专项复习：连词 课件(共2张PPT)-2025届高三下学期英语一轮复习专项

(共32张PPT)
连词
知识点一 、连词的种类和功能
用来连接两个或者两个以上功能相等的成分和引导从句的词称为连词。连词属于虚词，在句中不能单独充当句子成分。
连词分成两类：并列连词和从属连词。
1.并列连词
并列连词用来连接两个或者两个以上功能相等的成分（例如：两个或者两个以上的定语、状语等），它能够避免重复，精练语句，承上肩下。给句子添加逻辑意义等。
2.从属连词
从属连词用来引导名词性从句（即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句）和副词性从句（即状语从句）。之所以称为从属连词，是因为从属连词引导的句子是主句中的一个成分。
从属连词可以分成两类：引导名词性从句的从属连词和引导副词性从句的从属连词。
知识点二 、并列连词的用法
表示并列关系的并列连词
这类词主要有：and 和； both...and... ......和......都； as well as 也，又
not only...but also... 不仅.....而且......； neither... nor... 既不......也不......;
Go along the street and you will find the library.沿着这条街走你就会找到图书馆。
Both my father and my mother are workers.我的爸爸妈妈都是工人。
Not only you but also he wants to go hiking.不仅你，而且他也想去徒步旅行。
Neither I nor he has been to Beijing before. 我和他以前都没去过北京。
He as well as I is responsible for it.不但是我，他对此事也有责任。
一
both...and...连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数
not only...but also...和neither... nor...连接并列主语时，谓语动词符合“就近原则”
as well as 连接并列主语时，谓语动词符合“就前原则”
表示选择关系的并列连词
此类词有：or 或者；否则； either...or...要么......要么......; rather than 而不是；whether...or... 是......还是......
eg.Which do you prefer, white or black 你更喜欢哪一个，白色还是黑色？
Put on your coat, or you'll catch a cold.穿上你的衣服，否则你会感冒的。
Either you or I am right.要么你是对的，要么我是对的。
Please tell us whether to go or not. 请告诉我们是去还是留下。
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是个海员，不如说他是个探险者。
二
either...or...连接并列主语时，谓语符合“就近原则”
注意！ 祈使句+or+陈述句 前后是对立的 祈使句+and+陈述句 前后是统一的
eg. Study hard, or you won't pass the exam. 努力学习，否则你通不过考试。
and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，你就会通过考试。
两者都可以转换成if 引导的条件状语从句，但要去掉or和and.
If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exam.
If you study hard,you will pass the exam.
表示转折关系的并列连词
此类词有：but 但是； yet然而。
eg. I want to help you , but I really don't know what to do .
我想帮你，但是我真的不知道该做些什么。
eg.She had only a little food left, yet she decided to give it to the poor.
她只有一点食物了，然而她决定给穷人一些。
三
注意！
but 与however 意思相近，但but 常用于口语，however是较正式的说法；
but放在句中，however放在句首、句中或句末。
but 之后一般不使用逗号，而however 则必须要用逗号与句子其它部分隔开。
but不能和although连用。
表示因果关系的并列连词
此类词有：so 于是，所以； for 因为，由于；
for 补充说明理由，不用于句首。
eg. He is not at school, for hr has a bad cold today.
他没在学校，因为他今天得了严重的感冒。
so 表示结果。
I didn't catch the early bus, so I was late for school.
我没有赶上早班车，因此我迟到了。
四
链接高考
1.He speaks English French. Instead, he speaks German.
A.either;or B.not only;but also C.both;and D.neither;nor
2.Practice more, you'll do better in playing chess.
A.but B.and C.when D.after
3.-Would you like to go to the cartoon show with me
-It sounds like fun, I'm too busy.
A.so B.for C.or D.but
D
B
D
知识点三 、从属连词的用法
（1）引导名词性从句的从属连词：
①that，本身无词义，在从句中也不充当句子成分；引导宾语从句时往往略。
例如：I find that most of the students have their own opinions.
There was nobody else inside the house and it means that I couldn't get any help.
②which哪一个，哪些。
例如：I haven't decided which courses I'm going to take next term.
③who谁。
例如： Who do you think will teach us the Literature
④what什么。
例如：What he said is nonsense.
I'm considering what you have proposed.
一
⑤whether（..or not）/ if是否。
例如：I wonder whether it's true or not.
I've no idea if she will accept my invitation.
⑥how如何，怎样；多么（表示方式和程度）。
例如：My parents care about how often I write to them.
⑦why 为什么（表示目的和原因）。
例如:I want to find out exactly why the accident happened.
Please tell me why you are leaving.
⑧when何时（表示时间）。
例如：When the conference will be held has not been decided yet.
⑨where哪儿。
例如：Where the tour guide led us was a place of interest.
We'll return where we come from.
引导主语从句和表语从句要用“whether”，不能用“if”。
（2）引导副词性从句的从属连词：
①引导时间状语从句。
A.after 在……之后。
例如：After I typed the letter，I printed it out.
B.before在……之前。
例如：Before we knoched at the door, it opened automatically.
C. when 当……时；在……之后（或之前）；就在那个时候。
例如：The girl was out of sight when we looked around.
D...had hardly...when（有时也用before)刚……就……
例如：We'd hardly got (Hardly had we got) to the cinema when the film started.
They had hardly got on the bus before it arrived there.
E.while 在……期间；另一方面。
例如:Miss Jin will be in charge of the company while the manager is out for a meeting.
F.（just)as当，随着，一边……一边……。
例如：Just as I was having a shower, the telephone rang.
As I set off early this morning, it rained suddenly and heavily.
As time went by, the beautiful young girl changed into an old lady.
And there was much talk and laughter as they ate.
G.until（till)（持续）到……为止；not...until直到……才。
例如：They didn't go home until the teacher allowed them to do so.
H.once一旦。
例如:Once you talk to him, you'll know he is a kind gentleman.
I. as soon as—……就。
例如：As soon as I got on the train， it started to move.
J.since自从（主句用完成时态，从句用一般过去时）。
例如：I have worked in this company since I was appointed.
How long is it since you two first met
②引导地点状语从句。
where（某地方）。
例如：Where there is a will, there is a way.
③引导原因状语从句。
A.because因为（不能和reason连）
例如：I do it, because I like it.
I can not laugh àt him, because he is the only person that helped me out of the trouble.
B.as由于。
例如：As it's raining cats and dogs, you'd better not leave right now.
C.since由于，既然。
例如：Since you have come, stay here for more days.
Since English is quite different from Chinese, it's not easy to learn it well.
D.now that 既然（放在句首）。
例如：Now that everybody is here, we can say that more clearly.
④引导目的状语从句。
A.（so）that；so以便（通常放在句尾；从句中用情态动词；主、从句之间不用逗号）。
例如:They locked the barn so that nobody else could get into it.
B.in order that为了，以便（放在句尾）。
例如：He tried to say that in English in order that the foreign guests could understand him.
解析2019年试题
试题6. Speak louder everyone in the room can hear you clearly.
A. In order to
B. so that
C. because
D. since
解析：B。题意：请大声说以便让房间里的每个人都能够听清楚。
此题考查目的状语从句的应用，“in order to”后面接动词原形；“so that”后面接从
句，故答案选择B。
⑤引导结果状语从句。
A.so that 所以（放在句尾）。
例如：It snowed heavily last night, so that we could not drive to work.
B.so+形容词或者副词+that从句，意为“如此……以致”。
例如：The news was so exciting that they could hardly say a word.
C.such+名词+that从句，意为“如此……以致”。
例如:He had such food for dinner that he had no strength to work.
⑥引导条件状语从句。
A.假如。
例如：If we're not interested in your project, we'll not contact you.
B.unless除非，如果不（常放在句尾）。
例如：We needn't meet unless you are free.
C.in case以免，万一，以防（常放在句尾）。
例如：Please be sure to take your ID card with you in case they'll check it.
D.as（so)long as只要（常放在句尾）。
例如:You will surely get the certifieate as long as you study hard.
⑦引导让步状语从句。
A. though（although）虽然（不能和“but”搭配使用，但是可以和“yet”搭配使用）。
例如:He is polite and honest, although the teacher doesn't consider him as a good
student.
Although it was almost noon, the sun had not come up.
B.even if； even though即使，纵然（常放在句尾）。
例如：I'll come even if it rains.
She still regards me as her stepmother even if I treat her well.
C.as虽然，尽管（as引导的从句必须用倒装结构；常放在句首）。
例如：Young as she was, she understands what adults mean.
Try as he would, he couldn't open it.
D.whether 不管，是否。
例如：I'll decorate the house whether I rent it myself or share it with my friend.
E. no matter what(when，how，etc.）无论什么（何时，怎样，……）。
例如：No matter what you are going to say, I won't change my mind.
F.以“ever”结尾的词（whatever,however + adj./ ad.，wherever,etc.）不论......
例如：However fast the hare ran, the tortoise arrived first.
We won't believe you whatever you say.
Whenever he comes to Kunming, he'll call me.
⑧引导比较状语从句（参见形容词、副词部分）。
⑨引导方式状语从句。
A.（just)as按照，正如。
例如：The earth goes around the sun, just as the moon goes around the earth.
B.as if（as though）好像，宛如（从句中也可以用虚拟语气）。
例如：He sat till, watching TV as though he hadn't seen me.
注意！
when、while、as 都表示“当......的时候”，但when 引导的从句中谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，主、从句所陈述的动作可以同时发生，也可以有先后；while引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的，侧重主,从句动作同时发生；as引导一个持续性动作，主、从句动作同时发生，强调“一边......一边......"。
As soon as he arrives, I will call you. 他一到我就给你打电话。
Mr. Green waited until his children came back. 格林先生一直等到孩子们回来。
I didn't go to bed until my mother came back.直到妈妈回来我才去睡觉。
I have worked in this factory since I was twenty years old.
从我20岁起，我就在这家工厂上班。
主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，即符合“主将从现”结构
当主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句用肯定形式，表示动作或状态一直持续到until 所表示的时间为止，此时until 意为“直到......”；当主句的谓语动词时非延续性动词时，主句用否定形式，即not...until...，意为“直到......才.....",表示主句的动作直到until 所表示的时间才开始。
since 引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时或构成"It is+时间段+since+从句“结构
引导条件状语从句的从属连词
此类词有：if 如果， unless 除非， as long as 只要。
if, unless, as long as引导条件状语从句时，若主句为一般将来时或祈祷句及含有情态动词can, may, must 等时，从句用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”。
eg. If you go to the party, you will have a great time.
如果你去参加聚会，你将会玩得很高兴。
You will miss the bus unless you hurry up.=If you don't hurry up, you will miss the bus.
你要是不快点，就会错过公交车。
As long as you work hard, you will succeed.只要你好好学习，你就会成功。
二
unless 在含义上相当于if...not...,一般情况下两者可以互换
拓展：if 也可以引导宾语从句，意为“是否”；而在条件状语从句中意思是“如果”。
引导原因状语从句的从属连词
此类词有： because 因为， as由于， since 既然。
1. because 语气最强烈，表示直接原因，用来回答why 引导的问句。另外，because 和 so 不能同时出现在一个句子中，只能用其中一个，翻译成汉语时，仍然是“因为......,所以......"。
eg. I was late for school because I didn't catch the early bus.
= I didn't catch the early bus so I was late for school.
因为我没赶上早班车，所以我上学迟到了。
2. since 因为，既然，语气较because 弱。since引导的从句常位于句首。
eg. Since everyone is here, let's begin our lesson. 既然大家都来了，咱们上课吧。
3.as 由于，语气最弱，常说明比较明显的原因。
eg. As is cold outside, we will put on our overcoats.
因为外边冷，所以我们要穿上外套。
三
引导目的状语从句的从属连词
此类词有： so that 为了，以便， in order that 以便，为了。
eg. The teacher spoke loudly so that/ in order that we could hear him clearly.
老师说话声音很大，以便我们能够清晰的听到他说话。
He worked day and night so that/ in order that he could succeed.
=He worked day and night so as to/ in order to succeed.
他夜以继日地工作，为的是取得成功。
四
so that 和 in order that 引导的目的状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可和so as to do 和in order to do 结构相换。
引导结果状语从句的从属连词
此类词有：so 因此、所以， so...that..., such...that... 如此......以至于......
He studied hard, so he passed the exam. 他学习努力，因此他通过了考试。
so...that... 和 such... that...的用法区别如下：
1.so+形容词/副词+that从句
eg. This box is so heavy that I can't carry it.这个盒子太重，我搬不动。
2.so+形容词+a/an +单数名词+that 从句=such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that 从句
eg. She is so lovely a girl that we all like her.
=She is such a lovely girl that we all like her.
她是一个如此可爱的女孩，我们都喜欢她。
3.such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+that 从句
eg.It's such good advice that I'll accept it.这个建议很好，我会接受它。
They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.
他们都是非常善良的教师，村庄里的人们都很尊重他们。
五
4.so...that... 和 such... that...的用法区别如下：
eg.He has so many books that I can't count them. 他有很多书，我数也数不清。
注意！
so...that...句式有时可以和 too...to... 或（not）...enough to do sth.结构互换。
eg.
He is so young that he can't go to school.他太小了，还不能去上学。
=He is too young to go to school.
=He is not old enough to go to school.
当名词前有 many,much, little,few等词修饰时，只能用so ,不能用such.常构成“so many/much/little/few +名词+ that 从句”结构。
引导让步状语从句的从属连词
此类词有：though/although 虽然、尽管， even if/ even though即使。
eg. Although/ Though it is a very small country, it is very rich.
虽然它只是个小国家，但是它却很富有。
Even if /though you were here yesterday, you couldn't help him.
即使昨天你在这，你也帮不了他。
六
although/though 不能和but 出现在同一个句子里，只能用其中一个
引导宾语从句的从属连词
此类词有：if/whether 是否， when 什么时候， why 为什么， where 在哪里，
that （没有词义，仅起引导从句的作用）等。
eg.We know that the earth goes around the sun.
我们知道地球绕着太阳转。
Can you tell me if/whether he will come tomorrow
你能告诉我他明天是否会来吗？
I want to know why he was late for school yesterday.
我想知道昨天他为什么迟到。
七
引导定语从句的从属连词
此类词有：that, who, which, whom, when, where, why 和 whose。
eg. I prefer the music that I can dance to.
我喜欢我能随之跳舞的音乐。
This is the village where he was born.
这就是他出生的村庄。
I live in a house whose window faces south.
我住在一个窗户朝南的房子里。
八
链接高考：
1. It was raining heavily, we decided to stay at home and watch TV.
A.but B.or C.because D.so
2.-Will you please give this message to Helen
-Sure. I'll give it to her she arrives here.
A.until B.although C.before D.as soon as
3.- I really enjoy Chinese food!
-Me too. My mouth was watering I watched the TV program A Bite of China.
A.when B.before C.since D.after
D
D
A
Thanks