2026届高考英语一轮复习词法之形容词副词 课件(共34张PPT)

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名称 2026届高考英语一轮复习词法之形容词副词 课件(共34张PPT)
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科目 英语
更新时间 2025-10-15 21:30:20

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(共34张PPT)
高考一轮复习(英语)
词法之形容词和副词
(Adjective & Adverb)
形容词和副词
1)形容词用法:
形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、状语、宾补等
如:a beautiful(作定语) lady 一位美丽的女士;
The lady is beautiful. (作表语). 这位女士很美丽。
Tired and hungry (作状语), they climbed the mountain for three hours.
I find the film interesting(宾补) .
形容词和副词
(1)形容词作定语:
different classes; various topics;
something new; nothing serious;
修饰名词通常位其前;修饰复合不定代词位其后
注意:
present: 作在场的,出席的,置于所修饰名词后
students present
present: 作当前的,置于所修饰名词前
present school
形容词和副词
(2) 形容词作表语:
(3) 形容词作状语:
The task is tough and difficult.
Everything looks nice.
通常位于系动词后;
用于描述主语的性质,状态,特征等
通常位于句首或句尾,用逗号与句子隔开,其逻辑主语是句子的主语;
用于描述主语在执行动作时所处的状态或具备的特征
She sat there, silent and motionless.
He fell down from the tree, seriously injured.
形容词和副词
(4) 形容词作宾补:
常用的动词类型
①表示“使役,让”的动词,如,make, leave, keep, 使宾语处于某种状态
通常位于宾语后;
用于补充说明宾语的状态,特征或性质,使句子完整。
The news made him happy.
You should keep the room clean.
形容词和副词
②表示“认为”的动词,如,find, consider,:使宾语具有某种性质
I found this book very interesting.
We consider his action unacceptable.
形容词和副词
注意:
情绪情感类动词的-ed和-ing形式,具备形容词词性。
-ed用于修饰/说明人以及与人有关的外貌、表情、行为举止等;
-ing用于说明修饰或说明事物;
作表语时,-ed/-ing形式取决于主语;
作定语时,-ed/-ing形式取决于所修饰词
作宾补时,-ed/-ing形式取决于宾语
形容词和副词
例如:
The news is exciting.
We are excited.
This is a confusing question.
a confused face
The news made us astonished.
The teacher made the class interesting.
形容词和副词
2)形容词变副词:
1. 副词用法
副词在句中主要作状语,用来修饰形容词、副词、动词和句子。
如:completely(adv. 完全地) right(adj. 正确的) 完全正确,
very carefully 非常仔细
He ran fast(adv. 快地;迅速地).
Finally( adv. 最后; 最终), we won the game.
形容词和副词
2)形容词变副词:
2. 形容词变副词规则
① 一般在形容词词尾直接加-ly
如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly polite-politely
②以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i, 然后再加-ly
如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily happy-happily heavy-heavily noisy-noisily ;healthy-healthily
形容词和副词
③ 以-le 结尾的形容词,去e 加y 变成副词:
terrible-terribly; gentle-gently; possible-possibly;
probable-probably; responsible-responsibly ;
comfortable-comfortably; simple-simply
④以-ll结尾的词只加y
如:full-fully
⑤以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-ly
如:true-truly
形容词和副词
⑥ 以-ic 结尾的形容词,在词尾加-ally, 变成副词:
dynamic→ dynamically; specific→specifically;
scientific→scientifically; basic→basically
⑦本身既是形容词也是副词,无需改变
fast; early; high; hard; late; far; wide; alone
形容词和副词
注意:
1. hardly: adv. 几乎不,与hard没有关系
2. 以 “ ly”结尾的词,一般是副词,但是下列单词以“ ly”结尾,却是形容词:lively(活泼的), lonely(寂寞的), lovely(可爱的), deadly(致命的), friendly(友好的), ugly(丑陋的), silly(愚蠢的), likely(很可能的), timely(及时的)等。
形容词和副词
3)形容词的比较级和最高级:
1. 比较级和最高级的规则变化
(1) 单音节形容词和少数双音节形容词
①一般情况:直接加 “-er” (比较级) 和 “-est” (最高级)
tall → taller → tallest
fast → faster → fastest
long → longer → longest
short → shorter → shortest
形容词和副词
② 以不发音的字母 “e” 结尾:只加 “-r” 和 “-st”
large → larger → largest
nice → nicer → nicest
brave → braver → bravest
③ 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾:变 `y` 为 `i`,再加 `-er` 和 `-est`**
happy → happier → happiest
busy → busier → busiest
注意:如果-y前面是元音字母,则直接加。如:gay → gayer → gayest
形容词和副词
④ 以“单个元音字母 + 单个辅音字母”结尾:双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -er和-est
big → bigger → biggest ( 元音i + 辅音g )
hot → hotter → hottest (元音o + 辅音t )
thin → thinner → thinnest (元音i + 辅音n )
形容词和副词
(2) 多音节形容词(三个音节及以上)和大多数双音节形容词在原级前加 more (比较级) 和 most (最高级)
beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful
important → more important → most important
difficult → more difficult → most difficult
形容词和副词
注意:有些双音节词用 more和most分别表达比较级和最高级
以 -ful, -less, -ing, -ous, -ish 结尾的形容词
useful → more useful → most useful
boring → more boring → most boring
famous → more famous → most famous
形容词和副词
2. 比较级和最高级的不规则变化
有些常用形容词的变化完全不遵循规则,需要单独记忆。
good / well → better → best (well表示“身体好”时是形容词 )
bad / ill → worse → worst (ill 表示“坏的”时是形容词 )
many / much → more → most
little → less → least
far → farther / further→ farthest / furthest
farther: 指实际距离更远;further: 指抽象程度“进一步”
old → older / elder→oldest / eldest
older: 指年龄更大或更旧;elder: 只指家庭成员中年长的,只作定语
形容词和副词
3. 比较级和最高级的用法
① 比较级用于两者比较,常与 than 连用。
This box is heavier than that one.
She is more intelligent than I am.
② 表示“越来越...”用“比较级 + and + 比较级”。
The weather is getting colder and colder.
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.
形容词和副词
③ 表示“越...就越...”用“the + 比较级+(主+谓), the + 比较级+(主+谓)”。
The older I get, the happier I am.
The more you practice, the better your English will be.
④ 最高级用于三者及以上比较,前面要加定冠词 the,后面常接表示范围的介词短语(如 in..., of...)。
He is the tallest student in our class.
This is the most interesting book of the three.
真题再现
1. (2025年新课标1卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63. ____________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65. __________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
解析:考查形容词和副词。句意: 涂说是黑白棋子的平衡、棋子策略性布局的美感、以及每一步棋背后能量的流动启发了艺术家们为展览创造了油画、雕塑、数字生成的图形和网丝印刷品。根据句意以及placement(n. 布局)、generated(v. 生成)可知,strategic形容词作定语修饰placement, digitally副词作状语修饰generated, 故填stragetic和digitally.
strategic
digitally
真题再现
2. (2025年新课标2卷) ... chickens are always free-range, and 37. _______ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
central
解析:考查形容词。句意:鸡一直是自由散养的,中央供暖是不存在的。根据句意以及heating(n. 供暖)可知,考查形容词作定语修饰名词,故填central。
真题再现
3. (2025年北京卷) Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11. __________ (peace), especially around sunset.
peaceful
解析:考查形容词。句意:放学后的很多时候,我喜欢和我的狗Nick在森林里散步。这里很平静,尤其是日落前后。根据句意以及系动词is可知,考查形容词作表语,故填peaceful。
真题再现
4. (2024年新课标1卷) The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57. __________(function) structure that is also beautiful.
functional
解析:考查形容词。句意:最新的工程技术被应用以此创造出这种具有保护作用且多功能的结构,这种结构也很漂亮。根据句意以及structure(n. 结构)可知,考查形容词作定语修饰名词,故填functional。
真题再现
5. (2024年新课标1卷) In cold weather, the structure stays 59. ________ (close) to protect the plants.
closed
解析:考查形容词。句意:在寒冷的冬季,这种结构保持关闭状态以此保护这些植被。根据句意以及系动词stay可知,考查形容词作表语,故填closed。
真题再现
6. (2024年全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the 49. ______ (large) United States national park...
largest
解析:考查形容词最高级。句意:黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园。根据句意以及冠词the可知,考查形容词最高级,故填largest。
真题再现
7. (2023年全国乙卷) The 64. _________(remark) development of this city means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
remarkable
解析:考查形容词。句意:这座城市显著的发展意味着在这里总是可以发现新事物,在接下来50年我可以一直用相机记录北京。根据句意以及development(n. 发展)可知,考查形容词作定语修饰名词,故填remarkable。
真题再现
8. (2023年新课标1卷) Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56. _______ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
tasty
解析:考查形容词。句意:小笼包,这些精巧绝伦的饺子皮包裹着鲜美的汤汁和鲜嫩的肉馅,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃,没有之一。根据句意以及soup(n. 汤)可知,考查形容词作定语修饰名词,故填tasty。
真题再现
9. (2023年新课标1卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64. ________ (rare)enough...
rarely
解析:考查副词。句意:不管我在哪里买小笼包,一笼根本不够。根据句意以及enough(adj. 足够的)可知,考查副词作状语修饰形容词,故填rarely。
真题再现
10. (2023年新课标2卷) 63. ________ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life
Basically
解析:考查副词。句意:从根本上来说,如何描述熊猫的生活呢?根据句意可知,考查副词作状语修饰句子,又因以-ic结尾的形容词变副词在词尾加-ally,且位于句首,故填Basically。
真题再现
11. (2022年全国甲卷) Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 61. ____________ (meaning).
meaningful
解析:考查形容词。句意:曹认为这会这次徒步旅行变得更加有意义。根据句意以及make可知,考查形容词作宾补,译为“使...变得...”,故填meaningful。
真题再现
12. (2021新高考1卷) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 4. ______ (hot) the spring!
hotter
解析:考查形容词比较级。句意:关于温泉,令人惊讶的是气温变得越冷,温泉越热。根据句意以及固定句式: the + 比较级+主语+谓语,the+比较级+主语+谓语,译为 “越...就越...”可知,考查形容词比较级,又因以“单个元音字母 + 单个辅音字母”结尾:双写词尾辅音字母加-er, 故填hotter。
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