Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元测试卷（含答案） -2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元测试卷（含答案） -2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 34.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-16 23:38:16 | ||
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2025-2026学年高一上学期人教版英语必修一
单元测试卷（Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS）
（满分:120分 建议用时:120分钟）
第一部分 单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
( ) 1. Up to now, more than seven million people by the drought.
A. are affected B. are affecting C. have affected D. have been affected
( ) 2. He was so in his work that he didn't notice that it was already midnight.
A. devoted B. buried C. occupied D. addicted
( ) 3. The fire lasted nearly two days, nearly nothing valuable.
A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. leave
( ) 4. The young man his new car when an accident happened.
A. is driving B. drove C. had driven D. was driving
( ) 5. At this point, it suddenly me that I was wasting my time.
A. occurred B. struck C. happened D. thought
( ) 6. It is said that the new timetable will tomorrow.
A. come into effect B. have an effect on
C. in effect D. bring into effect
( ) 7. When the girl studied in England, she lived with a host family members always helped her.
A. who B. what C. whose D. that
( ) 8. My father is the first person to I will turn for help when I meet difficulties.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
( ) 9. The kind couple treat the girl as if she their own daughter.
A. were B. has been C. had been D. is
( ) 10. he went, he was warmly welcomed by local people.
A. Somewhere B. Nowhere C. Anywhere D. Everywhere
第二部分 阅读(40分)
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Here are four student podcasts (播客) that offer a glimpse into the minds of students and what they say about news concerning climate in their communities — and what they hope to do about it.
Behind the Scenes of the Mosquito Fire
In a 10-episode series, a sixth-grade class at the Georgetown School of Innovation in Georgetown, Calif, shares stories from the damaging Mosquito Fire in 2022. This group of eight students asks two firefighters from the Georgetown Fire Department what it's like to fight fires and protect loved ones in their hometown.
Fires: Set Ablaze
At Chautauqua Elementary, the Vashon fifth-graders talk about the far-reaching and lasting impact of wildfires and wildfire smoke — and the direct effects on their lives, like waiting for the school bus on a smoky day. The students also interview experts and share their research on wildfire precautions (预防措施).
Flowing Through Time
In this podcast from Peak Academy, a group of eight middle schoolers reports on decaling with water shortages in Bozeman, Montana. They trace the history of their growing hometown's water supply, which has been dependent on mountain snowmelt. As that source becomes less reliable in a warming world, the students turn to the grown-ups to ask what they can do to save water.
Washed Away
The deadly flooding in eastern Kentucky last year forever changed the lives of high schoolers: Ryley Bowman, Carolina Johnson and Hunter Noble. The three classmates at Morgan County High School in West Liberty, Ky., share firsthand accounts of their own and their family's experiences during the floods.
( ) 11. Who shows interest in firefighters' stories
A. Peak Academy students.
B. Chautauqua Elementary students.
C. Morgan County High School students.
D. Georgetown School of Innovation students.
( ) 12. Which podcast shows concern for saving water
A. Washed Away. B. Fires: Set Ablaze.
C. Flowing Through Time. D. Behind the Scenes of the Mosquito Fire.
( ) 13. What do Fires: Set Ablaze and Washed Away have in common
A. They refer to experts' research results.
B. They explore the causes of climate change.
C. They share students' personal experiences.
D. They discuss precautions for natural disasters.
B
Seven-year-old Mariam and her younger brother Ilaaf were sleeping peacefully in their home near Haram, Syria, when disaster struck. The 7.8 magnitude earthquake trapped them under the rubble (碎砖), and it was only after a day and a half that rescuers finally reached them. In the video of the rescue, which was a bright sight in the disaster, Mariam can be seen placing her hand gently over her brother's head to protect him from the rubble. Lovingly, she strokes (轻抚) his hair to keep him calm while speaking with the rescue workers.
The rescue workers worked hard to free them. Later, the pair were pulled from the ruins and relaxed on a bed after being checked medically. The kids were then resting comfortably and had been reunited with their entire family. They'll begin the long journey of healing as the family processes what happened.
Their father Mustafa Zuhir Al-Sayed told media that he, his wife, and three children were all sleeping when the earthquake hit. “We felt the ground shaking…and rubble began falling over our head, and we stayed two days under the rubble,” he said. “We are feeling like it's the end of the world.” The family was awaiting their fate until others heard them and stepped in to rescue the family.
In the days since the deadly earthquake, rescuers have been working around the clock to rescue those trapped under the rubble. As the total number of deaths rise to over 19,000, every living person and animal pulled from the rubble is being celebrated as a victory.
But those survivors are still badly in need of help. Even before the natural disaster, the United Nations stated that 70% of Syrians needed humanitarian assistance (人道主义援助). Because of the disaster, that number is expected to reach even higher.
If you would like to help, Global Giving has started a Turkey and Syria earthquake relief fund.
( ) 14. What did Mariam do to protect her brother during the rescue
A. She held him in her arms.
B. She sheltered him from the rubble.
C. She covered his body with her own.
D. She asked the rescuers to save him first.
( ) 15. What did Mustafa Zuhir Al-Sayed's description of the earthquake show
A. His family experienced extreme helplessness.
B. He was not actually trapped under the rubble.
C. His family was well-prepared for such a disaster.
D. He felt a sense of achievement for helping others.
( ) 16. What do we know about the situation in Syria
A. People there lived well before the earthquake.
B. The earthquake has taken less than 19,000 lives.
C. Things were getting worse after the earthquake.
D. The rescue job was over soon after the earthquake.
( ) 17. What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A. To praise the brave acts of a trapped girl.
B. To praise the great efforts of the rescuers.
C. To tell a family's hope during an earthquake.
D. To introduce an earthquake and call for help.
C
When hurricanes, floods and fires hit, everyone can struggle to respond and cope, but new research suggests that women, people with kids under 18, renters and the poor are the most vulnerable (易受影响的) to weather disasters. “These groups need special help before disasters occur to make sure that they’re equipped to act,” said lead researcher Smitha Rao, an assistant professor of social work at the Ohio State University.
“Focusing on vulnerable groups, understanding their specific barriers and connecting them to resources within the community are key strategies to ensure no one is left behind when a disaster strikes,” Rao said in a university news release.
For the study, Rao's team used data from the 2018 Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Household Survey, which asked over 4,700 Americans questions about their preparedness for disasters. Rao's team looked at factors linked with preparedness. They found that believing in being ready for disasters was tied with being at least adequately prepared. However, people who didn't believe in their ability to act in an emergency were less likely to be prepared, the findings showed.
It was no surprise that poor people were less likely to be prepared, Rao said. People who are strenuous to meet day-to-day needs often don't have the ability and resources to plan for everyday events, let alone for disasters, she said.
Rao's group also found that people who had received information about preparing for a disaster were more likely to be prepared. “But 56% of the sample reported not receiving any information on preparedness in the past six months, so this is an important area of intervention (干预),” she said. “We need to find ways to help those who are most at risk of the consequences (后果) of disasters.”
( ) 18. How did the researchers get their findings
A. By interviewing people. B. By doing an experiment.
C. By turning to earlier data. D. By doing daily observations.
( ) 19. What might have effects on people's preparedness for a possible disaster
A. Their family. B. Their confidence.
C. Their personality. D. Their determination.
( ) 20. What do the underlined words “are strenuous” mean in Paragraph 4
A. Struggle. B. Intend. C. Decide. D. Agree.
( ) 21. What can be done to help vulnerable groups prepare for a disaster in Rao's opinion
A. Providing them with material assistance.
B. Improving their skills to survive a disaster.
C. Educating them on various natural disasters.
D. Offering disaster-related information to them.
D
In a natural disaster — a hurricane, flood, volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes — minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death. Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying how to best analyse and communicate this information once it is obtained.
On September 29, 1998, Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi, Mississippi, after damaging Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean badly with heavy rains and winds up to 160 km per hour. Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the US, although hundreds died in the Caribbean. This was a very different result, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6,000 people. Vastly improved hurricane warnings explain the different circumstances at either end of the 20th century — residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance, allowing for extensive safety precautions.
At the same time that people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana were less satisfied. A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans. Emergency management officials must begin evacuations (疏散) well before a storm strikes. But evacuation costs money. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city's preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million dollars. After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs.
The different views on the early warnings for Hurricane Georges show some of the complexities (复杂) related to predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information to the government officials and other decision makers who must respond to those predictions.
( ) 22. What is the purpose of disaster prediction according to the passage
A. To find out the cause of disasters.
B. To save people lives and reduce damage.
C. To prevent natural disasters happening.
D. To apply advanced technology to disaster prediction.
( ) 23. Which of the following areas suffered the most severe damage
A. Puerto Rico. B. New Orleans.
C. Biloxi, Mississippi. D. Galveston, Texas.
( ) 24. The city residents of New Orleans were unsatisfied because .
A. their preparations were made in vain
B. the hurricane warning arrived rather late
C. the forecast hurricane did not hit the city
D. they suffered from a heavy hurricane attack
( ) 25. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The different ways of disaster prediction.
B. Technological advances in disaster prediction.
C. The benefits and preparations of disaster prediction.
D. The importance and uncertainty of disaster prediction.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Lightning is a beautiful and inspiring phenomenon, but it can be deadly. Over the past 30 years, lightning has killed an average of 67 people per year in the US alone. 26 . Follow these steps to safety the next time there's fire in the sky.
Find shelter immediately
If you find yourself caught in a lightning storm, never stand under a tree, and avoid being close to power lines as they're both excellent conductors (导体) of electricity and could potentially cause death, if not serious injury.
27 . It's the key to minimising danger.
Watch out for dangers
Windows provide a direct path for the lightning to travel. Keep windows closed, stay away from them and try to stay within inner rooms of the structure. 28 . Using a landline phone is the main cause of lightning-related injuries. Lightning can travel into the home from through any material that conducts electricity. This includes landlines, electrical wiring, and plumbing.
29
Being near water is extremely dangerous during a lightning storm, so move away from the body of water. If you are fishing, swimming or on a boat, get out of the water immediately and hurry back to the bank.
Stay inside
Stay inside at least 30 minutes after the last strike. Don't go out just because the rain is starting to let up. There is still a significant risk of lightning strikes from a departing storm. 30 .
Lightning is dangerous, but you can minimise your risk. The advice is simple: increase the awareness of avoiding danger and master proper knowledge to protect yourself from a thunderstorm.
A. Get away from the water B. Prepare enough water C. Go to hospital quickly D. Don't touch anything metal or electrical E. Find shelter near or under a stony shelter F. Wait for news that the danger has passed G. Fortunately, most lightning-related deaths are preventable
第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
LoAnna and Kris' kids were playing outside on a sunny Saturday. Suddenly LoAnna heard a huge sound. She
31 outside to see a wide mud, sand, and rock thundering down the hill. She phoned Kris 32 and Kris sped back home. But traffic had come to a 33 . Kris had to run.
Suddenly, he heard a woman screaming for help. As he 34 the sound through mud, he only saw an arm reaching up, holding a boy. Kris kept her talking while 35 the wood, metal trapping the mother and child. Finally, he was able to 36 the baby. By this time, other citizens had made it to the site. With others taking the 37 in rescuing the woman, Kris continued his way home.
Soon, he heard a(n) 38 moan (呻吟) from the ruins again. The man buried was about twice Kris' weight and, 39 , he'd have to wait for more help. Hearing a helicopter above, Kris climbed up on the roof, and led a rescuer to the trapped man. Once the rest of the helicopter crew arrived, Kris left to find his 40 . Hours later, Kris reached home. His truck was 41 , and so were LoAnna and the others. He
42 cars and houses nearby to find other survivors and then walked back to the rescue team. Not long after he arrived, his truck came into 43 . LoAnna pulled over and ran to him. He hugged her tightly and spoke with relief, “Let's go home.”
Over the next several weeks, 43 bodies were 44 . Just nine survivors were luckily pulled from the mud, all of them on that day. Kris was 45 by the Red Cross for his heroic deeds.
( ) 31. A. rushed B. wandered C. jumped D. broke
( ) 32. A. immediately B. accidentally C. cautiously D. deliberately
( ) 33. A. head B. stop C. conclusion D. point
( ) 34. A. recorded B. appreciated C. analysed D. followed
( ) 35. A. setting aside B. taking off C. pulling away D. giving out
( ) 36. A. feed B. free C. comfort D. treat
( ) 37. A. lead B. advantage C. opportunity D. risk
( ) 38. A. frightening B. awkward C. annoying D. painful
( ) 39. A. however B. therefore C. moreover D. anyway
( ) 40. A. partners B. shelter C. family D. belongings
( ) 41. A. abandoned B. loaded C. dirty D. gone
( ) 42. A. replaced B. checked C. moved D. repaired
( ) 43. A. effect B. sight C. existence D. play
( ) 44. A. received B. delivered C. recovered D. cured
( ) 45. A. recognised B. employed C. promoted D. greeted
第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
Natural disasters are events caused by nature that can cause a lot of damage. They can harm the environment, destroy buildings, 46. even take lives. It's important to know about them so we can be prepared.
A common natural disaster is the earthquake. Earthquakes happen when the ground 47. (shake) because of movements in the Earth's crust (地壳). This shaking can cause buildings and roads 48. (fall) down, leading to injuries and deaths.
Another 49. (power) natural disaster is the hurricane. Hurricanes are strong storms that form over warm ocean waters. They bring heavy rain, 50. can cause flooding, and damage buildings, and strong winds. The Atlantic hurricane season is from June 51. November, and places like the Caribbean and the southeastern United States are often affected.
52. (flood) are another type of natural disaster that can happen almost anywhere. Flooding occurs when there is too much water, 53. (usual) from heavy rain, rivers overflowing, or melting snow. Floods can damage homes and roads.
Even though we cannot stop natural disasters, we can prepare for them. It's important to follow safety guidelines, have 54. emergency kit ready, and stay informed about the risks in your area. By learning about natural disasters, we can better protect 55. (we) and our communities.
第五部分 写作（40分）
第一节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
56. A landslide is a kind of (灾害) which means a terrible large amount of earth and rocks falling down a cliff or the side of a mountain.
57. (干旱) is the direct cause of reduction in crop production this year.
58. People with rich (智慧) can make sensible decisions and give good advice based on their experience and knowledge.
59. You’d better place your phone within your reach in case of an (紧急情况).
60. Without (电), human life would be quite different today.
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题3分，共15分）
61. She's still , but she can stand it.
她还在震惊中，但是还能忍受。
62. People usually clean house before the Spring Festival because they want .
bad luck.
春节前人们通常打扫房子，因为他们想要扫除坏运气。
63. Whereas it to day, it is a story of genius.
虽然它如今倒在一片废墟中，但它却向世人讲述了一个传奇。
64. They questions.
他们轮流提问。
65. electric cars on the road is increasing.
路上的电动汽车数量在增加。
第三节 书面表达（共20分）
上周五你校组织学生去自然灾害体验馆(Natural Disaster Experience Hall)参加了一次活动，让学生在虚拟现实(VR)环境中体验自然灾害。请你用英文为学校微信公众号写一篇新闻报道，介绍该活动。内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动过程；
3.活动反响。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考答案与解析
一、单项选择：每小题1分，共10分。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
D B C D B A C B A D
二、阅读：每小题2分，共40分。
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
D C C B A C D C B A
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
D B D A D G E D A F
三、完形填空：每小题1分，共15分。
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A A B D C B A D B C
41 42 43 44 45
D B B C A
四、语法填空：每小题1.5分，共15分。
46. and 47. shakes 48. to fall 49. powerful 50. which
51. to 52. Floods 53. usually 54. an 55. ourselves
五、写作：40分
第一节 单词拼写（每小题1分，共5分）
56. disaster 57. Drought 58. wisdom 59. emergency 60. electricity
第二节 完成句子（每小题3分，共15分）
61. in shock 62. to sweep away 63. lies in ruins
64. take turns to ask 65. The number of
第三节 书面表达（20分）
【One possible version】
To help students learn more about natural disasters, our school organised an activity in the Natural Disaster Experience Hall last Friday.
During the activity, students learnt some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. They were also exposed to a VR environment where they deeply felt the strength and danger of natural pared to the knowledge they had learnt in class, what they experienced in person was more practical and impressive. Undoubtedly, the students had their survival skills boosted and they were deeply convinced of the importance of staying in harmony with nature.
This activity turned out to be an enormous success and all the participants spoke highly of it.
单元测试卷（Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS）
（满分:120分 建议用时:120分钟）
第一部分 单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
( ) 1. Up to now, more than seven million people by the drought.
A. are affected B. are affecting C. have affected D. have been affected
( ) 2. He was so in his work that he didn't notice that it was already midnight.
A. devoted B. buried C. occupied D. addicted
( ) 3. The fire lasted nearly two days, nearly nothing valuable.
A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. leave
( ) 4. The young man his new car when an accident happened.
A. is driving B. drove C. had driven D. was driving
( ) 5. At this point, it suddenly me that I was wasting my time.
A. occurred B. struck C. happened D. thought
( ) 6. It is said that the new timetable will tomorrow.
A. come into effect B. have an effect on
C. in effect D. bring into effect
( ) 7. When the girl studied in England, she lived with a host family members always helped her.
A. who B. what C. whose D. that
( ) 8. My father is the first person to I will turn for help when I meet difficulties.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
( ) 9. The kind couple treat the girl as if she their own daughter.
A. were B. has been C. had been D. is
( ) 10. he went, he was warmly welcomed by local people.
A. Somewhere B. Nowhere C. Anywhere D. Everywhere
第二部分 阅读(40分)
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Here are four student podcasts (播客) that offer a glimpse into the minds of students and what they say about news concerning climate in their communities — and what they hope to do about it.
Behind the Scenes of the Mosquito Fire
In a 10-episode series, a sixth-grade class at the Georgetown School of Innovation in Georgetown, Calif, shares stories from the damaging Mosquito Fire in 2022. This group of eight students asks two firefighters from the Georgetown Fire Department what it's like to fight fires and protect loved ones in their hometown.
Fires: Set Ablaze
At Chautauqua Elementary, the Vashon fifth-graders talk about the far-reaching and lasting impact of wildfires and wildfire smoke — and the direct effects on their lives, like waiting for the school bus on a smoky day. The students also interview experts and share their research on wildfire precautions (预防措施).
Flowing Through Time
In this podcast from Peak Academy, a group of eight middle schoolers reports on decaling with water shortages in Bozeman, Montana. They trace the history of their growing hometown's water supply, which has been dependent on mountain snowmelt. As that source becomes less reliable in a warming world, the students turn to the grown-ups to ask what they can do to save water.
Washed Away
The deadly flooding in eastern Kentucky last year forever changed the lives of high schoolers: Ryley Bowman, Carolina Johnson and Hunter Noble. The three classmates at Morgan County High School in West Liberty, Ky., share firsthand accounts of their own and their family's experiences during the floods.
( ) 11. Who shows interest in firefighters' stories
A. Peak Academy students.
B. Chautauqua Elementary students.
C. Morgan County High School students.
D. Georgetown School of Innovation students.
( ) 12. Which podcast shows concern for saving water
A. Washed Away. B. Fires: Set Ablaze.
C. Flowing Through Time. D. Behind the Scenes of the Mosquito Fire.
( ) 13. What do Fires: Set Ablaze and Washed Away have in common
A. They refer to experts' research results.
B. They explore the causes of climate change.
C. They share students' personal experiences.
D. They discuss precautions for natural disasters.
B
Seven-year-old Mariam and her younger brother Ilaaf were sleeping peacefully in their home near Haram, Syria, when disaster struck. The 7.8 magnitude earthquake trapped them under the rubble (碎砖), and it was only after a day and a half that rescuers finally reached them. In the video of the rescue, which was a bright sight in the disaster, Mariam can be seen placing her hand gently over her brother's head to protect him from the rubble. Lovingly, she strokes (轻抚) his hair to keep him calm while speaking with the rescue workers.
The rescue workers worked hard to free them. Later, the pair were pulled from the ruins and relaxed on a bed after being checked medically. The kids were then resting comfortably and had been reunited with their entire family. They'll begin the long journey of healing as the family processes what happened.
Their father Mustafa Zuhir Al-Sayed told media that he, his wife, and three children were all sleeping when the earthquake hit. “We felt the ground shaking…and rubble began falling over our head, and we stayed two days under the rubble,” he said. “We are feeling like it's the end of the world.” The family was awaiting their fate until others heard them and stepped in to rescue the family.
In the days since the deadly earthquake, rescuers have been working around the clock to rescue those trapped under the rubble. As the total number of deaths rise to over 19,000, every living person and animal pulled from the rubble is being celebrated as a victory.
But those survivors are still badly in need of help. Even before the natural disaster, the United Nations stated that 70% of Syrians needed humanitarian assistance (人道主义援助). Because of the disaster, that number is expected to reach even higher.
If you would like to help, Global Giving has started a Turkey and Syria earthquake relief fund.
( ) 14. What did Mariam do to protect her brother during the rescue
A. She held him in her arms.
B. She sheltered him from the rubble.
C. She covered his body with her own.
D. She asked the rescuers to save him first.
( ) 15. What did Mustafa Zuhir Al-Sayed's description of the earthquake show
A. His family experienced extreme helplessness.
B. He was not actually trapped under the rubble.
C. His family was well-prepared for such a disaster.
D. He felt a sense of achievement for helping others.
( ) 16. What do we know about the situation in Syria
A. People there lived well before the earthquake.
B. The earthquake has taken less than 19,000 lives.
C. Things were getting worse after the earthquake.
D. The rescue job was over soon after the earthquake.
( ) 17. What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A. To praise the brave acts of a trapped girl.
B. To praise the great efforts of the rescuers.
C. To tell a family's hope during an earthquake.
D. To introduce an earthquake and call for help.
C
When hurricanes, floods and fires hit, everyone can struggle to respond and cope, but new research suggests that women, people with kids under 18, renters and the poor are the most vulnerable (易受影响的) to weather disasters. “These groups need special help before disasters occur to make sure that they’re equipped to act,” said lead researcher Smitha Rao, an assistant professor of social work at the Ohio State University.
“Focusing on vulnerable groups, understanding their specific barriers and connecting them to resources within the community are key strategies to ensure no one is left behind when a disaster strikes,” Rao said in a university news release.
For the study, Rao's team used data from the 2018 Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Household Survey, which asked over 4,700 Americans questions about their preparedness for disasters. Rao's team looked at factors linked with preparedness. They found that believing in being ready for disasters was tied with being at least adequately prepared. However, people who didn't believe in their ability to act in an emergency were less likely to be prepared, the findings showed.
It was no surprise that poor people were less likely to be prepared, Rao said. People who are strenuous to meet day-to-day needs often don't have the ability and resources to plan for everyday events, let alone for disasters, she said.
Rao's group also found that people who had received information about preparing for a disaster were more likely to be prepared. “But 56% of the sample reported not receiving any information on preparedness in the past six months, so this is an important area of intervention (干预),” she said. “We need to find ways to help those who are most at risk of the consequences (后果) of disasters.”
( ) 18. How did the researchers get their findings
A. By interviewing people. B. By doing an experiment.
C. By turning to earlier data. D. By doing daily observations.
( ) 19. What might have effects on people's preparedness for a possible disaster
A. Their family. B. Their confidence.
C. Their personality. D. Their determination.
( ) 20. What do the underlined words “are strenuous” mean in Paragraph 4
A. Struggle. B. Intend. C. Decide. D. Agree.
( ) 21. What can be done to help vulnerable groups prepare for a disaster in Rao's opinion
A. Providing them with material assistance.
B. Improving their skills to survive a disaster.
C. Educating them on various natural disasters.
D. Offering disaster-related information to them.
D
In a natural disaster — a hurricane, flood, volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes — minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death. Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying how to best analyse and communicate this information once it is obtained.
On September 29, 1998, Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi, Mississippi, after damaging Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean badly with heavy rains and winds up to 160 km per hour. Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the US, although hundreds died in the Caribbean. This was a very different result, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6,000 people. Vastly improved hurricane warnings explain the different circumstances at either end of the 20th century — residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance, allowing for extensive safety precautions.
At the same time that people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana were less satisfied. A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans. Emergency management officials must begin evacuations (疏散) well before a storm strikes. But evacuation costs money. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city's preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million dollars. After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs.
The different views on the early warnings for Hurricane Georges show some of the complexities (复杂) related to predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information to the government officials and other decision makers who must respond to those predictions.
( ) 22. What is the purpose of disaster prediction according to the passage
A. To find out the cause of disasters.
B. To save people lives and reduce damage.
C. To prevent natural disasters happening.
D. To apply advanced technology to disaster prediction.
( ) 23. Which of the following areas suffered the most severe damage
A. Puerto Rico. B. New Orleans.
C. Biloxi, Mississippi. D. Galveston, Texas.
( ) 24. The city residents of New Orleans were unsatisfied because .
A. their preparations were made in vain
B. the hurricane warning arrived rather late
C. the forecast hurricane did not hit the city
D. they suffered from a heavy hurricane attack
( ) 25. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The different ways of disaster prediction.
B. Technological advances in disaster prediction.
C. The benefits and preparations of disaster prediction.
D. The importance and uncertainty of disaster prediction.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Lightning is a beautiful and inspiring phenomenon, but it can be deadly. Over the past 30 years, lightning has killed an average of 67 people per year in the US alone. 26 . Follow these steps to safety the next time there's fire in the sky.
Find shelter immediately
If you find yourself caught in a lightning storm, never stand under a tree, and avoid being close to power lines as they're both excellent conductors (导体) of electricity and could potentially cause death, if not serious injury.
27 . It's the key to minimising danger.
Watch out for dangers
Windows provide a direct path for the lightning to travel. Keep windows closed, stay away from them and try to stay within inner rooms of the structure. 28 . Using a landline phone is the main cause of lightning-related injuries. Lightning can travel into the home from through any material that conducts electricity. This includes landlines, electrical wiring, and plumbing.
29
Being near water is extremely dangerous during a lightning storm, so move away from the body of water. If you are fishing, swimming or on a boat, get out of the water immediately and hurry back to the bank.
Stay inside
Stay inside at least 30 minutes after the last strike. Don't go out just because the rain is starting to let up. There is still a significant risk of lightning strikes from a departing storm. 30 .
Lightning is dangerous, but you can minimise your risk. The advice is simple: increase the awareness of avoiding danger and master proper knowledge to protect yourself from a thunderstorm.
A. Get away from the water B. Prepare enough water C. Go to hospital quickly D. Don't touch anything metal or electrical E. Find shelter near or under a stony shelter F. Wait for news that the danger has passed G. Fortunately, most lightning-related deaths are preventable
第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
LoAnna and Kris' kids were playing outside on a sunny Saturday. Suddenly LoAnna heard a huge sound. She
31 outside to see a wide mud, sand, and rock thundering down the hill. She phoned Kris 32 and Kris sped back home. But traffic had come to a 33 . Kris had to run.
Suddenly, he heard a woman screaming for help. As he 34 the sound through mud, he only saw an arm reaching up, holding a boy. Kris kept her talking while 35 the wood, metal trapping the mother and child. Finally, he was able to 36 the baby. By this time, other citizens had made it to the site. With others taking the 37 in rescuing the woman, Kris continued his way home.
Soon, he heard a(n) 38 moan (呻吟) from the ruins again. The man buried was about twice Kris' weight and, 39 , he'd have to wait for more help. Hearing a helicopter above, Kris climbed up on the roof, and led a rescuer to the trapped man. Once the rest of the helicopter crew arrived, Kris left to find his 40 . Hours later, Kris reached home. His truck was 41 , and so were LoAnna and the others. He
42 cars and houses nearby to find other survivors and then walked back to the rescue team. Not long after he arrived, his truck came into 43 . LoAnna pulled over and ran to him. He hugged her tightly and spoke with relief, “Let's go home.”
Over the next several weeks, 43 bodies were 44 . Just nine survivors were luckily pulled from the mud, all of them on that day. Kris was 45 by the Red Cross for his heroic deeds.
( ) 31. A. rushed B. wandered C. jumped D. broke
( ) 32. A. immediately B. accidentally C. cautiously D. deliberately
( ) 33. A. head B. stop C. conclusion D. point
( ) 34. A. recorded B. appreciated C. analysed D. followed
( ) 35. A. setting aside B. taking off C. pulling away D. giving out
( ) 36. A. feed B. free C. comfort D. treat
( ) 37. A. lead B. advantage C. opportunity D. risk
( ) 38. A. frightening B. awkward C. annoying D. painful
( ) 39. A. however B. therefore C. moreover D. anyway
( ) 40. A. partners B. shelter C. family D. belongings
( ) 41. A. abandoned B. loaded C. dirty D. gone
( ) 42. A. replaced B. checked C. moved D. repaired
( ) 43. A. effect B. sight C. existence D. play
( ) 44. A. received B. delivered C. recovered D. cured
( ) 45. A. recognised B. employed C. promoted D. greeted
第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
Natural disasters are events caused by nature that can cause a lot of damage. They can harm the environment, destroy buildings, 46. even take lives. It's important to know about them so we can be prepared.
A common natural disaster is the earthquake. Earthquakes happen when the ground 47. (shake) because of movements in the Earth's crust (地壳). This shaking can cause buildings and roads 48. (fall) down, leading to injuries and deaths.
Another 49. (power) natural disaster is the hurricane. Hurricanes are strong storms that form over warm ocean waters. They bring heavy rain, 50. can cause flooding, and damage buildings, and strong winds. The Atlantic hurricane season is from June 51. November, and places like the Caribbean and the southeastern United States are often affected.
52. (flood) are another type of natural disaster that can happen almost anywhere. Flooding occurs when there is too much water, 53. (usual) from heavy rain, rivers overflowing, or melting snow. Floods can damage homes and roads.
Even though we cannot stop natural disasters, we can prepare for them. It's important to follow safety guidelines, have 54. emergency kit ready, and stay informed about the risks in your area. By learning about natural disasters, we can better protect 55. (we) and our communities.
第五部分 写作（40分）
第一节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
56. A landslide is a kind of (灾害) which means a terrible large amount of earth and rocks falling down a cliff or the side of a mountain.
57. (干旱) is the direct cause of reduction in crop production this year.
58. People with rich (智慧) can make sensible decisions and give good advice based on their experience and knowledge.
59. You’d better place your phone within your reach in case of an (紧急情况).
60. Without (电), human life would be quite different today.
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题3分，共15分）
61. She's still , but she can stand it.
她还在震惊中，但是还能忍受。
62. People usually clean house before the Spring Festival because they want .
bad luck.
春节前人们通常打扫房子，因为他们想要扫除坏运气。
63. Whereas it to day, it is a story of genius.
虽然它如今倒在一片废墟中，但它却向世人讲述了一个传奇。
64. They questions.
他们轮流提问。
65. electric cars on the road is increasing.
路上的电动汽车数量在增加。
第三节 书面表达（共20分）
上周五你校组织学生去自然灾害体验馆(Natural Disaster Experience Hall)参加了一次活动，让学生在虚拟现实(VR)环境中体验自然灾害。请你用英文为学校微信公众号写一篇新闻报道，介绍该活动。内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动过程；
3.活动反响。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考答案与解析
一、单项选择：每小题1分，共10分。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
D B C D B A C B A D
二、阅读：每小题2分，共40分。
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
D C C B A C D C B A
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
D B D A D G E D A F
三、完形填空：每小题1分，共15分。
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A A B D C B A D B C
41 42 43 44 45
D B B C A
四、语法填空：每小题1.5分，共15分。
46. and 47. shakes 48. to fall 49. powerful 50. which
51. to 52. Floods 53. usually 54. an 55. ourselves
五、写作：40分
第一节 单词拼写（每小题1分，共5分）
56. disaster 57. Drought 58. wisdom 59. emergency 60. electricity
第二节 完成句子（每小题3分，共15分）
61. in shock 62. to sweep away 63. lies in ruins
64. take turns to ask 65. The number of
第三节 书面表达（20分）
【One possible version】
To help students learn more about natural disasters, our school organised an activity in the Natural Disaster Experience Hall last Friday.
During the activity, students learnt some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. They were also exposed to a VR environment where they deeply felt the strength and danger of natural pared to the knowledge they had learnt in class, what they experienced in person was more practical and impressive. Undoubtedly, the students had their survival skills boosted and they were deeply convinced of the importance of staying in harmony with nature.
This activity turned out to be an enormous success and all the participants spoke highly of it.