(共31张PPT)
Continuation writing (11)
捕捉伏笔,续写照应(有伏必应)
(与妈妈共度美食节)
Detective Game:
Where is Mr. Dinosaur
Writer Anton Chekhov(契科夫) famously said,
“If in the first act(第一幕) you have hung a pistol(手枪) on the wall, then in the following one it should be fired.”
______________________________— Foreshadowing
It is fired.— ______________
A pistol on the wall
Echoing
理论依据:
契科夫之枪
foreshadowing伏笔是文学创作中描写、叙述的一种手法,指作者对将要在作品中出现的人物或事件,预作提示或暗示,以求前后呼应。这种手法有助于全文达到结构严谨、情节发展合理的效果,其最显著的特征是有伏必应。
echo照应是文学创作中描写、叙述的一种手法,指作品下文与上文相呼应,即“回应上文”。好的伏笔与照应能起到暗示、点题、沟通文章内部联系等作用,使文理通顺,合情合理,往往能让人产生心灵共鸣或意外的阅读惊喜。
What is “echo the foreshadowing”
寻找伏笔,为照应打下基础
(1)留意人物的语言、动作、神态、外貌和心理等细节描写。
(2)留意文中反复出现或重点描写的特定物品。
(3)留意文中对续写部分有推动或暗示作用的环境描写。
(4) 关注文章的主题。
(5) 关注人物的情感的变化。
识别伏笔
通常指在故事中关键时刻出现的人物,他们的行为或出现对故事情节产生重要影响。
不仅在情节上起到关键作用,比如帮助主人公解决难题、推动故事发展等,还在情感上与读者产生共鸣,使故事更具感染力。
1. 人物伏笔(贵人)
特征:“四有新人”
有名字
有身份
有特写
有发言
In July 2019, to celebrate his 45th birthday, Colin Dowler took a week off from his job as a maintenance manager for the Vancouver Island Health Authority. He planned to spend two days on his own, finding a route to climb Mount Doggie Dowler. His wife Jenifer didn't like her husband's latest plan. She was used to Dowler's going on adventures by himself, but this time he'd go boating on an unknown bay, go cycling on an unpopu-lated road, hike through grizzly bear country, and camp overnights alone. There was too much room for disaster.
The night before his journey Colin packed the necessities. He filled the remaining pockets of his bag with a handheld GPS, hiking poles, his homemade sausage, and a few other essentials. Instead of his usual Swiss Army knife, he took a three-inch stainless steel pocketknife given to him by his dad.
The weather that Sunday, July 28 was nice. Colin pulled his car into the Campbell River port and quickly launched and set off in his motorboat with a mountain bike on board. About eight o' clock in the morning, he arrived at Ramsay Arm, and found a spot to tie the boat near a logging(伐木) camp where he chatted with some logging workers.
One of the workers, Vito, gave him a ride in his truck until the forest got too thick. Colin took off his bike and backpack from the truck and started his hiking and route searching. In order not to lose the way back, he marked his trail with blue ribbons(布条).
As he made his seven-kilometer marker, he came around a bend and suddenly put on the brakes - a dirty grizzly bear stood right in the middle of the narrow road, 30 meters away. Colin calculated his chances of turning around for a quick escape, but the bear could easily catch up and stop him before he picked up speed.
The bear suddenly stood up in a threatening way.
After what seemed like hours, Colin came to himself.
1. 人物伏笔(贵人)
在故事中通常是一种象征或工具,具有特别的功能或意义,它们的存在推动了情节的发展或解决了关键问题。
其设计往往与故事的主题和核心冲突紧密相关,是故事中不可或缺的元素,能够为故事的发展提供关键线索或转折点。
2. 物品伏笔 (神器)
In July 2019, to celebrate his 45th birthday, Colin Dowler took a week off from his job as a maintenance manager for the Vancouver Island Health Authority. He planned to spend two days on his own, finding a route to climb Mount Doggie Dowler. His wife Jenifer didn't like her husband's latest plan. She was used to Dowler's going on adventures by himself, but this time he'd go boating on an unknown bay, go cycling on an unpopu-lated road, hike through grizzly bear country, and camp overnights alone. There was too much room for disaster.
The night before his journey Colin packed the necessities. He filled the remaining pockets of his bag with a handheld GPS, hiking poles, his homemade sausage, and a few other essentials. Instead of his usual Swiss Army knife, he took a three-inch stainless steel pocketknife given to him by his dad.
The weather that Sunday, July 28 was nice. Colin pulled his car into the Campbell River port and quickly launched and set off in his motorboat with a mountain bike on board. About eight o' clock in the morning, he arrived at Ramsay Arm, and found a spot to tie the boat near a logging(伐木) camp where he chatted with some logging workers.
One of the workers, Vito, gave him a ride in his truck until the forest got too thick. Colin took off his bike and backpack from the truck and started his hiking and route searching. In order not to lose the way back, he marked his trail with blue ribbons(布条).
As he made his seven-kilometer marker, he came around a bend and suddenly put on the brakes - a dirty grizzly bear stood right in the middle of the narrow road, 30 meters away. Colin calculated his chances of turning around for a quick escape, but the bear could easily catch up and stop him before he picked up speed.
The bear suddenly stood up in a threatening way.
After what seemed like hours, Colin came to himself.
2.物品伏笔(神器)
通常指在故事中的环境描写,能烘托气氛和人物心情,并暗示或推进故事情节发展。
3. 环境伏笔
The red sweater lay at my feet like a broken promise. Its woolen threads spread out like unanswered questions. “I won't wear this!” I shouted, pushing away the handmade gift. Mom's hands shook as she held her teacup tightly, the steam rising up to mist her glasses- the same round frames she'd worn in my baby photos. The snowstorm had cut off the electricity, turning our kitchen into a cave of trembling shadows where candlelight danced across her wrinkled apron.
“It took me weeks. ..”Her voice faded into the wind's mournful song. A log cracked in the fireplace, sending up a shower of sparks that died before reaching the ceiling.
I ran upstairs, ignoring the heavy drag of her slippers against the floorboards that groaned like the ache in her knees.
In my room, posters of glittering pop stars, smiling in an unpleasant way , stared down at me from walls. I yanked open(猛地拽开)the bottom drawer to grab my sparkly shiny dress, its plastic tags still clinging stubbornly to the collar, but froze. Beneath the shiny fabric lay Mom's old nursing notes from 2009, their edges worn thin from late-night studying.A shopping list fluttered out:“Milk powder:$50. School uniform: $70... December rent: PAID” with the last word underlined three times in blue ink.
Outside, the storm rattled the window, shaking snowflakes loose. A sudden gust rattled the windowpanes, sending a photo slipping to the floor: young Mom smiled in a nurse uniform, medical textbooks piled beside knitting needles(编织针)and a baby blanket half- done in her lap.
My hands trembled(颤抖)as I read her faded study schedule.
I hugged the sweater to my chest and put it on quietly.
3. 环境伏笔
红毛衣之爱
指在原文中通过人物的动作、心理描写、环境描写等方式,对人物的情感或情绪状态进行的暗示。
它能为续写提供感情基调,推动情节的发展,增强故事的连贯性。
4. 情感伏笔
识别情感伏笔的方法:
1. 关注人物言行
2. 分析心理描写
3. 留意环境烘托
4. 结合情节的发展
The red sweater lay at my feet like a broken promise. Its woolen threads spread out like unanswered questions. “I won't wear this!” I shouted, pushing away the handmade gift. Mom's hands shook as she held her teacup tightly, the steam rising up to mist her glasses- the same round frames she'd worn in my baby photos. The snowstorm had cut off the electricity, turning our kitchen into a cave of trembling shadows where candlelight danced across her wrinkled apron.
“It took me weeks. ..”Her voice faded into the wind's mournful song. A log cracked in the fireplace, sending up a shower of sparks that died before reaching the ceiling.
I ran upstairs, ignoring the heavy drag of her slippers against the floorboards that groaned like the ache in her knees.
In my room, posters of glittering pop stars, smiling in an unpleasant way , stared down at me from walls. I yanked open(猛地拽开)the bottom drawer to grab my sparkly shiny dress, its plastic tags still clinging stubbornly to the collar, but froze. Beneath the shiny fabric lay Mom's old nursing notes from 2009, their edges worn thin from late-night studying.A shopping list fluttered out:“Milk powder:$50. School uniform: $70... December rent: PAID” with the last word underlined three times in blue ink.
Outside, the storm rattled the window, shaking snowflakes loose. A sudden gust rattled the windowpanes, sending a photo slipping to the floor: young Mom smiled in a nurse uniform, medical textbooks piled beside knitting needles(编织针)and a baby blanket half- done in her lap.
My hands trembled(颤抖)as I read her faded study schedule.
I hugged the sweater to my chest and put it on quietly.
4. 情感伏笔
红毛衣之爱
是作者在文章中为突出主题而设置的线索,可能是标题、结尾升华句,或是文中散落的哲理句等,也可能是隐性的主题暗示。
它为续写提供明确的方向,确保续写内容紧扣主题,使故事逻辑更连贯,情节发展更自然合理。
5. 主题伏笔
Over the summer I moved from Texas to Missouri. This was my second year of high school, but my first year of school in Missouri. I was really nervous about starting a new school and having people like me. I decided that I would be much happier in a new school if I made friends that were so-called “popular”. Getting in with the right group of people would make my life a whole lot better. I bought a new outfit so the first day would be perfect.
On the first day of school, scared, yet eager to begin my new life, I walked up the stairs. My first class was geometry, but where was that I was standing in the hall looking confused, when a short, blond girl wearing glasses came up and asked, “Are you new You look lost. Do you want me to help you find your class My name is Diane. What’s yours ” Even though she seemed a bit strange, definitely not the kind of person I wanted to be associated with, I decided to answer her anyway. I was, after all, lost.
After exchanging names, I followed her up the stairs and down a hallway on the right. When we reached my room she said, “Well, here you are. It was nice meeting you. I hope I see you again and your day goes all right.”
I said a quick thank-you and waved good-bye. Once inside the classroom, I saw one big group of people huddled around someone who seemed to be telling some sort of story. I walked over and got close enough to overhear. All eyes were glued to the guy in the middle of the circle. I decided that this guy was popular. A few minutes later the teacher told everyone to go find a seat and get ready for the class. I managed to get one right next to the guy. I said, “Hi, my name is April and I’m new here.” He said coldly, “Hi, I’m Johnny.” That class dragged on and on. Finally, the bell rang. I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me find it ” He looked at me and then said a quick no, turned back to his friends, and walked out of the classroom.
Paragraph 1: As they were walking out, I heard they were all laughing at me. _____________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Before I was ready to go home, I heard a familiar voice calling my name. _____________________________________________________________________________________________
5.主题伏笔
友谊的真谛
伏笔
人物伏笔(贵人)
环境伏笔
物品伏笔(神器)
主题伏笔
情感伏笔
Ever since my dad passed away, my life changed. My Mom was always busy with work, leaving little time for me. Every day after school, I had to go to daycare until she finished her work. Even Sundays were no exception.
One day, at dinner time, I asked Mom, “Can we please go to the food festival this Sunday ” I begged.
“I’m sorry, Lilly. I have to work,” she replied.
“But we never spend time together anymore Can’t you take the day off ” I begged.
Mom placed a plate of freshly baked cherry pie in front of me and kissed my head.
“We’ll see,” she said with a slight smile.
On Sunday morning, I heard the rhythmic chop (切) of fruit and the sound of blender (搅拌机) as if Mom was making something special in the kitchen. When I rushed to the kitchen, I was surprised to see Mom, in her work clothes, busy preparing some food. My heart sank. “You’re going to work again ” I asked tentatively (试探性地). Mom bent down next to me and put her hand on my shoulder, “Sorry, Lilly I have to go today.”
Tears streamed down my face as I yelled, “You never have time for me anymore.” Overwhelmed with disappointment, I ran to my room and slammed the door. As I was crying on my bed I could hear Mom talk on the phone, “Hi, Betty. I have work today and Lily is in a bad mood. I was wondering if you could come over and watch her for a few hours … Great… Thanks so much. See you soon.”
A few hours later, my aunt Betty came over and Mom left. I heard Betty knock on my bedroom door. “Lilly, your Mom left a note for you on the kitchen table.”
Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen.
Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised.
Ever since my dad passed away, my life changed. My Mom was always busy with work, leaving little time for me. Every day after school, I had to go to daycare until she finished her work. Even Sundays were no exception.
One day, at dinner time, I asked Mom, “Can we please go to the food festival this Sunday ” I begged.
“I’m sorry, Lilly. I have to work,” she replied.
“But we never spend time together anymore Can’t you take the day off ” I begged.
Mom placed a plate of freshly baked cherry pie in front of me and kissed my head.
“We’ll see,” she said with a slight smile.
On Sunday morning, I heard the rhythmic chop (切) of fruit and the sound of blender (搅拌机) as if Mom was making something special in the kitchen. When I rushed to the kitchen, I was surprised to see Mom, in her work clothes, busy preparing some food. My heart sank. “You’re going to work again ” I asked tentatively (试探性地). Mom bent down next to me and put her hand on my shoulder, “Sorry, Lilly I have to go today.”
Tears streamed down my face as I yelled, “You never have time for me anymore.” Overwhelmed with disappointment, I ran to my room and slammed the door. As I was crying on my bed I could hear Mom talk on the phone, “Hi, Betty. I have work today and Lily is in a bad mood. I was wondering if you could come over and watch her for a few hours … Great… Thanks so much. See you soon.”
A few hours later, my aunt Betty came over and Mom left. I heard Betty knock on my bedroom door. “Lilly, your Mom left a note for you on the kitchen table.”
Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen.
Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised.
找伏笔
人物伏笔(贵人)
物品伏笔(神器)
主题伏笔
情感伏笔
Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen.
Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised.
note 的内容 (所做,所看等)
Aunt Betty 的活动(所做,所说)
我的反应(所想,所做)
等妈妈下班回家(所做,所想)
呼应神器
早餐和便条和 mini food festival
人物呼应
帮我解开与妈妈的误会
情感呼应
从伤心、误解转变为理解和体谅
人物呼应
和Aunt Betty的活动, Betty是否离开
准备mini food festival,制造氛围
Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen. There, on the table lay a note beside my favourite cherry pie. The note read: “Dear Lily, I’m sorry I can’t be with you today. But tonight, we’ll have our own mini food festival at home. Love, Mom.” Aunt Betty patted my shoulder and said, “Your mom has been preparing this since dawn.” My anger melted into guilt as I realized how hard Mom worked to provide for us. I spent the afternoon helping Aunt Betty decorate the living room with colorful paper and fairy lights, eagerly awaiting Mom’s return.
物品呼应
人物呼应
情感呼应
人物呼应
Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised.
妈妈为mini food festival准备了什么(所做)
我和妈妈一起准备(所做,所想)
mini food festival 的活动(所看,所说,所做)
升华 (什么是真正的爱与陪伴--不是时间的多少)
神器呼应
与前面的 fairy lights相呼应
主题呼应
什么是真正的爱与陪伴
Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised. To my surprise, she had brought back ingredients to make snacks, just like those at the real festival. As we cooked together, I felt the warmth I hadn’t experienced in a long time. After dinner, Mom turned off the lights, the room sparkling under the fairy lights. “It’s our special festival,” she said, hugging me tightly. In that moment, I understood that love isn’t measured by time but by effort. Though life had been tough since Dad’s passing, Mom’s small gestures reminded me that she was always there for me.
主题呼应
神器呼应金句
Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen. There, on the table lay a note beside my favourite cherry pie. The note read: “Dear Lily, I’m sorry I can’t be with you today. But tonight, we’ll have our own mini food festival at home. Love, Mom.” Aunt Betty patted my shoulder and said, “Your mom has been preparing this since dawn.” My anger melted into guilt as I realized how hard Mom worked to provide for us. I spent the afternoon helping Aunt Betty decorate the living room with colorful paper and fairy lights, eagerly awaiting Mom’s return.
Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised. To my surprise, she had brought back ingredients to make snacks, just like those at the real festival. As we cooked together, I felt the warmth I hadn’t experienced in a long time. After dinner, Mom turned off the lights, the room sparkling under the fairy lights. “It’s our special festival,” she said, hugging me tightly. In that moment, I understood that love isn’t measured by time but by effort. Though life had been tough since Dad’s passing, Mom’s small gestures reminded me that she was always there for me.
Q: 续写的第二段有没有呼应第一段的某个伏笔?
神器
呼应神器
读后续写要求:“情节合理,逻辑连贯”
Homework
1.积累原文素材
2.范文默写
按三大描写手法积累原文素材
动作描写
Mom bent down next to me and put her hand on my shoulder.
When I rushed to the kitchen, I was surprised to see Mom, in her work clothes, busy preparing some food.
2. 当我冲进厨房时,惊讶地看到妈妈穿着工作服,正忙着准备食物。
1. 妈妈在我身边弯下腰,把手放在我的肩膀上。
1.“可我们现在几乎都没时间在一起了……你就不能请一天假吗?”我央求道。
“But we never spend time together anymore Can’t you take the day off ” I begged.
2. “抱歉,莉莉。我得工作。”她回答。
“I’m sorry, Lilly. I have to work,” she replied.
3. “再说吧。”她微微一笑。
“We’ll see,” she said with a slight smile.
语言描写
1.泪水划过我的脸庞,我哭喊着:“你再也抽不出时间陪我了。”
Tears streamed down my face as I yelled, “You never have time for me anymore.”
2.我满心失望,冲进房间,“砰” 地一声关上了门。
Overwhelmed with disappointment, I ran to my room and slammed the door.
情绪/情感描写
下班后,妈妈按照承诺准备了迷你美食节。令我惊讶的是,她带回了制作零食的原料,就像在真正的节日上一样。当我们一起做饭时,我感受到了很久没有经历过的温暖。晚饭后,妈妈关掉了灯,房间在仙女灯下闪闪发光。“这是我们的特殊节日,”她紧紧地抱住我说。那一刻,我明白了爱不是用时间来衡量的,而是用努力来衡量的。虽然爸爸去世后生活很艰难,但妈妈的举动提醒我,她一直在我身边。
Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen.
下班后,妈妈按照承诺准备了迷你美食节。令我惊讶的是,她带回了制作零食的原料,就像在真正的节日上一样。当我们一起做饭时,我感受到了很久没有经历过的温暖。晚饭后,妈妈关掉了灯,房间在仙女灯下闪闪发光。“这是我们的特殊节日,”她紧紧地抱住我说。那一刻,我明白了爱不是用时间来衡量的,而是用努力来衡量的。虽然爸爸去世后生活很艰难,但妈妈的举动提醒我,她一直在我身边。
Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised.