Unit 3 Fit for Life Grammar and usage & Integrated skills 导学案（含答案）-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第二册

年 级：高二 科 目：英语 内 容：选择性必修二 U3-2 Grammar and usage - Integrated skills
【同步知识梳理】 知识点1：withdraw vi.&vt.脱离(社会)；不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 (withdraw-withdrew-withdrawn) (1)withdraw (sth. ) from 　 撤回, 撤离 withdraw into oneself 不与人交往 (2)withdrawal n. 撤退, 收回; 提款 make withdrawals 提款 After I lost my right hand in a car accident ten years ago, I began to withdraw into myself, believing I would never be able to lead a normal life again. 在十年前的一场车祸中我失去了右手之后, 我开始不与人交往, 认为自己再也不可能过正常的生活了。 知识点2：equip v. 配备; 装备; 使有所准备; 使有能力 (equip-equipped-equipped-equipping) (1)equip. . . with. . . 　 用……装备…… equip sb. for (doing) sth. /to do sth. 使某人为(做)某事而准备; 使某人具备(做)某事的条件 be equipped with 配备有……(表状态) (2)equipment n. [U]设备, 器材; 配备, 装备 a piece of equipment 一件设备 We want our son to have a good education that will equip him for future life. 我们希望我们的儿子能接受良好的教育, 以便为他将来的生活做准备。 知识点3：artificial adj.人工的; 人造的; 人为的; 虚假的 AI= artificial intelligence 人工智能 New power machinery and artificial fertilizers have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age. 新的动力机械和人工肥料已经彻底改变了始于石器时代的生活方式。 知识点4：grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的 (同义词：thankful/appreciative adj. 感激的) (1)be grateful to sb. for sth. 　　 为某事感谢某人 be grateful to do. . . 感谢做…… (2) gratefully　　　　　 adv. 感激地; 感谢地 (3)gratefulness n. 感激, 感恩 She was grateful to him for being so good to her. 他对她这么好，令她很感激。 知识点5: disabled adj. 有残疾的; 丧失能力的 (1)disable sb. /sth. 　　 使某人/某物失去能力 (2)the disabled 残疾者 mentally disabled 有智力缺陷的 learning disabled 有学习障碍的 (3)disability n. 缺陷, 障碍 Judging from recent surveys, his invention would greatly benefit disabled people. 从最近的调查来看, 他的发明将使残疾人大大受益。 知识点6：disturb vt. 使不安，打扰，搅乱 (1)It disturbs sb. to do sth. 　 做某事令某人不安 (2)disturbing adj. 令人不安的; 打扰的, 烦人的 (3)disturbed adj. 有精神病的; 心理不正常的; 心神不安的 (4)disturbance n. 干扰; 骚乱 I hope I am not disturbing you. 我希望我没有打扰到你。 知识点7：tackle vt. 应付，处理，解决，与……交谈（同义短语：deal with/ do with / cope with） tackle sb. about sth. 与某人交涉，向某人提起 The government is determined to tackle inflation. 政府决心解决通货膨胀问题。 知识点8：adjust vt. & vi. 调整，适应，整理 (1)adjust. . . to (doing). . . 　 调整……以适应(做)…… adjust to 调节; 调整以适应 adjust oneself to. . . 使自己适应…… (2)adjustment n. 调整; 调节; 适应 make an adjustment/adjustments to. . . 对……作出调整 (3)adjustable adj. 可调节的 Since you have settled down in a new country, you have to make an adjustment to the new environment. 既然你已经在一个新的国家安顿下来了, 你就必须适应新的环境。 知识点9：go to great lengths to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事; 不遗余力做某事 表示“尽力做”的常见搭配 do everything in one’s power　 做一切力所能及的事 do/try one’s best to do sth. 尽力做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 spare no effort/pains to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事 make an/every effort to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事 take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛苦/尽力做某事 take (great) pains to do 努力做某事, 费尽力气做某事 go all out to do sth. / for sth. 全力以赴做/为某事 No.9 High School is one of those that have gone to great lengths to protect students’ eyes, coming up with many effective solutions. 第九中学是竭尽全力保护学生眼睛的学校之一, 提出了许多有效的解决办法。 【同步语法梳理】 现在完成进行时 一、现在完成进行时的形式 肯定句：have/has been＋现在分词(doing) 否定句：have/has not been＋现在分词(doing) 疑问句：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词(doing)＋... Our government has been using PSAs to educate people for many years. 多年来，我们的政府一直在用公益广告来教育人们。 He hasn’t been sleeping for two days.他两天没睡觉了。 Has he been studying hard since the new term began 新学期开始以来，他一直在努力学习吗？ 二、现在完成进行时的用法 1．延续：表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动往往还没有结束，将继续持续下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有两千年的造纸历史。(还将继续造纸，不会停止造纸)。 —Why，Jack，you look so tired! —Well，I have been painting the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. ——杰克你看上去很累啊！ ——对，我一直在粉刷屋子，而且明天必须得刷完。(强调一直在做，并且还将持续) Mary has been going to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week. 从6月开始，玛丽每天晚上去上写作课，这个课程将于这周末结束。(玛丽上写作课的动作从过去持续到未来的这周末，所以要用现在完成进行时。) 2．重复：到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。 —Isn’t it hard to drive to downtown to work —Yes，that’s why I have been going to work by train. ——开车去市中心上班难道不麻烦吗？ ——很麻烦，这就是我一直坐火车去工作的原因。(到现在一直坐火车去上班，强调重复性和持续性) Since the time humankind started gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful. 自从人类开始搞园艺活动到现在，我们一直都在努力让我们的环境更美丽。 He has been promising me to help you.Hasn’t he done it？他一直答应我要帮助你，难道他没这样做吗？ I have always been thinking of her but I can’t see her. 虽然我一直想着她，但是我不能见到她。 3．感彩：和进行时一样，现在完成进行时可以带有说话人的感彩(如赞扬、厌恶、抱怨等)。 Where have you been？I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours. 你去哪了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。(抱怨) Who’s been eating my apples？Why didn’t he tell me 谁一直在吃我的苹果？为什么他不告诉我？(不满) Recently Li Ming has been doing his work regularly. 近来，李明总是有规律地做他的工作。(表扬) 三、现在完成进行时需要注意的几点 1．现在完成进行时常和以下时间状语连用：“for＋时间段”，always，since，these days/years/week/afternoon...，How long...等。 I have been attending a tutorial centre for three months. 3个月以来，我一直在一个辅导中心学习。 Since the first modern Olympic Games was held in 1896，athletes and fans have always been trying to get“their” sports into the Olympics. 自从1896年第一届现代奥林匹克运动会举办以来，运动员及运动爱好者一直努力使“他们的”运动成为奥林匹克运动会上的比赛项目。 They have been working in the garden all afternoon. 整个下午他们都在园子里干活。 2．有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时 (1)表示状态的动词be，have，exist，belong，own等； (2)表示感情的动词like，love，hate，detest等； (3)表示感觉的动词see，hear，feel，sound等； (4)其他动词believe，doubt，want，wish，agree，include，order，know等。 (正)He has had a terrible headache for the last few days.他最近几天头疼得很厉害。 (误)He has been having a terrible headache for the last few days. 3．现在完成时可以与never，ever，yet，already等连用，而现在完成进行时则不能与它们连用。 (正)I have already read the novel three times. 这本小说我已经看了三遍。 (误)I have already been reading the novel three times. 四、 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 1．现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性，它是现在完成时的强调形式。 试比较： We’ve been living here for ten years. We’ve lived here for ten years. 我们在这儿已经住了十年了。 2．在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。 The students have been preparing for the exam.(还在进行)学生们一直在准备考试。 The students have prepared for the exam.(已经结束)学生们为考试做了准备。 3．有些表示状态、感情、感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。 They’ve known each other since 1970. 自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。 4．现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感彩： I have waited for two hours.我等了两小时。(陈述事实) I have been waiting for two hours.我一直等了两个小时。(等得好辛苦) 5．不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时： I’ve only known her for two days. 我认识她刚刚两天。 They’ve been married for twenty years. 他们已结婚二十年了。 The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。 随堂语法练习 一、根据所给动词的适当形式填空 1. You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview. 2. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year. 3. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning. 4. I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon. 5. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night. 6. — I'm sure Andrew will win first prize in the final. — I think so. He ________________ (prepare) for it for months. 7. — John is said to have been missing since last week. Has he gone somewhere — Not really. He _________________ (decorate) his newly-bought apartment. 8. — We lost the football match in the last two minutes! — What bad luck! Especially when you _______________ (train) so hard in the past two months. 9. — I'm too tired. I _________________(work) on a design day and night. — You'd better have several days off after finishing it. Otherwise, you might break down. 10. — Have a break, Lily. You _________________ (practice) the piano all morning. — OK, Mom. I will stop after this piece. 【答案】have been looking 2. stayed 3. has been playing/ has played 4. wondered 5. have been waiting 6.has been preparing 7. has been decorating 8.have been training 9.have been working 10.have been practicing 二、单项选择 1. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. — I think so. He ________ for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 2. By the time he realizes he ____ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked 3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked 6. —I have got a headache. —No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked 7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling 8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider 9. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet —Yes. We had a great time there. A. Have ; shown B. Do ; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show 10. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale. —I am tired. I _______ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 【答案】 1-5 DCDDC 6-10 CABAC 三、单句语法填空 1. These surgeons_________(operate) an operation since 2 p.m. and they will need another three hours to finish it. 2. The girl has a great interest in sports and_______(take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 3. ---Tony, why are your eyes red ---I______(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. 4. He said he ________ (leave) a few days later. 5. So far, I __________(organize)several English activities successfully, which have been Ah appreciated by both teachers and classmates. 6. During his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends_______(recommend) before. 7. We won't start the work until all the preparations________ (make). 【答案】1.have been operating 2. has been taking 3. have been cutting 4.was leaving/would leave 5. have organized 6. had recommended 7. have been made 【精题精练精讲】 一、单句填空 1. The book starts slowly, but it ____________ (gradual)draws you in. 2. “Through one of the ____________(session), I discovered my personal strengthens, ” he recalls. 3. Jerry is ____________ amateur who dances because he feels like it. 4. She was impatient in the knowledge that time was ____________(limit). 5. Women deserve to be treated ____________ dignity and they should make their voices heard in the world. 6. Somehow he always manages to defeat most of his ____________(opponent). 7. Organ donation to strangers is considered a(n) ____________ (selfish) act. 8. He got up and ____________ (pour) himself another drink. 9. His movements were so ____________ (grace)they seemed effortless. 10. Lucy ____________ (bend)over her grandmother and listened carefully. 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. When I went to pay him a visit, he __________________(examine) by doctor. 2. Last night’s TV news said that by then the death of the missing people __________________ (not prove) yet. 3. I had the distinct impression I __________________(watch). 4. The coffee __________________ (make)when I walked into the kitchen. 5. All the tables by the window __________________ (book)by telephone when I got to the restaurant. 三、完成句子 1. After a day’s work, I went to the restaurant near my company to have dinner, __________________________. 在工作一天后, 我到公司附近的一家餐馆吃晚饭, 结果却被告知在装修中。 2. Traditional Chinese medicine ___________________________ for thousands of years before its market ___________________________ by western medicine in modernized China. 在现代化的中国, 中药市场受到西药的强烈冲击之前, 中药已经有效应用了几千年。 3. It was reported that an agreement ___________________________between the two companies and that they ___________________________ together. 据报道, 两家公司已经达成了协议, 它们会一起推出一个项目。 4. They brought about what ___________________________ impossible—navigating a ship carrying human beings to the moon for a landing, and then back. 他们带来了以前认为不可能的事情——驾驶一艘载人飞船到月球上登陆, 然后返回。 5. ___________________________ she had been fascinated by the beauty of the West Lake. 这是她第一次被西湖的美丽所吸引。 答案：Ⅰ. 1. gradually 2. Sessions 3. an 4. Limited 5. with 6. Opponents 7. unselfish 8. poured 9. graceful 10. bent Ⅱ. 1. was being examined 2. had not been proved 3. was being watched 4. was being mad 5. had been booked Ⅲ. 1. only to be told that it was being decorated. 2. had been effectively applied ; was strongly impacteda. 3. had been reached ; would carry out a project 4 had been thought 5. This was the first time that 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 Do you always get angry about something Do you always take things too personally Do you find yourself thinking people are laughing at you in public places ___1___ If you are sensitive about something, you are easily worried and angry when people talk about it. ___2__ Actually, sensitive people can appreciate food, the sound of music, the different colors of nature, or even traffic. They can also notice small differences in meaning, making them more emotionally(感情上地) intelligent and more creative. However, it can also be a terrible burden(负担) if left uncared for. ___3___ So you should do something to stop being too sensitive. For example, recognize those people who often leave you feeling tired in life and avoid them. Instead, surround yourself with people who will make you feel bright and happy. If you constantly feel negative about yourself, you’ll struggle with being sensitive. ___4___ Another important thing to do is forgive those who have wronged you. Often sensitive people aren’t good at letting things go. ___5___ This is unhealthy as it’ll keep you from enjoying both the present and the future. Take the lesson; leave the pain. In a word, though being sensitive is certainly a challenge, you can deal with it correctly by taking proper efforts. A. Why are some people sensitive B. Being a bit sensitive isn’t a bad thing. C. You are sensitive and you can’t change that. D. If the answer to any of these questions is yes, you are sensitive. E. As a result, they find it difficult to move on from painful experiences. F. So when a negative thought comes, correct it with something positive. G. Sensitive people always put too much pressure on themselves and tend not to take care of themselves properly. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. G 4. F 5. E 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何克服敏感。 【详解】1. 上文“Do you always get angry about something Do you always take things too personally Do you find yourself thinking people are laughing at you in public places (你总是为某事生气吗？你总是把事情看得太私人化吗？你觉得人们在公共场所嘲笑你吗？)”提出了一些问题；下文“If you are sensitive about something, you are easily worried and angry when people talk about it.(如果你对某事很敏感，当人们谈论它时，你很容易感到担心和愤怒)”提到如果你对某事敏感，这会对你产生一些影响，由此可知，空处应用与“敏感”有关，D项“如果对上述任何一个问题的答案是肯定的，那你就是敏感的”符合，承上启下，D项中的“these questions”指代的是空前提出的问题，引出本文的话题，并为下文介绍敏感的后果作铺垫，符合语境。故选D。 2. 根据空后的内容“Actually, sensitive people can appreciate food, the sound of music, the different colors of nature, or even traffic. They can also notice small differences in meaning, making them more emotionally(感情上地) intelligent and more creative.(事实上，敏感的人可以欣赏食物，音乐的声音，大自然的不同颜色，甚至交通。他们也能注意到意义上的细微差别，使他们在情感上更聪明，更有创造力)”可知，适当的敏感是有好处的，故B项“有点敏感并不是一件坏事”符合语境，概括本段内容。故选B。 3. 空前“However, it can also be a terrible burden(负担) if left uncared for. (然而，如果置之不理，它也可能成为一个可怕的负担)”指出如果不加以重视，过度的敏感也会成为一种可怕的负担。故G项“敏感的人总是给自己施加太多的压力，往往不会好好照顾自己”承接上文，具体介绍敏感是如何成为负担的，符合语境。故选G。 4. 空前“If you constantly feel negative about yourself, you'll struggle with being sensitive.(如果你总是对自己感到消极，你会很难变得敏感)”指出总是对自己感到消极，会很难变得敏感，F项“所以当消极的想法出现时，用积极的东西来纠正它”是针对空前内容提出的建议，符合语境。故选F。 5. 空前“Often sensitive people aren’t good at letting things go.(敏感的人往往不善于放手)”指出敏感的人往往不善于放手，E项“因此，他们很难从痛苦的经历中走出来”承接上文，具体介绍了敏感人群这一特征的结果，符合语境。故选E。 二、完形填空 Research shows that when we are absorbed in an activity, even minor distractions can have a huge effect. According to a study, regaining our ___1___drive following an interruption can take about 20 minutes. Multitasking, as many studies have shown, is a myth. A more accurate account of what happens when we tell ourselves we are multitasking is that we’re rapidly ___2___ between activities, sucking our mental energy. And the ___3___ can be surprisingly serious. An experiment found that we lose as many as 10 IQ points when we allow our work to be ___4___ by distractions like emails and text messages. The ___5___ is that multitasking is enjoyable. It’s fun to satisfy your curiosity. Who knows what that next email or text message holds ___6___ Finding out provides immediate satisfaction. In contrast, ___7___ distractions and staying on task requires discipline and mental effort. So, what are we to do Our strategy is to change the ___8___ to move temptation further away: shut down your email program or ___9___your phone. It’s a lot easier to stay on task when you’re not continuously fighting off mental desires. The ____10____ , which most of us consider common, is similar to dieting in a bakery. We all need the willpower to resist the temptations, but doing so comes with considerable costs to our limited supply of willpower. Another worthwhile ____11____ is to collect similar activities together, keeping transition time to a ____12____ point. Instead of spreading phone calls, meetings and emails throughout your day, try ____13____ related tasks so that there are fewer transitions. In some jobs, multitasking is ____14____. Some of us truly do need to stay connected to our clients, colleagues and managers. So it’s worth noting that limiting disruptions is the only solution. Remember the more you do to minimize task switching over the course of the day, the more ability you’ll have for activities that actually ____15____ . Even small changes can make a big difference. 1. A. inner B. personal C. initial D. ambitious 2. A. planning B. counting C. swapping D. switching 3. A. benefits B. reasons C. consequences D. challenges 4. A. changed B. interrupted C. guided D. adapted 5. A. trouble B. emphasis C. advantage D. practice 6. A. in stock B. in store C. in check D. in possession 7. A. leaving B. creating C. resisting D. mistaking 8. A. expectation B. task C. environment D. vision 9. A. answer B. silence C. replace D. pick 10. A. alternative B. task C. account D. access 11. A. research B. aspect C. reaction D. approach 12. A. minimum B. maximum C. turning D. fixed 13. A. analyzing B. grouping C. assigning D. undertaking 14. A. disturbing B. annoying C. unavoidable D. unnecessary 15. A. matter B. function C. work D. interfere 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述当我们专心于某件事情的时候，即使是很小的分心，也会产生较大影响，所以多任务是不被鼓励的但是有时候是不可避免的，所以我们可以学会把相似的事情分成一组，同时做，这样可以减少转换时间，减少脑力消耗。 【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：分心之后获得最初的动力大约要花费20分钟。A. inner内部的，内心的；B. personal个人的；C. initial最初的；D. ambitious雄心勃勃的。根据前文“Research shows that when we are absorbed in an activity”可知，当我们全神贯注于一项活动时，分心之后获得最初的动力大约要花费20分钟。故选C。 【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们告诉自己正在多任务处理时，更准确的解释是，我们在各种活动之间快速切换，消耗了我们的精神能量。A. planning计划；B. counting起作用；C. swapping交换；D. switching转换。根据前文“Multitasking”以及后文的“between activities”可知，此处强调，当我们在处理多任务的时候，我们需要在各个活动之间快速切换。故选D。 【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：影响可能是惊人地严重。A. benefits益处；B. reasons理由；C. consequences结果；D. challenges挑战。根据后文“An experiment found that we lose as many as 10 IQ points when we allow our work to be ___4___ by distractions like emails and text messages.”可知，通过实验发现如果我们允许那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作，例如邮箱和信息，我们或许丢失10个智商点，这个影响是惊人地严重。故选C。 【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个实验发现如果我们允许那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作，例如邮箱和信息，我们或许丢失10个智商点。A. changed改变；B. interrupted打扰；C. guided指导；D. adapted适应。根据后文“by distractions like emails and text messages”可知，那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作。故选B。 【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人烦恼的是多任务是有趣的。A. trouble麻烦，烦恼；B. emphasis重点；C. advantage优势；D. practice实践。根据后文“It’s fun to satisfy your curiosity.”可知，进行多任务是有趣的，因为它能够满足你的好奇心。故设空处与前文构成转折关系，虽然处理多重任务有着惊人地消极影响，但让人烦扰的是它却是有趣的。故选A。 【26题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：谁知道那个下一个邮箱或者短信贮藏着什么信息？A. in stock有存货；B. in store贮存着，将要发生；C. in check在控制中；D. in possession拥有。根据后文“next email or text message”可知，谁知道那个下一个邮箱或者短信贮藏着什么信息。故选B。 【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，抵制干扰和专注于任务需要自律和精神努力。A. leaving离开；B. creating创造；C. resisting抵制；D. mistaking认错。根据前文“In contrast”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，前文讲述出于好奇，人们会被短信或者邮箱所吸引走，但是此处表示要抵制干扰。故选C。 【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的策略是改变环境，远离诱惑：关闭你的电子邮件程序或让手机静音。A. expectation期望；B. task工作，任务；C. environment环境；D. vision视觉。根据后文“move temptation further away: shut down your email program or ___9___ your phone.”可知，通过关闭电子邮件程序或者手机静音的方式改变环境。故选C。 【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. answer回答；B. silence使沉默；C. replace取代；D. pick挑拣。根据前文“shut down your email program”可知，此处表示关闭电子邮件程序或者手机静音的方式改变环境。故选B。 【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种选择，我们大多数人都认为很常见，类似于在面包店节食。A. alternative可选择的事务；B. task任务；C. account账户；D. access通道。根据后文“is similar to dieting in a bakery”可知，我们抵制干扰和专注于任务就像在面包店节食一样的选择。故选A。 【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个有价值的方法是将类似的活动收集在一起，将过渡时间保持在最小值。A. research研究；B. aspect方面；C. reaction反应；D. approach途径。根据前文“Our strategy is to change the ___8___ to move temptation further away.”可知，此处强调另外一个抵制干扰和专注于任务的方法。故选D。 【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. minimum最小的；B. maximum最大的；C. turning转变的；D. fixed固定的。根据前文“According to a study, regaining our ___1___ drive following an interruption can take about 20 minutes.”以及“collect similar activities together”可知，此处强调将类似的活动收集在一起，将过渡时间保持在最小值。故选A。 【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要把电话、会议和电子邮件分散在你的一天中，试着把相关的任务分组，这样就可以减少过渡。A. analyzing分析；B. grouping聚集；C. assigning指派；D. undertaking承担。根据前文“Instead of spreading phone calls, meetings and emails throughout your day”可知，不要把电话、会议和电子邮件分散在你的一天中，试着把相关的任务分组。故选B。 【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某些工作中，多任务处理是不可避免的。A. disturbing令人困扰的；B. annoying令人恼怒的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据后文“Some of us truly do need to stay connected to our clients, colleagues and managers. ”可知，在某些工作中，多任务处理是不可避免的。故选C。 【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住，你在一天中尽可能少地切换任务，你就有更多的能力去做真正重要的事情。A. matter要紧；B. function发挥功能；C. work有效果；D. interfere干涉。根据后文“Even small changes can make a big difference.”可知，此处强调一天中尽可能少地切换任务，你就有更多的能力去做真正重要的事。故选A。 三、语法填空 After I __1___ (lose) my right hand in a car accident two years ago, I began to withdraw into myself, ___2___ (believe) I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I ___3___ (equip) with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like part of me. Even simple things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, ___4___ , all that changed when I was given the chance to test a new robotic hand. Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs ___5___ (change) my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and hold on to small things like pens and pencils. More ___6___ (amazing), my robotic hand is capable of feeling varying degrees of pressure, just like a real hand. In addition, it looks very lifelike with special rubber ___7___ (use) on the outside. I have rediscovered all the hobbies ___8__ I had enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family again ___9___ I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I have also become ___10___ (confident) and outgoing. I’m so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up. 【答案】1. lost 2. believing 3. was equipped 4. however 5. has changed 6. amazingly 7. used 8. that 9. since 10. more confident 【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者在车祸中失去右手后装了一个假肢，但是不好用，后来作者新装了一个机械手后一切都改变了。 【36题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：在两年前的一场车祸中失去右手后，我开始自我封闭，认为自己再也不能过正常的生活了。空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“two years ago”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填lost。 【37题详解】考查现在分词。句意同上。动词believe和逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填believing。 【38题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：我装了一只假手，但感觉它不像我的一部分。主语I和动词equip之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语I表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was equipped。 【39题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，三个月前，当我有机会测试一只新的机械手时，一切都改变了。上文提到假肢不好用，即使是很简单的事情也很难完成，与下文“一切都改变了”之间是转折关系，应用副词however“然而”。故填however。 【40题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，科学家在机器人技术方面取得了巨大的进步，他们在机器人肢体方面的研究改变了我的生活。根据连词and可知，此处和前一个分句一致，用现在完成时，主语work是不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has changed。 【41题详解】考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像真正的手一样。此处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填amazingly。 【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：此外，它的外部使用了特殊的橡胶，看起来非常逼真。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，动词use和宾语special rubber是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作宾补。故填used。 【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我重新找回了事故前的所有爱好。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是hobbies，且被不定代词all修饰，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that。故填that。 【44题详解】考查连词。句意：例如，自从我有了新手，我又开始为我的家人做饭了。结合句意可知，此处指“自从我有了新手”，用连词since“自从”。故填since。 【45题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：我不仅可以做更多的事情，而且我也变得更加自信和外向。根据more可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填more confident。 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 A Wales is home to some of the UK's most beautiful drives.Narrow lanes criss-cross the land. meaning travel can be slow-but there's no need to rush. The Coastal Way This route(路线）covers the entire length of Cardigan Bay, and spoils travelers with its remote beaches and charming seaside b the sand for fossils,shells at Aberdaron Beach,and then hit the road,heading cast toward Porthmadog. Here you can hop on a heritage steam train, a relic of the region's mining history,to give Snowdonia's skyline your undivided attention. The Cambrian Way The Cambrian Way, which cuts north to south through the heart of Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks to its patchwork fields, dense forests and rolling, sheep-dotted hills. The route becomes increasingly wild and rough as it weaves north into Powys. Spend the night in Rhayader, and you'll need plenty of energy for hiking or mountain biking along the trails. The North Wales Way Spanning Wales' short but scenic north coast, this route offers road trippers a chance to encounter Welsh history, language and culture in a splendid setting. Head west through the uncrowded Clwydian Hills until you reach Ruthin, a little town brimming with history,where you can see its restored castle, century-spanning museum and Victorian Ruthin Gaol. Border Country Tracing the dotted line that separates England and Wales on a map,this border-hugging route will take you to some of Wales' most underrated sites slowly, if you stick to the narrow back roads. Starting in the border town of Chepstow in Southeast Wales,make your way northward.You can top to admire the roofless ruins of Tintern Abbey and lesser known castes Skenfrith and Grosmont 1. Which route best suits people who enjoy mountain scenery A. The Coastal Way. B. The Cambrian Way. C. The North Wales Way D. Border Country. 2. What is special about The North Wales Way A. It enables travelers to visit a castle. B. It is an area of scenic beauty. C. It offers a glimpse into Welsh culture. D. It is a crowd-free escape from big cities. 3. What is the purpose of the article A. To introduce road trips in Wales. B. To introduce the Welsh landscape. C. To tell about Wales' history. D. To advertise Wales 'tourism industry. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】这是一篇应用文。威尔士拥有英国的一些最美丽的车道，本文介绍了四条不同的风景参观线路，供游客参观。 【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“The Cambrian Way”部分“The Cambrian Way,which cuts north to south through the heart of Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks to its patchwork fields, dense forests and rolling, sheep-dotted hills.”（寒武纪之路，从北到南穿过威尔士的中心，由于它错落有致的田野，茂密的森林，绵延起伏的山丘，是一个奇妙的地方。）可知，在The Cambrian Way，游客可以看到绵延起伏的山丘。选项B符合题意，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The North Wales Way”部分中“Spanning Wales' short but scenic north coast, this route offers road trippers a chance to encounter Welsh history, language and culture in a splendid setting. ” （横跨威尔士短小但风景优美的北部海岸，这条路线为公路旅行者提供了一个机会，在一个壮丽的环境中接触威尔士的历史，语言和文化。）可知，这条路线可以帮助人们了解威尔士的文化，选项C符合题意，故选C。 【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Wales is home to some of the UK's most beautiful drives.Narrow lanes criss-cross the land. meaning travel can be slow-but there's no need to rush.”（威尔士是英国最美的地方之一，狭窄的车道纵横交错。也就是说旅行可能会很慢，但是没有必要匆忙。）提到了威尔士美在于其狭窄的车道纵横交错，同时结合下面段落中对威尔士的四条不同的风景参观线路的介绍，可知文章主要介绍了威尔士四条不同的供游客参观风景线路。选项A符合题意，故选A。 B A 293-million-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover (探测器)to Mars ended successfully on February 18th, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rover, nicknamed Percy, is the US space agency’s biggest and most advanced explorer to date. Its primary mission is to search for signs of ancient microbial(微生物的)life on Mars. Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitational(引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere—just one percent that of Earth’s—does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface. The scientists had to reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees—any steeper, and the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”. Upon attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the best location. The NASA scientists will spend the next two months testing Percy’s scientific instruments. Once ready, the rover will begin to carry out its mission. “Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof,” said Lori Glaze, director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division.“ While we’ll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.” 4. What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars A. The speed reduction. B. The atmosphere analysis. C. The location search. D. The time management. 5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about A. Ways to find the precise entry angle. B. Consequences of wrong entry degree. C. Factors to survive “the seven minutes”. D. Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing. 6. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to A. The space. B. The area. C. The system. D. The surface. 7. What can be inferred from Lori Glaze’s words A. Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable. B. Perseverance is able to collect enough evidence needed. C. Man still has a long way to go to prove there was life on Mars. D. Samples of Mars will be returned soon to the labs on the Earth. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“毅力号”火星探测器的主要任务，以及其登陆火星过程中的情况。 【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The Red Planet’s gravitational(引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere—just one percent that of Earth’s—does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.(这颗红色星球的引力使接近的航天器更快地达到高速，而它稀薄的大气层(只有地球的百分之一)在接近表面时几乎没有帮助它减速。)”可知，火星引力会使得接近火星的航天器更快速行进，并且火星稀薄的大气层对减缓航天器的速度几乎没有帮助，故减速是“毅力号”探测器登陆火星的特别挑战。故选A。 【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“The scientists had to reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees(科学家们必须在六分半钟内将Percy的1.2万英里/每小时的速度降低到不到每小时5英里的安全着陆速度。目标进入角度也必须精确到12度)”以及“It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.(难怪最后一段时间通常被称为“恐怖的七分钟”)”可知，该段主要介绍了“恐怖七分钟”的生存因素：降低速度和精确的切入角度。故选C。 【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前句内容“Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area (其复杂的地图读取系统快速扫描该区域)”可知，将Percy数据库中的地图与扫描的区域进行匹配，由此找到最佳的着陆位置。故推断it指代该句中的“the area”。故选B。 【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While we’ll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.(虽然我们将通过探测器上的强大仪器了解到很多东西，但很可能需要地球上设备更完善的实验室和精密的仪器来告诉我们，我们的样本是否携带了火星曾经存在生命的证据。)”可知，确认火星曾经存在过微生物需要大量的证据，而携带这些证据的样本又需要装备更加齐全的实验室以及精密的仪器才能进行分析。据此可推知,人类要证明火星上曾有生命还有很长的路要走。故选C。 C Elon Musk isn’t content with electric cars, shooting people into orbit and populating Mars. He also wants to get inside your brain. His goal is to develop devices that can provide treatment to neural (神经的) diseases and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers. Not that it’s anywhere close to that yet. In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid. But the young company is far from having a commercial product, which would involve complex human trials and governmental approval. Friday’s video showed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain. Musk, a founder of both the electric car company Tesla Motors and the space-exploration firm SpaceX, has always been worried about that smarter AI machines will outwit humans. His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence! Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. “You don’t need to have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is something that can be learned on the job. Connecting a brain up directly to electronics is not new. Doctors have already put similar devices in brains to treat such conditions as Parkinson’s disease. In 2016, researchers reported that a man regained some movement in his own hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s proposal goes beyond this. Neuralink wants to build on those existing medical treatments and work on devices that could link our brains to computers one day. 8. What can we learn about the first version of the Neuralink A. It is smaller than a hearing aid. B. It can be put in a person’s head. C. It has to be placed behind the ear. D. It is already available at the market. 9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “outwit” in paragraph 6 A. copy B. defeat C. understand D. destroy 10. What kind of candidates does Elon Musk particularly want A. Someone who also wants to create the same device. B. Doctors who already know how to treat brain diseases. C. People who have already designed some unique products. D. Engineers who are good at linking brains to computers. 11. Where is this text likely from A. An advertisement. B. A test report. C. A science fiction novel. D. A news report. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 Elon Musk最新推出的Neuralink人机接口。 【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是 寻找新员工的视频中，Musk展示了 Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬币大小的设备。它被设计成放在一个人的大脑里面。该设备的早期版本像一个巨大的助听器一样必须被放在耳朵后面)”可知，第一版的接口必须挂在耳后。故选C。 【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文“His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!(他的解决方案？把我们的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样我们就能在智力上跟上它们，甚至战胜它们)”可推断，Elon Musk担心人工智能机器人会打败人类由此他的解决方案是将人类的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样就能跟上AI甚至打败他们。故推测划线词的意思表示“打败”，与defeat意思相近。故选B。 【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. (Musk敦促程序员、工程师，特别是那些实际创造了一种产品的人来申请)”可知，Elon Musk特别垂青那些有独创作品的程序员及工程师。故选C。 【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是为了招聘新员工的视频中，马斯克展示了第二个版本的Neuralink，这是一种大硬币大小的设备。它被设计用来植入人的大脑。该设备的早期版本必须像一个巨大的助听器一样放在耳朵后面)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Elon Musk在本周五演示录像中展示的产品——最新推出的Neuralink人机接口设备进行的报道和说明。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自一篇新闻报道。故选D。 D On the “healthy” section of any breakfast menu, you’re bound to spot an egg white omelet (煎蛋卷). With no fat and just a quarter of the calories in a whole egg, the whites look like the best choice at first glance. Not so fast, though new research shows a good reason why you might want to keep the yolk (蛋黄) in if you want to get fit. Plus, forget the bad impression that the cholesterol (胆固醇) in yolks has gotten in the past. The USDA removed limits on dietary cholesterol in its most recent dietary guidelines. It’s all because evidence doesn’t back up claims that the cholesterol you eat has much influence on blood cholesterol levels. In a recent study, researchers had ten young men eat either whole eggs or egg whites after completing a strength-training workout. Both egg choices contained 18 grams of protein, and the eggs were developed with chemical markers. Thanks to them, the researchers tracked how the men’s bodies used amino acids (氨基酸) from the eggs and egg whites, and found some surprising results. About 65 to 70 percent of amino acids were available in the blood for both the whole egg and egg white groups suggesting they’d be equally useful in building muscles. But the rest of the results didn’t back up that conclusion. When the researchers looked specifically at how much protein synthesis — the process that helps muscles repair and grow — occurred, one form of egg clearly did better than the other. “Having whole eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater protein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study author Nicholas Burd in a statement. Although this study was too small I to be conclusive, its conclusion backs up whole egg benefits that nutritionists have been praising for years. From their point of view egg whites are high-protein, low-calorie, but the yolk contains nearly all of an egg’s vitamins. And one study found that adults who eat whole eggs in the morning lose more weight and body fat than those who get the same number of calories from a bread-based breakfast. While no large studies have looked into the weight-loss benefits of whole eggs vs egg whites, there’s also no evidence that the 140 calories in two whole large eggs should scare you away. Crack on, egg lovers. 12. What’s implied in Paragraph 1 A. The whites can help people have a good shape. B. The yolk’s function is different from the whites. C. People tend to consider the yolk to be unhealthy. D. The yolk has much to do with blood cholesterol levels. 13. Why were the eggs developed with chemical markers A. To help process the proteins better. B. To make them healthier for people. C. To track the amino acids during digestion. D. To help the body consume amino acids. 14. The findings of the recent study mainly show that_________. A. amino acids are easy to get in eggs B. eating the whole egg helps build muscles C. the yolk of the egg is better than the white D. eggs can produce more proteins than any other kinds of food 15. What would be the best title for the text A. Egg Whites VS Whole Eggs B. Egg White Omelets or Just the Yolk C. The Correct Way to Build Muscles D. Unknown Facts about Egg White Omelets 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】本文时一篇说明文。研究发现，吃全蛋比只吃蛋白更有利于肌肉的修复和增长。 【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“On the “healthy” section of any breakfast menu, you're bound to spot an egg white omelet (煎蛋卷).(在任何早餐菜单的“健康”部分，你一定会看到一个蛋清煎蛋卷)”可知，人们认为只吃蛋白是健康的。由此推知，人们往往认为蛋黄不健康。故选C项。 【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Both egg choices contained 18 grams of protein, and the eggs were developed with chemical markers. Thanks to them, the researchers tracked how the men’s bodies used amino acids (氨基酸) from the eggs and egg whites, and found some surprising results. (两种鸡蛋都含有18克蛋白质，这些鸡蛋都带有化学标记。多亏了他们，研究人员追踪了这些男性的身体是如何利用鸡蛋和蛋白中的氨基酸的，并发现了一些令人惊讶的结果)”可推知，用化学标记物培育鸡蛋是为了追踪消化时产生的氨基酸。故选C项。 【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“When the researchers looked specifically at how much protein synthesis — the process that helps muscles repair and grow — occurred, one form of egg clearly did better than the other. “Having whole eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater protein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study author Nicholas Burd in a statement. (当研究人员专门观察蛋白质合成的多少时——这个过程有助于肌肉的修复和生长——发现一种形式的鸡蛋明显比另一种更好。“运动后立即吃全蛋比只吃蛋清能产生更多的蛋白质合成，”该研究的主要作者尼古拉斯·伯德在一份声明中说)”可知，最近的研究结果主要表明，吃全蛋有助于增强肌肉。故选B项。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“On the “healthy” section of any breakfast menu, you’re bound to spot an egg white omelet (煎蛋卷). With no fat and just a quarter of the calories in a whole egg, the whites look like the best choice at first glance. Not so fast, though new research shows a good reason why you might want to keep the yolk (蛋黄) in if you want to get fit. (在任何早餐菜单的“健康”部分，你一定会发现蛋清煎蛋卷。鸡蛋蛋白不含脂肪，热量只有整个鸡蛋的四分之一，乍一看是最好的选择。虽然最新研究表明，如果你想保持健康，你可能会想保留蛋黄，但速度不会太快)”及下文论述可知，文章主要讲的是一个有关吃蛋白和吃全蛋哪个更好的研究。故选A项。 写作 1.应用文写作 假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Tom近日写信给你，想了解中国高中生的体育锻炼情况。请给Tom写一封回信，内容包括: 1.中国高中生参加体育运动的现状； 2.分析该现状产生的原因； 3.你自己的感想。 注意:1. 词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, Delighted to receive your letter. And I’m writing to tell you something about Chinese high school students’ physical exercise. With the increasing pressure from the national college entrance exam, more and more students have to sacrifice the time for sports to prepare for the exam, which is so important for their future development. They only have one P.E. class a week, obviously not enough. Actually, most of the students are eager to take part in sports, but they are so occupied with their study. In my view, important though it is for them to have a better performance in the exam, health is equally important. Without a strong body, we would achieve nothing in our life. I hope all students can reorganize their timetable and try to build up their body. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】本书面表达是一篇提纲类作文。要求以李华的名义给Tom写一封回信。 【详解】首先审题，这篇文章要求假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom近日写信给你，想了解中国高中生的体育锻炼情况。请给Tom写一封回信，内容包括：1.中国高中生参加体育运动的现状；2.分析该现状产生的原因；3.你自己的感想。其次选用正确的人称和时态，用一般现在时，用第一人称来写。然后写出单个句子，使用正确的连词，连句成段。具体来说，写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文章思连贯，符全逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。 【点睛】本篇书面表达要点全面，结构紧凑，是一篇较好的范文。这简短文使用了大量的复合句。例如：使用了定语从句With the increasing pressure from the national college entrance exam ,more and more students have to sacrifice the time for sports to prepare for the exam, which is so important for their future development和宾语从句I hope all students can reorganize their timetable and try to build up their body. 2.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully counted the coins that lay on the bed. $ 24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was $90! How on earth was he going to get the rest of the money He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was hard to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no need to ask his parents for he knew they had no money to spare. There was only one way to get money, and that was to earn it. He would have to find a job. But who would hire him and what could he do He decided to ask Mr Clay for advice, who usually had opinions in most things. “Well, you can start right here,” said Mr Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.’’ That was the beginning of James’ odd-job (零工) business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was surprised by the various jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He forgot the number of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the money increased and he knew that he would soon have enough for the bicycle he was dying for. The day finally came when James counted his money and found $ 94.32. He wasted no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. It had been hard work for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more since he had bought it with his own money. He had achieved what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle. Paragraph 1: He rode proudly home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Many years later, James succeeded in _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: He rode proudly home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. His friends were more than glad that James owned his bicycle so that they could make a trip together. Excited and confident, James told them the fact that he spent spare time doing various jobs to realize his dream with money earned by himself. All of his friends admired him for his hard work that they would learn from him, achieving their goals without giving up Going home happily. James was encouraged and required by his parents to thank Mr Clay for the odd-job business he offered. Thinking of so many surprising jobs, James understood all of them, moved to tears. Paragraph 2: Many years later, James succeeded in running a company with the name of Good Opinions. He was willing to give good opinions to poor people in difficulty, offering various jobs and helpful equipment to help them overcome all the challenges and live happy lives. He used his life to thank Mr Clay and spread his kind spirits. 【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了詹姆斯在克莱先生的帮助下，通过自己的劳动，赚钱购买了梦寐以求的自行车的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他骄傲地骑回家，期待着向朋友们展示他的新自行车”可知，第一段可描写朋友们看到詹姆斯的自行车后的反应和后续发展。 ②由第二段首句内容“许多年以后，詹姆斯成功了”可知，第二段可描写多年后，詹姆斯取得的成就和童年事件对他的影响。 2.续写线索：向朋友展示自行车——朋友们表示祝贺——父母鼓励感谢克莱先生——詹姆斯取得成功——帮助有需要的人 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.期盼：looking forward to/expect/long for ②.实现梦想：to realize his dream/to make his dream come ture ③.提供各种工作：offering various jobs/providing various jobs 情绪类 ①.感谢：proudly/with pride ②.自豪地：happily/gladly 【点睛】[高分句型1] Excited and confident, James told them the fact that he spent spare time doing various jobs to realize his dream with money earned by himself.（形容词作伴随状语和that引导的同位语从句） [高分句型2] James was encouraged and required by his parents to thank Mr Clay for the odd-job business he offered.（省略that的定语从句） [高分句型3] He was willing to give good opinions to poor people in difficulty, offering various jobs and helpful equipment to help them overcome all the challenges and live happy lives. （现在分词短语作伴随状语）