Communication Workshop
Space: The Final Frontier
阅读写作课: <<太空：最后的领域>>
By Lena (吕娜 )
Methodology in Designing the Course
1. Applying task-based and learner-centered teaching criteria
2. Discovering the classroom community and team spirit
3. Internalizing and externalizing the knowledge
4. Enhancing scientific knowledge and interest in space exploration
5. Inspiring and motivating students
Module 7 Unit 20 Communication Workshop
Space：The Final Frontier
Designer
Lena
Subject
English
School
High School Affiliated to Peking University
Textbook
Senior High English (Module 7) published by BNUP
Lesson Duration
two periods for 80 minutes
Teaching Content
Topic: Space: The Final Frontier
Vocabulary: -- boundary, barrier, primitive, permanent, spin
-- fade away, drop off, rather than, have come a long way
Skills: speaking, reading , listening，writing
Objectives
To help the students to
a) match paragraphs with heading;
b) match with expressions with colloquial expressions;
c) classify and use linking words to express reason and purpose;
d) learn some idiomatic expressions;
e) write an article about space exploration
Learning Styles
Task- based and Learner-centered
( Collaborative learning ( pair work, group work )
( Comprehensive learning ( speaking, , reading ,writing )
Facilities
Multimedia and Blackboard
Course Implementation Process
The first period: Reading
Procedure
Activities
Interaction
Aims
Stage 1—
Lead in
Brainstorming
--Discuss the given pictures
--Ss share their vocabulary and opinions
(Pair Work )
--To arouse the Ss’ interest in the topic of space exploration
--To offer some supporting relevant information
Stage 2—
Before Reading
--Guess 5 possible new words
--Check the answers
(T---S )
--To remove the barrier in basic understanding
Stage 3—
First Reading
(fast reading)
--Read and match
--Match headings of each paragraph
(T—S)
--To train the Ss’ ability in summarizing
Stage 4—
Second Reading
(careful reading)
--Paraphrase sentences
--Replace expressions
-- Write and speak
(Pair Work)
--To promote abilities in varieties of language
Stage 5—
Third Reading
Classify linking words
(reason & purpose)
--judge
--summarize
--fill the blanks
--complete the sentence
-- Write and speak
(Individual &Pair Work)
--To express logically and clearly
--To consolidate the use of the linking words
Stage 6—
Discussion
--Talk about the space exploration according to the text and Ss’ knowledge
--Voice their own opinions
(Group Work; T-S)
--To have a further
understanding of the text
Stage 7—
Vocabulary Study
－Study 4 important words and phrases
-- Explain and translate
(T---S)
-- To enable Ss to use them in their writing
The second period: Writing
Stage 1----
Review
－Recall key events in time order
－Speak and check
( Pair Work)
--To help the students be aware of the order in writing
---Speak and check
(Pair Work)
--To help Ss be aware of the order arrangement in
writing
sStage 2---
Prepare for writing
s
-- Introduce writing stages in terms of narrative
--Introduce writing guide
--Recall the relevant words and expressions in the unit
--Introduce useful sentences
-- Write
-- Write down relevant words
-- Choose useful sentences
-- Write an outline
--Complete the writing
(T—S, Group Work)
-- To enable the Ss to finish the rough draft skillfully
Stage 3—
Homework
--Polish and evaluate the rough draft
--Write
(Ss)
课件56张PPT。
M7U20
Communication Workshop 北大附中高二英语组 吕娜
Hubble Telescope
Objectives
In this lesson, we will be able to
1. practice matching paragraphs with headings;
2. practice matching written expressions with
colloquial expressions;
3. classify and use linking words to express
reason and purpose;
4. learn some idiomatic expressions;
5. write about an interesting subject.Who is she ?
What is the story mainly about? Lead in Discussion (pair work) According to the Chinese myth, Chang’E flew to the moon after taking some medicine which did wonders .嫦娥一号（Chang’E 1），2007年10月24日18时05分成功发射升空。是我国自主研制，发射的第一个月球探测器，整个奔月过程需8－9天，绕月飞行一年，执行完任务后不再返回地球。嫦娥一号于2009年3月1日16时13分10秒成功撞月，为二期登月工程做技术准备，并探测更深层的月壤。 More than a 1,000 years ago, it was merely a legend that Chang’e flew to the moon, the Chinese then never dreamt that such a legend would come true. Today with the advance of science and technology, the Chinese, in her ambitions to become a global space power, have made it to the moon . The film (<<2001：太空漫步>>) , co-produced in 1968 by US and Britain, predicted that in the fictional universe, human developed faster-than-light space travel after surviving 21st-century WWIII . Lead in Discussion (pair work) Upon seeing the pictures, what will come into your mind? 美国铱卫星公司的“铱 33” 卫星和俄罗斯的“宇宙2251” 军用通讯卫星于2009年2月10日在西伯利亚上空约800公里处相撞。截至美国东部时间12日上午的统计显示， 有500个到600个碎片在轨道漂浮。
－《新京报》2009年2月13日周五 A07版 It is the first known collision between 2 satellites that occurred on 10 February, 2009. Even though thousands of satellites have been launched, the low collision rate is caused due to the great vastness of space. However, a defunct Russian communication satellite named Cosmos 2251 smashed into an operational satellites named Iridium 33 over Siberia. Both satellites were destroyed, which increases the risk that other operating satellites might be struck by a harmful fast-moving projectile. The collision occurred in low East orbit only 750 kms up, a height shared by moving satellites but significantly higher than the 350km- high human-occupied International Space Station (ISS). The collision could render future human spaces flights by increasing the risk of smash and decreasing the lifetimes. Let’s move to the text and see how the space has been explored during the last five decades ? Space exploration contributes not only to the improvement of the quality of human life, but also to our understanding of the interdependence of all beings.启发意义：人类文明编年史从国家疆域，地球村落，进入光速世界。Before Reading : Guess the
possible new words in the text.
1. China and Russia re-confirmed the boundary last year.the official line that marks the edge of a town, country, etc.
draw a boundary
boundary line2.Most public facilities and transport are barrier-free in Beijing .a gate of fence preventing people from moving in a particular direction
3. The beauty of the primitive forest is striking.belonging to an early stage of human beings , plants or animals primitive forest4. Jack seems to have
become a permanent
fixture in her life now.continuing, everlasting 6.A children’s toy---the top---spins
around the point when it is twisted.turn around quicklyPre-reading Prediction Just from reading the title Space: The Final Frontier, make a prediction about the main idea of this article and. Write it below.I think this article will be mainly about
___________________________________________ . Next, ask several questions that you would like to have answered by the time you finish this article.
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— . First Reading
(Individual Work)Ex.1 Read the article and match these
headings with the paragraphs (A-F).?Recent Interest
?Early Space Exploration
?Introduction
?Conclusion
?Into Deep Space
?China’s Contribution
C
B
A
F
D
E Ex.2 Find sentences in the text that mean
the same as these colloquial sentences.
Paragraph letters are in brackets. The space age kicked off when they
sent up Sputnik1. (B) The age of space exploration began in 1957, when Sputnik 1 was launched by the Soviet Union.2. The final part of early space exploration
was the moon landing. (B) … ,which ended with the US putting a man on the moon in 1969 Second Reading (Individual Work)3. Space exploration is in again because of
that new telescope. (C) Recently there has been another burst of interest in space as a result of the Hubble Telescope.4. It’s so good that it’s found loads of
new planets. ( C ) The telescope is so precious that over fifty new planets have been located beyond our solar system.5. They ‘re going to send out cameras to
find places like Earth. (D)Further space projects such as Deep Space, will send out cameras in order that they might find Earth-like planets where might be life.Ex.3 Match these words with the idiomatic
expressions from the text in italics. (1-5) all over the world,
a stage on the way,
the possibilities are
endless,
decreased,
shown we’ve been
there
We have left our mark everywhere.
2. All four corners of the globe.
3. The number of manned flights dropped off.
4. It’s a stepping stone.
5. The sky is no longer the limit.Third Reading : Ex.4 Classify the linking words
underlined in the text as a or b. ( Individual Work)reason---explains the cause of an action
b) purpose--- shows the aim of an actionPara A. …our ancestors left Africa (1) to spread out all over the world.
Para C. Recently there has been another burst of interest in space (2) as a result of
the Hubble Telescope.
Para C. It was launched in 1990 (3) so that astronomers could observe space without the Earth’s atmosphere being a barrier.purposereasonpurposePara C. Other exciting developments include two other projects (4) for exploring our solar system…
Para D. The international Space Station is now being built in the Earth’s orbit and soon will be working as a permanent manned scientific base, (5) so as to research life in space and provide a stepping stone (6) in case future manned flights are sent out.
Para D. Further space projects such as Deep Space, will send out cameras (7) in order that they might find Earth-like planets where there might be life.purposepurposereasonpurposePara E. The Success of Shenzhou V was important (8) as it was the first step in China’s manned space programme.
Para E. The next step will be to send astronauts into the Earth’s orbit (9) in order to set up space stations to conduct experiments.
Para E. (10) Due to China’s rapidly developing space programme, this could be sooner rather than later.
reasonpurposereasonpurposein order thatforso thatin order totoso as (not) toreasonas a result ofdue toasin case Summary Quiz
(Pair Work)Linking Practice: Complete the text with the
following words. P74 Ex 1 (Individual Work)in order, so as not to, for, in case, so that, a result, so as to, caused by, because, due to , order that The Apollo 13 mission was launched in April 1970
(1)________to continue the manned exploration of the moon. It had nearly reached the moon when the crew heard a loud explosion. An oxygen tank had exploded
(2) _____to the failure of a thermostat. As (3) ______
of this, another oxygen tank also failed. The crew
were 200,000 miles from Earth in a spaceship which,
(4) ______ of the explosion, had lost most of its power !
The crew moved to another part of the spaceship and
used the booster engines in (5) ___________they might set themselves on course for Earth. The journey backin order duea result becauseorder thatwas terrible. There were a lot of problems (6) ________ the lack of power. The crew members
drank one fifth of their normal water intake (7)
___________ use up valuable water. They had to
move air filters to a different part of the ship (8) ________ avoid a build-up of carbon dioxide. Whey they approached Earth, they got rid of the damaged part of the ship (9) ______ it exploded on entry.
When the crew finally landed, they were greeted as heroes (10) _______ they had shown great courage.
The disaster helped NASA to develop procedures
(11) ___ rescuing space crews and double-checking
Spaceship (12) _______ similar accidents would not happen again.
caused byso as not toso as toin casebecauseforso thatEx.5 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.1. Take an umbrella because it might rain.
Take an umbrella in case ___________.
2. Bring your costume to swim in the river.
Bring your costume so that ___________.
3. It’s foggy so you can’t drive fast.
You can’t drive fast due to _________.
4. If you leave your telephone number, we will
contact you.
Leave your telephone number in order that ____________________ .
it rainsyou can swim in the river.the fogwe might contact you 5. My aunt’s coming so don’t come round.
Don’t come round because of ________.
6. Check if he’s in by giving him a ring.
Ring him up first in order to ____________ .
7. Wear warm clothes as the nights can be
very cold.
Wear warm clothes in case _____________ .
8. You are not permitted to work if you are on
a student visa.
You can’t work because of ____________ .my auntcheck if he’s inthe nights are coldyour student visa Fill In The Form With Detailed Information
The Initial Stage of Space Exploration1957the start of space explorationthe first successful manned flightputting a man on the moonproviding views such as dying stars and black holes, locating over 50 new planetsas a permanent manned scientific baseEarth-like planetsa permanent baseConclusion: We are still in the initial stage of space exploration, but the possibilities are endless. Provided that people remain interested, the sky is no longer the final frontier.
1. Why is the space the final frontier for human beings?
2. What do you know about the space
exploration?
3. What do you think of China’s contribution to the international space exploration?
4. Your prediction about the future space exploration.Discussion
( in group of four ) Words and Expressionsfade ( away): vi. to gradually disappear
e.g. Hopes of an early end to the financial
crisis on the global level are beginning
to fade.
e.g. The applause faded away, leaving the
speaker with a sense of unease.
2. drop off: to fall to a lower level or amount
e.g. The employment rate of the graduates
has dropped off rapidly due to the
world-wide financial chaos.
e.g. Interest in stocks and shares has
dropped off recently as a result of
financial slowdown. 3. rather than: instead of 而不是
e.g. Rather than go straight on to university,
why not get some work experience first?
e.g. The American newly-elected President
Obama decided face rather than avoid
the thorny challenges so as to keep his
early promise.
4. have come a long way: to have made a lot
of progress 有长足进步； 极大发展
e.g. We have come a long way since then,
and one of the greatest stresses in the
world today is loneliness.
e.g. Computer science has come a long
way since the 1970s.
Second Period WritingQuick Response About The Events According To The Text: ( Pair Work)1957
1961
1969
1970
1990
2003the start of space explorationthe first successful manned flightUS putting a man on the moonChina’s successful launch of DFHthe launch of Hubble TelescopeChina’s successful launch of SZ VImportant Elements in Writing introduction background or history the present situation the future conclusion Writing an article for a local magazine about a subject you are interested in, follow the stages.Stage 1. Choose a subject that interests you, e.g.
ballet, computers, the Olympics. Make
a list of places where you can find information.
Example
? website--- www. ballet. com
? magazine--- Dance today
? books---The History of Ballet
? television---Come Dancing
? radio---arts programmes
Stage 2. Find information. Write notes and organizes them into 5 paragraphs. 对资料的占有和选择从技术和时空角度不可行Stage 3. Use your plan to write an article.Stage 4. Check your article. Narration When planning a narrative, the writer should consider these five aspects:1. Context The immediate introduction of the topic will provide the readers a context.2. Selection of details An adequate number of relevant details can give the readers a clear idea about what is happening.3. Organization Events are usually related in chronological order. (One paragraph about significance of the writing or prediction can be added at the ending.)4. Point of View The expression of views should be objective, truthful, which can lead to a natural conclusion.5. Purpose There must be a purpose in a narrative, the writer should ensure that the total effect of the narrative should be in agreement with the purpose. Writing Guide 1. Start with a legend ,a dramatic incident or
a piece of sensational news to attract the
readers’ attention to the timely introduction
of the topic. 2. Use formal style to convey your personal
opinions or preferences in the writing. 3. Avoid repetition to achieve varieties by use
of synonyms, simple sentences and clauses. Word BankVocabulary And Sentences for Reference 1.Writing About Origins:
1. Since early times, … has its roots back in…
2. The age of … began in /( start with)…
3. The history of … goes back to…
4. The first … took place in…
5. Over… years ago,…
6. The desire to do … has been with us since…Writing About The Present:
Recently, there has been renewed / (another burst of) interest in …
Recent developments in the field include…
Other exciting developments have been…
One of the most ground-breaking state of the art technology has been used…
… has been introduced …
… is still in its infancy,
Vocabulary And Sentences For Reference 2Writing About The Future:
1. The outlook is bright / gloomy.
2. The future looks rosy / grim.
3. Who knows what will happen in the future, but…
4. Some forecasts predict …
5. It is predicted that…
6. The field of … has enormous potential.
7. The next step will be to…Writing About Conclusion:
1. Finally, at last, in conclusion, and so, in a word, thus, to sum up, to summarize,
2. It can be concluded that…
3. It is no surprise that…
4. … this could be sooner rather than later.
___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. WritingSpace ExplorationAssignment:
Polish and evaluate your writing.See You !Background Information for Teachers’ Reference Sputnik 1. The Sputnik program was a series of robotic spacecraft missions launched by the Soviet Union. The first of these, Sputnik I, launched the first man-made object to orbit the Earth. The launch took place on October 4,1957 as part of the International Geophysical Year and demonstrated the viability of using artificial satellites to explore the upper atmosphere. Sputnik in Russian means literally “ satellite”, and its R-7 launch vehicle was designed initially to carry nuclear warheads. Yuri Gagarin (1934---1968), Hero of the Soviet Union, was a Soviet cosmonaut. On April 12 1961, he became the first human in space and the first to orbit the Earth. The Hubble Space Telescope is named after the American astronomer Edwin Hubble. Hubble’s position outside the Earth’s atmosphere allows it to take extremely sharp images. Since the launch in 1990, Hubble has become one of the most important instruments in the history of astronomy. Hubble’s Ultra Deep Field image is the most detailed visible-light image of the universe’s most distant objects
ever made.
The International Space Station (ISS) is a joint project among the space agencies of the United States (NASA), Russia (RKA), Japan (JAXA), Canada (CSA) and 11 European countries (ESA). The on-orbit assembly of ISS began in 1998. The ISS was also the destination of the first 5 space tourists. At US$600 billion, the ISS is the most expensive object ever built by humankind.美军战略司令部公共事物官员雷吉娜.温切斯特少校于2009年2月12日接受新华社采访时说，据她所知， 目前各国没有回收太空中报废卫星的能力，但是随着各国发射卫星数量的上升， 太空变得“越来越拥挤”。俄罗斯联邦航天局驻华首席代表亚历山大.罗金表示，美俄两星相撞造成的太空垃圾将增加新的撞击的可能性。欧洲航天局项目负责人弗朗索瓦.克莱瓦强调“比起国际空间站和大多数卫星，哈勃望远镜，因其自身没有驱动设备受到的威胁可能更大一些”用“浩瀚”形容星空,除了描述其大之外,还包含另外一层意思,就是彼此遥远而无法相遇。目前在太空中已有了近6000 个航天器，不少因为失效而成为太空垃圾或分解为碎片。航天工作者一直在小心翼翼规划新的太空探索路线。 随着地球资源的日渐开发，人们自然会意识到外太空是下一个征服的空间。人类对于外太空的开发仍然是各国自行主导，甚至是竞争式的。外太空的确辽阔，但轨道资源毕竟有限，目前仍然缺乏一个行之有效的，为各国所接受的开发规则。对外太空的征服， 既是考查各国的科技发展水平，同时也是考查人类利用自然，与自然和谐相处的能力及背景各国间合作进取的能力。 人类将这种向外太空的进军视为文明进步的标志。但同时也应重视在科学探索进程中人们所要面临的风险和挑战。在全球化下，进行科技分享和秩序重建。有必要制定太空过道“交通规则”。 随着外层空间重要性的不断上升，航天空间已成为当今维护国家安全和发展利益的战略制高点。早在20世纪60年代，美国前总统肯尼迪就明确声称：“ 谁控制了宇宙， 谁就控制了空间，谁就控制了战争的主动权”Several Choices of Topics: Ballet
Peking Opera
3. Internet
4. Computer
5. Paper Cutting
6. Mobile Phones
7. The Olympic Games
8. Research on Solar Energy and Application Sheets for Students
M7U20Communication Workshop
Space: The Final Frontier
The first Period: Reading
Lead-in Discussion
Write down relevant key words:
Before Reading : Word Guessing
boundary
2）barrier
3) primitive
4) permanent
5) spin
Prediction
Just from reading the title , make a prediction about the main idea of the article. Write it Down.
I think this article will be mainly about
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ .
Next, ask several questions that you would like to have answered by the time you finish reading this article. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ .
3. First Reading P26 Ex.1
4. Second Reading P26 Ex.2 / P26 Ex3
5. Third Reading
Task 1. P26 Ex4
Task 2 Summary: Classify the linking words
Purpose:___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Reason:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The linking words which can be followed by modal verbs______________________________________________________
Task 3 Linking Practice P74 Ex4
Task 4 Complete the sentences P27 Ex5
Task 5 Fill in the form with Detailed Information
Event
Time
Country/Significance
Sputnik I
Soviet Union
1962
The beginning of the space race between the US and USSR
the launching of Hubble Telescope
the International Space Station
1969
US
1990
1990
Exploring solar system ,looking for water on the moon
now being built
working as a permanent manned scientific base
Further space projects such as Deep Space
now
To send cameras to find__________________________
to be set up on the moon
manned flights
Some time later
To other plannets
6. After Reading
Task 1 Words and Expressions
fade (away)
drop off
rather than
have come a long way
Discussion
Key Words：
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Second Period: Writing
Quick response to the events in the time order.
1957______________________________________________________
1961______________________________________________________
1969______________________________________________________
1970______________________________________________________
1990______________________________________________________
2003_______________________________________________________
Important Elements in Narrative Writing
_____________________________________________________________________
Word Bank: Collection of the relevant vocabulary in the unit, which may help you with your writing
Words:
Phrases:
Choose the useful vocabulary and sentences for your outline.
Space Exploration
Introduction:________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Write about origins：
Write about the present:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Write about the future :
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Write about the conclusion:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
5. Self –evaluation of the writing. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ .
教学背景分析
教学内容：本课时为北师大版高中教材第7模块第20单元Communication Workshop，分两课时：第一课时为阅读课型，教学内容是让学生阅读一篇关于太空探索的文章并了解半个世纪以来人类在太空探索进程中的进程和贡献；第二课时为写作课，教学内容是按事件发生顺序写一篇记叙文。
教材分析：第一课时涉及的是一篇关于太空探索的文章，分为六个部分：人类已在地球的各个角落留下足迹，现将探索的目光投向太空；人类早期的太空套索活动；近期的太空探索兴趣； 外太空的探索；中国对国际空间站的贡献；人类对太空的探索尚处初级阶段。编者的意图在于对太空探索活动的认知和介绍以标志性事件的发生时间为顺序来展开，对具体探索活动意义有一基本概括，因此本人将教学重点放在学生对课文写作脉络的理解及顺时叙信息的提取上，最后要求学生能依记叙文的一般叙事方法对课文加以复述并注意连接词的运用。
第二课时为写作练习。 要求掌握记叙文的一般性写作方法，及按照时空顺序（本课是按时间正叙），得体适时运用连接词来写一片记叙文。
学生情况：本人所教授的是示范高中的理科班中普通班的学生。总体上，大部分学生对自然学科有很大的兴趣，关心时事，阅读广泛，英语听说读写基础良好，有很强的求知欲和表达欲望。
因此在阅读教学上注重词汇的学习和课文的理解的同时，要求学生对所学的课文进行重点信息提取并复述。在语言点的学习上以语境法学习为主，在多样化练习中加以巩固。
在写作教学中，以读促写，以复述，总结，讨论等方法搜集素材，以课文及老师提供的背景信息为主要依据，根据自己的需要和程度选取词汇和主体句句式，以小组为单位于课堂上列出写作提纲，并于课下完成最后的写作。
教学方式：阅读课应用任务型方式进行教学，通过导入，读前，读中，读后内化及讨论等活动理解掌握课文，并能够根据时事新闻对课文中提供的信息有自己的看法。加深对课文的理解并对未来太空探索提出自己的预测或展望。
写作课通过复述，发现、拓展、归纳总结、操练和应用让学生合作完成作文提纲。老师在整个教学活动中起引导者、组织者和帮助者的作用。
教学手段：任务型教学方法和学生探究式学习方式。学生活动有个人活动和小组活动。
