Lesson 22 Discoveries学案
一、课外知识补充
1.与地球最相近的行星
NASA?on?23rd,July?announced?the?discovery?of?Kepler-452b,?the?most?Earth-like?planet?ever found.?Located?1,400?light-years?from?our?planet,?NASA?called?it earth 2.0, because?because?it’s?thefirst?planet?discovered?in?the?habitable?zone?of?a?G?star?similar?to?our?sun. 7月23日，美国国家航空航天局(简称为NASA)宣布发现开普勒-452b，是迄今为止与地球最为相近的行星。该行星距离地球1400光年，NASA将其命名为“地球2.0”，因为它是第一颗人类在宜居带里与太阳相似的恒星附近发现的行星。
这颗系外行星编号Kepler 452b，其直径约为地球的1.6倍，与恒星之间的距离与日-地距离相近。恒星Kepler 452距离地球大约430秒差距(约合1400光年)，位于天鹅座。天文学家称，这是至今为止发现的最接近地球的“孪生星球”，跟地球的相似指数为0.98，并且有可能拥有大气层和流动水。NASA说这个星球上可能有活火山，有存在生命的可能性，行星应该有60亿年历史，地球为45亿年。
2.宇宙中最遥远星系被发现
An international team of scientists said they have discovered the farthest galaxy ever measured in the universe. By using a powerful instrument called MOSFIRE on the Keck I telescope at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii, the team thought that the galaxy, EGS-zs8-1, formed more than 13 billion years ago at a time when the universe was only five percent of its present age.
科学家使用位于夏威夷的凯克天文台的望远镜发现了新星系，并将这个星系命名为EGS-zs8-1。它是迄今发现的最遥远星系，打破了此前的观测纪录。
3. 世界上的著名发现
Nicolaus Copernicus 哥白尼 （1473－1543 Poland）heliocentric theory日心说
Galileo 伽利略（1564－1642 Italy）Principle of inertia 惯性原理
Newton牛顿（1643—1727 Britain）law of gravitation万有引力定律
Michael Faraday 迈克尔·法拉第（1791～1867 Britain）Electromagnetic induction 电磁感应
William Harvery 威廉·哈维 （1578-1657 Britain） Blood circulation血液循环
Robert Koch罗伯特·科赫 （1843----1910 Germany）Pathogenic bacteria 病原细菌
Tu Youyou屠呦呦 (1930---) has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize(2015), for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria (['?nti?m?l'e?ri?] 抗疟疾的 ) medicine--青蒿素和双氢青蒿素
Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen威廉·康拉德.伦琴（1845---1923 Germany）X-rays X射线
二、Read and fill in
What effect do these discoveries have?
discoveries
effect
antibiotics
DNA
X-rays
三、Answer the questions according to the text.
1. What can cure a lot of diseases easily?
_________________________________________________
2. What passed on certain characteristics from parents to children?
_________________________________________________
3. What can scientists know from the map of our DNA?
_________________________________________________
4. Who was the first to study and name X-ray?
_________________________________________________
5. What prize did the discoverer of X-ray award?
_________________________________________________
四、Homework:
If you live in school or travel around for more than 10 days, what will you take in your medicine bag（急救包）? Discuss with your partner, and write down on the worksheet.
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英语教学设计
教学基本信息
课题
Unit8 Famous Discoveries
姓名
学校
课型
阅读课&语法课
年级
初三
教材分析
教学内容分析：
本单元是北师大版九年级第八单元，话题是Discoveries，涉及到著名的发现，年度发现、一份实验报告。在承接Get Ready 部分有关“发现”话题的基础上，阅读方面包括三项重要发现Lesson 22: Famous discoveries (antibiotics, DNA, X-rays)；Lesson 24 An experiment report种植马铃署的步骤和经过。听力方面是听一段演讲，熟悉正式演讲构成的要素, Lesson 23 Discovery of the year；写作是写一篇关于自己的发现或经历的报告 Communication Workshop: Learning from discoveries。语法是条件状语从句（conditionals）
Lesson 22是一节阅读课，涉及的话题是Famous discovery。第一发现是抗生素，它在现实生活中作用比较大，但要注意适当使用。第二发现是DNA，文本中介绍了它的架构，同时通过这个我们可以获知孩子从父母那遗传了哪些基因，同时也能在医学界可以帮助治疗很多疾病。第三个发现是X光射线，介绍了它的发明人及它的作用，在生活中人们把它用到了各行各业中。通过文本学习，使学生了解这些方面的知识，在生活中能够解决一些小问题。
设计思路：
由科技发现小介绍引出本单元话题Discoveries. 以对话形式讨论Getting ready中的图片并处理key words。
Lesson 22 Famous discoveries 以介绍屠呦呦为切入点导入本课文本内容：医学发现（学案上提供一些名人及他们的发现帮学生拓宽视野）
以猜谜的形式引出本课并以skim的阅读形式呈现三个医学发现名称，以熟悉、挖掘文本来完成不同任务获取发名人（有补充）、时间及三个发现各自在生活中的用途。
以深挖文本内容完成活动4作为读后活动1，活动9为读后活动2
教学目标
在本课学习结束时，学生能够：
1. 通过阅读文本，获取有关three discoveries的名称、发明人及用途等基本信息。
2. 通过阅读文本，表达出这些发现在现实生活中的所起的作用，了解一些简单的医学常识。
3. 通过对文本的理解与参与活动1，感知条件状语从句的意义
4. 通过本节课的学习，使学生了解到需要长久不懈的努力和坚持，才能有所发现，有所成就。
教学重、难点
第一课时：
教学重点：1.通过阅读文本，获取有关three discoveries的名称、发明人及用途等基本信息。
2. 运用文本信息完成读后两个活动。
教学难点：运用所学内容，就这些著名发现来谈论它们在现实生活中的所起的作用，了解一些简单的医学常识。
教学过程：
教学环节
教学活动
设计意图
时间
Warm-up
Step1
T gives students two pictures and two discoveries about space and show the topic “discoveries” of this unit.(The information is on students’ worksheet.)
出示两个有关太空方面的图片及信息，引出本单元话题“发现”
3’
Getting ready
Step 2
1. T: Look at the pictures on P89 and try to answer:
1). What are people doing in the pictures?
2).What do you think they are trying to discover?
Students discuss them and talk about them with the model.
Example: I think the person in Photo A is observing the stars. Maybe he is trying to discover a new star.
2. Students listen and read after the tape.
chemistry, do experiments, electricity, health, lab, machine, observe, physics, research, space, technology
3. Finish Ex2 (this step can be finished quickly, it can also be done with Activity 9). Extra information is shown on the worksheet.
1.Do you know any other scientific discoveries?
2.Can you name some famous ones?
3. Among these discoveries, which do you think are the most important ones?
谈论Getting ready 中的图片，完成活动1。
处理Key words
迅速处理活动2，也可与活动场所9整合。（学案上给出拓展内容供学生参考）
5’
Pre-reading
Step 3
T shows a picture of To Youyou and have a brief introduction and lead in Lesson 22
T: Let’s look at three sentences and guess what they are?
1. It’s a discovery in physics（身体）. It can go right through some things like skin(皮肤） and wood but stop by bones or metal.
2. Many children died very young because of different diseases. Now it can be cured(治愈) easily with it.
3. It’s the building block of life and we know a great deal about what we get from our parents from it.
Maybe students’ answers are vary, so this time show them three pictures and let them match.
图片（图哟哟）导入,
课前背景知识激活
猜测之后，让学生把图片与句子匹配
5’
While- reading
Step4
1st reading
Skim the text and find out the names of three pictures and make sure whether your match is right or not.
T explains the word “antibiotic” with picture.
浏览文章，找出三个发现的名称并验证匹配正确与否
图片解释生词antibiotic
3’
2nd reading
Read and finish Ex3: fill in the table
Event
Year
The structure of DNA was discovered.
Wilhelm Roentgen received the Nobel Prize.
Scientists discovered DNA.
T explains “DNA structure and Wilhelm Roentgen” while checking the answers.
第二遍读，完成表格
词汇解析
5’
3rd reading
Read and find out the answers and fill in
What effect do these discoveries have?
discoveries
effect
antibiotic
DNA
X-ray
After that, help student make the outline of the text.
第三遍阅读
通过阅读找出三项发现的用途
帮助学生梳理文章脉络
5’
Post -reading
Step 5
1. Listen and read
2. Try to answer the fowling questions according to the text
1. What can cure a lot of diseases easily?
What passed on certain characteristics from parents to children?
3. What can scientists know from the map of our DNA?
4. Who was the first to study and name X-ray?
5. What prize did the discoverer of X-ray award?
听录音，朗读课文
根据文本内容，回答问题，帮助学生继续内化文本内容。
8’
Step 6
Activities
1. If you are a doctor, please treat! – Pair work
1)If Mary’s hand is cut by a knife for 3days, what will she do?
2) If your leg gets hurt in P.E, what should you do?
3) If you have a headache, what can you do?
4) “Doctor, can you explain what antibiotic is for me?” asks one patient.
5)…….
2. Which discovery do you think is the most important according to the text?—Group work
活动
运用所学内容，解决有可能发生在生活中的问题，体现知识迁移
Pair work: 你是大医生
Group work: 自由理论
10’
Homework 1’
1. Match the people with the descriptions on P99
2. If you live in school or travel around for more than 10 days, what will you take in your medicine bag（急救包）? Discuss with your partner, and write down on the worksheet.
课件32张PPT。Unit 8Getting ready & ReadingLesson 22 王东梅
顺义八中Lead-inHave you seen this picture? What’s this?NASA?on?23rd, July?announced?the?discovery?
of?Kepler-452b,?the?most?Earth-like?planet?
ever found.?Located?1,400?light-years?from?
our?planet,?NASA?called?it “Earth?2.0”,?
because?it’s?the first?planet?discovered?in?the?
habitable?zone?of?a?G?star?similar?to?our?sun.7月23日，美国国家航空航天局(简称为NASA)宣布发现开普勒-452b，是迄今为止与地球最为相近的行星。该行星距离地球1400光年，NASA将其命名为“地球2.0”，因为它是第一颗人类在宜居带里与太阳相似的恒星附近发现的行星。 1.与太阳相似的恒星被发现 这颗系外行星编号Kepler 452b，其直径约为地球的1.6倍，与恒星之间的距离与日-地距离相近。恒星Kepler 452距离地球大约430秒差距(约合1400光年)，位于天鹅座。
天文学家称，这是至今为止发现的最接近地球的“孪生星球”，跟地球的相似指数为0.98，并且有可能拥有大气层和流动水。
NASA说这个星球上可能有活火山，有存在生命的可能性，行星应该有60亿年历史，地球为45亿年。An international team of scientists said they have discovered the farthest galaxy ever measured in the universe.
By using a powerful instrument called MOSFIRE on the Keck I telescope at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii, the team thought that the galaxy, EGS-zs8-1, formed more than 13 billion years ago at a time when the universe was only five percent of its present age.科学家使用位于夏威夷的凯克天文台的望远镜发现了新星系，并将这个星系命名为EGS-zs8-1。它是迄今发现的最遥远星系，打破了此前的观测纪录。
2.宇宙中最遥远星系被发现What are the people doing in the pictures?
What do you think they are trying to discover?DiscussionWhat are the people doing in the following pictures?
What do you think they are trying to discover?DiscussionExample:
I think the person in Photo A is observing the stars. Maybe he is trying to discover a new star. Key Words: Discoveries
chemistry, do experiments, electricity, health, lab, machine, observe, physics, research, space, technologyListen and practice.1.Do you know any other scientific discoveries?
2.Can you name some famous ones?
3. Among these discoveries, which do you think are the most important ones?Free TalkLook at your worksheet after class.
PPT(26—32)Do you know any of them? What’s their major achievements?Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize(2015), for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria (['?nti?m?l'e?ri?] 抗疟疾的 ) medicine.屠呦呦 (1930--)药学家
抗疟疾:青蒿素和双氢青蒿素and match2. Many children died very young because of different diseases. Now it can be cured(治愈) easily with it.Look ! Guess1. It’s a discovery in physics（身体）. It can go right through some things like skin(皮肤） and wood but stop by bones or metal.3. It’s the building block of life and we know a great deal about what we get from our parents from it.1st reading:
Read and find the name of the picture A,B and C and make sure whether your match is right or not.The first antibiotic: Penicillin 青霉素，盘尼西林
It can wipe out the infection消除感染Alexander Fleming亚历山大·弗莱明19533 When did these things happen? Write the correct years.190118692nd readingDNA structure
double coiled spiral structure (双线圈螺旋结构）Crick Watson
克里克 沃森Wilhelm Roentgen X-ray1845---1923Germany威廉·伦琴What effect do these discoveries have?A lot of diseases can be cured easily with it. pass on certain characteristics,
be able to treat more disease.Doctors treat broken bones easily with X-rays machines. 3rd readingDNA
(Crick & Watson)X-rays
(Wilhelm Roentgen)1. the building block of life
2. pass on certain characteristics
3. be able to treat more diseaseDoctors treat broken bones easily with X-rays machines. The text is about… A lot of diseases can be cured easily with it.Can you answer these questions?Finish them on the worksheet.1. What can cure a lot of diseases easily?
What passed on certain characteristics from
parents to children?
3. What can scientists know from the map of our DNA?
4. Who was the first to study and name X-ray?
5. What prize did the discoverer of X-ray award?Answer the following questionsAntibiotics, X-rays.
(DNA, maybe in the future.)1. What can cure a lot of diseases easily?2. What passed on certain characteristics from parents to children?
3. What can scientists know from the map
of our DNA?DNA.It tells them a great deal about what get
from our parents.4. Who was the first to study and name X-ray?
5. What prize did the discoverer of X-ray award?Wilhelm Roentgen.The first-ever Nobel Prize in Physics.If Mary’s hand is cut by a knife for 3days, what will she do?
If your leg gets hurt in P.E, what should you do?
If you have a headache, what can you do?
“Doctor, can you explain what antibiotic is for me?” asks one patient.
…….Activity 1: If you’re a doctor, Please treat! (Pair Work)ProblemsWhich discovery do you think is the most important according to the text?Group Work Example:
A: I think X-rays are the most important discovery.
B: Why?
A: Because with X-rays, doctors can help fix broken
bones more easily.
…..Activity 2: HomeworkFinish Ex 1 on P99.
If you live in school or travel around for more
than 10 days, what will you take in your
medicine bag（急救包）? Discuss with your
partner, and write down on the worksheet.
Name: Nicolaus Copernicus
哥白尼
Achievement: heliocentric theory
日心说 1473－1543
PolandName: Galileo 伽利略
Achievement:
Principle of inertia
惯性原理 1564－1642
ItalyNewton
牛顿
law of gravitation
万有引力定律1643—1727
BritainMichael Faraday
迈克尔·法拉第
Electromagnetic induction
电磁感应1791～1867
BritainWilliam Harvery
威廉·哈维
Blood circulation
血液循环1578-1657
BritainRobert Koch 罗伯特·科赫
Pathogenic bacteria (病原细菌)1843----1910
GermanyWilhelm Konrad Rontgen
威廉·康拉德.伦琴
X-rays
(X射线)1845---1923Germany
