单元检测 Unit 3（含答案）高中英语 人教版（2019）必修一
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| 更新时间 | 2025-10-14 18:27:26 | ||
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单元检测 Unit 3
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
A
Some Cool Sports at the Olympic Games
(2025河北联考)The Olympic Games, or the Olympics, continue to develop, introducing some exciting sports that attract the fans' attention worldwide.
Surfing
In the 1920s, surfing fans began asking for the sport to be added to the Olympic programme. Surfing was included in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Then the famous surfing place, Teahupo'o in Tahiti, has hosted the surfing competition in the Paris 2024 Olympic Games. The speed, power and flow of surfers are important in the games. The variety, type and difficulty of the tricks have also been judged by five judges.
Breaking
Breaking, also known as break dancing, started in the Bronx, New York City, in the 1970s as part of hip-hop culture. It grew as part of the underground culture of the 1980s. Judges score the breakers mainly based on musicality, performance, originality, technique and completion. Each one makes up part of the score.
Skateboarding
Skateboarding began in the US in the 1950s when surf culture was popular. The sport continued to grow and became very popular at the start of the 21st century, especially among young people. After its Olympic debut(首次亮相) at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, skateboarding has been part of the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, held at the famous Place de la Concorde, in Paris.
Sport Climbing
Sport climbing has become very popular over the past 20 years and is done both outdoors and indoors. In 1985, climbers held the first climbing competition in Bardonecchia, Italy. Sport climbing first appeared in the Youth Olympic Games Buenos Aires 2018. After gaining popularity at youth events, it was introduced as a new sport at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.
1. What can we learn about surfing
A. It needs a high level of skill.
B. It made its Olympic debut in 2024.
C. It was added to the Olympics in the 1920s.
D. It has become the most famous sport in Teahupo'o.
2. How many ways do judges mainly consider when scoring breaking
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.
3. What do skateboarding and sport climbing have in common
A. They are only done outside.
B. They are only popular with youths.
C. They made their Tokyo Olympic debut in the same year.
D. They made the first sports competition in Bardonecchia.
B
Dieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have become more health-conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more healthily and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary weight that they may have.
Not only are people being more careful about what they eat, they are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time for each meal. Many avoid the so-called “plastic” fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients in a quiet restaurant with a more comfortable atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interruptions.
While dieting may be viewed as beneficial, it has also become a serious problem for Americans, particularly for young women. Dieting for them has actually become a psychological(心理的) addiction. They eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty per cent of their total body weight, and although they look like skeletons, they still insist that they are fat.
The current wave of exercising, dieting and the problems produced have caused many organisations to begin educating the public. For example, many schools, hospitals, health organisations, newspapers and magazines are offering classes, printing articles and so on to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet, of the dangers of dieting too rapidly, and of the places people can go to for medical help if they find themselves on the road to “diet addiction”.
4. These days people are dieting more because .
A. they are getting fatter and fatter
B. they realise the danger of junk food
C. they grow aware of health
D. they eat more healthily
5. Which way of eating is strongly advised in the passage
A. Enjoying food with phones on.
B. Finishing dinner in a short time.
C. Avoiding a salad or a sandwich.
D. Eating in a relaxed atmosphere.
6. If you are getting into “diet addiction”, what should you do
A. See a doctor. B. Keep dieting.
C. Take exercise. D. Attend classes.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. What organisations are offering medical service.
B. Where people with diet addiction can go for help.
C. How people are helped to solve dieting problems.
D. What causes the organisations to educate the public.
C
(2025湖北黄冈中学质检)Over the last half century, obesity(肥胖症) rates have skyrocketed. In 1962, 46 per cent of adults in the US were considered overweight. By 2010, that figure had jumped to 75 per cent.
Obesity is a complex problem with many causes. But among the likely suspects, sugar is high on the list. A variety of research has drawn a link(联系) between sugar consumption(消耗) and overweight. As sugar consumption has increased, so has our waistline.
“I don't think we have enough evidence yet to suggest that sugar is the reason for obesity,” says Chiadi Ndumele, a cardiologist and assistant professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University. “But there is enough evidence to say that too much sugar consumption is an important contributor to weight gain.”
All those sweet snacks seem to be affecting the heart as well. In a study published in JAMA: Internal Medicine in 2014, researchers compared people who consumed a lot of added sugar accounting for 17 to 21 per cent of their total daily calories with people who ate less sugar—just 8 per cent of their total calories. Those in the high-sugar group had a 38 per cent greater risk of dying from heart disease.
Excess weight increases the risk of many diseases like high blood pressure, high cholesterol and Type 2 diabetes. Research by the team of Ndumele has shown that those factors usually explain the link between obesity and heart disease. “All of those factors make it more likely that someone will develop heart disease,” says Ndumele.
In other words, there are many reasons to aim for a healthy weight. And cutting back on sugar is a good place to start.
8. What does the underlined word “skyrocketed” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Risen quickly. B. Dropped rapidly.
C. Led to many diseases. D. Caught much attention.
9. What's Chiadi Ndumele's attitude towards too much sugar consumption
A. Unsure. B. Negative. C. Unconcerned. D. Supportive.
10. What does the study in JAMA want to show
A. Obesity can cause heart disease.
B. Sugar contributes to weight gain.
C. Heart disease is linked to sugar intake.
D. Overweight increases high blood pressure.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. Obesity—The Heart Killer
B. Less Sugar—A Good Start for Health
C. What to Do with Disease
D. How to Take Care of Your Sweet Teeth
D
“Running is so natural—it's something we've been doing for thousands of years, and it's something very enjoyable.” The words of Tao Geoghegan Hart, a professional(专业的) cyclist. As an ambassador(大使) for The Daily Mile, a movement that calls for one simple thing—15 minutes of daily exercise, where children run, walk, jog or skip one mile—he encourages any form of exercise and movement.
Geoghegan Hart sees schools as a key to setting young people up for life with good sporting habits. “When you're school age, sport can encourage you and take hold of you and change you more than at any other age,” he explains. “Yes, we all go on journeys with sport, but when you look back at those journeys, they start with your childhood.”
One big attraction of taking part in The Daily Mile is that it is a cost-free way in which schools can encourage regular exercise. Geoghegan Hart says he hopes The Daily Mile will encourage children to try and be more active in the future. “Something as simple as The Daily Mile can lead to much more,” he says.
At Cowley Hill Primary School, head teacher Louise Thomas says that they've found the movement has had a very positive influence on the lives of their learners. Charlie Honour, a year-5 teacher and PE subject leader at St Peter's School, says that although the activity takes place out on the field, it has classroom benefits(益处), too. “I find that the children are more willing to complete class work,” says Honour. “I think it is because they know they will soon be outside and getting some fresh air.”
12. What can be learned about The Daily Mile from Paragraph 1
A. It is a sports club. B. It is a cycling race.
C. It is a call for exercise. D. It is a plan for running tests.
13. Why does Geoghegan Hart want children for The Daily Mile
A. They are easily encouraged.
B. They are more likely to benefit.
C. They have more time for sports.
D. They have teachers to coach them.
14. What does Geoghegan Hart expect of The Daily Mile
A. It'll attract more schools to it.
B. It'll start more similar projects.
C. It'll get more support from the government.
D. It'll push children to lead a more active life.
15. What do the two teachers' words show about The Daily Mile
A. Its influence on students. B. Its influence on teachers.
C. Its differences among schools. D. Its differences among players.
第二节 阅读七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
How to Keep Fit
Nowadays, with the rapid pace of modern life, more and more people are in a state of sub-health(亚健康). A healthy body is very important to every one of us. The steps to good health aren't complex. Here are some suggested ways. 16
Form good healthy habits. Better your healthy lifestyle by adopting a variety of healthy habits, including getting enough sleep. Sleep is one of the most important bodily functions to make cells healthy again. 17 Do your best to manage stress through healthy activities. Cutting down on alcohol use, quitting tobacco, and staying connected with friends and family members can also keep you healthier.
Do exercise. I don't know whether you discover that most of the ancient people are healthy. 18 It is approximately equal to doing exercise every day. If people want to be healthy, they had better do exercise frequently. As for what kind of exercise you should take, I would say just depending on yourselves. If you are a busy person and have no special time allocated to do these things, there are still some useful ways to keep fit. The easiest way is to walk to your office instead of taking a bus.
19 People in modern society have many food choices. What people pick the most is meat and high caloric(热量的) food. Those foods can easily make people get fat. 20 Therefore, keeping a good diet is necessary, which means eating more fruits and vegetables in the meat world. However, this doesn't mean you have to completely give up your favourite foods. A healthy diet is all about balance.
A. Keep a good diet.
B. And then the health problem comes.
C. Realise the importance of keeping fit.
D. You should get at least six hours of sleep a night.
E. If you try, a life of good quality will be the reward.
F. The reason is that they have to do labour work every day.
G. It is said that keeping a good mood will lead to a good body.
第二部分 语言运用(共四节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
Healthy eating is important. Over the past ten years, people have increasingly realised they need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat does no 21 to their health. As a result, there has been a growing interest in 22 foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives(添加剂); foods which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in 23 today.
Natural foods are vegetables, fruit and grain grown in their natural way. The 24 soil is full of organic matter because people use organic fertilizers. It is the organic fertilizers that 25 the soil with vitamins and minerals. Differently, there is only the 26 of chemical fertilizers in the commercial farming. It is merely to increase the amount of foods—not the 27 .
Natural foods also include animals. These animals have been allowed to feed and move 28 on healthy farms. This is different from what happens in the mass production such as 29 farms. There thousands of chickens live 30 together in one building and are fed on rubbish food. Chickens there are not only tasteless as food, but they also produce eggs which 31 important vitamins.
There're other sides of healthy eating. They're now getting more attention of experts on 32 —people who suggest balanced meals. Take the problem of 33 for example. This is actually unnecessary food. Although sugar itself is not harmful, it does seem to be addictive(上瘾的), so the quantity we use has 34 steadily over the last two centuries! Yet it only provides us with 35 , in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals, and no fibre.
21. A. benefit B. good C. harm D. support
22. A. healthy B. nice C. nutritious D. natural
23. A. farming B. industry C. fishing D. forestry
24. A. plenty B. rich C. enough D. adequate
25. A. makes B. offers C. provides D. gives
26. A. use B. presence C. appearance D. improvement
27. A. quantity B. taste C. health D. quality
28. A. carefully B. peacefully C. aimlessly D. freely
29. A. wildlife B. chicken C. farmers D. vegetables
30. A. crowded B. excited C. terrified D. frightened
31. A. lack B. contain C. have D. get
32. A. diet B. growth C. medicine D. products
33. A. healthy eating B. natural foods C. sugar D. chicken
34. A. developed B. grown C. spread D. behaved
35. A. food B. energy C. strength D. power
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Cyclist Agustin Navarro was coming fourth in the contest in Spain. But as he got close to the finish line, 36 (sudden) he saw that his competitor had suffered puncture(轮胎上刺破的小孔). Ismael Esteban was running toward the line 37 his bike over his shoulders. Mr Navarro slowed down and refused 38 (pass) him. Instead, he rode behind Mr Esteban, 39 (allow) him to win the bronze medal.
The people standing along the way applauded(鼓掌) Mr Navarro's 40 (behave) and cheered the two men as they made it over the finish line— 41 , on foot, the other, on his bike. Mr Esteban later tried 42 (give) the prize to Mr Navarro, but he refused it.
Mr Navarro 43 (praise) online for his unusual act and he told people that he didn't want to win like that. That's 44 the spirit in sport lies: respect competitors, teammates, 45 (coach) and even themselves.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三节 单词拼写(共 5小题;每小题 1分,满分 5 分)
46. The college is playing (东道主) to a group of visiting Russian scientists.
47. The doctor put me on a low-salt (饮食) to reduce my blood pressure.
48. I became out of breath and the once (受伤的) ankle hurt badly.
49. We're only a small business and don't have the strength to (竞争) with the big boys.
50. Many people feel (欺骗) by the company's refusal to hold a meeting to discuss the event.
第四节 翻译句子(共 5小题;每小题 2分,满分 10 分)
51. 我父母总是强调保持均衡饮食的重要性。(stress)
52. 与汤姆的英语相比,你的英语好得多。(compare)
53. 即使每天锻炼对我来说很困难,我也会继续而不放弃。(rather than)
54. 这位足球队队长似乎要崩溃了,你最好鼓励他不要泄气。(seem)
55. 就我而言,均衡的饮食对我们的健康有很大的影响。(concern; make a difference)
第三部分 写作(满分25分)
假如你是李华,你的朋友Tom给你来信说近期由于饮食问题而身体不适,影响了学习和生活。请你按下面的要求给他写封信,建议他养成良好的饮食习惯。
1. 健康饮食的重要性;
2. 吃健康早餐;远离含脂肪、油、糖多的食物,多吃蔬菜和水果;
3. 饮食均衡、有规律。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
Yours,
Li Hua
单元检测 Unit 3
第一部分 阅读
第一节 阅读理解
A
本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了奥林匹克运动会上的一些很酷的运动项目。
1. A 细节理解题。根据Surfing部分最后两句“The speed, power and flow of surfers are important in the games. The variety, type and difficulty of the tricks have also been judged by five judges.”可知,冲浪需要很高的技巧水平。
2. C 细节理解题。根据Breaking部分最后两句“Judges score the breakers mainly based on musicality, performance, originality, technique and completion. Each one makes up part of the score.”可知,评委主要从音乐性、表现力、独创性、技巧和完成度方面对霹雳舞进行评分,共5个方面。
3. C 细节理解题。根据Skateboarding部分最后一句中的After its Olympic debut at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games和Sport Climbing部分最后一句“After gaining popularity at youth events, it was introduced as a new sport at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.”可知,滑板和运动攀岩这两个项目均在2020东京奥运会上首次亮相。
B
本文是一篇说明文。如今人们更有健康意识,并努力通过更健康的饮食和更有规律的锻炼来减肥,以保证身体的健康。但是也有一些年轻女士节食上瘾,因此社会各组织为人们提出了相关建议。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“People have become more health-conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more healthily and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary weight that they may have.”可知,人们节食是因为健康意识增强。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Many...choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients in a quiet restaurant with a more comfortable atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interruptions.”可知,本文强烈推荐在轻松的氛围中用餐。
6. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“...many schools, hospitals, health organisations, newspapers and magazines are offering classes, printing articles and so on to inform the public... of the places people can go to for medical help if they find themselves on the road to ‘diet addiction’.”可知,如果你开始节食上瘾,应该去看医生。
7. C 段落大意题。最后一段第一句提到many organisations to begin educating the public并在下文提供具体方式(如开设课程、发表文章、指导安全节食方法、提供医疗帮助途径),核心是如何帮助解决节食问题。
C
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了肥胖率上升这一现象,探讨了糖摄入与肥胖之间的可能联系,以及肥胖和过多糖摄入对健康的影响。
8. A 词义猜测题。根据下文“In 1962, 46 per cent of adults in the US were considered overweight. By 2010, that figure had jumped to 75 per cent.”可知,在过去的半个世纪里,肥胖率从46%上升到75%,属于“急剧上升”。画线词skyrocketed和A项Risen quickly意思相近。
9. B 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,Chiadi Ndumele认为虽然没有足够的证据表明糖是肥胖的原因,但是有足够的证据表明,摄入过多的糖是导致体重增加的重要因素。由此推知,他对摄入过多糖持否定态度。
10. C 推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句可知, 2014年发表在《美国医学会杂志:内科医学》上的一项研究中,研究人员将摄入大量添加糖(占每日总热量的17%至21%)的人与摄入较少糖(仅占总热量的8%)的人进行了比较。高糖组的人死于心脏病的风险高出38%。该研究表明心脏病与糖的摄入有关。
11. B 标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是最后一段“In other words, there are many reasons to aim for a healthy weight. And cutting back on sugar is a good place to start.”可知,本文主要介绍了糖摄入与肥胖之间的可能联系,以及肥胖和过多糖摄入对健康的影响。换句话说,我们有很多理由追求健康的体重,减少糖的摄入是一个很好的开始。故B项“Less Sugar—A Good Start for Health(少吃糖——健康的良好开端)”为本文最佳标题。
D
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了“每日一英里”运动。
12. C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“As an ambassador for The Daily Mile, a movement that calls for one simple thing—15 minutes of daily exercise, where children run, walk, jog or skip one mile—he encourages any form of exercise and movement.”可知,“每日一英里”号召和鼓励任何形式的锻炼和运动。
13. A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When you're school age, sport can encourage you and take hold of you and change you more than at any other age...”和第三段第二句“Geoghegan Hart says he hopes The Daily Mile will encourage children to try and be more active in the future.”可知,Geoghegan Hart想让孩子们参与“每日一英里”运动,因为孩子们很容易被鼓励。
14. D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Geoghegan Hart says he hopes The Daily Mile will encourage children to try and be more active in the future.”可推知,Geoghegan Hart希望“每日一英里”运动能鼓励孩子们在未来更积极地尝试,更积极地生活。
15. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句可知,校长Louise Thomas说,他们发现这项运动对学生的生活产生了巨大的积极影响。五年级教师兼体育学科带头人Charlie Honour说,尽管这项活动是在操场上进行的,但它在课堂上也有益处。由此可知,“每日一英里”运动对学生产生了积极的影响。
第二节 阅读七选五
本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何保持健康给出了一些建议。
16. E 根据上文“The steps to good health aren't complex. Here are some suggested ways.”可知,保持健康的方法并不复杂。如果我们尝试这些方法,一定会有所回报。故选E项,为总结性过渡句,承上启下。
17. D 根据上一句“Sleep is one of the most important bodily functions to make cells healthy again.”可知,睡眠对细胞恢复健康至关重要。后续需要补充具体建议,故选D项“我们每天需要至少6个小时的睡眠时间”。
18. F 根据上一句“I don't know whether you discover that most of the ancient people are healthy.”可知,大多数古人都是健康的。此处承接上文,介绍产生这种现象的原因,故选F项“原因就是他们每天必须从事体力劳动”。
19. A 此处是本段主题句。根据下文关键句“Therefore, keeping a good diet is necessary, which means eating more fruits and vegetables in the meat world.”可知,本段主要是建议人们保持良好的饮食。故选A项。
20. B 根据上文“What people pick the most is meat and high caloric food. Those foods can easily make people get fat.”可知,人们最喜欢的是肉类和高热量食物。这些食物很容易使人发胖。此处承接上文,介绍这种饮食习惯带来的后果,故选B项“然后,健康问题就来了”。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
本文是一篇说明文。文章指出改变饮食习惯,选择有机产品的必要性,并通过对有机食品生产过程的分析,指出有机食品的优点。最后以糖为例,说明健康饮食的其他方面。
21. B 人们日益意识到他们需要改变饮食习惯,因为他们吃的许多食品对健康无益。do no good to 对……无益。
22. D 因此,人们对天然食品的兴趣越来越大。下文中Natural foods是提示。healthy健康的;nice宜人的;nutritious有营养的;natural自然的,天然的。
23. A 根据常识可知,化肥应该是用于农业(farming)生产的。
24. B 句意:肥沃的(rich)土壤富含有机物质,因为人们使用有机肥。
25. C 句意:有机肥为土壤提供了维生素和矿物质。provide sb./sth. with sth. 给某人/某物提供某物。
26. A 句意:不同的是,在商业化农业中只会使用(use)化肥。
27. D 句意:这仅仅是为了增加食物的数量,而不是提高食物的质量。quantity量,数量;taste味道;health健康,卫生;quality质量,品质。
28. D 有机农场的动物自由进食和走动。carefully小心地;peacefully平静地;aimlessly漫无目的地;freely自由地。
29. B 句意:这不同于像养鸡场这样的大批量生产。下一句中提到的chickens是提示。
30. A 句意:那里有成千上万只鸡挤在一幢楼里,以垃圾食品为生。crowded拥挤的。
31. A 句意:那里的鸡不仅没有什么味道,它们生的蛋也缺乏重要的维生素。lack缺乏,不足;contain 包含。
32. A 句意:它们现在越来越受到饮食专家的关注。diet饮食;growth增长,生长;medicine医学;product产品。
33. C 根据下文提到的sugar可知,此处表示以糖的问题为例。
34. B 句意:因此,我们使用糖的数量在过去两个世纪稳步增长。develop 开发;grow 增加;spread传播,散布;behave表现。
35. B 句意:然而,它只以卡路里的形式为我们提供能量。food食物;energy能量;strength力量,力气;power力量。
第二节 语法填空
本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了自行车车手Agustin Navarro在比赛中尊重竞争对手的故事。
36. suddenly 考查副词。此处作状语,修饰后面的动词saw,要用副词,故填suddenly。
37. with 考查介词。此处是with的复合结构(with+名词+介词短语)作伴随状语。
38. to pass 考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事。
39. allowing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处要用现在分词作结果状语,故填allowing。
40. behaviour/behavior 考查名词。根据所有格Mr Navarro's可知用名词,故填behaviour/behavior。
41. one 考查固定结构。one...the other... 一个……另一个……
42. to give 考查非谓语动词。try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事。
43. was praised 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,动词praise和主语Mr Navarro(单数)之间为被动关系,要用被动语态;此处讲述过去发生的事,要用一般过去时。故填was praised。
44. where 考查名词性从句。句意:这就是体育精神的所在:尊重竞争对手、队友、教练,甚至是他们自己。分析句子可知,此处引导表语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
45. coaches 考查名词单复数。此处和前面的competitors, teammates为并列关系,要用复数形式,故填coaches。
第三节 单词拼写
46. host 47. diet 48. injured pete 50. cheated
第四节 翻译句子
51. My parents always stress the importance of keeping a balanced diet.
52. Compared with Tom's English, yours is much better.
53. Even if it's difficult for me to work out every day, I would continue rather than give up.
54. The captain of the football team seems to fall apart and you'd better encourage him not to lose heart.
55. As far as I'm concerned, a balanced diet can make a great difference to our health.
第三部分 写作
Dear Tom,
I'm sorry to hear that you are not well recently and I advise that you should have a healthy eating habit.
First, you ought to start a day with a healthy breakfast. It will improve your performance at school. Second, you'd better keep away from the food that is rich in fat, oil and sugar, eat more fruit and vegetables and keep a balanced diet. Last, you should eat meals regularly every day.
In a word, healthy eating habits will keep you active and help you have a healthy lifestyle.
Yours,
Li Hua
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
A
Some Cool Sports at the Olympic Games
(2025河北联考)The Olympic Games, or the Olympics, continue to develop, introducing some exciting sports that attract the fans' attention worldwide.
Surfing
In the 1920s, surfing fans began asking for the sport to be added to the Olympic programme. Surfing was included in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Then the famous surfing place, Teahupo'o in Tahiti, has hosted the surfing competition in the Paris 2024 Olympic Games. The speed, power and flow of surfers are important in the games. The variety, type and difficulty of the tricks have also been judged by five judges.
Breaking
Breaking, also known as break dancing, started in the Bronx, New York City, in the 1970s as part of hip-hop culture. It grew as part of the underground culture of the 1980s. Judges score the breakers mainly based on musicality, performance, originality, technique and completion. Each one makes up part of the score.
Skateboarding
Skateboarding began in the US in the 1950s when surf culture was popular. The sport continued to grow and became very popular at the start of the 21st century, especially among young people. After its Olympic debut(首次亮相) at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, skateboarding has been part of the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, held at the famous Place de la Concorde, in Paris.
Sport Climbing
Sport climbing has become very popular over the past 20 years and is done both outdoors and indoors. In 1985, climbers held the first climbing competition in Bardonecchia, Italy. Sport climbing first appeared in the Youth Olympic Games Buenos Aires 2018. After gaining popularity at youth events, it was introduced as a new sport at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.
1. What can we learn about surfing
A. It needs a high level of skill.
B. It made its Olympic debut in 2024.
C. It was added to the Olympics in the 1920s.
D. It has become the most famous sport in Teahupo'o.
2. How many ways do judges mainly consider when scoring breaking
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.
3. What do skateboarding and sport climbing have in common
A. They are only done outside.
B. They are only popular with youths.
C. They made their Tokyo Olympic debut in the same year.
D. They made the first sports competition in Bardonecchia.
B
Dieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have become more health-conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more healthily and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary weight that they may have.
Not only are people being more careful about what they eat, they are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time for each meal. Many avoid the so-called “plastic” fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients in a quiet restaurant with a more comfortable atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interruptions.
While dieting may be viewed as beneficial, it has also become a serious problem for Americans, particularly for young women. Dieting for them has actually become a psychological(心理的) addiction. They eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty per cent of their total body weight, and although they look like skeletons, they still insist that they are fat.
The current wave of exercising, dieting and the problems produced have caused many organisations to begin educating the public. For example, many schools, hospitals, health organisations, newspapers and magazines are offering classes, printing articles and so on to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet, of the dangers of dieting too rapidly, and of the places people can go to for medical help if they find themselves on the road to “diet addiction”.
4. These days people are dieting more because .
A. they are getting fatter and fatter
B. they realise the danger of junk food
C. they grow aware of health
D. they eat more healthily
5. Which way of eating is strongly advised in the passage
A. Enjoying food with phones on.
B. Finishing dinner in a short time.
C. Avoiding a salad or a sandwich.
D. Eating in a relaxed atmosphere.
6. If you are getting into “diet addiction”, what should you do
A. See a doctor. B. Keep dieting.
C. Take exercise. D. Attend classes.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. What organisations are offering medical service.
B. Where people with diet addiction can go for help.
C. How people are helped to solve dieting problems.
D. What causes the organisations to educate the public.
C
(2025湖北黄冈中学质检)Over the last half century, obesity(肥胖症) rates have skyrocketed. In 1962, 46 per cent of adults in the US were considered overweight. By 2010, that figure had jumped to 75 per cent.
Obesity is a complex problem with many causes. But among the likely suspects, sugar is high on the list. A variety of research has drawn a link(联系) between sugar consumption(消耗) and overweight. As sugar consumption has increased, so has our waistline.
“I don't think we have enough evidence yet to suggest that sugar is the reason for obesity,” says Chiadi Ndumele, a cardiologist and assistant professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University. “But there is enough evidence to say that too much sugar consumption is an important contributor to weight gain.”
All those sweet snacks seem to be affecting the heart as well. In a study published in JAMA: Internal Medicine in 2014, researchers compared people who consumed a lot of added sugar accounting for 17 to 21 per cent of their total daily calories with people who ate less sugar—just 8 per cent of their total calories. Those in the high-sugar group had a 38 per cent greater risk of dying from heart disease.
Excess weight increases the risk of many diseases like high blood pressure, high cholesterol and Type 2 diabetes. Research by the team of Ndumele has shown that those factors usually explain the link between obesity and heart disease. “All of those factors make it more likely that someone will develop heart disease,” says Ndumele.
In other words, there are many reasons to aim for a healthy weight. And cutting back on sugar is a good place to start.
8. What does the underlined word “skyrocketed” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Risen quickly. B. Dropped rapidly.
C. Led to many diseases. D. Caught much attention.
9. What's Chiadi Ndumele's attitude towards too much sugar consumption
A. Unsure. B. Negative. C. Unconcerned. D. Supportive.
10. What does the study in JAMA want to show
A. Obesity can cause heart disease.
B. Sugar contributes to weight gain.
C. Heart disease is linked to sugar intake.
D. Overweight increases high blood pressure.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. Obesity—The Heart Killer
B. Less Sugar—A Good Start for Health
C. What to Do with Disease
D. How to Take Care of Your Sweet Teeth
D
“Running is so natural—it's something we've been doing for thousands of years, and it's something very enjoyable.” The words of Tao Geoghegan Hart, a professional(专业的) cyclist. As an ambassador(大使) for The Daily Mile, a movement that calls for one simple thing—15 minutes of daily exercise, where children run, walk, jog or skip one mile—he encourages any form of exercise and movement.
Geoghegan Hart sees schools as a key to setting young people up for life with good sporting habits. “When you're school age, sport can encourage you and take hold of you and change you more than at any other age,” he explains. “Yes, we all go on journeys with sport, but when you look back at those journeys, they start with your childhood.”
One big attraction of taking part in The Daily Mile is that it is a cost-free way in which schools can encourage regular exercise. Geoghegan Hart says he hopes The Daily Mile will encourage children to try and be more active in the future. “Something as simple as The Daily Mile can lead to much more,” he says.
At Cowley Hill Primary School, head teacher Louise Thomas says that they've found the movement has had a very positive influence on the lives of their learners. Charlie Honour, a year-5 teacher and PE subject leader at St Peter's School, says that although the activity takes place out on the field, it has classroom benefits(益处), too. “I find that the children are more willing to complete class work,” says Honour. “I think it is because they know they will soon be outside and getting some fresh air.”
12. What can be learned about The Daily Mile from Paragraph 1
A. It is a sports club. B. It is a cycling race.
C. It is a call for exercise. D. It is a plan for running tests.
13. Why does Geoghegan Hart want children for The Daily Mile
A. They are easily encouraged.
B. They are more likely to benefit.
C. They have more time for sports.
D. They have teachers to coach them.
14. What does Geoghegan Hart expect of The Daily Mile
A. It'll attract more schools to it.
B. It'll start more similar projects.
C. It'll get more support from the government.
D. It'll push children to lead a more active life.
15. What do the two teachers' words show about The Daily Mile
A. Its influence on students. B. Its influence on teachers.
C. Its differences among schools. D. Its differences among players.
第二节 阅读七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
How to Keep Fit
Nowadays, with the rapid pace of modern life, more and more people are in a state of sub-health(亚健康). A healthy body is very important to every one of us. The steps to good health aren't complex. Here are some suggested ways. 16
Form good healthy habits. Better your healthy lifestyle by adopting a variety of healthy habits, including getting enough sleep. Sleep is one of the most important bodily functions to make cells healthy again. 17 Do your best to manage stress through healthy activities. Cutting down on alcohol use, quitting tobacco, and staying connected with friends and family members can also keep you healthier.
Do exercise. I don't know whether you discover that most of the ancient people are healthy. 18 It is approximately equal to doing exercise every day. If people want to be healthy, they had better do exercise frequently. As for what kind of exercise you should take, I would say just depending on yourselves. If you are a busy person and have no special time allocated to do these things, there are still some useful ways to keep fit. The easiest way is to walk to your office instead of taking a bus.
19 People in modern society have many food choices. What people pick the most is meat and high caloric(热量的) food. Those foods can easily make people get fat. 20 Therefore, keeping a good diet is necessary, which means eating more fruits and vegetables in the meat world. However, this doesn't mean you have to completely give up your favourite foods. A healthy diet is all about balance.
A. Keep a good diet.
B. And then the health problem comes.
C. Realise the importance of keeping fit.
D. You should get at least six hours of sleep a night.
E. If you try, a life of good quality will be the reward.
F. The reason is that they have to do labour work every day.
G. It is said that keeping a good mood will lead to a good body.
第二部分 语言运用(共四节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
Healthy eating is important. Over the past ten years, people have increasingly realised they need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat does no 21 to their health. As a result, there has been a growing interest in 22 foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives(添加剂); foods which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in 23 today.
Natural foods are vegetables, fruit and grain grown in their natural way. The 24 soil is full of organic matter because people use organic fertilizers. It is the organic fertilizers that 25 the soil with vitamins and minerals. Differently, there is only the 26 of chemical fertilizers in the commercial farming. It is merely to increase the amount of foods—not the 27 .
Natural foods also include animals. These animals have been allowed to feed and move 28 on healthy farms. This is different from what happens in the mass production such as 29 farms. There thousands of chickens live 30 together in one building and are fed on rubbish food. Chickens there are not only tasteless as food, but they also produce eggs which 31 important vitamins.
There're other sides of healthy eating. They're now getting more attention of experts on 32 —people who suggest balanced meals. Take the problem of 33 for example. This is actually unnecessary food. Although sugar itself is not harmful, it does seem to be addictive(上瘾的), so the quantity we use has 34 steadily over the last two centuries! Yet it only provides us with 35 , in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals, and no fibre.
21. A. benefit B. good C. harm D. support
22. A. healthy B. nice C. nutritious D. natural
23. A. farming B. industry C. fishing D. forestry
24. A. plenty B. rich C. enough D. adequate
25. A. makes B. offers C. provides D. gives
26. A. use B. presence C. appearance D. improvement
27. A. quantity B. taste C. health D. quality
28. A. carefully B. peacefully C. aimlessly D. freely
29. A. wildlife B. chicken C. farmers D. vegetables
30. A. crowded B. excited C. terrified D. frightened
31. A. lack B. contain C. have D. get
32. A. diet B. growth C. medicine D. products
33. A. healthy eating B. natural foods C. sugar D. chicken
34. A. developed B. grown C. spread D. behaved
35. A. food B. energy C. strength D. power
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Cyclist Agustin Navarro was coming fourth in the contest in Spain. But as he got close to the finish line, 36 (sudden) he saw that his competitor had suffered puncture(轮胎上刺破的小孔). Ismael Esteban was running toward the line 37 his bike over his shoulders. Mr Navarro slowed down and refused 38 (pass) him. Instead, he rode behind Mr Esteban, 39 (allow) him to win the bronze medal.
The people standing along the way applauded(鼓掌) Mr Navarro's 40 (behave) and cheered the two men as they made it over the finish line— 41 , on foot, the other, on his bike. Mr Esteban later tried 42 (give) the prize to Mr Navarro, but he refused it.
Mr Navarro 43 (praise) online for his unusual act and he told people that he didn't want to win like that. That's 44 the spirit in sport lies: respect competitors, teammates, 45 (coach) and even themselves.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三节 单词拼写(共 5小题;每小题 1分,满分 5 分)
46. The college is playing (东道主) to a group of visiting Russian scientists.
47. The doctor put me on a low-salt (饮食) to reduce my blood pressure.
48. I became out of breath and the once (受伤的) ankle hurt badly.
49. We're only a small business and don't have the strength to (竞争) with the big boys.
50. Many people feel (欺骗) by the company's refusal to hold a meeting to discuss the event.
第四节 翻译句子(共 5小题;每小题 2分,满分 10 分)
51. 我父母总是强调保持均衡饮食的重要性。(stress)
52. 与汤姆的英语相比,你的英语好得多。(compare)
53. 即使每天锻炼对我来说很困难,我也会继续而不放弃。(rather than)
54. 这位足球队队长似乎要崩溃了,你最好鼓励他不要泄气。(seem)
55. 就我而言,均衡的饮食对我们的健康有很大的影响。(concern; make a difference)
第三部分 写作(满分25分)
假如你是李华,你的朋友Tom给你来信说近期由于饮食问题而身体不适,影响了学习和生活。请你按下面的要求给他写封信,建议他养成良好的饮食习惯。
1. 健康饮食的重要性;
2. 吃健康早餐;远离含脂肪、油、糖多的食物,多吃蔬菜和水果;
3. 饮食均衡、有规律。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
Yours,
Li Hua
单元检测 Unit 3
第一部分 阅读
第一节 阅读理解
A
本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了奥林匹克运动会上的一些很酷的运动项目。
1. A 细节理解题。根据Surfing部分最后两句“The speed, power and flow of surfers are important in the games. The variety, type and difficulty of the tricks have also been judged by five judges.”可知,冲浪需要很高的技巧水平。
2. C 细节理解题。根据Breaking部分最后两句“Judges score the breakers mainly based on musicality, performance, originality, technique and completion. Each one makes up part of the score.”可知,评委主要从音乐性、表现力、独创性、技巧和完成度方面对霹雳舞进行评分,共5个方面。
3. C 细节理解题。根据Skateboarding部分最后一句中的After its Olympic debut at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games和Sport Climbing部分最后一句“After gaining popularity at youth events, it was introduced as a new sport at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.”可知,滑板和运动攀岩这两个项目均在2020东京奥运会上首次亮相。
B
本文是一篇说明文。如今人们更有健康意识,并努力通过更健康的饮食和更有规律的锻炼来减肥,以保证身体的健康。但是也有一些年轻女士节食上瘾,因此社会各组织为人们提出了相关建议。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“People have become more health-conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more healthily and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary weight that they may have.”可知,人们节食是因为健康意识增强。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Many...choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients in a quiet restaurant with a more comfortable atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interruptions.”可知,本文强烈推荐在轻松的氛围中用餐。
6. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“...many schools, hospitals, health organisations, newspapers and magazines are offering classes, printing articles and so on to inform the public... of the places people can go to for medical help if they find themselves on the road to ‘diet addiction’.”可知,如果你开始节食上瘾,应该去看医生。
7. C 段落大意题。最后一段第一句提到many organisations to begin educating the public并在下文提供具体方式(如开设课程、发表文章、指导安全节食方法、提供医疗帮助途径),核心是如何帮助解决节食问题。
C
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了肥胖率上升这一现象,探讨了糖摄入与肥胖之间的可能联系,以及肥胖和过多糖摄入对健康的影响。
8. A 词义猜测题。根据下文“In 1962, 46 per cent of adults in the US were considered overweight. By 2010, that figure had jumped to 75 per cent.”可知,在过去的半个世纪里,肥胖率从46%上升到75%,属于“急剧上升”。画线词skyrocketed和A项Risen quickly意思相近。
9. B 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,Chiadi Ndumele认为虽然没有足够的证据表明糖是肥胖的原因,但是有足够的证据表明,摄入过多的糖是导致体重增加的重要因素。由此推知,他对摄入过多糖持否定态度。
10. C 推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句可知, 2014年发表在《美国医学会杂志:内科医学》上的一项研究中,研究人员将摄入大量添加糖(占每日总热量的17%至21%)的人与摄入较少糖(仅占总热量的8%)的人进行了比较。高糖组的人死于心脏病的风险高出38%。该研究表明心脏病与糖的摄入有关。
11. B 标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是最后一段“In other words, there are many reasons to aim for a healthy weight. And cutting back on sugar is a good place to start.”可知,本文主要介绍了糖摄入与肥胖之间的可能联系,以及肥胖和过多糖摄入对健康的影响。换句话说,我们有很多理由追求健康的体重,减少糖的摄入是一个很好的开始。故B项“Less Sugar—A Good Start for Health(少吃糖——健康的良好开端)”为本文最佳标题。
D
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了“每日一英里”运动。
12. C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“As an ambassador for The Daily Mile, a movement that calls for one simple thing—15 minutes of daily exercise, where children run, walk, jog or skip one mile—he encourages any form of exercise and movement.”可知,“每日一英里”号召和鼓励任何形式的锻炼和运动。
13. A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When you're school age, sport can encourage you and take hold of you and change you more than at any other age...”和第三段第二句“Geoghegan Hart says he hopes The Daily Mile will encourage children to try and be more active in the future.”可知,Geoghegan Hart想让孩子们参与“每日一英里”运动,因为孩子们很容易被鼓励。
14. D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Geoghegan Hart says he hopes The Daily Mile will encourage children to try and be more active in the future.”可推知,Geoghegan Hart希望“每日一英里”运动能鼓励孩子们在未来更积极地尝试,更积极地生活。
15. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句可知,校长Louise Thomas说,他们发现这项运动对学生的生活产生了巨大的积极影响。五年级教师兼体育学科带头人Charlie Honour说,尽管这项活动是在操场上进行的,但它在课堂上也有益处。由此可知,“每日一英里”运动对学生产生了积极的影响。
第二节 阅读七选五
本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何保持健康给出了一些建议。
16. E 根据上文“The steps to good health aren't complex. Here are some suggested ways.”可知,保持健康的方法并不复杂。如果我们尝试这些方法,一定会有所回报。故选E项,为总结性过渡句,承上启下。
17. D 根据上一句“Sleep is one of the most important bodily functions to make cells healthy again.”可知,睡眠对细胞恢复健康至关重要。后续需要补充具体建议,故选D项“我们每天需要至少6个小时的睡眠时间”。
18. F 根据上一句“I don't know whether you discover that most of the ancient people are healthy.”可知,大多数古人都是健康的。此处承接上文,介绍产生这种现象的原因,故选F项“原因就是他们每天必须从事体力劳动”。
19. A 此处是本段主题句。根据下文关键句“Therefore, keeping a good diet is necessary, which means eating more fruits and vegetables in the meat world.”可知,本段主要是建议人们保持良好的饮食。故选A项。
20. B 根据上文“What people pick the most is meat and high caloric food. Those foods can easily make people get fat.”可知,人们最喜欢的是肉类和高热量食物。这些食物很容易使人发胖。此处承接上文,介绍这种饮食习惯带来的后果,故选B项“然后,健康问题就来了”。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
本文是一篇说明文。文章指出改变饮食习惯,选择有机产品的必要性,并通过对有机食品生产过程的分析,指出有机食品的优点。最后以糖为例,说明健康饮食的其他方面。
21. B 人们日益意识到他们需要改变饮食习惯,因为他们吃的许多食品对健康无益。do no good to 对……无益。
22. D 因此,人们对天然食品的兴趣越来越大。下文中Natural foods是提示。healthy健康的;nice宜人的;nutritious有营养的;natural自然的,天然的。
23. A 根据常识可知,化肥应该是用于农业(farming)生产的。
24. B 句意:肥沃的(rich)土壤富含有机物质,因为人们使用有机肥。
25. C 句意:有机肥为土壤提供了维生素和矿物质。provide sb./sth. with sth. 给某人/某物提供某物。
26. A 句意:不同的是,在商业化农业中只会使用(use)化肥。
27. D 句意:这仅仅是为了增加食物的数量,而不是提高食物的质量。quantity量,数量;taste味道;health健康,卫生;quality质量,品质。
28. D 有机农场的动物自由进食和走动。carefully小心地;peacefully平静地;aimlessly漫无目的地;freely自由地。
29. B 句意:这不同于像养鸡场这样的大批量生产。下一句中提到的chickens是提示。
30. A 句意:那里有成千上万只鸡挤在一幢楼里,以垃圾食品为生。crowded拥挤的。
31. A 句意:那里的鸡不仅没有什么味道,它们生的蛋也缺乏重要的维生素。lack缺乏,不足;contain 包含。
32. A 句意:它们现在越来越受到饮食专家的关注。diet饮食;growth增长,生长;medicine医学;product产品。
33. C 根据下文提到的sugar可知,此处表示以糖的问题为例。
34. B 句意:因此,我们使用糖的数量在过去两个世纪稳步增长。develop 开发;grow 增加;spread传播,散布;behave表现。
35. B 句意:然而,它只以卡路里的形式为我们提供能量。food食物;energy能量;strength力量,力气;power力量。
第二节 语法填空
本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了自行车车手Agustin Navarro在比赛中尊重竞争对手的故事。
36. suddenly 考查副词。此处作状语,修饰后面的动词saw,要用副词,故填suddenly。
37. with 考查介词。此处是with的复合结构(with+名词+介词短语)作伴随状语。
38. to pass 考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事。
39. allowing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处要用现在分词作结果状语,故填allowing。
40. behaviour/behavior 考查名词。根据所有格Mr Navarro's可知用名词,故填behaviour/behavior。
41. one 考查固定结构。one...the other... 一个……另一个……
42. to give 考查非谓语动词。try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事。
43. was praised 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,动词praise和主语Mr Navarro(单数)之间为被动关系,要用被动语态;此处讲述过去发生的事,要用一般过去时。故填was praised。
44. where 考查名词性从句。句意:这就是体育精神的所在:尊重竞争对手、队友、教练,甚至是他们自己。分析句子可知,此处引导表语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
45. coaches 考查名词单复数。此处和前面的competitors, teammates为并列关系,要用复数形式,故填coaches。
第三节 单词拼写
46. host 47. diet 48. injured pete 50. cheated
第四节 翻译句子
51. My parents always stress the importance of keeping a balanced diet.
52. Compared with Tom's English, yours is much better.
53. Even if it's difficult for me to work out every day, I would continue rather than give up.
54. The captain of the football team seems to fall apart and you'd better encourage him not to lose heart.
55. As far as I'm concerned, a balanced diet can make a great difference to our health.
第三部分 写作
Dear Tom,
I'm sorry to hear that you are not well recently and I advise that you should have a healthy eating habit.
First, you ought to start a day with a healthy breakfast. It will improve your performance at school. Second, you'd better keep away from the food that is rich in fat, oil and sugar, eat more fruit and vegetables and keep a balanced diet. Last, you should eat meals regularly every day.
In a word, healthy eating habits will keep you active and help you have a healthy lifestyle.
Yours,
Li Hua