情态动词和虚拟语气
高考真题
1.【2025年北京卷】Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ____________ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
2.【2025年北京卷】I love the weekend, because I ____________ not get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
3.【2025年四川卷】You ____________ be careful with the camera. It costs!
4.【2025年全国卷】“The players’ personalities____60____(reveal)during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,”she adds.
5.【2025年天津卷】—Daddy, I dream to have an iPhone 6 plus for my birthday. —Well, honey, you ________ have one, I promise.
A．must B．should C．shall D．might
6.【2024年江苏卷】What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ a good time together.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had
7.【2024年江苏卷】It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
8.【2024年江苏卷】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had
9.【2024年天津卷】The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _______ the task in half the time.
A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished
10.【2024年天津卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 65______ (retire).I can’t find my purse. I _______ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.
A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left
最新试题
1.【2025·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三上月考】—Daddy, I dream to have an iPhone 6 plus for my birthday.
—Well, honey, you ________ have one, I promise.
A．must B．should C．shall D．might
2.【2025·天津市滨海新区大港第一中学高三期中】— No wonder you caught a cold. You ______ out last night without a coat.
— I know how silly I was.
A．shouldn’t have gone B．mustn’t have gone C．couldn’t have gone D．needn’t have gone
3.【2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中】According to the school rules, no student ______ go out of the school after eleven o’clock at night without the teacher’s permission.
A．will B．shall C．must D．should
4.【2025·天津市河北区高三期中】No matter when we were in trouble, he _________ always be the first to offer to help.
A．might B．could C．should D．would
5.【2025·天津市部分区高三上期中】There are many requirements that ________ be met before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee (IOC).
A．need B．can C．must D．will
6.【2025·天津市第一中学高三月考】— Did Jim come
— I don’t know. He _________ while I was out.
A．might have come B．couldn’t have come C．should have come D．needn’t have come
7.【2025·天津市北辰区高三期中】The sign over there reads, “No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area.”
A．will B．shall C．may D．must
8.Jessica isn’t in the classroom; she ________ have gone to the library
A．must B．should C．will D．can
9.— Jack was admitted to a second - class college.
—He ________a top university, but he was addicted to playing video games.
A．could enter B．could have entered C．must enter D．must have entered
10.You ____________ be careful with the camera.It costs!
A．can B．must C．may D．need
11.In a scenario where time was of the essence, a tele - surgery __________ the treatment process. Unfortunately, the medical staff just dismissed the option, citing concerns about connectivity issues.
A．could have facilitated B．could facilitate C．must have facilitated D．may have facilitated
12.If I ____________ (be) you, I would take the job.
13.It is recommended that the project ____________ (not start) until all the preparations have been made.
14.Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ____________ (save).
15.If it ____________ (rain) tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
16.I wish I ____________ (be) as tall as you.
17.The teacher ordered that the students ____________ (leave) the classroom at once.
18.If only I ____________ (listen) to my parents’ advice!
19.It is high time that we ____________ (take) measures to protect the environment.
20.They suggested that the meeting ____________ (hold) the next week.情态动词和虚拟语气
高考真题
1.【2025年北京卷】Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ____________ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
答案：can
解析：此处表示“班里最高的男孩塞缪尔可以很容易地够到书架顶部的书”，应用can表示“能够；可以”。
2.【2025年北京卷】I love the weekend, because I ____________ not get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
答案：need
解析：句意：我喜欢周末，因为在周六周日我不必早起。根据句意可知应用need，表示“不必”。
3.【2025年四川卷】You ____________ be careful with the camera. It costs!
答案：must
解析：考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：你千万要小心这个相机。它价格不菲！从后面“It costs！”可以推知说话者要求“你”对相机“千万要小心”，此处表示必须，因此要用must。
4.【2025年全国卷】“The players’ personalities____60____(reveal)during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,”she adds.
答案：are revealed
解析：考查动词语态。句中主语“personalities”与“reveal”之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
5.【2025年天津卷】—Daddy, I dream to have an iPhone 6 plus for my birthday. —Well, honey, you ________ have one, I promise.
A．must B．should C．shall D．might
答案：C
解析：shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中可以表示“许诺”。此处父亲答应孩子会给他买iPhone 6 plus，应用shall。
6.【2024年江苏卷】What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ a good time together.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had
答案：C
解析：考查虚拟语气。根据上文可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句主语+should（would, could, might）+现在完成时+其他，这里or相当于if条件句的含蓄表达，所以选C。
7.【2024年江苏卷】It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
答案：B
解析：考查虚拟语气。在句型“It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略，这里表示“竟然”，所以选B。
8.【2024年江苏卷】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had
答案：A
解析：考查虚拟语气。wish引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句用一般过去时，所以选A。
9.【2024年天津卷】The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _______ the task in half the time.
A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished
答案：D
解析：考查虚拟语气。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设，句子结构为从句If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句主语+should（would, could, might）+现在完成时+其他，所以选D。
10.【2024年天津卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 65______ (retire).I can’t find my purse. I _______ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.
A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left
答案：D
解析：考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure可知，此推测为不能确定的推测，故用情态动词could，表“可能”，所以选D。
最新试题
1.【2025·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三上月考】—Daddy, I dream to have an iPhone 6 plus for my birthday.
—Well, honey, you ________ have one, I promise.
A．must B．should C．shall D．might
答案：C
解析：shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中可以表示“许诺”。此处父亲答应孩子会给他买iPhone 6 plus，应用shall。
2.【2025·天津市滨海新区大港第一中学高三期中】— No wonder you caught a cold. You ______ out last night without a coat.
— I know how silly I was.
A．shouldn’t have gone B．mustn’t have gone C．couldn’t have gone D．needn’t have gone
答案：A
解析：shouldn’t + have + done表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了，含有指责对方或自责的含意。这里是说昨晚本不该不穿外套出去，结果感冒了。
3.【2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中】According to the school rules, no student ______ go out of the school after eleven o’clock at night without the teacher’s permission.
A．will B．shall C．must D．should
答案：B
解析：shall用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等。此处表示学校规定，学生晚上11点后未经老师允许不得离开学校，应用shall。
4.【2025·天津市河北区高三期中】No matter when we were in trouble, he _________ always be the first to offer to help.
A．might B．could C．should D．would
答案：D
解析：would是will的过去式，表示过去的一种习惯性的、反复发生的动作或意愿。此处表示过去无论何时遇到困难，他总是第一个主动提供帮助，用would符合语境。
5.【2025·天津市部分区高三上期中】There are many requirements that ________ be met before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee (IOC).
A．need B．can C．must D．will
答案：C
解析：结合常识可知，在国际奥委会考虑一项运动之前，有许多要求“必须”满足，must表示“必须”，符合题意。
6.【2025·天津市第一中学高三月考】— Did Jim come
— I don’t know. He _________ while I was out.
A．might have come B．couldn’t have come C．should have come D．needn’t have come
答案：A
解析：might have come表示“可能已经来了”。根据“I don’t know”和“while I was out”可知，说话者不知道Jim是否来过，只知道自己不在的时候他可能来过，用might have come符合语境。
7.【2025·天津市北辰区高三期中】The sign over there reads, “No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area.”
A．will B．shall C．may D．must
答案：B
解析：shall用于第二、三人称，表示意志、允诺、命令、威胁、警告等，在法律、条约、协定等文件中，表示义务、规定等。此处告示牌上的规定，应用shall。
8.Jessica isn’t in the classroom; she ________ have gone to the library
A．must B．should C．will D．can
答案：D
解析：can表示“可能”常用于否定句和疑问句中。此处是疑问句，问杰西卡是否可能去了图书馆，用can符合语境。
9.— Jack was admitted to a second - class college.
—He ________a top university, but he was addicted to playing video games.
A．could enter B．could have entered C．must enter D．must have entered
答案：B
解析：could have done表示“本来能做成的（却没做成）”。根据语境可知，杰克本可以进入顶尖大学，但因为沉迷游戏没做到，用could have entered。
10.You ____________ be careful with the camera.It costs!
A．can B．must C．may D．need
答案：B
解析：must表示“必须”。根据“It costs!”可知，相机很贵，所以必须要小心，用must符合语境。
11.In a scenario where time was of the essence, a tele - surgery __________ the treatment process. Unfortunately, the medical staff just dismissed the option, citing concerns about connectivity issues.
A．could have facilitated B．could facilitate C．must have facilitated D．may have facilitated
答案：A
解析：could have done表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。此处表示在时间紧迫的情况下，远程手术本可以促进治疗过程，但医务人员因连接问题驳回了这个选择，用could have facilitated。
12.If I ____________ (be) you, I would take the job.
答案：were
解析：在if引导的虚拟条件句中，对现在情况的虚拟，be动词要用were。
13.It is recommended that the project ____________ (not start) until all the preparations have been made.
答案：not be started
解析：It is recommended that...句型中，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”，此处project与start是被动关系，所以用not be started。
14.Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ____________ (save).
答案：would have been saved
解析：Had I known about this computer program是省略了if的虚拟条件句，相当于If I had known about this computer program，是对过去情况的虚拟，主句谓语动词用would have done，time and energy与save是被动关系，所以用would have been saved。
15.If it ____________ (rain) tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
答案：rained
解析：if引导的虚拟条件句中，对将来情况的虚拟，从句谓语动词可以用过去式。
16.I wish I ____________ (be) as tall as you.
答案：were
解析：wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，对现在情况的虚拟，be动词用were。
17.The teacher ordered that the students ____________ (leave) the classroom at once.
答案：(should) leave
解析：order后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”。
18.If only I ____________ (listen) to my parents’ advice!
答案：had listened
解析：if only表示“要是……就好了”，引导的句子要用虚拟语气，对过去情况的虚拟，谓语动词用had done。
19.It is high time that we ____________ (take) measures to protect the environment.
答案：took/should take
解析：It is high time that...句型中，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式或should+动词原形。
20.They suggested that the meeting ____________ (hold) the next week.
答案：(should) be held
解析：suggest后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”，meeting与hold是被动关系，所以用(should) be held。
