Unit 4 Natural disasters 词汇课件(共113张PPT)-人教版(2019)必修第一册

(共113张PPT)
Unit 4　Natural Disasters
Words and Expressions
人教版2019必修第一册
目
录
Part 1 重点词汇
Part 2 重点短语
Part 3 重点句型
disaster / d zɑ:st (r) / n.灾难；灾害
disastrous adj.灾难性的
disastrously adv.灾难性地
a natural disaster 自然灾害
an air disaster 一场空难
The whole thing is a total disaster.
It was the second air disaster in the region in less than two months.
这已经是该地区不到两个月内的第二次空难了
tornado /t ne d / (-oes/-os) n. 龙卷风；旋风
tsunami /tsu nɑ mi/ n. 海啸
drought [dra t] n.旱灾；久旱
dry adj.干燥的；干旱的
有记载以来最严重的旱灾之一
_____ _____ the worst __________ on ________
one of droughts record
dry adj.干燥的
drought n.干旱
high adj.高的
height n.高度
see vt. 看见
sight n.视野
think vi.想
thought n.想法
landslide n.(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
= landfall
The heavy rain caused the landslide.
slide - slid – slid
n. 滑梯；滑动；衰落；幻灯片
slide vi.&vt.（使）滑行；滑动
slide down 滑下
slide into (使)滑入; 溜进；(不知不觉地) 沾染上了恶习
Be careful not to slide into a bad habit.
slide out of 偷偷溜走
on the slide 每况愈下
flood /fl d / n. 洪水；大量；大批
vi.淹没；大量涌入；vt.使灌满水；淹没
floods of （a flood of ）= a number of
flood in/into 大量涌入
flood over/ back (感觉或回忆)涌上心头；涌现
flood...with… = be flooded with 充满....
A wave of happiness flooded over me.
He was flooded with joy when his first child was born.
The taste of the candy brought childhood memories flooding back.
The office was flooded with applications for job.
Telephone calls flooded in from all over the country.
volcanic adj.火山的,猛烈的，暴躁的
volcano n.火山
eruption n. 爆发
erupt v.喷出，爆发，突然发生
volcanic eruption 火山喷发
They had to deal with the actor's famously volcanic temper.
他们不得不应付这位演员著名的暴烈脾气。
The crowd erupted in applause and cheering.
人群中爆发出掌声和欢呼。
magnitude [ m ɡn tju:d ] n. (地)震级; 重大
the magnitude of sth 重要性
We did not realize the magnitude of this problem.
They don't seem to grasp the magnitude of the problem.
他们似乎未领会问题的重要性。
magnify v.扩大
exaggerate v.扩大，夸张
magnificent adj.壮丽的
rescue / reskju / n. & vt. 营救；救援
She was rescued from a burning building.
那个士兵把这个婴儿从洪水中救出来。
The soldier rescued the baby from the flood.
Some of the rescue workers were trapped in the ruins.
come to/ go to one’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人
rescue ... from ... 把...从...中营救出来
rescue workers
damage / d m d / vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失
do / cause damage to...对...造成损害
be badly/seriously/slightly damaged 严重/轻微受损
damage one's health　 　损害某人的健康
1）Dog owners should be responsible if their pets cause damage ______ their property.
2）They managed to repair the houses that were badly __________ (damage) in the earthquake.
to
damaged
destroy /d 'str / vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭
destruction n.毁坏，毁灭
destructive adj.具有毁灭性的
be completely/totally destroyed 被彻底摧毁
destroy one’s life /faith(信仰) /hope/confidence
1) His new car was totally ____________ (destroy).
2) The accident _________________________ (毁掉了她的自信). It took him a long time to cheer up.
destroyed
destroyed her confidence
evacuate v. 疏散；撤出；撤离
evacuation n. 疏散；撤离
helicopter n. 直升飞机
The building is on fire. Evacuate all the people immediately.
death/ deθ/ n. 死；死亡
die v. 死; 枯竭; 消失
dead adj. 死亡的; 无生命的
dying adj. 临终的; 垂死的
deadly adj. 致命的; 彻底的; 极度的 adv. 极其; 非常
the dead 死者；逝者
starve to death 饿死
be bored / scared / frightened to death 无聊得/怕得要死
be sentenced to death 被判死刑
a deadly disease
die of…死于…(内部因素）
die from…死于…(外部因素；疾病）
be dying to do sth…渴望做某事
________ v. 死，死亡 _________ adj. 死亡的
________ adj. 垂死的 _________ adj. 致命的
die
dead
dying
deadly
1) Thousands of people suffered __________ (die) as a result of the bomb attacks.
2) He found a __________ (die) elephant which was killed by the big fire in the forest.
death
dying
death / deθ/ n. 死；死亡
affect [ f kt ] vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动
affection n. 喜爱
affective adj.情感的
① This can affect your work.
② The audience were deeply affected by the moving story.
③ Diseases affect almost everyone at some time during their lives.
影响
打动
(疾病)侵袭
affect 语义网络图
affect
影响
基本义
“影响”情感
疾病“影响”身体
使感动；打动
使感染（疾病）
影响
“影响”人或物
affect [ f kt ] vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动
（1）affect sb./sth. 影响某人/ 某事
影响某人的健康、生活、决定
be greatly/deeply affected by 被……深深打动; 受到……的影响
be affected with 疾病 患有...疾病
（2）have a great affection for 很喜欢……
affect one’s health/life/decision
effect / fekt/ n. 影响；结果；效果
effective adj. 有效的; 生效的
effectively adv. 有效地
efficient adj. 效率高的
side effect 副作用
come into/take effect 生效;见效
in effect 事实上；有效；在实施中
be of no effect 无效果的
bring/carry/put sth. into effect 实施;使……生效/起作用
have an effect/influence/impact on 对…有影响
= make a difference to
effect / fekt/ n. 影响；结果；效果
There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect on children.
Global warming is having an effect on hundreds of animal species (种类) around the world.
These measures that were put into effect last year just start to take effect.
1. Don’t play around here! Your noise ____________ my job badly.
2. Playing computer games too much will have a bad ____________ on your study.
3. The firefighter’s lung ________________ because of breathing in the poisonous gas.
由于吸入了有毒气体，那位消防队员的肺部受到了侵袭。
4. What you say or do will others.
你所说或所做的每一件事都会对别人产生影响。
affects
effect
was affected
have an effect on/affect
知识迁移运用
shelter /' elt (r)/ n.避难处；居所；庇护
vt.；掩蔽vi. 躲避 (风雨或...)
defend/protect/safeguard/guard/shield
（1）build/set up/put up a shelter搭建避难所
We'll teach you survival skills and you'll learn how to make a fire and build your own shelter.
under the shelter of... 在...的掩蔽下
It's dangerous to stand under the shelter of a tree when it rains in summer.
shelter /' elt (r)/ n.避难处；居所；庇护
vt.；掩蔽vi. 躲避 (风雨或...)
take shelter from 躲避
While walking down the hill, we took shelter from the rain in a cave.
（2）shelter from...躲避...
shelter sb./sth. from... 保护/庇护某人/某物（免受...）
It began to rain suddenly, so we had to run into the coffee shop to shelter us from the heavy rain.
1）It’s so hot, and we’d better find a tree to take shelter _________ the sun.
2）Some parents are just too protective. They want to __________________________（保护他们的孩子免受) every kind of danger, real or imagined..
from
shelter their children from
【即学即练】
crack /kr k/ n. 裂纹；裂缝
vi. & vt. (使) 裂开
The walls cracked and the roof collapsed (崩塌）in the earthquake.
地震中墙壁开裂，屋顶坍塌。
Their relationship began to crack (up) after their child died.
孩子夭折后，他们的关系开始出现问题。
There’s a crack in everything, that’s how the light gets in.
万物皆有裂痕，那是光进来的地方
gas n.气体，燃油，汽油
petrol 汽油
Take immediate action when you smell a gas leak.
当发现气体泄漏，应立即采取适当行动。
as if/though 似乎;好像;仿佛
as if /though引导的从句所表示的内容为事实或可能为事实，应用陈述语气
It seemed as if he enjoyed my company.
She loves the boy as if she were his mother.
Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if/as though it’s going to rain.
与过去相反 过去完成时had done
与将来相反 would/could/might/should +动词原形
与现在相反 一般过去时(be--were)
as if/though 似乎;好像;仿佛
当as if从句表示的是不真实的或不可能发生的情况时，用虚拟语气。
Paul talks about the theory as if he knew everything.
It was John who pressed the button.Why are you talking to me as if I had done it
He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
ruin [r n] v. （使）毁坏，破坏; 使破产 n. 废墟 （可数）
（1） be/lie in ruins 成为废墟;毁灭
fall into ruin 破败不堪
reduce...to ruins 使……成为废墟
（2）ruin sth./sb. 毁坏某物/某人
ruin one’s hope/health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途
【即学即练】
1) 地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
The whole city ________________ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
2) We visited the ________ of the summer palace last winter. It ____________ by foreign invaders. (ruin)
lay in ruins
ruins
was ruined
percent / p sent / n. 百分之……
adj.&adv.每一百种
70%的孩子喜欢玩电脑游戏。
70 percent of children like playing computer games. (70% children like playing computer games.)
Only a few vegetable-origin foods have such a high percentage of protein.
只有几种蔬菜食品有如此高的蛋白质含量。
percentage n.百分比；百分率 抽象的
“percent of+名词/代词”作主语，名词/代词为复数时，谓语动词用复数
brick [br k] n. 砖;砖块
The chimney was made of bricks.
烟囱是用砖砌的。
shock [ k] n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. 使震惊
shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的
shocking adj.令人震惊的
(1) culture shock文化冲击
(2) in shock 震惊；吃惊
to one’s shock 令某人震惊的是
(3) be shocked at/by... 对......感到吃惊
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊
a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是极大的震惊
adj.令人震惊的
adj.震惊的，惊讶的
对……吃惊
做某事很吃惊
对某人来说是极大的震惊
震惊地；吃惊地
令某人吃惊的是
shocking
shocked
be shocked at/by sth.
be shocked to do sth.
a great shock to sb.
in shock
to one’s shock
electricity n. 电；电能
electric [ lektr k] adj.电动的
electrical [ lektr k( )l] adj.与电相关的;用电的
electronic [ lek tr n k] adj.电子的
trap [tr p] vt. 使落入险境；是陷入圈套 n 陷阱；险境
(1) set a trap (for sb./sth.) 设圈套
fall into a trap 落入圈套
(2) trap sb/sth in sth 用......捕捉；使困于......
be trapped in/by 陷入; 被困在
trap sb into (doing)sth 诱骗某人(做)某事
trap-trapped-trapped
知识迁移运用
1. __________ (trap) in the heavy traffic, we had to wait and might be late for the meeting.
2. He dug a hole on the ground __________ (trap) a rabbit.
3. They trapped her into_________(sell) her house at a low price.
4. I didn’t get to school on time because I __________________（被困在） the heavy rain.
Trapped
to trap
selling
was trapped in
bury [ b ri] vt. 安葬；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏
bury one’s feelings 隐藏感情; 感情不外露
bury... in...　把……埋到……里；使……沉浸于……
bury one's face in one's hands　双手掩面
be buried in... = bury oneself in (doing.)... 埋头于；专心于
表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：
①be absorbed/engaged in　　②be devoted to=devote oneself to
③be lost in =lose oneself in　 ④focus/concentrate on
⑤ be immersed in 沉浸在 ⑥fix/concentrate one's attention on
⑦pay attention to... / draw one’s attention to...
burial n. 埋葬，葬礼
bury [ b ri] vt. 安葬；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏
She had learnt to bury her feelings.
她已经学会了感情不外露。
我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。
My father buried himself in his newspaper.
= My father was buried in his newspaper.
bury [ b ri] vt. 安葬；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏
①The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, ________ (bury) herself in the book.
②Though ________________(bury) in the ruins for about 70 hours after the earthquake, the man managed to survive.
③Because he buried himself in playing the flute, he didn't know it was raining .
→__________________ playing the flute , he was not aware it was raining .
burying
buried
Burying himself in
1) 考试即将来临，大多数学生埋头于学习中。
With the exam coming, most of students are __________________________ their study.
=With the exam coming, most of students are __________ in their study.
2) He ________________________________（双手掩面）and burst into tears.
3) 因为他专心于学习中，所以不知道外面正在下雪。
Because he ____________________________ , he didn’t know it was snowing outside.
_______________________________, he didn’t know it was snowing outside.（用现在分词短语作状语）
_____________________, he didn’t know it was snowing outside.（过去分词短语作状语）
burying themselves in
buried
buried his face in his hands
buried himself in the book
Burying himself in the book
Buried in the book
【即学即练】
breath / breθ/ n.呼吸
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的
breathe /bri: / v.呼吸
breathe in 吸入
breathe out 呼出
breathe into 注入
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
catch one's breath 恢复呼吸
out of breath 气喘吁吁地，上气不接下气地
take a deep breath=breathe deeply 深呼吸
【即学即练】
1) I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good __________（breathe）.
2) Daniel __________________（深吸一口气） and dived into the water.
3) The doctor told me to ___________________（深深吸气）and then ___________________（慢慢呼气）.
to breathe
took a deep breath
breathe in deeply
breathe out slowly
revive /r va v/ v.复活;(使)苏醒
revival n. 复活；复兴
revive one’s hopes/confidence/fortunes
使某人重新燃起希望／重树信心／时来运转
arrive
arrival n.到达
approve
approval n.赞成
survive
survival n.生存；幸存
propose
proposal n.提议；建议
effort / f t/ n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
effortless adj. 不需费力的；容易的
effortlessly adv.轻松地；毫不费劲地
with effort 努力地；费力地
without effort 毫不费力地
in an effort to do sth 为了做某事
In an effort to help him understand the importance of studying hard, his father brought him to where he worked.
put effort into (doing) sth 努力做某事
it takes effort to do sth 做某事需要努力
effort / f t/ n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
through sb.’s efforts 经过某人的努力
make every effort to do sth 尽全力做某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事
= make an effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事
我会不遗余力地完成这个任务。
I will spare no effort to finish the task.
不遗余力做某事
努力做某事
尽全力做某事
为了做成某事；努力做某事
努力地；费力地
毫不费力
spare no effort(s) to do sth.
make efforts/an effort to do sth.
make every effort efforts to do sth.
in an effort to do sth.
with effort
without effort
①A good environment depends on the _________(effort) made by everyone. ②No one can achieve anything _______effort.
③父母为孩子安排好一切,不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。
Parents arrange everything for their children and _________________ pave the way for their success.
efforts
without
spare no effort to
effort / f t/ n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
unify [ ju:n fa ] v. 统一;(使)成一体
united adj. 联合的、统一的、和谐的
unite v.联合、连手、团结
union n.联盟，协会
wisdom [ w zd m] n. 智慧;才智
a man of wisdom
wise
unwise
context [ k ntekst ] n. 上下文;语境;背景
你能从上下文猜出这个词的意思吗？
Can you guess the meaning of the word from the context
contextual adj.上下文的、与语境相关的
suffer [ s f ] vt.遭受；蒙受；受苦
suffering n. 折磨；苦难
sufferer n.患病者；受苦者
suffer pain/a defeat/hardships/losses 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/损失
suffer from 受……折磨；患……病
__________ n. 苦难；痛苦
_________ n. 患病者；受苦者
suffering
sufferer
suffer [ s f ] vt.遭受；蒙受；受苦
Within a few days she had become seriously ill and suffered great pain.
几天的时间，她就病得很严重了，疼痛难忍。
The company suffered heavy losses last year.
公司去年出现巨额亏损。
At least he died suddenly and didn't suffer.
起码他死得很突然，没遭受痛苦。
suffer [ s f ] vt.遭受；蒙受；受苦
He suffered from poor eyesight and could no longer read properly.
他视力不好，再也不能正常阅读了。
He appears to be strong and healthy , but he suffers from heart disease.
他看上去强健, 其实他患有心脏病。
This new cancer treatment offers hope to many sufferers.
这新的癌症治疗法给许多病人带来希望。
A man who fears suffering is already suffering from what he fears.
害怕承受痛苦的人，他已经在承受害怕本身所带来的痛苦了。
1）She _______________ (suffer) severe depression after losing her job.
2）He ________ (suffer) a massive heart attack.
3）This experience caused him much mental _________(suffer).
suffered from
suffered
suffering
【即学即练】
volcanic adj.火山的,猛烈的，暴躁的
volcano n.火山
eruption n. 爆发
erupt v.喷出，爆发，突然发生
volcanic eruption 火山喷发
They had to deal with the actor's famously volcanic temper.
他们不得不应付这位演员著名的暴烈脾气。
The crowd erupted in applause and cheering.
人群中爆发出掌声和欢呼。
supply [s pla ] n. [pl.] 补给品;供应(量)补给
vt. 供应;供给
(1)water supply 供水
medical supplies 医疗物资补给
be in short supply 供不应求
Books were in short supply.
a good/ constant supply of ... 充足的/ 持续的……的供应
The brain requires a constant supply of oxygen.
supplier n. 供应商; 供应者
supply [s pla ] n. [pl.] 补给品;供应(量)补给
vt. 供应;供给
be well/poorly supplied with 供应充足/缺乏
(2) supply sb with sth = supply sth. to sb 向某人提供某物
= provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb
= offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
我们将给穷人提供足够的水和食物。
We will supply enough water and food to poor people.
supply作名词,表示“补给品”时,要用复数形式,即supplies。
supply [s pla ] n. [pl.] 补给品;供应(量);补给vt. 供应;供给
(1)They used the money ___________ (supply) the school with new textbooks.
(2)Whenever she goes out with her baby,she always takes a large supply ______ baby food with her.
(3)Food __________ (supply) in the flood-stricken area are running out.
(4)During the outbreak of the epidemic ,medical masks were ____ short supply in every area.
(5)For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data ________ (supply) by the World Atlas list so far.
to supply
of
supplies
in
supplied
1) Foreign governments supplied arms _______ the army.
2) In the earthquake-stricken area, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food _________ (supply).
3) At the beginning of this term, students are supplied _______ a list of books that they are expected to read.
4) This theme park, which is based on cartoon stories, uses the most advanced technology to provide visitors ________ a brand new experience of thrills and fun.
to
supplies
with
with
【即学即练】
typhoon [ta fu:n] 台风
这次台风袭击了亚洲的很多国家。
The typhoon struck/hit many countries in Asia.
in the open air 露天；在户外
hurricane [ h r k n] n. 飓风;风暴
up in the air 悬而未决
by air 乘飞机
When another peace talk will be held between the two sides is still up in the air.
survive [s va v] vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过
survival n. 生存;幸存
survivor n.幸存者
survive from 从……幸存
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive sb. by+时间 … 比……多活了
He was very lucky that he didn’t starve to death, but survived the cold winter.
The old lady has survived her elder brother by ten years.
艰难度过
比……活得长
1)It is reported that the only __________ (survive) in the car crash was badly injured .
2)Earthquakes cannot be predicted, but your chances of __________________ (survive) are much larger if you know what to do when an earthquake strikes.
3)Tom is biking across Europe, surviving entirely _______ discarded (丢弃的）food.
survivor
survival/surviving
on
【即学即练】
power [ pa ] n.能力;力量;权力
powerful adj. 强有力的
powerless adj. 无力的
have the power to do sth. 具有做某事的能力
come to power 上台；执政(动作)
be in power 执政；掌权(状态)
in the power of 在......的控制下
within one’s power 力所能及
beyond/out of one’s power 力所不能及的
1) 众所周知，知识就是量。
As is known to all, knowledge is __________.
2) 成这项任务在我的能力范围之内。
Finishing the task is _____________________.
power
within my power
【即学即练】
tap [t p] v. 轻叩;轻敲;轻拍
n水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
tap on/at... 轻敲...
knock on/at... 敲...
turn on／off the tap
He tapped on/at the office door and went in.他轻轻地敲了敲办公室的门，走了进去。
pipe /pa p/ n.管子；管道；烟斗
piper n. 管道工
whistle [ w sl ] v.吹口哨;发出笛声
n. 哨子(声);呼啸声
The crowd whistled as the player came onto the field.
那队员上场时，人群吹起了口哨。
The kettle began to whistle.
烧水壶呜呜地响了起来。
He listened to the whistle of a train.
他听着火车呼啸而过。
emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况
adj.紧急情况下的；应急的
You can call an emergency number when you are trapped in a fire.
当你被火困住时，你可以拨打紧急电话。
calm adj. 镇定的,沉着的
vt. 使平静,使镇定 vi.平静,镇定 保持镇定
calmly adv.平静地；镇静地
calmness n.平静；镇静
keep/stay/remain calm 保持冷静
calm (sb) down 平静下来
不论发生什么，都要保持冷静
Stay calm no matter what happens.
aid /e d/ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi. & vt. 帮助；援助
n. first aid 急救
in aid of　为了帮助……
with the aid of 在……的帮助下
come/go to one’s aid 来帮助某人
do/give/offer first aid 实施急救
v. aid sb in (doing) sth 帮助某人(做)某事
= aid sb to do sth　 帮助某人做某事
aid sb with sth　 在某方面帮助某人
He succeeded with the aid of a new method he discovered.
He walks with the aid of a heavy stick.
To aid the poor farmers, the government provided them with a lot of money.
These volunteers are collecting money in aid of the poor children.
One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
他经常帮助妈妈打扫房间
He often aids his mother to clean the room.
aid /e d/ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi. & vt. 帮助；援助
kit [k t] n. 成套工具;成套设备
first aid kit 急救箱
at hand 在手边；可能很快发生的
by hand 用手工
hand in 交上；提交
hand out 分发
shake hands 握手
hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联
lend me a hand 帮忙
Soon school will end and summer vacation will be on hand.
学校不久就要放假了，暑假快要来临了。（即将来临）
on hand 现有（尤指帮助）
crash [kr ] v. 碰撞;撞击; 坠毁
n. 撞车;碰撞; 坠毁
crash into... 碰撞...
a car crash 车祸
clash crash crush
clash：差别；冲突；分歧 侧重吵架
助记：la-language
crash：碰撞
助记：aaa！撞车了！
crush：压坏；迷恋
助记：因为是u你，所以迷恋
crash [kr ] v. 碰撞;撞击; 坠毁
n. 撞车;碰撞; 坠毁
We heard a huge crash and then silence.
The tree fell with a great crash.
Let me give you some tips for fixing computer system crashes.
( swept---swept)
sweep [swi:p] v. 打扫;清扫
sweep away 消灭;彻底消除
sweep over 涌上心头
=spread/wash/flood over
我感到高兴极了。
A wave of happiness sweeps over me.
wave [we v] n. 海浪; 波浪
v. 挥手; 招手
give sb a wave　向某人挥手
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
wave to/ at sb 向某人挥手
strike [stra k] vt/vi. 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
an air strike 空袭
strike a deal 达成协议
strike a balance between A and B 两者兼顾；达到平衡
strike a match 划火柴
strike sb. on/against/in the+身体部位 击打某人的
be struck by 被……打动/迷住
strike - struck - struck / stricken
striking adj.引人注目的，显著的，惊人的
stricken adj. 受灾的；受难的
strike [stra k] vt/vi. 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
strike... into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心
be/go on strike 在罢工
sth strikes sb
= It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起……
我正在读报纸的时候，突然想到一个好主意。
A good idea struck me when I was reading newspaper.
Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion，one I’d strike into my heart forever.
例句
The clock struck twelve when I got home last night.
A terrible earthquake did strike the city on 11 March.
A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper.
The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.
What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.
strike [stra k] vt/vi. 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
(钟)敲
侵袭
突然想到
打动；把……迷住
给（某人....）印象；让（某人）觉得...
1) It ____________(strike) me that I had left my key in the office.
2) A large number of workers are _________ strike for higher wages.
3) The earthquake ______________ (strike) Tangshan at midnight and the city lay in ruins at one moment.
struck
on
struck
【即学即练】
deliver /d l v (r)/ v.递送;传达;发表
deliver sth. to sb.给某人送某物
deliver a speech/lecture 演讲/讲课
deliver a baby 接生
be delivered of... 分娩……
She was delivered of a healthy boy.
delivery n. 传达、送达
food delivery/ takeout外卖
summary [ s m ri ] n. 总结;概括;概要
make a summary 做总结
in summary 总之，总的来说
总的来说，这场演出令人失望。
In summary, this was a disappointing performance.
summarize v. 总结，概括，概述
length [le θ] n.长;长度
in length 在长度上
at length 最后地,详尽地
At length, we began to understand what he wanted.
I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.
adj. 长的
v. 变长
long
lengthen
length [le θ] n.长;长度
n.名词 Adj.形容词 v.动词
length
depth
width
strength
long
lengthen
deep
deepen
wide
widen
strong
strengthen
1) The area can easily be worked out if you know the _________ (long) and the __________ (broad).
2) A summary should be around one third the _________ (long) of the original text.
length
length
breadth
1. _________v. 死亡；消亡→ _________n. 死；死亡→________adj. 死的；枯萎的→ adj. 垂死的；临死的→ adj. 致命的
2. _________v. 影响；侵袭→_________n. 影响；结果；效果→__________adj. 有效的→_____________ adv. 有效地→ n. 喜爱；关爱
3._________v. (使)震惊 n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克→____________adj. 令人震惊的→ ____________adj. 感到震惊的
4. __________v. 呼吸→ __________n. 呼吸→ ____________adj. 气喘吁吁的→ adv. 气喘吁吁地
5. _________ adj. 明智的→________adv. 明智地→_________n. 智慧；才智
die
death
died
dying
deadly
affect
effect
effective
effectively
affection
shock
shocking
shocked
breathe
breath
breathless
breathlessly
wise
wisely
wisdom
6. ________v. 统一；使成为一体→________adj. 统一的→ n. 联合；统一
7. __________v. 复活；(使)苏醒→ _____________n. 复苏；振兴
8. __________vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存→ _____________n. 幸存；残存物→ _____________n. 幸存者
9. __________v. 遭受；蒙受；因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ ___________n. 苦难；痛苦→ __________n. 患病者; 受苦者
9. __________v. (火山)爆发；喷发→_____________n. 爆发；喷发
10. ________adj. 长的；长期的→_________ n. 长；长度→___________v.
(使)变长；加长
unify
unified
unification
revive
revival
survive
survival
survivor
suffer
suffering
sufferer
erupt
eruption
long
length
lengthen
11.____________n．能力；力量；电力供应；控制力→____________ adj.强大的；有力的→ adj. 无力的；无能力的→ v. 授权
vt. & vi. (使)平静; (使)镇定 adj. 镇定的；沉着的→ _________
adv. 镇定的；沉着的→ __________n. 平静; 镇定
13. n. 电；电能→ adj. 电动的；用电的
→ adj. 与(用)电有关的；电气科学的→ adj. 电子的
14. __________n. 努力；尽力→ adj. 不用费力的
15. n. 金属→ n. 模特；榜样→ n. 奖章；勋章→ n. 新闻媒体；媒体
power
powerful
powerless
empower
calm
calmly
calmness
electricity
electric
electrical
electronic
effort
effortless
metal
model
medal
media
vt. 递送；生；接生；发表→ n. [U]递送
→ n. 投递者
17. n. 突发事件；紧急情况→ adj. 新兴的 → v. 出现；浮现
vi. & vt. &n. 打；撞击；罢工→ (过去式)→ .
(过去分词) → adj. 迷人的→ n. 罢工者；前锋
n. 总结；概括→ v. 总结；概括
n. 供应；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt. 供应；供给→ n. 供应商
deliver
delivery
deliverer
emergency
emergent
emerge
strike
struck
stricken
striking
striker
summary
summarize
supply
supplier
Thank You !
Words and Expressions
人教版2019必修第一册
39.effect(n)影响，结果，效果
__________ adj.有效的，实际的 _________ adv.有效地，实际上
1.have an effect/influence on 对...产生影响
2.（物）come into effect 开始实施，生效
（人）put/bring...into effect 实施，实行，使生效
in effect 事实上，实际上
side effects 副作用
cause and effect 因果 greenhouse effect 温室效应
effectively
effective
1)The number of foreigners learning Chinese has been growing in recent years, indicating that China has a greater effect _______ the world.
2)就我而言，每天熬夜一定会对你的健康造成很大的影响。
→As far as I’m concerned, staying up late every day is certain to _____________________ greatly. (affect)
→In my view, staying up late every day is certain to ______________________________________. (effect)
affect your health
have a great effect on your health
on
33.on hand 现有的
Whenever I want to write something, I always have a dictionary at hand.
每当我想写点什么，我总在手边放一本字典。
at hand 有二个基本用法：① “在手边”、“在附近”；②“即将到来”。常用 close、near、
on hand 有三种基本用法：① “在手头”、“在手边”；② “”、“在眼前”；
③“在场”、“到场”。
I always like to keep a certain amount of money on hand.
我总爱在手头保留一定数量的钱。
come to an end 结束；终结
at the end of　　在……尽头；在……末端
by the end of 到……结束时；到……时候为止
in the end 最后；终于
be at an end 结束
put/bring ... to an end = put an end to ... 使……结束
come to an end 完成；结束
make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出
end up with 以……结束
end up doing 最终在做某事
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；成为废墟；毁灭
(1)ruin oneself自我毁灭
ruin one’s hope/chance/fame/future毁坏某人的希望/机会/名誉/未来
(2)in ruins严重受损;破败不堪
be/lie in ruins成为废墟;毁灭
fall into ruins成为废墟
bring...to ruin使……毁灭;使……没落
sweep away 消灭；彻底消除
sweep up 打扫；清扫
sweep away 消灭；摧毁；彻底消除
sweep over/ across/ around 扫视；掠过
sweep through 扫过；掠过；风行
When the city is still sleeping soundly before the dawn comes on，it is the cleaners who sweep up the floors or streets in spite of the chilly wind or the heavy rain.
in the open air 露天；在户外
(1)乘飞机: by air
(2)在传播中: in the air
(3)正在广播: on the air
(4)停止广播: off the air
(5)在户外: in the open air
too+形容词+ to… 太……而不能……
too…to…与not或never连用时，意为：无论……也不为过，越……越好
too+形容词(nervous, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等)+to do sth. 表示肯定意义，意为：非常/很……做某事。
as if … 似乎…… ；好像……
as if 用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的情况或极有可能发生。
as if 用虚拟语气：
1)从句用一般过去时：be动词用were（与现在的事实相反）
2)从句用过去完成时（与过去的事实相反）
3)从句用would/could/might to形式（与将来的事实相反）
be doing sth. when… 正在做什么事，这时……
be about to do… when…
be on the point to do… when…
had just done…when… 刚做完……这时……
正要做……这时……
15.as if 好像
①引导表语从句：主语+ looks/appears/seems/sounds as if(或as though)...
It seemed as if he enjoyed my company.
②引导方式状语从句：She loves the boy as if she were his mother.
③从句的语气及时态
A.当as if从句所描述的内容是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实，从句常用陈述语气。
Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if/as though it’s going to rain.
B.当as if从句表示的是不真实的或不可能发生的情况时，用虚拟语气。
与过去相反 使用过去完成时had done
与将来相反 would/could/might +动词原形
与现在相反 使用一般过去时(be--were)
1) To make the most of your time, value every moment as if it ________ (be) your last.（虚假的条件）
2) When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it _______ (be) missing something.（真实的假设）
【即学即练】
were
is
10. as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
as if/ though常用于引导表语从句或状语从句，如果是不真实的情况，从句中常用过去时表示虚拟语气。
单词详解
一、as if 在从句中的作用
1、在look, seem等系动词后引导表语从句
eg: He looks as if he were ten years younger.
他看起来好像年轻了十岁。（虚拟语气）
2、引导方式状语从句
eg: The child talked to us as if he were a grow-up.
那个孩子跟我们谈起话来,像个成年人似的.（虚拟语气）
（注意：虚拟语气中只有were，不用was。）
知识迁移应用
as if /though引导的方式状语从句和表语从句用陈述语气
as if/though意为“似乎，好像”，表示的情况与事实不符，用虚拟语气。
①若表示与现在事实不符，从句谓语动词用一般过去时did/were
Paul talks about the theory as if he knew everything.
②若表示与过去事实不符，从句谓语动词用过去完成时had done
It was John who pressed the button.Why are you talking to me as if I had done it
③若表示与将来事实不符，从句谓语动词用would/could/might do
He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
【知识延伸】
表示“专心于”且与“be buried in”类似的表达还有:
pay attention to... / draw one’s attention to... / apply oneself to
be devoted to... / be addicted to...
be buried/occupied/absorbed/lost/involved/engaged in sth.
concentrate/fix/focus/keep one’s attention on sth.
put one's heart into sth.
24. bury vt. 掩埋；埋葬
He died at the age of 80 and was buried in his homeland.
他80岁去世了，被安葬在他的家乡。
I was looking for my handbag, which was buried under a pile of old newspapers.
我正在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
He buried his face in his hands and wept.
他双手掩面而泣。
She had learnt to bury her feelings.
她已经学会了感情不外露。
bury vt. 掩埋；埋葬
My father buried his head / himself in his newspaper.
= My father was buried in his newspaper.
我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。
Buried in my book, I didn't realize it was raining.
我专心致志地看书，没注意到下雨了。
He sat at a wooden table，burying himself in reading English articles.
他坐在一个木桌子旁，专心致志地读英语文章。
bury oneself in (doing) = be buried in doing sth
埋头于; 专心于; 沉浸于
bury one’s feelings 隐藏感情; 感情不外露
bury face/head in one’s hands 双手掩面/抱头
burial n. 埋葬，葬礼
bury
bury / beri/ vt. 埋葬；安葬
派生：
bury...in...把……埋到……里
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
be buried in=bury oneself in埋头于；沉浸于
例句：
She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
14. bury / beri/ vt. 埋葬；安葬
vt.
①埋葬;掩藏;遮盖
②专心于（某事）：陷入，沉浸于
bury oneself in...
=be buried in... 埋头于;专心致志于
bury one’s face in hands 双手掩面
埋头于；专心于；沉浸于
单词详解
① He buried his face in his hands and wept. 他掩面而泣。
② Since her husband left，she’s buried herself in her work.
自从丈夫离开以后，她一直专心于工作。
③ Buried in his study，he didn’t know that all the others had left.
他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。
28. unify vi.&vt. 统一;(使)成一体
The new leader hopes to unify the country.
新领袖希望把国家统一起来。