2026届高考英语二轮复习：主谓一致详解 课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
高考一轮复习（英语)
语法之主谓一致
（Subject-Verb-Agreement)
1．语法一致原则：
(1)动名词短语(doing sth.)、动词不定式短语(to do)、单个从句或不定代词(some-, any-, every-, no-)作主语时，谓语动词常用单数
主谓一致
定义: 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。主谓一致一般遵循三个原则：
语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。
主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
Listening to music _________ (make) me relaxed after a busy day.
Everything ____ (be) in a complete mass, which drives people crazy.
※what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。
主谓一致
makes
is
What he said ___ (be) far from the truth.
What the school needs ____ (be) qualified teachers.
are
is
(2)主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。(就远原则)
The teacher as well as his students ______ (be) very excited.
(3)and, both ... and ...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。
主谓一致
are
主谓一致
Her teacher and her friends ____(be) in the sitting room.
The poet and writer ________________ (produce) many works in recent years.
(4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的形式要与先行词保持一致。
I will always treasure the moments that _____ (be) full of pleasure.
are
has produced
were
(5) “many a或more than one＋可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
Many a parent _____(have) to go through this same painful process.
Every boy and every girl _______ (wish) to attend the party held on Sunday.
主谓一致
wishes
has
2. 意义一致原则
意义一致原则是指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。
(1)集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成集体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。
主谓一致
The class ______ (consist) of 25 boys and 20 girls.
The class ____ (be) doing experiment.
(2)“分数/百分数/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义
主谓一致
are
consists
About one third of the books _______ (be) worth reading.
Only 60 percent of the work ________ (do) yesterday.
All of this is wonderful, but the best part of this film ____ (be) the acting.
主谓一致
is
was done
are
(3)“the＋形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The old ______ (be) taken good care of here.
(4)a quantity of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；quantities of后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数形式。
主谓一致
are
A quantity of time _______________ (waste) on the project so far.
＝Quantities of time ______________ (waste) on the project so far.
(5)“a number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of students _________ (go) for an outing since 9:00 am.
The number of the students ____ (be) increasing year after year.
主谓一致
have been wasted
has been wasted
have gone
is
主谓一致
(6)表示时间、距离、重量、金额等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Three thousand dollars ____ (be) quite a lot of money for a boy.
is
主谓一致
3. 就近一致原则
就近一致原则是指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。
(1)由or, either ...or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ..., not ... but ...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致
Either you or one of your students ____ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
is
主谓一致
(2)由there, here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。
There ____ (be) three books and a pen on the desk.
There _____ (be) a pen and three books on the desk.
are
is
1. (2025年新课标1卷) “A decent winner always 61. ___ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：一位体面的获胜者总是尽力以不超过一两分的优势击败对手，作为对对手的尊重。 分析句子可知，try作谓语，主语是a decent winner(单数), 结合全文可知是一般现在时，故填tries.
真题再现
tries
2. (2025年新课标2卷) And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 41. ___ (be) one of them.
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：在这个过程中，有时候我经历的很多让我惊讶的事情。刚被太阳晒过的衣服散发的阳光的味道便是其中之一。 分析句子可知，be作谓语，主语是sunshine scent(单数), of freshly sunned clothes作后置定语，故填is.
真题再现
is
3. (2024年新课标1卷) Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60. ______ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road...
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：进一步说，环绕温室的丝绸之路花园引领游客踏上一段古老丝绸之路影响的旅程。 分析句子可知，walk作谓语，译为“引领，指引”, 主语是the Silk Route Garden(单数), 结合全文可知是一般现在时，故填walks.
真题再现
walks
4. (2024年新课标2卷) Although they could never have met, there are common 57. ______ (theme ) in their works...
解析: 考查主谓一致和名词复数。句意：尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中有很多共同的主题。 分析句子可知，“there be +名词”的结构中，名词作主语，be动词是谓语，故填themes.
真题再现
themes
5. (2024年新课标2卷) “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 58. _____ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns....
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。 分析句子可知，be动词作谓语，主语是some of the things，that Tang was writing about(定语从句)作some of the things的定语，又因从句中的谓语是was, 表示一般过去时，故填were.
真题再现
were
6. (2024年全国甲卷) “They 44.______(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：他们是15人探险队的成员，在此之前他们已经花了五周的时间目睹了那里的自然美景。 分析句子可知，be动词作谓语，主语是they，结合全文可知是一般过去时，故填were.
真题再现
were
7. (2023年全国乙卷) The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 65. ___ (mean) there is always something new to discover here...
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：这座城市的显著发展以及它被有意设计来保护过去同时走进现代世界，意味着总有一些新事物被发现。 分析句子可知，mean作主句谓语，主语是the remarkable developemt，which is...modern world(非限制性定语从句)作this city的定语，又因从句中的谓语是is, 表示一般现在时，故填means.
真题再现
means
8. (2023年浙江一月卷) The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60. _______ (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars( 柱子).
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：高官和富商们的四合院通常以精美雕画的房梁和柱子为特色。 分析句子可知，feature作谓语，主语是the large siheyuan，of these...businessmen作siheyuan后置定语，结合全文可知一般现在时，故填features.
真题再现
features
9. (2022 新高考 1 卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58. ____ (be) previously unprotected...
真题再现
were
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：这个计划会把保护范围延伸到很大区域，这些地区在之前是没有被保护的。 分析句子可知，be动词作定语从句谓语，主语是关系代词that，因定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的形式要与先行词(a significant number of areas）保持一致，且时间状语previously(之前)表一般过去时，故填were.
10. (2020新课标全国2卷) This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2. ______ (carry) special significance.
解析: 考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植被，水果和花朵做装饰会带有特殊意义。 分析句子可知，carry作表语从句的谓语，主语是decorating with...（动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数)，又因主句中的谓语是is, 表示一般现在时，故填carries.
真题再现
carries
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