2026年九年级中考英语被动语态课件(共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
语态
语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
Many people speak Chinese.
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者
谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句
Chinese is spoken by many people.
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
谓语动词为被动语态的句子叫被动句。
同一件事情可以通过主动句或被动句来表达，但意思基本相同。一般说来，主动语态侧重于行为者，被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。
被…/ 由…/ 受…/ 给…
1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者
Rice is grown in the south of China.
2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
3.动作的发出者是物
Many houses were washed away in the flood.
使用被动语态的情况
结构
肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+（by）
My phone was made in China.
否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+（by）
My phone wasn’t made in China.
一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+（by）？
Was your phone made in China
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by）
Where was your phone made
动词过去分词
构成规则 动词原形 动词过去式
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed look play work looked
played
worked
以-e结尾的动词，在末尾加-d like live liked
lived
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母，加-ed plan stop drop planned
stopped
dropped
以辅音字母＋y结尾，变“y”为“i”，加-ed study worry studied
worried
规则变化（与动词过去式规则相同）
(二)不规则变化
因词而异。但是如果对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析，就可发现其中的“规则”。在记忆时，可按下面的形式对教材后不规则动词表进行分析、整理。
原形 过去式 过去分词 中文
beat beat beaten 打败
ABC 型
原形 过去式 过去分词 中文
be was / were been 是，在…
begin began begun 开始
blow blew blown 吹
break broke broken 破裂、折断
AAA型
原形 过去式 过去分词 中文
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 砍、切、割
hit hit hit 打、撞
AAB型
ABA型
原形 过去式 过去分词 中文
become became become 成为
come came come 来
ABB型
原形 过去式 过去分词 中文
understand understood understood 理解、明白
bring brought brought 带来
build built built 建造
burn burned/burnt burned/burnt 燃烧
borrow _______
2. hope ______
3. make ______
4. get ______
9. say ______
10. stick ______
11. hit ______
12. enjoy ______
5. plan _______
6. cry _______
7. send _______
8. watch _______
borrowed
hoped
made
got
planned
cried
sent
watched
said
stuck
hit
enjoyed
巩固练习
Exercises
结构+时态
一般现在时：am / is / are +过去分词
　　You are wanted on the phone.
一般过去时：was / were +过去分词
China was liberated in 1949.
一般将来时：will / is(are) going to be +过去分词
　 The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
现在完成时：have / has been +过去分词
　 Not a book in the library has been taken away.
现在进行时：am / is / are being +过去分词
　 My bike is being repaired.
主动语态与被动语态的转换
He mended the bike yesterday. （主动）
主语 谓语 宾语
The bike was mended by him yesterday. （被动）
主语 谓语 宾语
一般情况，四步走
【一找、二换、三变、四加by】
主动语态与被动语态的转换
【一找、二换、三变、四加by】
① 找出原句的主语、宾语。
② 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾格变成主格。
③ 谓语动词变为被动结构（be+过去分词）。动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
④ 主动语态中的主语如果要留下，就用介词by引导放在动词之后，主格变为宾格。
All the people laughed at him.
→He was laughed at by all the people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
→ The bikes are made by them in the factory.
He cut down a tree.
→ A tree was cut down by him.
Exercises
含有情态动词的被动语态
“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成
Tom can work out this maths problem easily.
→ This maths problem can be easily worked out by Tom.
　　
They should do it at once. 　　
→It should be done at once.
含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态
My father gave me a book on my birthday.
→ I was given a book on my birthday (by my father).
→ A book was given to me on my birthday (by my father).
My father bought me a computer yesterday.
→ I was bought a computer yesterday (by my father).
→ A computer was bought for me yesterday (by my father)
被动语态的双宾语句式:
间接宾语(人)+be+过去分词+直接宾语+其他
直接宾语(物)+be+过去分词+介词(for/ to)+间接宾语+其他
常见双宾语中用介词to的动词：
bring lend offer read return sell show teach write
常见双宾语中用介词for的动词：
book choose find get make pack prepare buy
John tells me the truth.
→I am told the truth by John.
→The truth is told(to) me by John.
Millie will lend me a novel.
→A novel will be lent to me by Millie.
My father bought me a computer.
→A computer was bought for me by my father.
Exercises
含有短语动词的主动语态变为被动语态
She looks after her sister.
→ Her sister is looked after (by her).
有些相当于及物动词的短语动词，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可用于被动语态，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。
带有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态
His teacher found him a good student.
→ He was found a good student by his teacher.
带有复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的主动语态变为被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动语态的主语，原来的宾语补足语不动。
宾语变成主语后，宾语补足语改为主语补足语
　Linda’s parents make her practice the piano every Sunday.
→Linda is made to practice the piano every Sunday.
I saw him enter the Room 102.
→He was seen to enter the Room 102.
Exercises
在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
It is said that....据说....
It is believed that....人们相信...
It is reported that....据报道....
It is （well/widely）known that....众所周知....
It is expected that.....据估计....预计....
It’s said that so many boys in your school like playing football.
It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.
It is widely known that penguins live in the Antarctic.
It is + 过去分词 +that 从句
1.look, smell, feel, taste, sound等连系动词用主动语态表被动意义。
The cloth feels soft.
The cake tastes delicious.
主动结构表被动意义
2.need/require+doing “……需要……”，表被动
相当于need/require+to be done。
The door needs repairing.
=The door needs to be repaired.
The window required cleaning.
=The window required to be cleaned.
3.用于说明主语的品质或性能的动词。如cut, sell, write, wear，read，fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等，常用主动形式表示被动含义。
The jeans wash easily.
Mo Yan is a great writer. His books sell well.
The shop opens every day.
The knife won't cut. It's really a torture.
4.不及物动词和动词短语表被动，如: happen, take place, come out, come true, run out等。
A traffic accident happened last night.
If you work hard, your dream will come true.
下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。
1. I have a lot of homework to be done tonight.
2.Is your history teacher listened carefully in class
3.Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people.
4. The music is sounded beautiful.
5. By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed
6.This month's latest magazine has been come out.
Exercises
1. be done→do
2.listened →listened to
3.name →name is
4.is sounded →sounds
5.who→whom
6.has been come →has come