Starter Welcome to junior high！ 语法讲练：可数名词和不可数名词的用法 （含答案） 2025-2026学年外研版（2024）七年级英语上册

Starter 语法讲练：可数名词和不可数名词的用法 外研版英语（2024）七年级上册
一、可数名词
可数名词是可以计数的单个的物体、人、想法等的名称。可数名词可以和 a / an 以及数字连用；它们有复数形式。
例如：an orange 一个橘子，six oranges 六个橘子；a boy 一个男孩，three boys 三个男孩。
大多数可数名词的复数形式变化可通过在其单数形式后加 s 或 es 实现。
一般情况下，名词后直接加s，如：shops, desks, bags
以字母 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词，直接加es，如：buses, boxes, watches, brushes
以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i，然后加es，如：babies, cities, stories
以字母 o 结尾的名词，直接加es 或s，如：tomatoes, heroes, radios, photos, zoos, pianos
以字母 f / fe 结尾的名词，一般将 f / fe 变成 ves，如：life – lives, knife – knives, leaf – leaves
同时，还应注意一些不规则变化，如：man – men, woman – women, foot – feet, tooth – teeth, child – children 等。
有些单词单复数同形，如：fish, deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese 等。
二、不可数名词
不可数名词是通常不能看成单个个体的材料、液体、抽象概念等的名称。不可数名词通常不与 a / an 连用，也不和数字连用，大部分是单数，没有复数形式。
例如：water 水 (不能说：a water, two waters)；wool 羊毛 (不能说：a wool, two wools)；weather 天气 (不能说：a weather, two weathers)
常见的不可数名词类别包括：
1. 液体类: water, milk, coffee, tea, juice, oil
2. 材料类: wood, paper, glass, gold, iron
3. 食物类: rice, bread, meat, fish, cheese, chocolate
4. 抽象概念类: advice, information, news, knowledge, time, work, homework
5. 自然现象类: weather, sunshine, rain, snow
6. 学科类: English, math, history, music, art
三、数量表达法
1. 可数名词：可以直接用数字修饰。
例如：one book, two apples, three students
2. 不可数名词：不能直接用数字修饰，需要借助量词。
例如：a piece of advice (一个建议)，two glasses of water (两杯水)，three bottles of milk (三瓶牛奶)
常用量词搭配：
a piece of... (paper, news, advice, information)
a glass of... (water, milk, juice)
a bottle of... (water, milk, wine)
a cup of... (tea, coffee)
a bag of... (rice, sugar)
a slice of... (bread, cake, meat)
练习题：
一、名词分类：判断下列名词是可数名词(C)还是不可数名词(U)。
1. homework ( )
2. student ( )
3. music ( )
4. child ( )
5. news ( )
6. tomato ( )
7. water ( )
8. money ( )
9. foot ( )
10. furniture ( )
二、复数变形：写出下列可数名词的复数形式。
1. box → __________
2. watch → __________
3. city → __________
4. knife → __________
5. photo → __________
6. woman → __________
7. sheep → __________
8. tooth → __________
9. bus → __________
10. baby → __________
三、单项选择：从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
1. I need to buy __________ for the letter.
A. two piece of paper
B. two papers
C. two pieces of paper
D. two piece of papers
2. There are many __________ in the zoo.
A. deer
B. deers
C. deeres
D. a deer
3. Would you like __________
A. a tea
B. some tea
C. some teas
D. many tea
4. We have three __________ in our office.
A. woman
B. womans
C. women
D. womens
5. She has two __________.
A. watchs
B. watch
C. watches
D. watchies
6. I don't have __________ with me.
A. many moneys
B. much moneys
C. many money
D. much money
7. The __________ are playing in the garden.
A. babys
B. babyes
C. babies
D. baby
8. He gave me some good __________.
A. advice
B. advices
C. advise
D. advises
9. We need to get some __________ for the soup.
A. potato
B. potatos
C. potatoes
D. potatoes
10. There is __________ on the ground in winter.
A. some snow
B. a snow
C. many snows
D. snows
四、量词搭配：选择正确的量词完成短语。
1. a __________ of news
2. two __________ of water
3. three __________ of bread
4. a __________ of chocolate
5. four __________ of milk
6. a __________ of paper
7. two __________ of advice
8. a __________ of rice
9. three __________ of furniture
10. a __________ of information
A. piece
B. glasses
C. slices
D. bar
E. bottles
F. piece
G. pieces
H. bag
I. pieces
J. piece
五、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. How many __________ (child) are there in the park
2. I'd like three __________ (bottle) of water.
3. There are many __________ (sheep) on the farm.
4. Could you give me some __________ (advice)
5. We need to buy some __________ (potato) for dinner.
6. There is a lot of __________ (homework) today.
7. She has two __________ (knife) in her kitchen.
8. I need __________ (information) about the train schedule.
9. There are five __________ (woman) in the room.
10. Would you like a __________ (cup) of coffee
六、改错题：下列句子各有一处错误，请找出并改正。
1. He gave me some good advices.
__________
2. I have three new watchs.
__________
3. We need many furnitures for the new house.
__________
4. There are a lot of fishs in the lake.
__________
5. She has much interesting books.
__________
6. I'd like two waters, please.
__________
7. He has several important informations.
__________
8. There are five womans in the team.
__________
9. I need a paper to write on.
__________
10. We have many homeworks today.
__________
答案：
一、名词分类
1. U
2. C
3. U
4. C
5. U
6. C
7. U
8. U
9. C
10. U
二、复数变形
1. boxes
2. watches
3. cities
4. knives
5. photos
6. women
7. sheep
8. teeth
9. buses
10. babies
三、单项选择
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. A
9. C
10. A
四、量词搭配
1. A (piece)
2. B (glasses)
3. C (slices)
4. D (bar)
5. E (bottles)
6. F (piece)
7. G (pieces)
8. H (bag)
9. I (pieces)
10. J (piece)
五、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. children
2. bottles
3. sheep
4. advice
5. potatoes
6. homework
7. knives
8. information
9. women
10. cup
六、改错题
1. advices → advice
2. watchs → watches
3. many furnitures → much furniture (或 many pieces of furniture)
4. fishs → fish
5. much → many
6. two waters → two glasses of water
7. informations → information
8. womans → women
9. a paper → a piece of paper
10. many homeworks → much homework (或 many homework assignments)