Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 课文知识点课件(共16张PPT)-译林版（2020）必修第三册
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 课文知识点课件(共16张PPT)-译林版（2020）必修第三册 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 494.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-08 09:40:40 | ||
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文档简介
(共16张PPT)
B3U4Extended Reading
The value of science
科学的价值
When I was younger, I thought science would make good things for everybody. It was obviously useful; it was good. But then during the war I worked on the atomic bomb. This result of science was obviously very serious—it represented the destruction of people and it put our future at risk. I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science ”
在我还很年轻的时候，我以为科学会给每个人都带来好处。科学显然是有用的；有好的一面。但随后在战争期间，我从事了原子弹的研究。这个科学的成果又明摆着有很大危险性——它意味着人的毁灭，并使我们的未来岌岌可危。我不得不扪心自问：“科学之中是不是也包含罪恶？”
Put another way, what is the value of the science I had long devoted myself to—the thing I had loved—when I saw what terrible things it could do It was a question I had to answer. I thought long and hard about this question, and I will try to answer it in this talk.
换言之，在我发现科学可能造成的恶果之后，我一直投身其中的科学，我曾 经的挚爱，价值何在？这是一个我不得不回答的问题。关于这个问题，我苦思冥想了很久，我将试着在这次演讲中给出解答。
The first way in which science is of value is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Of course, if we make good things, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad—but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. Such power has obvious value—even though the power may be negated by what one does with it.
科学体现价值的第一种方式对每个人而言都耳熟能详：科学知识让我们能够做各种各样的事，造不同种类的东西。当然，如果我们做了好事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。科学知识是一种让我们可以行善也可以作恶的力量——但是该如何运用，它并未自带说明书。这样的力量其价值显而易见，尽管，这力量会被某人用它所做的事否定。
Another value of science is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us with. When we look at any question deeply enough, we feel the excitement and mystery coming to us again and again. With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still.
科学的另一种价值在于它能够给予我们以智力的享受。当我们足够深入地探究某个问题时，我们会感到兴奋和神秘不断地扑面而来。随新知而来的是更深 刻更精妙的奥秘，激励我们更深入地去探究。
Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. Thanks to the scientific effort, we have been led to imagine all sorts of things more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could.
我们从不担心答案会令人失望，带着愉悦和信心，我们翻开每一块新的石头去发现意想不到的奇妙，它们指向更多精妙的问题与奥秘。有赖于在科学上付出的努力，我们在其引领下构想出形形色色的东西，远比过去任何一位诗人和梦想家的想象更加美妙。
I would now like to turn to a third value that science has. The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of very great importance. When a scientist doesn’t know the answer to a problem, he is ignorant. When he has an idea as to what the result is, he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be, he is still in some doubt.
现在，我要说到科学的第三种价值。科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。当科学家不知道某个问题的答案时，他是无知的。当他对于结果是什么有主意时，他是不确定的。当他非常确信结果将会怎样时，他仍旧有所怀疑。
Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. But our freedom to doubt was born out of a deep and strong struggle against authority in the early days of science. In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt. Permit us to question—to doubt—to not be sure.
现在，我要说到科学的第三种价值。科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。当科学家不知道某个问题的答案时，他是无知的。当他对于结果是什么有主意时，他是不确定的。当他非常确信结果将会怎样时，他仍旧有所怀疑。
It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations.
如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。但是我们怀疑的自由，脱胎于早年间科学为对抗权威展开的深刻而强硬的斗争。为了进步，我们切不可忘记这场斗争的重要性；我们必须认识到自己的无知，并且为怀疑留出一席之地。要允许我们提问——怀疑——不确定。
credit (n.)赞扬,认可;信用 (vt.)存入金额;把…归于
e.g.: ①If you haven’t got enough money, you can buy a computer ___ credit.
②___ his credit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened.
③His final success was to the credit of his long-lasting hard work.
④Your honesty does you great credit.
⑤Your salary has been credited to your account.
⑥The company is credited with inventing the industrial robot.
(1)to one’s credit 使某人值得赞扬/钦佩的是
to the credit of 归功于
do sb/sth credit＝do credit to sb/sth 使某人/某物值得赞扬
on credit 赊账
(2)A be credited with B=B be credited to A 把B存入A;把B归功于A
on
To
apply (vt.& vi.)应用;申请;涂;有关
e.g.: ①Learning that your gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition, I am eager to apply to be a volunteer for the event.
②We must apply what we have learned ___ our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.
③He applied to the local newspaper ____ a job and was accepted.
④You should attach a recent photograph to your __________ (apply) form.
(1)apply…to… 把…运用到…中;把…涂到…上
apply to… 适应…;适用于…
apply (to…) for… (向…)申请…
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply oneself to 集中精力于
(2)applicant (n.) 申请人
application (n.) 申请;申请书;适用
to
for
application
apply (vt.& vi.)应用;申请;涂;有关
e.g.: ⑤If you apply yourself ___ your study, you will pass the exam.
(1)apply…to… 把…运用到…中;把…涂到…上
apply to… 适应…;适用于…
apply (to…) for… (向…)申请…
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply oneself to 集中精力于
(2)applicant (n.) 申请人
application (n.) 申请;申请书;适用
→Apply yourself to your study, and you will pass the exam.
(祈使句)
→Applying yourself to your study, you will pass the exam.
(动词-ing形式作状语)
to
freedom (n.)自由
e.g.: ①You are free _________ (choose) the courses that suit your interests.
②You can't expect people to work ____ free.
③After years of hard work, he is finally free of debt.
④They desire for a society that is free from disease.
⑤I have a desire to live a trouble-free life.
⑥She struggled to free herself.
(1)free (adj.)自由的;免费的;空闲的;没有…的;不遭受
(vt.)释放;使摆脱
for free 免费地
be free to do sth. 自由/随意做某事
be free of 没有…的;摆脱…的
be free from 不遭受
(2)freely (adv.)自由地
to choose
for
permit (vt.& vi.)允许,准许,许可;使有可能 (n.)许可证
e.g.: ①Even if you have a permit, I won’t permit you ________ (enter) the hall without her __________ (permit).
②Please permit me a few words.
③天气允许的话，我们将在沙滩上野餐。
(1)permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
permit sb sth 允许某人某事
(2)permission (n.) 允许;许可
with/without (one’s) permission 经/未经(某人)允许
Weather permitting, we’ll have a picnic at the beach.
(if引导条件状从)
(独立主格结构)
If weather permits, we’ll have a picnic at the beach.
to enter
permission
重点词汇搭配用法归纳：
1.credit (n.)赞扬,认可;信用 (vt.)存入金额;把…归于
(1)to one’s credit 使某人值得赞扬/钦佩的是
to the credit of 归功于
do sb/sth credit＝do credit to sb/sth 使某人/某物值得赞扬
on credit 赊账
(2)A be credited with B=B be credited to A 把B存入A;把B归功于A
2.apply (vt.& vi.)应用;申请;涂;有关
(1)apply…to… 把…运用到…中;把…涂到…上
apply to… 适应…;适用于…
apply (to…) for… (向…)申请…
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply oneself to 集中精力于
(2)applicant (n.) 申请人
application (n.) 申请;申请书;适用
3.freedom (n.)自由
(1)free (adj.)自由的;免费的;空闲的;没有…的;不遭受
(vt.)释放;使摆脱
for free 免费地
be free to do sth. 自由/随意做某事
be free of 没有…的;摆脱…的
be free from 不遭受
(2)freely (adv.)自由地
4.permit (vt.& vi.)允许,准许,许可;使有可能 (n.)许可证
(1)permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
permit sb sth 允许某人某事
(2)permission (n.) 允许;许可
with/without (one’s) permission 经/未经(某人)允许
B3U4Extended Reading
The value of science
科学的价值
When I was younger, I thought science would make good things for everybody. It was obviously useful; it was good. But then during the war I worked on the atomic bomb. This result of science was obviously very serious—it represented the destruction of people and it put our future at risk. I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science ”
在我还很年轻的时候，我以为科学会给每个人都带来好处。科学显然是有用的；有好的一面。但随后在战争期间，我从事了原子弹的研究。这个科学的成果又明摆着有很大危险性——它意味着人的毁灭，并使我们的未来岌岌可危。我不得不扪心自问：“科学之中是不是也包含罪恶？”
Put another way, what is the value of the science I had long devoted myself to—the thing I had loved—when I saw what terrible things it could do It was a question I had to answer. I thought long and hard about this question, and I will try to answer it in this talk.
换言之，在我发现科学可能造成的恶果之后，我一直投身其中的科学，我曾 经的挚爱，价值何在？这是一个我不得不回答的问题。关于这个问题，我苦思冥想了很久，我将试着在这次演讲中给出解答。
The first way in which science is of value is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Of course, if we make good things, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad—but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. Such power has obvious value—even though the power may be negated by what one does with it.
科学体现价值的第一种方式对每个人而言都耳熟能详：科学知识让我们能够做各种各样的事，造不同种类的东西。当然，如果我们做了好事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。科学知识是一种让我们可以行善也可以作恶的力量——但是该如何运用，它并未自带说明书。这样的力量其价值显而易见，尽管，这力量会被某人用它所做的事否定。
Another value of science is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us with. When we look at any question deeply enough, we feel the excitement and mystery coming to us again and again. With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still.
科学的另一种价值在于它能够给予我们以智力的享受。当我们足够深入地探究某个问题时，我们会感到兴奋和神秘不断地扑面而来。随新知而来的是更深 刻更精妙的奥秘，激励我们更深入地去探究。
Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. Thanks to the scientific effort, we have been led to imagine all sorts of things more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could.
我们从不担心答案会令人失望，带着愉悦和信心，我们翻开每一块新的石头去发现意想不到的奇妙，它们指向更多精妙的问题与奥秘。有赖于在科学上付出的努力，我们在其引领下构想出形形色色的东西，远比过去任何一位诗人和梦想家的想象更加美妙。
I would now like to turn to a third value that science has. The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of very great importance. When a scientist doesn’t know the answer to a problem, he is ignorant. When he has an idea as to what the result is, he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be, he is still in some doubt.
现在，我要说到科学的第三种价值。科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。当科学家不知道某个问题的答案时，他是无知的。当他对于结果是什么有主意时，他是不确定的。当他非常确信结果将会怎样时，他仍旧有所怀疑。
Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. But our freedom to doubt was born out of a deep and strong struggle against authority in the early days of science. In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt. Permit us to question—to doubt—to not be sure.
现在，我要说到科学的第三种价值。科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。当科学家不知道某个问题的答案时，他是无知的。当他对于结果是什么有主意时，他是不确定的。当他非常确信结果将会怎样时，他仍旧有所怀疑。
It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations.
如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。但是我们怀疑的自由，脱胎于早年间科学为对抗权威展开的深刻而强硬的斗争。为了进步，我们切不可忘记这场斗争的重要性；我们必须认识到自己的无知，并且为怀疑留出一席之地。要允许我们提问——怀疑——不确定。
credit (n.)赞扬,认可;信用 (vt.)存入金额;把…归于
e.g.: ①If you haven’t got enough money, you can buy a computer ___ credit.
②___ his credit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened.
③His final success was to the credit of his long-lasting hard work.
④Your honesty does you great credit.
⑤Your salary has been credited to your account.
⑥The company is credited with inventing the industrial robot.
(1)to one’s credit 使某人值得赞扬/钦佩的是
to the credit of 归功于
do sb/sth credit＝do credit to sb/sth 使某人/某物值得赞扬
on credit 赊账
(2)A be credited with B=B be credited to A 把B存入A;把B归功于A
on
To
apply (vt.& vi.)应用;申请;涂;有关
e.g.: ①Learning that your gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition, I am eager to apply to be a volunteer for the event.
②We must apply what we have learned ___ our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.
③He applied to the local newspaper ____ a job and was accepted.
④You should attach a recent photograph to your __________ (apply) form.
(1)apply…to… 把…运用到…中;把…涂到…上
apply to… 适应…;适用于…
apply (to…) for… (向…)申请…
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply oneself to 集中精力于
(2)applicant (n.) 申请人
application (n.) 申请;申请书;适用
to
for
application
apply (vt.& vi.)应用;申请;涂;有关
e.g.: ⑤If you apply yourself ___ your study, you will pass the exam.
(1)apply…to… 把…运用到…中;把…涂到…上
apply to… 适应…;适用于…
apply (to…) for… (向…)申请…
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply oneself to 集中精力于
(2)applicant (n.) 申请人
application (n.) 申请;申请书;适用
→Apply yourself to your study, and you will pass the exam.
(祈使句)
→Applying yourself to your study, you will pass the exam.
(动词-ing形式作状语)
to
freedom (n.)自由
e.g.: ①You are free _________ (choose) the courses that suit your interests.
②You can't expect people to work ____ free.
③After years of hard work, he is finally free of debt.
④They desire for a society that is free from disease.
⑤I have a desire to live a trouble-free life.
⑥She struggled to free herself.
(1)free (adj.)自由的;免费的;空闲的;没有…的;不遭受
(vt.)释放;使摆脱
for free 免费地
be free to do sth. 自由/随意做某事
be free of 没有…的;摆脱…的
be free from 不遭受
(2)freely (adv.)自由地
to choose
for
permit (vt.& vi.)允许,准许,许可;使有可能 (n.)许可证
e.g.: ①Even if you have a permit, I won’t permit you ________ (enter) the hall without her __________ (permit).
②Please permit me a few words.
③天气允许的话，我们将在沙滩上野餐。
(1)permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
permit sb sth 允许某人某事
(2)permission (n.) 允许;许可
with/without (one’s) permission 经/未经(某人)允许
Weather permitting, we’ll have a picnic at the beach.
(if引导条件状从)
(独立主格结构)
If weather permits, we’ll have a picnic at the beach.
to enter
permission
重点词汇搭配用法归纳：
1.credit (n.)赞扬,认可;信用 (vt.)存入金额;把…归于
(1)to one’s credit 使某人值得赞扬/钦佩的是
to the credit of 归功于
do sb/sth credit＝do credit to sb/sth 使某人/某物值得赞扬
on credit 赊账
(2)A be credited with B=B be credited to A 把B存入A;把B归功于A
2.apply (vt.& vi.)应用;申请;涂;有关
(1)apply…to… 把…运用到…中;把…涂到…上
apply to… 适应…;适用于…
apply (to…) for… (向…)申请…
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply oneself to 集中精力于
(2)applicant (n.) 申请人
application (n.) 申请;申请书;适用
3.freedom (n.)自由
(1)free (adj.)自由的;免费的;空闲的;没有…的;不遭受
(vt.)释放;使摆脱
for free 免费地
be free to do sth. 自由/随意做某事
be free of 没有…的;摆脱…的
be free from 不遭受
(2)freely (adv.)自由地
4.permit (vt.& vi.)允许,准许,许可;使有可能 (n.)许可证
(1)permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
permit sb sth 允许某人某事
(2)permission (n.) 允许;许可
with/without (one’s) permission 经/未经(某人)允许