘)
例句:It is dangerous to stand at the edge of the cliff.(站在悬崖边很危险。)
5. strap n. 带,用皮、布等做成,通常有扣
例句:My camera strap broke, it needs mending.(我的照相机带子坏了,需要修理。)
同类词汇
belt:腰带、裤带;也可表示 “地带、地区”,搭配 “tighten one's belt”(系紧腰带,喻指省吃俭用),
如:He had to tighten his belt after losing his job.(失业后他不得不省吃俭用。)
leash:系狗用的带子或绳索,搭配 “keep one's dog on a leash”(用绳子拴着狗),
如:You must keep your dog on a leash in the park.(在公园里你必须用绳子拴着狗。)
thong:长的皮带,可用于系物或作鞭子,
如:He used a thong to tie the package.(他用一条窄皮带捆包裹。)
string:细绳,材质较细,常用于系轻小物品,
如:She tied the box with a piece of string.(她用一根绳子捆盒子。)
6. possession n. 所有;财产(常用复数)
possess v. 拥有(=have, own)
possessor n. 持有者,拥有者
核心短语
in the possession of(为某人所有,主语通常为物)
in one's possession(=in the possession of sb.,主语为物)
get possession of(获得,拥有)
come into one's possession(落入某人手中)
练习:战后,整个地区都落入他们手中。
The whole area was in their possession after the war.
练习:下车时,请带上你的所有随身物品。
Please take all your possessions with you when getting off the bus.
练习:拥有大笔金钱并不能确保幸福。
The possession of a large sum of money can't ensure happiness.
7. breath n. 呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
take a deep breath 做深呼吸
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
词形变化:breathe(v. 呼吸),注意发音区别,breath [breθ](名词),breathe [bri ](动词)
save one's breath 省省力气
take a deep breath 做深呼吸
bad breath 口臭
breathe v. 呼吸
breathe out 呼出
breathe in 吸入
waste one's breath 白费口舌
8. content n. 内容;(常用复数)内有物;adj. 满足的,满意的
①名词用法
含义 1:(抽象)内容,搭配 “content of the text”(文章的内容)
含义 2:(常用复数,具体)内有物,搭配 “contents of the bag”(包里的东西)
口语表达:More contents!(吃饭时要求再加些饭菜时可用)
②形容词用法
搭配 1:be content with(对…… 满意)
例句:She is content with her present life.(她对自己现在的生活很满意。)
搭配 2:be content to do sth(满足于做某事)
例句:He seems content to live a simple life.(他似乎满足于过简朴的生活。)
9. mend v. 修理,修补; n. 修补处
①动词用法
例句:Can you mend this broken chair (你能修理这把坏椅子吗?)
同义短语:mend sth(修理某物)≈ repair/fix sth
②名词用法
搭配:a mend in the road(路上的修补处)
二、重点句型
1. Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men.
包含短语解析:
think of:意为 “考虑,思考”,后可接名词、代词或动名词,强调对某事进行思索。
例句:Have you ever thought of settling down in this town (你有没有想过在这个小镇定居?)
run after:主要含义为 “追赶”,指追逐某人或某物;也可表示 “追随、追求”(目标、人等)。
例句:The police are running after a thief.(警察正在追赶小偷。)
句子结构:主句为 “Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk”,“she was taking” 是定语从句,修饰先行词 “the risk”;“when she ran through a forest after two men” 是时间状语从句,说明 “没考虑风险” 的时间背景。
2. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees.
包含语法与短语解析:
with 复合结构:“with the bag in their possession” 为 with 复合结构(with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语),在句中作伴随状语,表 “包在他们手中” 的状态。
in one's possession:意为 “为某人所拥有;被某人控制”,主语通常为物,可与 “in the possession of sb” 互换。如:The bag is in their possession. = The bag is in the possession of them.(包在他们手中。)
start doing sth:表示 “开始做某事”,强调动作的开启与持续,此处 “started running” 指 “开始跑起来”。
句子逻辑:前半句 “the strap broke” 说明争斗中的结果(带子断了),后半句通过 with 复合结构补充伴随状态,再说明 “两个男人开始跑” 的动作,逻辑连贯。
3. Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them.
包含语法解析:
so...that... 结构:so 为副词,后接形容词或副词,引导结果状语从句,意为 “如此…… 以致于……”。
本句中 “so angry” 描述斯特林夫人的情绪程度,“that she ran after them” 说明该情绪引发的结果(追上去)。
结构对比:与 “such...that...” 均表 “如此…… 以致于……”,但 “such” 后接名词(如 “such bad weather”),“so” 后接形容词 / 副词(如 “so angry”“so fast”),需注意词性搭配差异。
4. She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run.
包含短语与语法解析:
out of breath:固定短语,意为 “上气不接下气”,形容因运动、劳累等导致呼吸急促的状态。
例句:Tom ran to the shop to get some salt for his mother. When he reached there, he was quite out of breath.(汤姆跑去商店给妈妈买盐。到达那里时,他已经上气不接下气了。)
continue to do sth:表示 “接着做某事”,与 “continue doing sth” 含义基本一致,可互换。如:She continued to read after dinner. = She continued reading after dinner.(晚饭后她继续读书。)
句子逻辑:“but” 表转折,前半句说明 “她很快上气不接下气” 的状态,后半句强调 “仍继续追赶” 的动作,体现人物坚持的态度。
5. When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them.
包含短语与句子结构解析:
catch up with sb:意为 “追上,赶上”,强调 “追上” 的结果(区别于 “run after” 侧重 “追赶” 的动作)。
例句:If you hurry up, you can catch up with the bus.(如果你快点,就能赶上那辆公交车。)
go through:此处意为 “(仔细地)搜查,翻看”;也可表示 “浏览”(快速查看)。
例句:She went through her bag, but she couldn't find her key.(她翻遍了包,却没找到钥匙。)
run straight at:意为 “向…… 直冲过去”,“straight” 为副词,修饰 “ran”,表动作方向的直接性。
句子结构:“When she caught up with them” 是时间状语从句;主句中 “she saw” 后接宾语从句,宾语从句内 “had sat down”(过去完成时,表 “坐下” 动作先于 “看到”)与 “were going through”(过去进行时,表 “翻看” 动作与 “看到” 同时进行)存在时态逻辑;“so” 引导结果状语从句,说明 “直冲过去” 的原因。
6. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away.
包含语法解析:
such...that... 结构:such 为形容词,后接名词(可带形容词修饰),引导结果状语从句,意为 “如此…… 以致于……”。本句中 “such a fright”(如此大的惊吓)描述程度,“that they dropped the bag and ran away” 说明 “惊吓” 引发的结果(扔包逃跑)。
结构细节:“fright” 为可数名词,故用 “such a fright”;若后接不可数名词(如 “weather”),则用 “such + 形容词 + 不可数名词”(如 “It was such bad weather that I stayed at home”)。
7. 'The strap needs mending,' said Mrs. Sterling later, 'but they did not steal anything.'
包含语法与词汇解析:
need doing sth:意为 “(某物)需要被做”,动名词 “doing” 含被动含义,相当于 “need to be done”。本句中 “needs mending” = “needs to be mended”(需要被修理)。
例句:The car needs washing. = The car needs to be washed.(车子需要洗一洗了。)
mend:意为 “修理,修补”,侧重 “小修小补”,常用于修复破损的衣物、带子等小型物品(区别于 “repair”,“repair” 更正式,侧重修理故障机器、大型物件等)。例句:I'll mend the torn coat.(我会补那件破外套。);Our TV is being repaired.(我们的电视正在修理。)
重点巩固练习:
1. 我很困,我几乎不能睁开眼睛。
I'm so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open.
2. 天气很糟糕,我只能待在家里。
It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.
3. 街上有很多人看火灾,消防员不能靠近大楼。
There were so many people watching the fire in the street that the firefighters couldn't (rush up to) the building.
4. 我有那么多的工作要做,是不可能去度假的。
It is impossible for me to go on vacation with so much work to do.
I can't go on vacation with so much work undone.(定语后置)
5. 这本书值得一读。
This book deserves reading.
6. 他头枕胳膊睡得正香
He is sleeping soundly with his arms under his head.
7. 当你遇到熊时,你必须屏住呼吸装死。
You must hold your breath to (pretend to be dead) when meeting bears.