【期中考点培优】专题12 阅读理解（含答案解析）-2025-2026学年九年级英语上册期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版

/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级英语上册期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版
专题12 阅读理解
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
In the autumn of 2024, Chinese people living in cities fell in love with a new outdoor (户外的) activity: jiǎn qiū, which means “picking autumn”. So, what did they pick up
Traditionally, jiǎn qiū means the act of farmers collecting leftover crops (残留的农作物). But today, with the change of lifestyle, it has become a new way of exploring the outdoors. As temperatures fall, people head into parks and other outdoor areas to collect fallen leaves, fruits, and other natural things and take photos to record the beautiful scenes of the season.
After collecting leaves and other natural things, people creatively show off their findings. For example, some people make specimens (标本) of what they had picked up to record them.
Compared with the rising interest in sports, jiǎn qiū is much more relaxing. Through exploring the mountains and parks, one can not only enjoy the beauty of autumn but also forget the stress of daily life. “I get close to nature and feel the changing seasons,” said a lady picking up fallen leaves in the park.
1．What is the traditional meaning of jiǎn qiū
A．Exploring the outdoors. B．Organizing tourism activities.
C．Taking photos of beautiful views. D．Collecting leftover crops.
2．What do people usually do during jiǎn qiū nowadays
A．Join in outdoor sports. B．Travel a long journey for fun.
C．Collect plants in the countryside. D．Collect natural things and record the season.
3．What is the theme (主题) of the passage
A．Outdoor activity. B．Animal world.
C．Delicious food. D．Different cultures.
配对阅读。左栏是五个人庆祝各种节日的活动描述，右栏是七个节日介绍。请为左栏的每个人选择一个合适的节日。选项中有两项为多余项。
4 On this day, Sam wears beautiful clothes and makes resolutions. He stays up to watch the old year out and the new year in with his family at home. 5 This is a day for couples. Mr. Lee often sends chocolates and flowers to express love to his wife. It is very popular in many countries. 6 It’s a night-time children’s holiday. Kevin’s eight-year-old son plays games and tricks in costumes with his friends. 7 Helen usually has a big dinner with her father and mother on this day. They have food such as turkey and pumpkin pies. 8 Polly, from the US, buys a lot for this holiday with her family. Usually they like to use some kinds of trees with lots of lights on them. It is one of the most important holidays there. A．Christmas Day: It is the biggest and the best-loved holiday in Western countries. The Christmas tree is very popular during this time. B．Halloween: This holiday comes on October 31st. Children make all kinds of masks (面具) and go from house to house to play “Trick or Treat”. C． New Year’s Day: It is a legal (法定的) holiday in many countries. Most people have a day off from work. They say “Happy New Year” to each other to express their hope for happiness in the new year. D．Valentine’s Day: It is a day for lovers and one of the loveliest holidays. It comes on February 14th. E. Mother’s Day: The holiday is for mothers in the whole world. It is on the second Sunday in May. F. Thanksgiving Day: The holiday is on the fourth Thursday of November. On this day, Americans usually have some delicious food like turkey with their family. G. Memorial Day: It falls on the last Monday in May so that all Americans can enjoy a three-day weekend. It’s a day to memorialize those people who have lost their lives for their country.
根据语篇内容，从每小题所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
China has seven legal (法定的) holidays in a year, including New Year’s Day, Chinese New Year (the Spring Festival), the Tomb-Sweeping Day, May Day, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day. “Legal” here means that you don’t have to work on these holidays but you can get paid. If your company orders you to work on these holidays, the company will pay you three times the money they pay you on one normal work day. Chinese New Year Holiday and National Day Holiday are the only two week-long holidays in China, so they are usually called Golden Weeks. During these two weeks, people enjoy themselves in many ways. But hotel rooms, train tickets or air tickets will be in great need then. Therefore, people who are planning China tours had better avoid these Golden Weeks.
The table below provides a detailed (详细的) list of 2025 public holidays in China. Hope it can help you make a good tour plan.
Holiday Names 2025 Dates 2025 Holidays
New Year’s Day Jan. 1 Jan. 1, 2025
Chinese New Year Jan. 29 Jan. 29-Feb. 4
The Qingming Festival Apr. 4 Apr. 4-Apr. 6
May Day May 1 May 1-May 5
The Dragon Boat Festival May. 31 May. 31—Jun. 2
The Mid-Autumn Festival National Day Oct. 6 Oct. 1—8
Oct. 1
Besides the above seven festivals, Chinese people celebrate four others on which some people have a half day off—Women’s Day, Youth Day, Children’s Day and Army Day.
9．How many holidays are mentioned in the passage
A．Four. B．Seven. C．Eleven.
10．If you can get 150 yuan a day and you work overtime (加班) for three days during the Spring Festival in 2025, how much money can you get in total (总计) in the three days
A．150 yuan. B．450 yuan. C．1,350 yuan.
11．Suppose (假如) Jack was enjoying his five-day holiday in 2025, which holiday was he spending
A．The Qingming Festival. B．May Day. C．National Day.
12．The writer wrote the passage in order to ______.
A．introduce the festivals in China in 2025
B．tell people not to travel during the Golden Weeks in 2025
C．show why women can have a half day off on Women’s Day in 2025
13．Where can you most probably read the article
A．In a storybook. B．On a website. C．In sports news.
The cost of raising a child is the highest in South Korea and China, according to a new report by Beijing’s YuWa Population Research Institute.
The institute compared costs using different countries’ GDP per person. GDP per person is the total value (价值) of all the work done and goods produced in a country in one year, divided by the number of people who live there. And the report said the average (平均的) cost of raising a child in South Korea to the age of 18 is 7.8 times the country’s GDP per person.
In China, the average cost of raising a child is about $75,000, which is more than 6.3 times the GDP per person. It’s even more expensive to raise a child in Chinese cities, with an average cost of almost $94,000. South Korea and China both have very low birth rates (比率). South Korea’s is the lowest in the world — and with those costs, it might be easy to see why.
Japan also has a low birth rate, but it costs about 4.3 times the GDP per person to raise a child there. It’s 4.1 times in the USA, and 2.1 times in Australia.
But it’s not only money that parents have to spend—it’s time too. And this is another reason young people are choosing not to have children, according to the institute.
For example, the report showed that in China, between 2010 and 2018, the amount of time parents spent helping their children with their homework increased from less than four hours to almost six hours per week.
14．What’s the average cost of raising a child to the age of 18 in China
A．About $47,250. B．About $75,000. C．About $94,000.
15．Which country has the lowest birth rate in the world
A．Japan. B．China. C．South Korea.
16．What would the writer go on talking about next
A．Parents have less time to make money.
B．The time parents spent with children increased.
C．Children nowadays have too much pressure in China and South Korea.
17．What’s the best title for this text
A．Raising a Child Costs the Most
B．The Economy (经济) in China and South Korea
C．Young People are Choosing Not to Have Children
You see people in movies celebrating a white Christmas in England or the United States. But Christmas in Australia is different.
Australians celebrate the holiday on Dec. 25th. It is at the hottest time of the year in Australia. The temperature is usually about 30℃ in most cities and can even be over 40℃. There is certainly no white Christmas in Australia.
Because it is so hot, the tradition is to have lunch outside and to swim in the pool or beach. Most people have a one-week holiday during this time, so they will travel to meet their family for Christmas lunch. Christmas lunch is usually a big meal of ham, turkey, salad and fresh seafood. Family members all cook something different and bring it to the big meal. I always enjoy Christmas lunch because there are lots of good cooks in my family. One year my aunt even made a delicious gingerbread house (姜饼屋) for us to eat as dessert.
Children get presents from Santa Claus and are always excited to play with them. It is a fun time to play or swim in the pool with the other members of your family.
The sport of cricket (板球) is very popular in Australia and another tradition is to play a game of cricket in your backyard. I always enjoyed playing with my uncle and cousins when I was growing up.
So Australia might not have a white Christmas. But it is still a very exciting and fun time of the year.
18．When do Australians celebrate Christmas
A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In fall.
19．Which is NOT the tradition in Australia during Christmas
A．The family have lunch or swim together.
B．People enjoy white snow outside.
C．Children get presents from Santa Claus.
20．What can we infer (推断) from the passage
A．Australians often get together to play on Christmas.
B．Children are excited to see Santa Claus have lunch with them.
C．Christmas in Australia isn’t the same as that in England or in the United States.
21．What does the writer think of Christmas in Australia according to the passage
A．Exciting. B．Interesting. C．Both A and C．
In recent years, the problem of aging (老龄化) population has become a serious social problem in many countries. As life expectancy increases and birth rates decline, the number of older adults in the population grows fast, leading to many challenges that require careful management and planning.
One of the most serious challenges is healthcare. The old often require more medical attention and long-term care, placing a heavy burden (负担) on healthcare. The government and society must pay attention to the medical care.
Moreover, the aging population has economic (经济的) influences. As the number of retirees (退休人员) increases, there is a decrease (减少) in the labor force, slowing economic growth.
Being away from society and loneliness are other problems that affect the elderly. With children often living far away or busy with their own lives, many older adults find themselves without regular communications. This can lead to worry.
In order to solve the problem of aging, it is important for our government to take measures to care for the elderly. Community programs and services that provide communications, activities, and education for the elderly are also necessary.
22．What is the main social problem discussed in the passage
A．Health change. B．Aging population. C．Economic problem. D．Losing jobs.
23．How does the aging population affect healthcare systems (系统)
A．It reduces the need for medical services. B．It makes healthcare easier.
C．It makes healthcare hard. D．It improves the quality of healthcare services.
24．What is the economic influence of the aging population
A．An increase in the labor force. B．Faster economic growth.
C．A decrease in the number of retirees. D．Slower economic growth.
25．What social problems that affect the elderly are talked about in Paragraph 4
A．Job and food safety. B．Being away from society and loneliness.
C．Good health and high energy levels. D．Education and technology.
26．Which way is to solve the problem of the aging population
A．Living far away from the elderly.
B．Giving a heavy burden.
C．Taking measures to support and provide communications, activities, and education for the elderly.
D．Taking no measures.
Libraries in China have changed their role from traditional storage rooms of books to offering users space for quiet thinking and self-improvement.
The main reason why people visit libraries is changing with the times. Shi Yunxuan, 33, who has worked at a library in Shenzhen for two years, said, “In the past, people went to a library mainly to borrow books and get information. Now, libraries have gotten popular among a growing number of young people who want to improve themselves.”
In recent years, a lot of improvements have been made to libraries nationwide (全国的), and they are now well-equipped. For example, they provide air conditioners (空调), modern desks and high-quality lighting. Shi said, “Libraries are now more comfortable and the new reading areas offer more seats. With more comfortable environment, users believe that they can learn more in the library at the same time.” That is to say studying in the library is a good way to learn.
By the end of 2024, China had 3,248 public libraries, which recorded 107 million readers. Tang Zixuan, 20, a student at Peking University (大学), said the library was the only place where she could put her mind and heart fully in her studies.
Tang said, “I’m afraid of falling behind, which makes me under heavy pressure. I cannot truly enjoy my spare time because I need to do things all the time. So how can I find time to relax ” She believes that the library is the only place where she can find peace while improving her studies.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
27．What does Paragraph 2 tell us
A．Libraries are not places to borrow books any more.
B．The conditions of libraries have improved a lot.
C．People visit libraries for more reasons.
D．You can get more information in libraries now.
28．What is in the libraries now from Paragraph 3
①air conditioners ②modern desks ③high-quality lighting ④smoking areas
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
29．Why does the writer give those numbers at the beginning of Paragraph 4
A．To show libraries in China are popular.
B．To advise more students to study in libraries.
C．To show the great history of China.
D．To tell the importance of reading books.
30．Why is Tang Zixuan under heavy pressure
A．Because she is afraid of falling behind.
B．Because her grades are not good.
C．Because she has a lot of homework to do.
D．Because she always has things to do in her spare time.
31．What is the best title for this passage
A．The Modern Chinese Public Libraries
B．More Chinese People Like Reading
C．The Changing Function of Chinese Libraries
D．The Libraries in Universities
International Day of FamiliesThe International Day of Families is celebrated on May 15th every year. Its purpose (目的) is to raise people’s attention to the harmony (和谐), happiness and progress of the family. To celebrate the 31st International Family Day this year, Family Center will hold some family activities. Activities for the family: ★Family sports. ★Reading a letter for your families. ★A cooking competition among families. Time: 9:00 a.m.—5:00 p.m., May 15th Place: the South International Square Prize: First Prize—a five-day foreign tour Second Prize—a seven-day domestic (国内的) tour Third Prize—a four-day domestic tour Rules: Each family can choose two or three kinds of activities. When you sign up, you should make a decision. All the letters must be written by families themselves. They will not be returned, so please keep a copy. Don’t be late or you’ll not be allowed to take part in these activities. Families who want to take part in the activities must hand in their application forms (申请表) before May 5th or you can call 2877-2197 to sign up before May 10th. And we will provide breakfast and lunch. For more information, visit https://FamilyCenter./doc.
32．The International Day of Families is on ______ every year.
A．May 5th B．May 10th C．May 15th
33．The purpose of the International Family Day is ______.
A．to make people pay more attention to our society
B．to make people pay more attention to families
C．to encourage people to take part in the activities
34．If your family wins the second prize, you can ______.
A．have a seven-day domestic tour
B．have a seven-day foreign tour
C．have a four-day domestic tour
35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Families must take part in all these activities on May 10th.
B．Families can celebrate the day in the Family Center.
C．Families must hand in their application forms before May 5th.
It is 15 March today. We have an English lesson. Miss Green is our English teacher. She is tall and beautiful. She has big eyes, a small nose and a small mouth. She is very kind to us. We all like her very much.
When Miss Green comes into the classroom, we all laugh a lot. She wears a red nose! Miss Green says, “Red noses are for clowns (小丑). But in the UK, there is a Red Nose Day. The day started in 1988. It is on 15 March this year.” And then Miss Green tells us about the day.
On this day, people do some funny things to make people laugh and raise money. They tell jokes. They dance in a funny way. Most importantly, they wear red noses. All the money goes to help the poor in the UK and Africa.
36．The students all like Miss Green because ________.
A．she wears a red nose B．she is an English teacher
C．she is very kind to them D．she likes to play with them after class
37．Miss Green wears a red nose because ________.
A．she likes clowns B．she doesn’t like her nose
C．today is Red Nose Day in the UK D．she wants to make students study hard
38．On Red Nose Day, what do people often do in the UK
①They dance in a funny way. ②They wear red noses to raise money.
③They tell jokes to make people laugh. ④They have a big dinner in the evening.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②③④
39．The passage (文章) is mainly (主要) about a (n) ________.
A．funny joke B．English teacher
C．clown with a red nose D．interesting English lesson
The World Population Prospects (展望) 2022 report says: The population in the world reached 8 billion on November 15, 2022. And the number will increase in the next ten years, although at a slower speed.
The population in the world is expected to reach about 8.5 billion by 2030, 9.7 billion by 2050, peak (峰值) at about 10.4 billion in the 2080s, and stay there until 2100, the report says.
World population growth peaked at 2.1 percent between 1962 and 1965, and since then it has fallen quickly to less than 1 percent in 2020.
The UN says that population growth could fall to about 0.5 percent by 2050 as fertility rates (生育率) continue to fall.
On the other hand, ▲ , from 63.8 years in 1990 to 72.8 years in 2019, and will reach 77.2 years in 2050. At that time, 16% of the population will be 65 years or older.
China and India have the largest population in the world, with 1.4 billion people each. But India will have the largest population and reach 1.7 billion people by 2050.
40．What will be the population in the world in 2091 according to the text
A．8.5 billion. B．9.7 billion. C．8 billion. D．10.4 billion.
41．Which of the following sentences is the best for the blank ▲ in the fifth paragraph
A．people can live much shorter than before B．people can live much longer than before
C．people will live a better life than before D．people will live a busier life than before
42．________ of the people in the world will be 65 years or older in 2050.
A．Half B．Sixteen percent C．One fifth D．Two thirds
43．What can we infer from the text
A．The old care will be a serious problem. B．The population will increase quickly.
C．China will still have the largest population. D．People can reach 72.8 years in 2050.
Pollution means adding dirty or harmful things to our environment. 44 There are three main forms of pollution: land pollution, air pollution and water pollution.
Solid waste, such as cans, bottles and some plastic things, causes land pollution. They can’t be broken down quickly. Some of them can stay there for hundreds of years. 45
However, air pollution is more serious than land pollution. It is worse in cities and towns because of the fumes (废气) from traffic. 46 Then they will become some harmful chemicals falling on the ground with rain. It is one of the reasons for water pollution.
47 People have realized they must change this serious situation. There are many ways to control pollution. Developing alternative energy (替代能源) is very popular in many countries. China is trying to make use of energy from the sun and the wind. It has paid plenty of money to make electric cars and trains instead of traditional traffic. 48 Take cloth bags while going shopping and drive cars less. We must take small steps to protect our environment.
根据短文内容，从选项中选择适当的句子填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。
A．Pollution will cause many health problems.
B．After the gas gets into the air, it may mix with clouds.
C．We can see different kinds of pollution in many places.
D．It makes the environment look very bad.
E．We should also take action to make our environment cleaner every day.
March 20th is World Water Day every year. According to a report from the United Nations, more than half of the world’s major rivers have serious water loss and are polluted.
The Yellow River, the world’s sixth-longest river, watered some of the oldest farms on earth. But now it has a serious problem. 49 In most of the past 35 years, it didn’t reach the sea.
The Nile in Egypt, running 6,650 km, is the longest river in the world. 50 Now it is down to 2 billion m or so. Australia’s Murray River reaches the sea only every other year. One-fifth of America’s Rio Grande has no water, either.
51 Mostly it’s damming (筑坝) and global warming that make rivers dry.
52 Now about 45,000 of them lie across the world’s rivers. They hold back around 15% of the world’s fresh water from running to the sea.
Global warming is making things worse. Warmer weather takes water away. The glaciers (冰川) are becoming smaller. 53 Global warming has had certain effects on water sources. Droughts happening around the world make people pay more attention to this fact.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A．Dams hold water to irrigate (灌溉) fields and make power.
B．The source of the Yellow River is drying up because of it.
C．It used to carry 32 billion m of water a year.
D．How does it happen
E．Its source on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is drying up.
Recycle & Share! Bring your old books to Green Library! We collect used books and give them to rural schools. Help reduce waste and spread knowledge! *Every Saturday 9:00-15:00 *123 Eco Street *Call 555-0123 for details. Save Water Challenge Take a 5-minute shower instead of 10 minutes. Save 50 liters of water daily! Share your story on social media with Water Hero. Top 10 savers win eco-friendly water bottles! *Join us: www.
Plant a Tree Day Be part of the city's green future!Free saplings (树苗) & tools provided. Date: March 12th Meet: Central Park Gate at 8:30 AM *Families welcome! *Bring your own gloves. Energy Guardian Project Help elderly families save electricity! Volunteers needed to:√Install (安装) LED bulbs √Teach energy-saving tips √Weekly check-ins (Oct-Nov) Certificate & green gift for all helpers! Apply by Sept 30: energyguardian@
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
54．What can you do with old books if you take part in Recycle & Share
A．Sell them for money. B．Donate them to libraries.
C．Exchange them for new books. D．Send them to rural schools.
55．How much water can you save weekly in Save Water Challenge
A．50 liters. B．100 liters. C．350 liters. D．700 liters.
56．What should you bring to Plant a Tree Day
A．Your own saplings. B．Gardening tools. C．A pair of gloves. D．Lunch boxes.
57．What is the main goal of Energy Guardian Project
A．Raising funds for green energy. B．Educating young children about electricity.
C．Helping elderly families save energy. D．Selling energy-efficient products.
58．Who is the text written for
A．People who want to protect the environment. B．People who want to experience hard life.
C．People who want to help their children. D．People who want to do more experiments.
After a 10-year project to count tuna (金枪鱼) and other large fish in the world’s oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat—has disappeared. If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean.
The demand for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans. “People are consuming (消费) too much,” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute.
A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal’s life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem, the ocean’s food chain breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food.
The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium (蒙特雷湾水族馆) gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying (破坏) the environment.
“If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,” says Morgan. “Then decide what you’re going to eat.”
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
59．How does the writer start the text
A．By giving a fact. B．By asking a question. C．By telling a story.
60．What does the underlined word “demand” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Wish. B．Support. C．Need.
61．From Paragraph 3, we know that ________.
A．if sharks die out, tuna will die out soon
B．tuna will be more popular in restaurants
C．tuna plays an important role in the ecosystem
62．What’s the purpose of the text
A．To tell people to stop polluting our oceans.
B．To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans.
C．To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood.
63．What does the last paragraph of the article explain
A．We need to care about wildlife.
B．We need to eat wild animals.
C．We needn’t reflect on our own values and beliefs.
When it comes to reading, people have different preferences. Some people will choose paper books because they’re easy to borrow and share. Others will go for e-readers, perhaps on a phone, because they’re convenient. But which is the more environment-friendly choice
Digital reading (数字阅读) is on the rise, now making up about 15% of the total US book market. However, traditional print publishing is still by far the most popular type and it comes with a high carbon footprint (碳足迹). According to a 2023 report from Words Rated, print book publishing is the third biggest source of greenhouse gas emissions (排放), and 32 million trees are cut down each year in the US to make paper for books. Then there’s the problem of printing and transport, not to mention the many unsold books that are destroyed.
Digital reading seems to be better than print because it is paperless, so it saves trees and transport. Moreover, technology companies that make e-readers, such as Amazon, offer recycling programs for old devices (设备). But digital devices also come with a large carbon footprint, mainly at the production stage.
So back to the earlier question: which way of reading is more environmentally friendly “If you buy an e-reader and you read lots of books on it, then it’s the lowest carbon thing to do. But if you buy it, read a couple of books, and find that you prefer paper books, then it’s the worst of all worlds.” said Mike Berners-Lee, a professor at Lancaster Environment Centre in the United Kingdom. Yet, Berners-Lee also said that reading is still, relatively speaking, an environmental-friendly activity.
64．What can we know from the text
A．Printed books have a poor sales record in the US.
B．Print publishing is not friendly to the environment.
C．Digital reading is more popular than paper reading.
D．Printing books costs more than producing e-readers.
65．Which aspect of digital devices has the largest impact on the environment
A．Its transportation. B．Its waste management.
C．Its production process. D．Its recycling programs.
66．According to the text, it is better to choose digital reading if you ________.
A．read a lot B．hardly take notes C．enjoy reading at night D．only read books out of need
67．What can we infer from Mike Berners-Lee’s words in the last paragraph
A．E-readers are always the most eco-friendly choice.
B．The environmental friendliness of reading depends on how people use devices.
C．Paper books are worse for the environment than e-readers.
D．Unsold paper books cause more emissions than e-reader production.
68．What is the most suitable title for the text
A．Why Should We Choose Digital Reading
B．How Does Print Publishing Affect the Environment
C．Will Traditional Print Reading Disappear in the Future
D．Which is Better for the Environment, Paper Books or E-readers
Minqin County, located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province, is between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger. Local people plant suosuo trees, a plant that can survive in the desert, to prevent further desertification (沙漠化).
A number of local people have worked hard to turn the place into an oasis (绿洲). 27-year-old Zhong Lin is one of them. Growing up in Minqin, Zhong experienced sandstorms throughout his childhood. He once wanted to run away from his hometown and builｔ his future in southern China.
However, he changed his mind when he saw the villagers’ hard life and the terrible environment there. He said, “Suddenly I understood-running away isn’t the solution. Making a difference is the key.” After graduating from university in 2020, Zhong returned to his hometown. Since then, Zhong has tried planting suosuo trees in the desert. After three years’ effort, the trees he planted are now growing well in the desert, turning the land green and lively.
To draw attention to his hometown’s environment, Zhong shared videos about tree planting online and started a “Please Plant a Tree in Minqin” activity. Encouraged by Zhong’s tree-planting story, more and more volunteers from all over the country have come to Minqin to plant trees. Their common goal is to turn the desert into an oasis.
69．According to the first paragraph, “________” should be put in “________” in the map.
A．Wuwei B．Badain Jaran Desert
C．Gansu D．Tengger Desert
70．Zhong Lin decided to ________ after graduation.
A．run away from his hometown
B．build his future in southern China
C．improve the environment in his hometown
D．start a volunteer activity to attract more tourists to Minqin
71．What is the goal for the people who joined the tree-planting activity
A．To turn the desert into an oasis. B．To enjoy the scenery of the deserts.
C．To learn more about Zhong Lin. D．To share videos about tree planting.
From March to November each year, Huang Yahui and her team live outdoors, carrying camping equipment, cameras, and notebooks. They travel through forests, mountains, and highlands in Xinjiang to do research.
Huang’s love for nature began as a child, and her passion (热情) for butterflies grew as she got older. In 2011, she joined a research team led by Professor Ma Ming from the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography as a volunteer. Huang spent several months working with the team, doing fieldwork and focusing on bird protection, which started her interest in environmental protection.
She is now a co-founder of a nature protection center in Urumqi. The center’s goal is to raise people’s environmental awareness and protect wildlife.
Huang has developed a strong passion for butterflies. Over the years, she and her team have recorded more than 200 species (物种) of butterflies, recording the habitats (栖息地) and collecting important data to protect biodiversity (生物多样性).
“Butterflies are an indicator species for climate change,” she explained. “They are sensitive (敏感的) to small changes in climate, and their population changes can tell us a lot about the environment.”
One day, while exploring the Tianshan Mountains, Huang and her team discovered a rare butterfly species with shining wings. “It’s the Parnassius loxias. I found it!” Huang said excitedly. This species had not been seen for over a century, and Huang felt like she was connecting with scientists from the past.
However, the work is not without challenges. It is difficult to follow butterflies. Human activities have also destroyed many butterfly habitats. Huang and her team help local farmers make more room for the wildlife to live safely.
72．How did Huang Yahui start her career in environmental protection
A．She found special butterflies as a child.
B．She studied biology at a famous university.
C．She worked as a volunteer on a research team.
D．She founded a nature protection center with others.
73．The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph means butterflies can ______
A．fight climate change B．show climate change
C．cause climate change D．affect climate change
74．Why does the article mention the discovery of the Parnassius loxias butterfly
A．To describe the beauty of the Tianshan Mountains.
B．To show that butterfly research is not difficult at all.
C．To give an example of an important and exciting finding.
D．To explain why butterflies are sensitive to climate change.
75．Where does the text most probably come from
A．A diary. B．A novel. C．A report. D．A newspaper.
Have you heard of microplastics (微塑料) Can we see them in our daily life Are they good or bad for human beings
Microplastics are very small. According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. But they bring big problems. This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years. A new study said that by 2040, microplastic pollution could be twice as bad as it is now.
Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. They come from many places. For example, about 60 percent of material made into clothes is plastic. Every time the clothes are washed, they produce microplastics. When water bottles and other big plastic products are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics. These microplastics can be bad for our health and even cause cancer. In August, The Conversation reported that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain works.
Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of plastics end up in the ocean. As they break down day by day, they become virtually invisible gradually (逐渐地). Fish may eat them by mistake (无意地) and become very sick.
To deal with the problem, scientists think the best way right now is to make and use less plastic. As students, we can reduce plastic things in our daily life, such as using glass or metal cups instead of plastic bottles and cups.
76．The writer starts the text by ________.
A．telling stories B．asking questions C．listing numbers D．giving examples
77．What can we know about microplastics from the passage
A．Microplastics are often over five millimeters. B．It’s hard for microplastics to break down.
C．Microplastics can help people’s brain work better. D．Microplastics do little harm to animals.
78．What does the underlined phrase “virtually invisible” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．especially small and hard to see B．completely harmless to animals
C．easily found in the water D．brightly colored and attractive
79．What would be the best title for the text
A．Solutions to Microplastic Pollution
B．Tiny Pieces of Plastic causing big Problems
C．Future of Ocean Pollution from Microplastics
D．First Finding of Microplastics in Human Brains
You probably see a lot of things made of plastic, like bottles and bags. What happens when the plastic was thrown away Scientists say that much of it reaches the oceans in the end, and causes problems for ocean creatures (生物), like fish and birds.
“Plastic makes ocean creatures in danger. Some of them die when they are tangled (被缠绕) in pieces of plastic, and others eat the plastic and die, too.” says Allison Schutes of the Ocean Conservancy, a group that protects oceans.
A recent study shows that lots of plastic reaches the oceans each minute. Scientists predict (预言) that by the year 2050, our oceans will have more plastic than fish.
Most scientists say taking out all the plastic that is already in the oceans is impossible. Instead, they say the best way is to stop more plastic from reaching the oceans.
Many groups are taking action. They pick up litter before it reaches the oceans. For example, volunteers from the Ocean Conservancy collected more than 16 million pounds of litter last year.
Experts also encourage people to use less plastic. Many cities and towns in some countries have banned plastic bags. Experts also suggest that people should use more reusable bottles and bags.
“These seem like small things,” says Schutes, “but they can help to make a big difference.”
80．How many things made of plastic are mentioned in this passage
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
81．It is predicted that by the year 2050, there will be ________.
A．no fish in the oceans B．no plastic in the oceans
C．more plastic than fish in the oceans D．more fish than plastic in the oceans
82．What does the underlined word “banned” mean in Chinese
A．发明 B．生产 C．销售 D．禁止
83．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Bottles and Bags B．Fish and Birds
C．Plastic and Ocean Creatures D．Scientists and Experts
A Ghanaian artist named Michael Tettch is using old glass to make new art. He hopes to help improve the environment in his country. If he can earn some money by doing it, he will be happy, too.
Tettch learned the art of glass blowing during a visit to Europe in 2012. He went to see people who knew about glass blowing in the Netherlands and France, where he learned to make all kinds of useful things.
Tettch has had his own workplace where he melts (熔化) broken glass from waste centers in Accra and turns it into art.
Tettch looks for broken glass from old televisions or bottles and melts it down in a large round container known as a kiln (窑). The kiln gets very hot, nearly 1,500 degrees, and turns the old glass into hot liquid (液体). Then he uses a long stick to shape the glass into colorful things people can use again.
Over the years, he has gotten better and better at the work. Now Tettch’s pieces are sold in shops in Ghana and Ivory Coast. Some of his works are also sold in art stores in Europe and the US.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
84．Why does Tettch use old glass to make new art
A．Because there is too much waste in his country.
B．Because he must earn money to support his family.
C．Because he hopes to protect the environment.
D．Because he wants to realize his dream of being an artist.
85．Where did he learn the art of glass blowing
A．In Europe. B．In Asia. C．In Africa. D．In North America.
86．What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A．All kinds of waste. B．His workplace. C．A bottle. D．Broken glass.
87．What can we learn from the fourth paragraph
A．Where Tettch gets broken glass. B．How glass works of art is made. C．How Tettch improves his skills. D．Where works of art are sold.
88．What’s the best title of the text
A．Broken glass is recycled in Ghana. B．Ghanaian artist is famous in the world.
C．Glass waste does harm to the environment. D．Ghanaian artist turns glass waste into art.
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．D 2．D 3．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了2024年秋季中国城市居民中兴起的一种新的户外活动——“捡秋”（jiǎn qiū）。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Traditionally, jiǎn qiū means the act of farmers collecting leftover crops”可知，捡秋的传统含义是农民收集残留农作物。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“people head into parks...to collect fallen leaves, fruits, and other natural things and take photos to record the beautiful scenes of the season.”可知，如今人们会收集自然物并记录季节。故选D。
3．主旨大意题。通篇围绕“捡秋”这项新兴户外活动展开，介绍其传统含义、现代实践方式和意义。故选A。
4．C 5．D 6．B 7．F 8．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了五个人庆祝各种节日的活动描述及七个节日的信息。
4．根据“On this day, Sam wears beautiful clothes and makes resolutions. He stays up to watch the old year out and the new year in with his family at home.”可知，Sam在这天穿漂亮衣服、做新年决议、熬夜跨年。选项C“元旦：这是许多国家的法定假日。大多数人都有一天不上班。他们互相说‘新年快乐’，以表达他们对新的一年幸福的希望。”与之匹配。故选C。
5．根据“This is a day for couples. Mr. Lee often sends chocolates and flowers to express love to his wife. It is very popular in many countries.”可知，这是情侣的节日，李先生经常送巧克力和鲜花来表达对他妻子的爱。选项D“情人节：这是情侣的节日，也是最可爱的节日之一。它在2月14日。”与之匹配。故选D。
6．根据“It’s a night-time children’s holiday. Kevin’s eight-year-old son plays games and tricks in costumes with his friends.”可知，Kevin的八岁儿子穿着戏服和他的朋友们一起玩游戏和恶作剧。选项B“万圣节：这个节日是在10月31日。孩子们制作各种各样的面具，挨家挨户地玩‘不给糖就捣蛋’的游戏。”与之匹配。故选B。
7．根据“Helen usually has a big dinner with her father and mother on this day. They have food such as turkey and pumpkin pies.”可知，海伦通常在这一天和她的爸爸妈妈吃一顿丰盛的晚餐，他们有火鸡和南瓜派等食物。选项F“感恩节：这个节日是在十一月的第四个星期四。在这一天，美国人通常会和家人一起吃一些美味的食物，比如火鸡。”与之匹配。故选F。
8．根据“Polly, from the US, buys a lot for this holiday with her family. Usually they like to use some kinds of trees with lots of lights on them. It is one of the most important holidays there.”可知，来自美国的Polly和她的家人为这个节日买了很多东西，用装饰灯的树，它是那里最重要的节日之一。选项A“圣诞节：它是西方国家最盛大、最受喜爱的节日。圣诞树在这段时间非常受欢迎。”与之匹配。故选A。
9．C 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国2025年的法定节假日安排，包括假期名称、日期以及相关注意事项。
9．细节理解题。根据“China has seven legal holidays…”以及下文“Besides the above seven festivals, Chinese people celebrate four others…”可知，文中提到7个法定假日和4个其他节日，共11个。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据“the company will pay you three times the money…”可知，加班工资为日薪的3倍。题干中每日150元，加班3天：150×3×3=1,350元。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据表格中“May Day”对应假期为“May 1—May 5”（5天），符合题干“5天假期”的要求。故选B。
12．主旨大意题。全文通过列举2025年假期日期和旅行建议，主要目的是介绍中国2025年的节假日安排。故选A。
13．推理判断题。文章以表格形式提供详细假期信息，并给出旅行建议，最可能出现在旅游或生活类网站。故选B。
14．B 15．C 16．B 17．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国及韩国的出生率低的相关原因，并比较了不同国家抚养孩子的成本高低。
14． 细节理解题。根据“In China, the average cost of raising a child is about $75,000,”可知，在中国，抚养一个孩子的平均成本约为7.5万美元，故选B。
15． 细节理解题。根据“South Korea’s is the lowest in the world”可知，韩国的出生率是世界上最低的，故选C。
16．推理判断题。根据“For example, the report showed that in China, between 2010 and 2018, the amount of time parents spent helping their children with their homework increased from less than four hours to almost six hours per week.”可知，文章接下来应该是介绍父母花费更多的时间帮助他们的孩子，故选B。
17．最佳标题题。根据“The cost of raising a child is the highest in South Korea and China,”以及整个文章的理解可知，本文主要是介绍出生率低背后的原因，主要是抚养孩子的成本太高，故选A。
18．B 19．B 20．C 21．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了澳大利亚在炎热夏季庆祝圣诞节的时间、传统活动等，表明其圣诞节虽无白雪但同样精彩有趣。
18．细节理解题。根据“Australians celebrate the holiday on Dec. 25th. It is at the hottest time of the year in Australia.”可知，澳大利亚人在12月25日庆祝圣诞节，此时澳大利亚是夏天，故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“There is certainly no white Christmas in Australia.”可知，在澳大利亚圣诞节期间看不到白雪，“People enjoy white snow outside.”不是澳大利亚圣诞节的传统，故选B。
20．推理判断题。文章开篇指出“You see people in movies celebrating a white Christmas in England or the United States. But Christmas in Australia is different.”，后文围绕澳大利亚不同的圣诞节展开描述，所以可以推断出澳大利亚的圣诞节与英国或美国不一样，故选C。
21．观点态度题。根据“But it is still a very exciting and fun time of the year.”可知，作者认为澳大利亚的圣诞节既令人兴奋又有趣，故选C。
22．B 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．C
【导语】本文介绍了人口老龄化对社会的影响以及如何解决这一问题。
22．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In recent years, the problem of aging population has become a serious social problem in many countries.”可知，文章内容围绕老龄化问题展开。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段“One of the most serious challenges is healthcare.The old often require more medical attention and long-term care, placing a heavy burden on healthcare. ”可知，人口老龄化使得医疗保健变得困难。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“As the number of retirees increases, there is a decrease in the labor force, slowing economic growth.”可知，人口老龄化使得经济增长放缓。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“Being away from society and loneliness are other problems that affect the elderly.”可知，本段说明了老年人面临“与社会疏离和感到孤独”的问题，故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In order to solve the problem of aging…Community programs and services that provide communications, activities, and education for the elderly are also necessary.”可知，解决人口老龄化问题的方法是采取措施支持和提供老年人的交流、活动和教育。故选C。
27．C 28．A 29．A 30．A 31．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国图书馆的角色变化，并介绍了图书馆设施的改善以及人们使用图书馆的原因变化。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第2段“In the past, people went to a library mainly to borrow books and get information. Now, libraries have gotten popular among a growing number of young people who want to improve themselves.”可知，人们去图书馆的原因更多样化了。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“they provide air conditioners, modern desks and high-quality lighting.”可知，图书馆现在配备了空调、现代化书桌和高质量照明。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“By the end of 2024, China had 3,248 public libraries, which recorded 107 million readers.”可知，这些数字表明图书馆在中国很受欢迎。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第5段“I’m afraid of falling behind, which makes me under heavy pressure.”可知，唐紫萱压力大的原因是害怕落后。故选A。
31．最佳标题题。全文围绕中国图书馆功能的转变展开，从传统书籍存储到提供学习与自我提升空间。因此最佳标题应体现图书馆功能的转变。故选C。
32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲了每年5月15日的国际家庭日及其设立目的，并详细说明了今年家庭中心为庆祝第31个国际家庭日，将于5月15日在南国际广场举办的家庭活动。
32．细节理解题。根据“The International Day of Families is celebrated on May 15th every year.”可知，国际家庭日每年在5月15日。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Its purpose (目的) is to raise people’s attention to the harmony (和谐), happiness and progress of the family.”可知，国际家庭日的目的是让人们更多地关注家庭。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据“Second Prize—a seven-day domestic (国内的) tour”可知，如果家庭获得二等奖，可以进行一次七天的国内旅行。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据“Families who want to take part in the activities must hand in their application forms (申请表) before May 5th or you can call 2877-2197 to sign up before May 10th.”可知，家庭必须在5月5日前提交申请表。故选C。
36．C 37．C 38．A 39．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了3月15日当天，学生们上英语课时，格林老师戴着红鼻子走进教室，由此引出英国的红鼻子日，并介绍了该节日的起源、日期及人们在节日当天通过做趣事筹钱帮助贫困人群的活动。
36．细节理解题。根据“She is very kind to us. We all like her very much.”可知，学生们喜欢格林老师是因为她对大家非常友好。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Red noses are for clowns. But in the UK, there is a Red Nose Day...It is on 15 March this year.”可知，当天是英国的红鼻子日，所以格林老师戴着红鼻子。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“On this day, people do some funny things to make people laugh and raise money. They tell jokes. They dance in a funny way. Most importantly, they wear red noses.”可知，人们会讲笑话、跳滑稽的舞蹈、戴红鼻子筹钱。故选A。
39．主旨大意题。文章围绕一节英语课展开，通过格林老师戴红鼻子的举动，介绍了红鼻子日的相关内容，核心是“一节有趣的英语课”。故选D。
40．D 41．B 42．B 43．A
【导语】本文主要讨论了世界人口发展趋势。
40．细节理解题。根据“The population in the world is expected to reach about 8.5 billion by 2030, 9.7 billion by 2050, peak (峰值) at about 10.4 billion in the 2080s, and stay there until 2100”可知，世界人口在20世纪80年代达到约104亿的峰值后，会一直维持到2100年，2091年处于2080年代至2100年之间，因此人口数量为104亿。故选D。
41．推理判断题。根据“from 63.8 years in 1990 to 72.8 years in 2019, and will reach 77.2 years in 2050”可知，此处数据呈现的是人类寿命的变化，从1990年的63.8岁到2019年的72.8岁，再到2050年将达到77.2岁，说明人们的寿命比以前更长了。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据“and will reach 77.2 years in 2050. At that time, 16% of the population will be 65 years or older”可知，“At that time”指代前文的2050年，因此2050年世界上16%的人口将年满65岁或以上。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据“and will reach 77.2 years in 2050. At that time, 16% of the population will be 65 years or older”可知，2050年65岁及以上人口占比将达16%，老年人口数量较多，由此可推断老年照护将成为一个严重的问题。故选A。
44．C 45．D 46．B 47．A 48．E
【导语】本文通过介绍土地污染、空气污染和水污染的成因及影响，呼吁人们采取行动保护环境，包括开发替代能源和改变日常行为。
44．根据“There are three main forms of pollution: land pollution, air pollution and water pollution.”可知此处讲到污染的种类，C项“我们在很多地方都可以看到不同类型的污染。”符合语境。故选C。
45．根据“They can’t be broken down quickly. Some of them can stay there for hundreds of years.”可知垃圾不能分解，停留几百年，D项“这使得环境看起来非常糟糕。”符合语境。故选D。
46．根据“Then they will become some harmful chemicals falling on the ground with rain.”可知此处提到废气与云一起形成有害物质，B项“气体进入空气后，可能会与云混合。”符合语境。故选B。
47．根据“People have realized they must change this serious situation.”可知此处讲人们意识到必须改变这种情况的前提，A项“污染会导致许多健康问题。”符合语境。故选A。
48．根据“Take cloth bags while going shopping and drive cars less.”可知要采取行动保护环境，E项“我们还应该采取行动，让我们的环境每天变得更清洁。”符合语境。故选E。
49．E 50．C 51．D 52．A 53．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。围绕“世界水日”展开，引用联合国报告指出全球超半数主要河流存在严重失水和污染问题，随后以黄河、尼罗河、墨累河、格兰德河为例，具体说明河流干涸现状，接着分析河流干涸的主要原因，最后强调全球变暖对水源的进一步负面影响，引发对水资源问题的关注。
49．根据“The Yellow River...But now it has a serious problem.”及“In most of the past 35 years, it didn’t reach the sea.”可知，前文提到黄河存在严重问题，后文说明其35年中多数时间未能入海，选项E“它位于青藏高原的源头正在干涸”解释了黄河“未能入海”的原因，故选E。
50．根据“The Nile in Egypt... is the longest river in the world.”及“Now it is down to 2 billion m or so.”可知，后文提到尼罗河现在的水量约为20亿立方米，选项C“它过去每年能输送320亿立方米的水”通过“过去水量”与“现在水量”的对比，突出尼罗河水量减少的问题，故选C。
51．根据前文列举黄河、尼罗河等河流的干涸现状，及后文“Mostly it’s damming and global warming that make rivers dry.”可知，后文解释了河流干涸的原因，选项D“这是怎么发生的？”以设问形式承接前文的“现状”，引出后文的“原因分析”，故选D。
52．根据“Mostly it’s damming and global warming that make rivers dry.”及“Now about 45,000 of them lie across the world’s rivers.”可知，前文提到“筑坝”是原因之一，后文用“them”指代与“筑坝”相关的事物，选项A“水坝蓄水用于灌溉农田和发电”解释了“水坝”的作用，且“dams”与后文“them”指代一致，符合语境，故选A。
53．根据“Global warming is making things worse... The glaciers are becoming smaller.”及“Global warming has had certain effects on water sources.”可知，前文提到全球变暖导致冰川缩小，后文强调其对水源的影响，选项B“黄河的源头正因此而干涸”以黄河为例，具体说明全球变暖对水源的影响，呼应前文“黄河源头干涸”的内容，也衔接“全球变暖影响水源”的观点，故选B。
54．D 55．C 56．C 57．C 58．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个环保相关的活动，包括旧书回收与分享、节水挑战、植树日以及能源守护者项目，旨在鼓励人们参与环保行动，共同保护环境。
54．细节理解题。根据“Bring your old books to Green Library! We collect used books and give them to rural schools.”可知，如果参加“Recycle & Share”活动，你可以将旧书送到农村学校。故选D。
55．推理判断题。根据“Take a 5-minute shower instead of 10 minutes. Save 50 liters of water daily!”可知，每天可以节省50升水，那么一周（7天）可以节省350升水。故选C。
56．细节理解题。根据“Bring your own gloves.”可知，参加植树日活动需要自带手套。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据“Help elderly families save electricity!”可知，能源守护者项目的主要目标是帮助老年家庭节约能源。故选C。
58．推理判断题。根据四个活动的描述，它们都与环保相关，旨在鼓励人们参与环保行动，因此这篇文章是写给想要保护环境的人。故选A。
59．A 60．C 61．C 62．B 63．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章开篇通过科学家的研究发现，指出因过度捕捞，全球近90%的大型食用鱼类 (如金枪鱼) 已消失，若不采取行动，这些鱼类将彻底灭绝并破坏海洋食物链；接着说明人类对鱼类的需求增长带来的问题，最后呼吁人们通过合理选择海鲜、树立保护意识等方式，保护海洋野生动物及生态环境。
59．细节理解题。根据第一段“After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world’s oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone.”可知，开头直接引用科学家经过十年调查得出的结论——大型鱼类几乎消失了，这是一个事实，并非提问或讲故事。故选A。
60．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Almost a billion people around the world get their protein mostly from fish.”可知，近10亿人主要从鱼类中获取蛋白质，说明人类对鱼类有 “需求”；因此，划线单词“demand”意为“需求”，与“need”同义。故选C。
61．推理判断题。根据第三段“When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem, the ocean’s food chain breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food.”可知，金枪鱼消失会导致海洋食物链断裂，以金枪鱼为食的鲨鱼可能因没有食物而死亡，说明金枪鱼是海洋生态系统中重要的一环，即在生态系统中起重要作用。故选C。
62．主旨大意题。文章通篇围绕“过度捕捞导致大型鱼类减少、破坏海洋生态”展开，结尾呼吁“stop fishing too much” (停止过度捕捞)、“care about wildlife” (关注野生动物)，核心目的是呼吁人们保护海洋野生动物。故选B。
63．细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,’ says Morgan. ‘Then decide what you’re going to eat.’”可知，Morgan认为要先花时间思考自己的价值观和信仰，再决定吃什么，强调的是要关心野生动物，具体可通过反思自身价值观和信仰来指导饮食选择，而非不需要反思。故选A。
64．B 65．C 66．A 67．B 68．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了纸质书和电子阅读器哪种更环保的问题。文章首先指出人们在阅读方式上的不同偏好，然后分别阐述了纸质书和电子阅读器对环境的影响，最后通过引用专家的话，得出阅读方式是否环保取决于人们如何使用设备的结论。
64．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, traditional print publishing is still by far the most popular type- and it comes with a high carbon footprint (碳足迹).”可知，传统印刷出版业目前仍然是最受欢迎的类型，但它带来的碳足迹很高，即印刷出版对环境不友好。故选B。
65．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But digital devices also come with a large carbon footprint, mainly at the production stage.”可知，数字设备在生产阶段会产生大量的碳足迹，即其生产过程对环境的影响最大。故选C。
66．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If you buy an e-reader and you read lots of books on it, then it’s the lowest carbon thing to do.”可知，如果你买了一个电子阅读器并且读了很多书，那么这是最低碳的选择。因此，如果你读很多书，选择数字阅读更好。故选A。
67．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Mike Berners-Lee的话：“如果你买了一个电子阅读器，并且用它读了很多书，那么这是最低碳的选择。但是如果你买了它，只读了几本书，然后发现你更喜欢纸质书，那么这就是最糟糕的选择。”可以推断出，阅读方式是否环保取决于人们如何使用设备。故选B。
68．主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了纸质书和电子阅读器哪种更环保的问题，通过对比两者的环境影响，并引用专家的话来阐述观点。因此，最合适的标题是“纸质书和电子阅读器哪种对环境更好？”。故选D。
69．B 70．C 71．A
【导语】本文讲述了甘肃省民勤县位于巴丹吉林和腾格里两大沙漠之间，当地人种植梭梭树防治沙漠化。仲麟大学毕业后返乡投身治沙事业，通过努力带动更多人参与，共同将沙漠变为绿洲。
69．细节理解题。根据第一段“Minqin County, located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province, is between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger.”可知，民勤县位于甘肃省武威市，位于中国第三大和第四大沙漠——巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间，地图中应填入的Badain Jaran沙漠。故选B。
70．推理判断题。根据第三段“After graduating from university in 2020, Zhong returned to his hometown. Since then, Zhong has tried planting suosuo trees in the desert. After three years’ effort, the trees he planted are now growing well in the desert, turning the land green and lively.”可知，仲麟大学毕业后回到家乡，通过种植梭梭树来改善家乡环境。故选C。
71．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Their common goal is to turn the desert into an oasis”可知，参与者的共同目标是将沙漠变成绿洲。故选A。
72．C 73．B 74．C 75．D
【导语】本文讲述了黄雅慧及其团队在新疆进行野外研究、保护蝴蝶及其栖息地的故事，展现了她对自然的热爱及环保事业的贡献。
72．细节理解题。根据第二段“In 2011, she joined a research team… as a volunteer… which started her interest in environmental protection.”可知，她通过志愿加入研究团队开始了环保事业。故选C。
73．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Butterflies are an indicator species for climate change”及后文“They are sensitive (敏感的) to small changes in climate, and their population changes can tell us a lot about the environment”可知，蝴蝶能“显示气候变化”。故选B。
74．推理判断题。根据第六段“This species had not been seen for over a century, and Huang felt like she was connecting with scientists from the past.”可知，提及这一发现是为了说明其重要性和意义。故选C。
75．推理判断题。本文讲述了黄雅慧及其团队在新疆进行野外研究、保护蝴蝶及其栖息地的故事，展现了她对自然的热爱及环保事业的贡献。全文以客观叙述为主，介绍人物事迹和研究成果，符合新闻报道的特点。故选D。
76．B 77．B 78．A 79．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了微塑料的来源、危害，以及应对微塑料污染问题的建议。
76．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Have you heard of microplastics (微塑料) Can we see them in our daily life Are they good or bad for human beings ”可知，作者通过提问的方式开启文章。故选B。
77．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.”可知，微塑料不容易分解，能在环境中存在数百年。故选B。
78．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“As they break down day by day, they become virtually invisible gradually (逐渐地). Fish may eat them by mistake (无意地) and become very sick.”可知，微塑料随着时间分解会逐渐变得看不见，鱼可能会误食它们而生病。由此可推断，“virtually invisible”意为“特别小，很难看到”。故选A。
79．最佳标题题。根据文章第二段“But they bring big problems.”以及后文对微塑料危害的描述可知，文章主要讲述的是微小的塑料片引发的大问题。选项B“Tiny Pieces of Plastic causing big Problems”符合文章主旨。故选B。
80．B 81．C 82．D 83．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人类使用的塑料制品给海洋生物带来的影响。
80．细节理解题。根据第一段中“You probably see a lot of things made of plastic, like bottles and bags.”可知，本文主要提到了两种塑料制品，包括瓶子和袋子。故选B。
81．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Scientists predict (预言) that by the year 2050, our oceans will have more plastic than fish.”可知，科学家预测，到2050年，我们海洋中的塑料将比鱼还多。故选C。
82．词句猜测题。根据第六段中“Many cities and towns in some countries have banned plastic bags.”可知，一些国家的许多城镇已经禁止使用塑料袋。由此可知，下划线单词“banned”的意思是“禁止”。故选D。
83．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人类使用的塑料制品给海洋生物带来的影响。C项“塑料和海洋生物”最适合做文章的标题。故选C。
84．C 85．A 86．D 87．B 88．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加纳艺术家迈克尔·泰奇的艺术实践，他通过将废旧玻璃熔化后塑形，制作成可再次使用的彩色艺术品，既希望改善本国环境，也能通过售卖作品获得收入。
84．细节理解题。根据“A Ghanaian artist named Michael Tettch is using old glass to make new art. He hopes to help improve the environment in his country.”可知，泰奇用旧玻璃制作新艺术品是因为他希望改善（保护）环境，故选C。
85．细节理解题。根据“Tettch learned the art of glass blowing during a visit to Europe in 2012. He went to see people who knew about glass blowing in the Netherlands and France”可知，泰奇在欧洲（荷兰和法国）学习了玻璃吹制艺术，故选A。
86．词句猜测题。根据“Tettch looks for broken glass from old televisions or bottles and melts it down in a large round container known as a kiln (窑).”可知，划线词“it”指代前文提到的“broken glass（废旧玻璃）”，即泰奇将废旧玻璃放入窑中熔化，故选D。
87．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Tettch looks for broken glass... melts it down in a large round container known as a kiln... The kiln gets very hot... turns the old glass into hot liquid... Then he uses a long stick to shape the glass into colorful things people can use again.”可知，该段详细描述了泰奇制作玻璃艺术品的过程（找玻璃、熔化、塑形），即“玻璃艺术品是如何制作的”，故选B。
88．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，全文围绕“加纳艺术家泰奇将废旧玻璃转化为艺术品”展开，介绍了原因、学习经历、制作过程及作品销售情况，“家泰奇将废旧玻璃转化为艺术品”能概括文章主题，故选D。
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