Unit 5 Revealing nature Understanding ideas 课件（共71张PPT,内镶嵌视频）-外研版(2019)选择性必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 5 Revealing nature Understanding ideas 课件（共71张PPT,内镶嵌视频）-外研版(2019)选择性必修第一册 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 22.5MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-12 01:56:23 | ||
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(共71张PPT)
Unit 5
Revealing nature
A Journey of Discovery
1. Use predicting, skimming for detail and scanning for specific information to comprehend the reading materials.
2. Use different methods to search related information and compare them.
3. Conclude the reading material.
Process (success) objectives
Product (success) objectives
1. Obtain the information by using reading skills.
2. Think and analyze the reading material through studying the style and writing skills.
3. Develop the awareness of scientific exploring.
What do you know about the man and share your knowledge with the class.
Charles Robert Darwin(1809-1882) was an English geologist and naturalist. In his famous book On the Origin of Species, Darwin proposed the theory that organisms (individual life forms) evolve extremely slowly. He stated that the organisms that were better suited to their environments would survive and pass on their favourable characteristics to the next generation, while the less suitable organisms would gradually die out. He called this process “natural selection”.
1. the loss of other people's respect and approval because of the bad way sb. has behaved
2. a small part of something intended as representative of the whole
3. the hard pointed part of a bird's mouth
4. a scientist who studies geology
disgrace
sample
beak
geologist
Match the words in the box with the definitions.
answer the call disgrace sample finch beak geologist suspect generate decline
5. respond the call
6. small bird with a short beak
7. to produce or create sth.
8. a continuous decrease in the number, value, quality, etc. of sth.
9. to think or believe something to be true or probable
finch
generate
decline
suspect
answer the call
answer the call disgrace sample finch beak geologist suspect generate decline
Observe the picture and think about the questions:
1. What is the name of the tree
2. What is evolution
3. Can you tell us the direction of evolution
1. What species do you recognize in the picture
2. What factors can cause the process of evolution
Paramecium, earthworm, snail, crab, fish, tortoise, bird, horse, human, frog, algae, moss, fern…
Look at the evolutionary tree and answer the questions.
The ever-changing environment of nature; environmental changes; population immigration; genetic mutation; cultural preference…
Predict the main idea of the text according to the picture and the title.
A Journey of Discovery
The passage is mainly about how Darwin’s Theory of Evolution generated and developed on his journey.
The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would "profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known". The person who answered the call was not the captain's first choice. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. What's more, he had recently receiveda letter from his father predicting that he would be "a disgrace to yourself and all your family". Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
2 The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He left England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist
3At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since. But Darwin began to think differently. He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.
Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
5 Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species. And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors.
6It was a completely new idea-a theory of evolution.Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species. It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life. They were shocked. But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
7 Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written. It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
Read the passage quickly and talk about your understanding of the title.
A Journey of Discovery
Darwin's interest in various living things made him a great naturalist.
Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution.
Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time.
Choose the main idea of the passage and give your reasons.
Decide what type of essay it is
It is a narrative essay.
A narrative essay is a story with a beginning, middle, and end.
A descriptive essay describes a subject and lists interesting details.
An expository essay is factual, giving information on a subject.
An argumentative essay aims to convince the reader.
There are four major types of essay:
narrative, descriptive, expository, and argumentative.
What are the four major types of essay do you know
A narrative essay tells a story or gives an account of something that has happened. The purpose is to retell a story based on personal experience or the writer’s imagination. All stories have the same essential ingredients: a series of events which are organized in an order and told by a narrator.
Elements:
what, where, who, why, when, how
narrative essay
Point of view:
first person (more graphic and lifelike)
third person (objective)
Order:
chronological order
time order
Tense:
past tense (stories happened in the past)
Can you find out what kind of narrative order the author used to
Time order.
Match the main idea with its corresponding paragraph.
Paragraph 1 A. Different finches on each of the islands inspired Darwin to notice how their beaks had evolved.
Paragraph 2 B. Darwin's ideas were different from other people's beliefs on species evolution.
Paragraph 3 C. As Darwin studied plants and animals in South America, he wondered how different species came to exist.
Paragraph 4 D. Darwin made a conclusion: new species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors.
Paragraph 5 E. Darwin's On the Origin of Species was published but caused a storm.
Paragraph 6 F. On the Origin of Species has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
Paragraph 7 G. Darwin answered the call to visit distant countries yet little known.
GCBADEF
Read for detailed information.
He was not the captain’s first choice.
He was a disgrace to himself and all his family.
He was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.
Writing purpose: Set the suspense to attract reader’s interests
Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals.
How did different species come to exist
All species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since
Animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments
To look for more evidence
Darwin noticed finches’ beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
New species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors.
A theory of evolution.
Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species.
On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written. It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
Many people refused to believe. They were shocked. Later, more and more people started to believe his theory.
asked himself a question(generated an idea)
answered the question(developed an idea)
published the book (proposed a theory)
started his journey
Fill in the blanks in the chart.
life on Earth
storm
ancestors
samples
exist
changed
Beagle
degree
time
order
Decide whether the following statements are True (T), False (F) or Not Given (NG).
1. Darwin was the first person whom the captain of the Beagle wanted. ( )
2. Darwin didn't get along well with his father because he didn't complete his degree. ( )
3. Darwin's room on the ship was crowded only with the plants he had collected. ( )
4. Darwin thought animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments. ( )
F
NG
F
T
5. There was a difference between the finches on each of the islands because their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island. ( )
6. Most people believed Darwin's theory as soon as his book was published. ( )
T
F
Number the puzzle pieces in order. Organise information from the passage and complete them.
1
2
3
4
5
Darwin studied____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________.
He noticed that some species of animals were __________________
_______.
ON HIS JOURNEY
1
various living things in their natural environments and samples of the plants and animals he had collected
very similar to each
other
GENERATE IDEAS
2
Darwin asked the questions:
How did different species _____________
________________________________________________________
________________________
come to exist
Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments
LOOK FOR MORE EVIDENCE
3
DEVELOP IDEAS
4
On the Galapagos Island:
He noticed _______________________________________________
_____________________________.
It seemed the beaks ________________________________________
______________________________________.
that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands
had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island
Darwin suspected that the finches ____________________________
__________________________________________________________
and it had _______________________________________.
had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before
slowly evolved into many new species
PROPOSE A THEROY
5
The theory of Evolution: living things, including humans, _____________________________________________________.
had evolved from lower forms of life
Retell the text according to the development of the journey. You can add more information from the passage if necessary.
Why were many people “shocked” by Darwin's theory
What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage
How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exporation How can this spirit help you in your life and studies
Now discuss why Darwin did not publish this Theory of Evolution until 1859, about twenty years after his discovery. Do further research if necessary.
Why were many people “shocked” by Darwin's theory
What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage
At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time and had not changed since, but Darwin’s theory proposed that living thins, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life, which, as a result, shocked many people.
Darwin was a determined man. He had strong curiosity and interest in science and was good at thinking and making discoveries.
Your own answers.
3. How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
4. What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exporation How can this spirit help you in your life and studies
What kind of person was Darwin
Darwin was a determined man. He had strong curiosity and interest in science and was good at thinking and making discoveries. These good qualities helped Darwin make such a long journey from 1831 to 1859 to pursue his scientific exploration and finally published the great book,On the Origin of Species.
1. The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.
eg The airport is about ten miles distant from the city.
The football match is still five weeks distant.
distant adj. : far away in space or time
遥远的，远处的; 久远的
eg After the quarrel Sue remained cold and distant.
Jessie is a distant cousin of Nora.
Hank nodded slowly, a distant look in his eyes.
distant adj. : unfriendly 不友好的
not closely related to you 远亲的
thinking deeply about something private, rather than about what is happening around you
心不在焉的，恍惚的，出神的:
【拓展】
in the distant past / future 在遥远的过去/未来
in the not too distant future 在不久的将来
a distant memory 遥远的记忆
eg One day, in the distant future, I might go and live in Europe.
The president hopes to visit Ireland in the not too distant future.
That lovely summer on Hilton Head already felt like a distant memory.
【联想】 distance n. 距离；远方
翻译。
Sometimes you can hear the distant sound of fireworks exploding.
有时，您可以听到远处放焰火的声音。
The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.
the Beagle是ship的同位语。
who引导的定语从句对先行词someone进行修饰限定，并且who在从句中充当句子的主语。
We could also say
The captain of the ship, the Beagle, needed someone who would benefit from the chance to visit countries that were far away and then unknown.
2. The person who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice. (翻译)
响应号召的那个人并不是船长的第一选择。
who引导主语从句，修饰前面的the person。
eg College graduates should answer the call to go down to the
grass-roots units.
He walked rapidly into the living-room to answer the call.
answer the call 响应号召；接电话
eg This colour wasn't my first choice.
I know I wasn't your first choice for the job.
first choice: the thing or person you like best
首选，第一选择
The person who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice.
We could also say
One person applied for the job, but he was not the person that the captain would have chosen first.
3. Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
lead to : to result in (something) 导致；造成(后果)
eg Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.
His carelessness led to the accident.
lead to : used to say where a path, wire etc goes or what place is on the other side of a door 通到，通往，通向
eg The path led down to a small lake.
All roads lead to Rome.
一句多译。
努力工作就会成功。
Working hard can lead to success.
Working hard can result in success.
eg Beethoven is one of the greatest composers of all time.
贝多芬是有史以来最伟大的作曲家之一。
of all time: that has ever existed 一直，始终
4. The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals.
We could also say
The young man we are talking about here is Charles Darwin. He was geologist and naturalist and he was very interested in rocks, plants and animals.
eg The photograph in question was taken long before I met you.
in question: being discussed or considered
正被讨论的，谈论中的
【拓展】
out of the question 不可能的, 不值得讨论的
without question 毫无疑问
in question: there is doubt about it 有疑问的，被怀疑的
eg I'm afraid his working ability is now in question.
out of the question, in question, without question
1) Though he has never told lies, I'm afraid his honesty is now ________________.
2) I'd say that Jim, who always scores highest, is ________________ the best player on our team.
3) “Will you lend me some money ” “I'm sorry, but it is __________________.”
选用方框内合适的短语填空(每个短语限用一次)。
out of the question
in question
without question
5. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. (翻译)
达尔文在南美呆了一段时间后，他船上的房间里堆满了他收集的动植物标本。
after 引导时间状语从句，在……之后。
be crowded with: full of; filled with 挤满了……
eg Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes.
【拓展】
crowd v. 挤满，使……拥挤
n. 人群
crowed adj. 挤满人（物）的; 拥挤的
crowd in / into 涌入、挤进
eg The crowd crowed into the crowded town hall.
人群涌入了拥护的市政大厅。
6. Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments
adapt to: to gradually change your behaviour and attitudes in order to be successful in a new situation
（使）适应，（使）适合
eg John has not yet adapted to the unusual rules of the school.
How do these insects adapt themselves to new environments
adapt oneself to ... 使某人自己适应……
【联想】
adaptation n. 适应，改编，改编本
adaptable adj. 能适应的
【拓展】
be adapted from 根据……改编/改写
be adapted for 改编/改写为……
eg The movie has been adapted from a novel.
The author is going to adapt his play for television.
翻译下列句子。
1) 露西努力使自己适应这里温暖湿润的气候。
Lucy tried to adapt herself to the warm and wet climate.
2) 汤姆移居加拿大后，很适应变化。
When he moved to Canada, Tom adapted to the change very well.
3) 你喜欢看根据莫言小说改编的电影吗？
Do you like seeing movies adapted from the novels of Mo Yan？
7. When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most.
when引导时间状语从句; 强调句It is/was +被强调部分+that从句, 本句中强调的是the birds, 意为: 鸟类才是使他最感兴趣的。
a variety of: a lot of things of the same type that are different from each other in some way 种种
variety前可用great, wide等形容词来修饰。
e.g. The island offers such a wide variety of scenery and wildlife.
【英译汉】
More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great variety of goods.
越来越多的人喜欢在超市购物，因为超市能提供“各种各样的”商品。
8. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before.
that引导宾语从句，做suspected的宾语。
which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ancestor, 并在其引导的从句中做主语。
had evolved是过去完成时, 其结构是“had + 过去分词”。
suspect v. : to think that something is probably true, especially something bad 猜想，怀疑，觉得〔尤指觉得坏事可能是事实〕
eg I have no reason to suspect her honesty.
She strongly suspected that he was lying to her.
suspect n. : someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime〔犯罪〕嫌疑人，可疑分子
adj. not likely to be completely true
可疑的; 不可信任的; 不可靠的
eg The suspect is being held at the police station for questioning.
Some of the evidence they produced was highly suspect.
1. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.
本句是强调句。
强调句型的结构：
It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分
当被强调部分指人时，可用who代替that。
在强调句中，被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、状语等，但是通常不能强调谓误和定语。
eg It is Tom that / who is in charge of the class.
It was at the age of 18 that he showed interest in sports.
It is tea that I like to drink, not coffee.
根据要求用强调句型改写所给句子。
Neil met your brother in the school library this afternoon.
1) 强调主语
2) 强调宾语
It was Neil who / that met your brother in the school library this afternoon.
It was your brother who / that Neil met in the school library this afternoon.
3) 强调地点状语
4) 强调时间状语
It was in the school library that Neil met your brother this afternoon.
It was this afternoon that Neil met your brother in the school library.
2. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
It seems / seemed (that) ... 结构 看起来/似乎是……
注意：这一句式中，that常常省略。
eg It seems (that) you were lying.
It seemed (that) they had known what you did.
【拓展】
It seems / seemed as if ... 好像
eg It seems as if we’ll be late.
It seemed as if the end of the world had come.
Below is a summary of the text with some content missing. Choose the right item from the box and make the summary complete. Change the form when necessary.
1831, finch, distant, Galápagos, predict, exist
Charles Darwin, a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree, was chosen to participate in a journey visiting 1. ________ countries yet little known on the Beagle. Though this young man was not the captain's first choice and his father 2. _________ he would be “a disgrace”, he made one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
distant
predicted
The journey which began in 3. ________ gave him a chance to study various living things in their natural environments. This young man raised a question: how did different species come to 4. ________ When the Beagle reached the 5. __________ Islands in 1835, Darwin found the answer to the question of how new species of plants and animals came to exist by observing 6. ________: they evolved from earlier ancestors. Darwin's book, On the Origin of Species, was published in 1859 and has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
1831, finch, distant, Galápagos, predict, exist
1831
exist
Galápagos
finches
1. Read the passage again and retell the passage.
2. Write a summary of the passage.
Thank you
Unit 5
Revealing nature
A Journey of Discovery
1. Use predicting, skimming for detail and scanning for specific information to comprehend the reading materials.
2. Use different methods to search related information and compare them.
3. Conclude the reading material.
Process (success) objectives
Product (success) objectives
1. Obtain the information by using reading skills.
2. Think and analyze the reading material through studying the style and writing skills.
3. Develop the awareness of scientific exploring.
What do you know about the man and share your knowledge with the class.
Charles Robert Darwin(1809-1882) was an English geologist and naturalist. In his famous book On the Origin of Species, Darwin proposed the theory that organisms (individual life forms) evolve extremely slowly. He stated that the organisms that were better suited to their environments would survive and pass on their favourable characteristics to the next generation, while the less suitable organisms would gradually die out. He called this process “natural selection”.
1. the loss of other people's respect and approval because of the bad way sb. has behaved
2. a small part of something intended as representative of the whole
3. the hard pointed part of a bird's mouth
4. a scientist who studies geology
disgrace
sample
beak
geologist
Match the words in the box with the definitions.
answer the call disgrace sample finch beak geologist suspect generate decline
5. respond the call
6. small bird with a short beak
7. to produce or create sth.
8. a continuous decrease in the number, value, quality, etc. of sth.
9. to think or believe something to be true or probable
finch
generate
decline
suspect
answer the call
answer the call disgrace sample finch beak geologist suspect generate decline
Observe the picture and think about the questions:
1. What is the name of the tree
2. What is evolution
3. Can you tell us the direction of evolution
1. What species do you recognize in the picture
2. What factors can cause the process of evolution
Paramecium, earthworm, snail, crab, fish, tortoise, bird, horse, human, frog, algae, moss, fern…
Look at the evolutionary tree and answer the questions.
The ever-changing environment of nature; environmental changes; population immigration; genetic mutation; cultural preference…
Predict the main idea of the text according to the picture and the title.
A Journey of Discovery
The passage is mainly about how Darwin’s Theory of Evolution generated and developed on his journey.
The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would "profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known". The person who answered the call was not the captain's first choice. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. What's more, he had recently receiveda letter from his father predicting that he would be "a disgrace to yourself and all your family". Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
2 The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He left England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist
3At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since. But Darwin began to think differently. He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.
Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
5 Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species. And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors.
6It was a completely new idea-a theory of evolution.Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species. It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life. They were shocked. But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
7 Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written. It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
Read the passage quickly and talk about your understanding of the title.
A Journey of Discovery
Darwin's interest in various living things made him a great naturalist.
Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution.
Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time.
Choose the main idea of the passage and give your reasons.
Decide what type of essay it is
It is a narrative essay.
A narrative essay is a story with a beginning, middle, and end.
A descriptive essay describes a subject and lists interesting details.
An expository essay is factual, giving information on a subject.
An argumentative essay aims to convince the reader.
There are four major types of essay:
narrative, descriptive, expository, and argumentative.
What are the four major types of essay do you know
A narrative essay tells a story or gives an account of something that has happened. The purpose is to retell a story based on personal experience or the writer’s imagination. All stories have the same essential ingredients: a series of events which are organized in an order and told by a narrator.
Elements:
what, where, who, why, when, how
narrative essay
Point of view:
first person (more graphic and lifelike)
third person (objective)
Order:
chronological order
time order
Tense:
past tense (stories happened in the past)
Can you find out what kind of narrative order the author used to
Time order.
Match the main idea with its corresponding paragraph.
Paragraph 1 A. Different finches on each of the islands inspired Darwin to notice how their beaks had evolved.
Paragraph 2 B. Darwin's ideas were different from other people's beliefs on species evolution.
Paragraph 3 C. As Darwin studied plants and animals in South America, he wondered how different species came to exist.
Paragraph 4 D. Darwin made a conclusion: new species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors.
Paragraph 5 E. Darwin's On the Origin of Species was published but caused a storm.
Paragraph 6 F. On the Origin of Species has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
Paragraph 7 G. Darwin answered the call to visit distant countries yet little known.
GCBADEF
Read for detailed information.
He was not the captain’s first choice.
He was a disgrace to himself and all his family.
He was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.
Writing purpose: Set the suspense to attract reader’s interests
Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals.
How did different species come to exist
All species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since
Animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments
To look for more evidence
Darwin noticed finches’ beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
New species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors.
A theory of evolution.
Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species.
On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written. It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
Many people refused to believe. They were shocked. Later, more and more people started to believe his theory.
asked himself a question(generated an idea)
answered the question(developed an idea)
published the book (proposed a theory)
started his journey
Fill in the blanks in the chart.
life on Earth
storm
ancestors
samples
exist
changed
Beagle
degree
time
order
Decide whether the following statements are True (T), False (F) or Not Given (NG).
1. Darwin was the first person whom the captain of the Beagle wanted. ( )
2. Darwin didn't get along well with his father because he didn't complete his degree. ( )
3. Darwin's room on the ship was crowded only with the plants he had collected. ( )
4. Darwin thought animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments. ( )
F
NG
F
T
5. There was a difference between the finches on each of the islands because their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island. ( )
6. Most people believed Darwin's theory as soon as his book was published. ( )
T
F
Number the puzzle pieces in order. Organise information from the passage and complete them.
1
2
3
4
5
Darwin studied____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________.
He noticed that some species of animals were __________________
_______.
ON HIS JOURNEY
1
various living things in their natural environments and samples of the plants and animals he had collected
very similar to each
other
GENERATE IDEAS
2
Darwin asked the questions:
How did different species _____________
________________________________________________________
________________________
come to exist
Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments
LOOK FOR MORE EVIDENCE
3
DEVELOP IDEAS
4
On the Galapagos Island:
He noticed _______________________________________________
_____________________________.
It seemed the beaks ________________________________________
______________________________________.
that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands
had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island
Darwin suspected that the finches ____________________________
__________________________________________________________
and it had _______________________________________.
had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before
slowly evolved into many new species
PROPOSE A THEROY
5
The theory of Evolution: living things, including humans, _____________________________________________________.
had evolved from lower forms of life
Retell the text according to the development of the journey. You can add more information from the passage if necessary.
Why were many people “shocked” by Darwin's theory
What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage
How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exporation How can this spirit help you in your life and studies
Now discuss why Darwin did not publish this Theory of Evolution until 1859, about twenty years after his discovery. Do further research if necessary.
Why were many people “shocked” by Darwin's theory
What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage
At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time and had not changed since, but Darwin’s theory proposed that living thins, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life, which, as a result, shocked many people.
Darwin was a determined man. He had strong curiosity and interest in science and was good at thinking and making discoveries.
Your own answers.
3. How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
4. What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exporation How can this spirit help you in your life and studies
What kind of person was Darwin
Darwin was a determined man. He had strong curiosity and interest in science and was good at thinking and making discoveries. These good qualities helped Darwin make such a long journey from 1831 to 1859 to pursue his scientific exploration and finally published the great book,On the Origin of Species.
1. The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.
eg The airport is about ten miles distant from the city.
The football match is still five weeks distant.
distant adj. : far away in space or time
遥远的，远处的; 久远的
eg After the quarrel Sue remained cold and distant.
Jessie is a distant cousin of Nora.
Hank nodded slowly, a distant look in his eyes.
distant adj. : unfriendly 不友好的
not closely related to you 远亲的
thinking deeply about something private, rather than about what is happening around you
心不在焉的，恍惚的，出神的:
【拓展】
in the distant past / future 在遥远的过去/未来
in the not too distant future 在不久的将来
a distant memory 遥远的记忆
eg One day, in the distant future, I might go and live in Europe.
The president hopes to visit Ireland in the not too distant future.
That lovely summer on Hilton Head already felt like a distant memory.
【联想】 distance n. 距离；远方
翻译。
Sometimes you can hear the distant sound of fireworks exploding.
有时，您可以听到远处放焰火的声音。
The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.
the Beagle是ship的同位语。
who引导的定语从句对先行词someone进行修饰限定，并且who在从句中充当句子的主语。
We could also say
The captain of the ship, the Beagle, needed someone who would benefit from the chance to visit countries that were far away and then unknown.
2. The person who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice. (翻译)
响应号召的那个人并不是船长的第一选择。
who引导主语从句，修饰前面的the person。
eg College graduates should answer the call to go down to the
grass-roots units.
He walked rapidly into the living-room to answer the call.
answer the call 响应号召；接电话
eg This colour wasn't my first choice.
I know I wasn't your first choice for the job.
first choice: the thing or person you like best
首选，第一选择
The person who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice.
We could also say
One person applied for the job, but he was not the person that the captain would have chosen first.
3. Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
lead to : to result in (something) 导致；造成(后果)
eg Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.
His carelessness led to the accident.
lead to : used to say where a path, wire etc goes or what place is on the other side of a door 通到，通往，通向
eg The path led down to a small lake.
All roads lead to Rome.
一句多译。
努力工作就会成功。
Working hard can lead to success.
Working hard can result in success.
eg Beethoven is one of the greatest composers of all time.
贝多芬是有史以来最伟大的作曲家之一。
of all time: that has ever existed 一直，始终
4. The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals.
We could also say
The young man we are talking about here is Charles Darwin. He was geologist and naturalist and he was very interested in rocks, plants and animals.
eg The photograph in question was taken long before I met you.
in question: being discussed or considered
正被讨论的，谈论中的
【拓展】
out of the question 不可能的, 不值得讨论的
without question 毫无疑问
in question: there is doubt about it 有疑问的，被怀疑的
eg I'm afraid his working ability is now in question.
out of the question, in question, without question
1) Though he has never told lies, I'm afraid his honesty is now ________________.
2) I'd say that Jim, who always scores highest, is ________________ the best player on our team.
3) “Will you lend me some money ” “I'm sorry, but it is __________________.”
选用方框内合适的短语填空(每个短语限用一次)。
out of the question
in question
without question
5. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. (翻译)
达尔文在南美呆了一段时间后，他船上的房间里堆满了他收集的动植物标本。
after 引导时间状语从句，在……之后。
be crowded with: full of; filled with 挤满了……
eg Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes.
【拓展】
crowd v. 挤满，使……拥挤
n. 人群
crowed adj. 挤满人（物）的; 拥挤的
crowd in / into 涌入、挤进
eg The crowd crowed into the crowded town hall.
人群涌入了拥护的市政大厅。
6. Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments
adapt to: to gradually change your behaviour and attitudes in order to be successful in a new situation
（使）适应，（使）适合
eg John has not yet adapted to the unusual rules of the school.
How do these insects adapt themselves to new environments
adapt oneself to ... 使某人自己适应……
【联想】
adaptation n. 适应，改编，改编本
adaptable adj. 能适应的
【拓展】
be adapted from 根据……改编/改写
be adapted for 改编/改写为……
eg The movie has been adapted from a novel.
The author is going to adapt his play for television.
翻译下列句子。
1) 露西努力使自己适应这里温暖湿润的气候。
Lucy tried to adapt herself to the warm and wet climate.
2) 汤姆移居加拿大后，很适应变化。
When he moved to Canada, Tom adapted to the change very well.
3) 你喜欢看根据莫言小说改编的电影吗？
Do you like seeing movies adapted from the novels of Mo Yan？
7. When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most.
when引导时间状语从句; 强调句It is/was +被强调部分+that从句, 本句中强调的是the birds, 意为: 鸟类才是使他最感兴趣的。
a variety of: a lot of things of the same type that are different from each other in some way 种种
variety前可用great, wide等形容词来修饰。
e.g. The island offers such a wide variety of scenery and wildlife.
【英译汉】
More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great variety of goods.
越来越多的人喜欢在超市购物，因为超市能提供“各种各样的”商品。
8. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before.
that引导宾语从句，做suspected的宾语。
which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ancestor, 并在其引导的从句中做主语。
had evolved是过去完成时, 其结构是“had + 过去分词”。
suspect v. : to think that something is probably true, especially something bad 猜想，怀疑，觉得〔尤指觉得坏事可能是事实〕
eg I have no reason to suspect her honesty.
She strongly suspected that he was lying to her.
suspect n. : someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime〔犯罪〕嫌疑人，可疑分子
adj. not likely to be completely true
可疑的; 不可信任的; 不可靠的
eg The suspect is being held at the police station for questioning.
Some of the evidence they produced was highly suspect.
1. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.
本句是强调句。
强调句型的结构：
It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分
当被强调部分指人时，可用who代替that。
在强调句中，被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、状语等，但是通常不能强调谓误和定语。
eg It is Tom that / who is in charge of the class.
It was at the age of 18 that he showed interest in sports.
It is tea that I like to drink, not coffee.
根据要求用强调句型改写所给句子。
Neil met your brother in the school library this afternoon.
1) 强调主语
2) 强调宾语
It was Neil who / that met your brother in the school library this afternoon.
It was your brother who / that Neil met in the school library this afternoon.
3) 强调地点状语
4) 强调时间状语
It was in the school library that Neil met your brother this afternoon.
It was this afternoon that Neil met your brother in the school library.
2. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
It seems / seemed (that) ... 结构 看起来/似乎是……
注意：这一句式中，that常常省略。
eg It seems (that) you were lying.
It seemed (that) they had known what you did.
【拓展】
It seems / seemed as if ... 好像
eg It seems as if we’ll be late.
It seemed as if the end of the world had come.
Below is a summary of the text with some content missing. Choose the right item from the box and make the summary complete. Change the form when necessary.
1831, finch, distant, Galápagos, predict, exist
Charles Darwin, a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree, was chosen to participate in a journey visiting 1. ________ countries yet little known on the Beagle. Though this young man was not the captain's first choice and his father 2. _________ he would be “a disgrace”, he made one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
distant
predicted
The journey which began in 3. ________ gave him a chance to study various living things in their natural environments. This young man raised a question: how did different species come to 4. ________ When the Beagle reached the 5. __________ Islands in 1835, Darwin found the answer to the question of how new species of plants and animals came to exist by observing 6. ________: they evolved from earlier ancestors. Darwin's book, On the Origin of Species, was published in 1859 and has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
1831, finch, distant, Galápagos, predict, exist
1831
exist
Galápagos
finches
1. Read the passage again and retell the passage.
2. Write a summary of the passage.
Thank you