2026年河北中考英语语法复习之形容词副词专题讲义（含答案）

授课主题 河北中考形容词、副词专题讲义
教学目的 掌握中考形容词、副词常见考法
重、难点 在具体语境中灵活运用形容词、副词原形及其比较级、最高级
教学内容
教师寄语：Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who've had the most failures.世上最成功的人往往都是失败最多的人。 课程导入 Look at the pictures and understand （看图并理解） (
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) 三、知识点讲解 知识点1形容词的分类 分类说明性质形容词用于表示人或物所具有的性质。在英语中，大量的形容词属于这一类别，多数有比较级和最高级，有程度大小的区别，可以使用程度副词修饰。例如: funny滑稽的，lovely可爱的，healthy健康的类别形容词用于阐明人或事物所属的特定类别。这一类形容词往往没有程度大小的区别、没有比较级和最高级，而且不使用程度副词修饰。例如:financial经济的，mental脑力的，cultural文化的颜色形容词用于表示事物颜色的形容词。这一类形容词没有比较级和最高级。例如: blue蓝色的,green绿色的，white白色的叙述形容词这类形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid害怕的，alone单独的，asleep睡着的，worth值得的，ill病的分词形容词英语中有些表情感态度的使役性动词，如excite, worry，其过去分词和现在分词可形容词化，即相当于形容词。例如:worried担优的，worrying令人担忧的，exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋的复合形容词指的是由几个词共同构成并起形容词作用的词。例如:three-year-old三岁的，ordinary-looking相貌普通的，, middle-aged中年的
知识点2形容词的句法功能 成分说明例句作定语一般放在所修饰词的前面It's a cold and windy day today.今天是个寒冷、有风的天气。作表语放在系动词的后面He looks happy today.他今天看上去很开心。做补足语作主语或宾语的补足语.说明主 语或宾语的性质、状态或特征I think it impossible for him to finish the work before dark.我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。作状语主要表示原因、伴随或方式Hungry and tired, I had to stop to have a rest.又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。【知识拓展】 1.形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。例如: Would you like something hot to drink 你想喝点热的东西吗 There is nothing important in the paper.报上没什么重要的事情。 2.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。例如: The bridge is about two hundred metres long.这座桥长约两百米。 Last year we bulit a building thirteen storeys high·去年，我们盖了一栋十三层高的楼。 3.多个形容词作定语时的顺序排列:限定词(冠词、数词、代词等)→描绘性形容词→大、小(长、短、高、低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新、旧)形容词→颜色形容词、国籍形容词、材料形容词、用途(类别)形容词、名词。可以结合顺口溜来熟记这一顺序：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。例如: a Chinese writing desk一张中式写字桌;her charming small round pink face她迷人的小而圆的粉红脸蛋;those beautiful little old Chinese earthen vases那些漂亮小巧的古代中国花瓶
知识点3形容词的比较等级 形容词比较级和最高级的构成 构成方式例词规 则 变 化单 音 节 和 部 分 双 音 节 词一般在词尾加-er,-estsmall→ smaller→ smallest; high→ higher→highest以不发音的字母e结尾的词，加一--r，-stlarge→ larger→ largest: nice→ nicer→ nicest以两个辅音字母夹一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写词尾的辅音字母，再加一er,-estbig→bigger→biggest; thin→ thinner→ thinnest以“辅音字母+r“结尾的词，变r为i，再加-er,-estugly→uglier→ugliest; busy→ busier→ busiest少数以er或ow结尾的双音节词，词尾加一er,-estnarrow→ narrower→ narrowest; clever→cleverer→ cleverest多 音 节其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词，在词前加more, mostimportant→more important→most important；tired→ more tired→most tired不 规 则 变 化bad/ill→worse→worst; much/many→ more→most; good/well→better→best; far→ farther/further, →farthest/furthest; old→older/elder→oldest /eldest；;little→less→least【巧学助记】 可结合顺口溜记忆形容词的不规则的变化：合二为一共三对，坏病两多和两好：一分为二有两个，一是远来二是老。还有一词含双义，只记少来不记小。(对应的词为:bad/ill , many/much, good/well; far，old; little) 【易错警示】 1.farther/farthest和further/furthest的区别:二者表示距离时，往往可互换，但是用于引申义，表示程度时，只能使用后者。例如: He can throw much farther/further than you.他可以比你扔得远得多。 His suggestion is that Kate should be sent abroad for further education·他的建议是凯特被派往国外进修。 2. older/oldest和elder/eldest的区别:前者用于人或者物，可作定语和表语，可与than连用，而后者主要用于家人之间，表明长幼关系，往往用于人，不用于物，而且只作定语不作表语，也不与than连用。 例如: I'm two years older than him.我比他大两岁。 His elder brother works in a clothing factory.他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。
形容词比较等级的句式结构和用法 句式结构含义例句A+be+形容词比较级+than+B表示一方超过或低 于另一方的情况You are taller than me.你比我高。 Hangzhou is more beautiful than Wuhan.杭州比武汉美丽。【知识拓展】 1.在形容词的比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little…来修饰，表示“……得多”，“甚至……”“更……”“····一些”。例如: Our city is much more beautiful than yours.我们的城市比你们的漂亮得多。 2.表示“是几倍，大几岁，高几厘米”时，可用“倍数/数量词+比较级+than"。例如: Our room is twice larger than theirs.我们的房间是他们的两倍大。 She is a head taller than me.她比我高一头。 3.“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……”，用比较级形式来表达最高级的意思。例如: He is better than any other student in the class.他比班里其他任何一个学生都好。as+形容词原级+as表示“……和…… 一样……”You are as tall as me.你和我一样高。 The weather in Beijing is not as( =so) hot as that in Wuhan.北京的 天气不如武汉热。【知识拓展】倍数的表达方法: ① ~times as+形容词原级+as(是……的几倍……)，在英语中，两倍用twice, 三倍及三倍以上用three, four... Limes。例如:This garden is ten times as large as that one.这个花园是那个的十倍大。 (2)half as+形容词原级+as (….…的一半……)。例如: My handwriting is not half as good as yours.我的书法不如你的一半好。比较级+and+比较级表示“越来越·China is becoming stronger and stronger.中国正变得越来越强大。the+比较级，the+比较级表示“越……，就 越……The quicker you walk, the less time you will use.你走得越快，花的时间就越少。A+be+形容词最高级+of/in…表示“A在某范围内 是最……的”Michael is the best teacher in Jim's eyes.在吉姆看来，迈克尔是最好的老师。【知识拓展】在of/in后接短语表示范围时，of后接表同一类事物的名词或者代词,而in后接表示一定区域或组织等空间范围的名词。例如: China has the largest population in the world.中国拥有世界上最多的人口。 The sun is the most important to the earth of all the stars.在所有的星星中，太阳对地球来说最重要。
【例题解析】 （河北中考2017单选 ）Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is ________ in China．（　　） A．patient B．lucky C．possible D．traditional （河北中考2017单选）Mr．Liu is a really nice person﹣﹣﹣the ________ person I know．（　　） A．nicer B．nicest C．happier D．happiest （河北中考2017完型）He wished to do as he was told．Ralph helped his mother with the farm work and he was very happy．"Now you must be tired and （5）　 　，"said his mother．"Have a good rest here and eat some cookies．I will get a beautiful red rose for you． 5．A．lazy B．noisy C．hungry D．sleepy （河北中考2017完型）When Ralph found that he could not have the white rose，he began to cry，and （8）　 　 took it away．But he was soon very sorry．The thorns hurt his hand．It was so（9）　 　 that he could not use it for some time． 8．A．quietly B．proudly C．politely D．suddenly 9．A．helpful B．harmful C．peaceful D．painful （河北中考2017词语运用）He often listens 　 　 （careful） to my problems．He always offers　 　 （I） some help．He is a hero in my heart． We have different 　 　 （class） every day．On Friday afternoon，our school ends 　 　 （early）than usual． （河北中考2018单选）This dog looks ________． It's wearing red shoes．（　　） A．clever B．brave C．funny D．careful （河北中考2018完型）We put salt on icy roads to make them（4）　 　． We also use salt to produce other products， like paper and glass． （4）A． wide B． safe C． smooth D． thick （河北中考2018完型）As a result， salt protects food and many other things． For much of humans history， this ability has made salt（7）　 　 Every ancient culture from Egypt to China depended on salt． （7）A． hopeful B． comfortable C． valuable D． successful （河北中考2018词语运用）This morning I took a bus to school． The traffic was （1）　 　 （busy） than usual and there were more people on the bus． （河北中考2018词语运用）He thanked me and asked me about my name and my school． We talked （4）　 　 （happy）． （河北中考2019单选）The High Speed Rail is amazing. It makes travel_________. A. easier B. harder C. higher D. slower （河北中考2019单选）Ken was_________ late for school. The bell rang right after he entered the classroom. A. still B. always C. already D. almost （河北中考2019完型）I thought and thought. 38 I chose the Thomas A. Edison Company. Soon after, the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison. A. Easily B. Finally C. Safely D. Quickly （河北中考2019完型）Later, we found a 42 model plane in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things. It is not unusual for this to happen. A. different B. similar C. large D. small （河北中考2019词语运用）We had a 74.__________ (wonder) time. It is really nice to have such 75.__________ good classmate. “It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have also written some 78.__________ (note) under each of these photos,” he said. I was 79.__________ (deep) moved. （河北中考2020单选）Helen is the person in her family. Her two elder sisters are both married. A. older B. oldest C. younger D. youngest （河北中考2020完型）Listening to your favorite songs will surely make you___15___. The best thing about this is that you don’t have to go___16___ 15. A. lovely B. friendly C. happy D. sleepy 16. A. somewhere B. everywhere C. anywhere D. nowhere Reading can take you to places you've___18___ been. Putting yourself into a new world helps you forget your stress in this world for a little bit. 18. A. ever B. never C. seldom D. always （河北中考2020词语运用）Mum cut the meat and cabbages into small pieces___43___（quick）. They were so delicious that I ate ___49___（many） than twenty. （河北中考2021单选）Please be polite and ________ offer your seat to people who need it. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always （河北中考2021单选）---What is the world’s ________ mountain ---Mount Qomolangma. A. lower B. lowest C. higher D. highest （河北中考2021完型）Sometimes, they’re unhappy and even feel ___42___. Well, if you think your life is hard, you might think about the ___43___ in ancient times. For some of them, life was really hard. 42. A. tired B. angry C. excited D. good 43. A. doctors B. parents C. teachers D. students （河北中考2021完型）In the old days, people believed that teachers had to be very ___44___ and had the right to punish the students. Parents didn’t mind if teachers punished their children when their children didn’t do what they were ___45___ to do. 44. A. kind B. clever C. strict D. careful 45. A. told B. heard C. invited D. watched （河北中考2021完型）In class, a teacher may ask students to raise their hands ___48___ they speak. If someone speaks out of turn, other students might not be able to hear the teacher ___49___. 48. A. because B. though C. before D. unless 49. A. clearly B. luckily C. quickly D. politely （河北中考2021词语运用）I’m 16 years old. I have two little brothers. They’re very 71.____________ (love). Last week we played against another school. They ran 78.____________ (fast) than us. 【巩固练习】 (　　) 1.---Who is , Yao Ming, Liu Xiang or Michael Jordan ---Yao Ming, of course. tall B. taller C. the tallest (　　)2. --- This shirt is very . ---Yes, but that one is much . cheap cheap B. cheaper cheap C. cheap cheaper (　　) 3. ---What do you think of Beijing ---It is becoming . A.beautiful and beautiful B.more and more beautiful C.beautifuler and beautifuler (　　) 4. ---What do you think of Andy’s singing --- No one does _________ . A. good B. well C. better D. best (　　)5、---Alex Honnold is planning to climb the mountain, without even using a rope. ---What I’ve never heard of ______ idea before. A. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest (　　)6、My friend likes singing and talking with others. But I often stay at home to watch TV. So my friend is than me. A. seriouser B. more serious C. calmer D. more outgoing (　　)7、Now the air in our town is ________ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it. A. very good B. much better C. rather bad D. even worse (　　)8、_______ you eat butter, cream and chocolate, _______ you will become. A. The more; the thinner B. The less; the fatter C. More; fatter D. The more; the fatter (　　)9、 If there were no exams, we would have ________ at school. A. more happier time B.a more happier time C. much happier time D. a much happier time (　　)10、--- Mum, could you buy me a dress like this --- Certainly, we can buy _______ one than this, but ________ this. A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; not as good as (　　)11、After watching Kung Fu Panda, my problems seemed ________and I felt much better. A. seriouser B. more serious C. most serious D. less serious (　　)12、 —Remember this , children . _____careful you are , ______mistakes you will make . —We know , Mr. Li . A. The more; the more B.The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less 【本知识点小结】 当堂检测 1、Mr Green is one of in our school. A. more popular teacher B. many popular teachers C. the most popular teachers D. the popular teachers 2、The Changjiang River is one of _______ in the world. A.the longest river B. longest rivers C.the longest rivers D.longer rivers 3、-- Why do you like Gold Theater best -- Because it has the _____ seats . A. much comfortable B. most comfortable C. more comfortable D. less comfortable 4、Who has _________ apples, Lily, Jim or Lucy A. many B. the more C. the most D. more 5、 Listening to light music is one of _____ ways to relax yourself when you feel tired. A. the more helpful B. more helpful C. the most helpful D. the helpful 6、The small boy knows a lot about information in science. A. Latest B. the late C. Late D. the latest 7、 Beijing, the capital of China, is one of __________ cities in the world. A. the biggest B. bigger C. much bigger D. big 8、 --What do you think of the film you saw yesterday --Oh! It's one of films I've ever seen. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 9、 — Who is _______, Bill, Tom or John — I think John is ____ than Bill and Tom. A. the most serious; more serious B. the most serious; serious C. serious; more serious D. more serious; more serious 10、—China is over years old. It’s one of _____countries in the world. —Yes. It has much _____history than the USA. A. old; long B. older;longer C. older;the longest D. the oldest;longer 11、 Roast duck is one of _______ dishes in Beijing. A. delicious B. more delicious C. most delicious D. the most delicious 12、I think Beijing is ______ city in China. A. the first large B. the one largest C. the third larger D. the second largest 13、 — What do you think of Beijing, John — It’s great! It is one of _________ cities in the world. A. the biggest B. bigger C. much bigger D. big 14、Professor White has written some shorter stories, but he is known for his plays. A.better B.more C.the best D.the most 15、 Jane is ______among the girls of her family. She learns things very quickly. A smart B as smart as C smarter D the smartest 课后反思： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ [KEYS] 巩固练习：1-5CCBCA 6-10DDDDC 11D 12C 当堂检测：1-5、CCBCC 6-9、DADA 10、答案：D 分析句子得知，空格前被one of 所修饰，后面是in the world，联想到固定短语one of+the+形容词的最高级，意思是…最…之一，结合选项用the oldest最古老的；第二空后文是than the USA，这是两者之间的比较，用比较级longer，可以被far，much，even等修饰，故选D． 11-15、DDADD