狠抓同近义词，决胜新高考 清单素材-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

狠抓同近义词，决胜新高考
根据对近些年高考英语真题的研究，近些年的高考英语真题表现出一个明显的趋势，就是更加重视对学生英语能力的考查。尤其是听力和阅读。在听力中，经常会这样考查：听力音频中出现的词和选项中出现的词是该词的同义词或近义词。所以，有针对性地把英语的同义词和近义词摘出来，重点进行识记，有助于帮助学生迅速提高英语成绩。于是笔者浏览近五年的高考英语真题，梳理出以下同近义词，供各位老师和学生学习使用。
可以说，背诵同近义词，绝非简单的词汇量堆积，它是一项直接提升考试核心能力的战略性投资。
其重要作用主要体现在以下三个方面：其一，攻克阅读理解。从“读得懂”到“做得对”
阅读理解的核心是准确理解文章信息并将其与题目选项进行匹配。出题人为了增加难度，绝不会在题目中简单重复原文词汇，而是大量使用同义替换。当你熟记同近义词后，你就能瞬间识别出题目中的“different”就是原文中的“various”，“significant”就是原文中的“important”。这让你能快速定位原文信息，并看透选项的伪装，避免掉入“字面意思”的陷阱，从而大幅提高答题速度和正确率。其二，决胜完形填空，从“猜一下”到“选得准”。完形填空的四个选项常常是词义相近或形式相近的词汇。仅知道单词的基本意思远远不够，必须精确掌握其细微差别和搭配。系统背诵同近义词，实质上就是一次深度的词义辨析训练。你会清楚地知道“achieve”、“accomplish”、“attain”分别强调什么，“method”、“approach”、“way”在用法上有何不同。这让你在面对纠结的选项时，能有理有据地选出最贴合语境的最佳答案。
其三，提升写作水准：从“不出错”到“出彩”。高考作文评分标准中对词汇的丰富性和准确性有明确要求。如果全文只会反复使用“good”、“important”、“think”等基础词汇，很难获得高分。背诵同近义词为你提供了丰富的“词汇弹药库”。你可以将平淡的“good”替换为“beneficial”、“positive”或“awesome”，将“I think”升级为“I argue”、“I maintain”或“From my perspective”。这能让你的作文词汇多变、表达精准、语言地道，瞬间提升一个档次，给阅卷老师留下深刻印象。
总之，背诵同近义词，本质上是在构建一个相互关联的语义网络，而非记忆孤立的单词。它直接针对高考英语的命题思路，帮助你：更快地处理信息，更准地理解意图，更美地输出表达。这项工作是短期内突破分数瓶颈、实现成绩飞跃的最有效途径之一。祝各位能从中获得裨益。
一、动词类
look for / search for 寻找
take care of / look after 照顾
give up / abandon 放弃
continue / carry on 继续
suggest / recommend 建议
discover / find out 发现
achieve / accomplish 达成
improve / enhance 提高
explain / clarify 解释
choose / select 选择
expect / anticipate 期待
decide / determine 决定
provide / supply 提供
protect / preserve 保护
encourage / motivate 鼓励
avoid / evade 避免
reduce / decrease 减少
increase / rise 增加
complete / finish 完成
begin / start / commence 开始
end / conclude 结束
arrive / reach 到达
leave / depart 离开
build / construct 建造
destroy / demolish 破坏
change / alter 改变
develop / cultivate 发展
help / assist 帮助
ask / inquire 询问
answer / reply 回答
tell / inform 告诉
show / demonstrate 展示
teach / educate 教育
learn / acquire 学习
remember / recall 记住
forget / neglect 忘记
understand / comprehend 理解
think / consider 认为
believe / trust 相信
hope / wish 希望
join in / participate in 参加（活动）
quit / give up 放弃；停止
purchase / buy 购买
obtain / get 获得
require / need / demand 需要
wonder / want to know 想知道
realize / become aware of 意识到
appear / seem 似乎
become / turn into 变成
remain / stay 保持；停留
return / go back 返回
enter / go into 进入
approach / come near 接近
escape / get away 逃跑
prevent / stop 阻止
allow / permit 允许
promise / guarantee 承诺
apologize / say sorry 道歉
thank / express gratitude 感谢
congratulate / wish joy 祝贺
二、名词类
problem / issue 问题
solution / answer 解决方法
opportunity / chance 机会
goal / aim / objective 目标
reason / cause 原因
result / outcome 结果
effect / influence 影响
advantage / benefit 好处
disadvantage / drawback 缺点
difficulty / challenge 困难
success / achievement 成功
failure / defeat 失败
job / career / occupation 职业
hobby / interest 爱好
habit / custom 习惯
friend / companion 朋友
family / household 家庭
education / schooling 教育
knowledge / information 知识
skill / ability 技能
experience / background 经历
memory / recollection 记忆
dream / ambition 梦想
plan / scheme 计划
idea / concept 想法
opinion / view 观点
feeling / emotion 感觉
health / fitness 健康
environment / surroundings 环境
pollution / contamination 污染
resource / asset 资源
energy / power 能量
waste / garbage 垃圾
nature / environment 自然
art / artwork 艺术
culture / tradition 文化
language / tongue 语言
communication / conversation 交流
technology / tech 技术
innovation / invention 创新
task / mission 任务
duty / responsibility 责任
choice / option 选择
mistake / error 错误
accident / incident 事件；事故
event / occurrence 事件
scene / setting 场景
sight / view 景色
sound / noise 声音
voice / tone 嗓音
smell / scent 气味
taste / flavor 味道
touch / contact 接触
pressure / stress 压力
pleasure / delight 愉悦
pain / suffering 痛苦
comfort / consolation 安慰
danger / risk 危险
safety / security 安全
sign / signal 信号
symbol / mark 象征
clue / hint 线索
evidence / proof 证据
value / worth 价值
price / cost 价格
amount / quantity 数量
number / figure 数字
level / standard 水平
degree / extent 程度
part / section 部分
三、形容词类
important / significant 重要的
necessary / essential 必要的
possible / likely 可能的
difficult / hard / challenging 困难的
easy / simple 容易的
interesting / fascinating 有趣的
boring / dull 无聊的
exciting / thrilling 兴奋的
beautiful / attractive 美丽的
ugly / unattractive 丑陋的
big / large / huge 大的
small / tiny 小的
high / tall 高的
low / short 低的
long / lengthy 长的
short / brief 短的
fast / quick / rapid 快的
slow / sluggish 慢的
strong / powerful 强壮的
weak / feeble 虚弱的
rich / wealthy 富有的
poor / needy 贫穷的
happy / joyful 快乐的
sad / unhappy 悲伤的
angry / mad 生气的
calm / peaceful 平静的
nervous / anxious 紧张的
confident / sure 自信的
brave / courageous 勇敢的
afraid / scared 害怕的
tired / exhausted 疲倦的
healthy / fit 健康的
sick / ill 生病的
clean / tidy 干净的
dirty / messy 脏的
modern / contemporary 现代的
traditional / conventional 传统的
popular / common 流行的
rare / uncommon 罕见的
real / true / genuine 真实的
certain / sure 确定的
uncertain / unsure 不确定的
clear / obvious 清晰的
vague / unclear 模糊的
accurate / precise 精确的
incorrect / wrong 错误的
correct / right 正确的
formal / official 正式的
informal / casual 非正式的
public / open 公共的
private / personal 私人的
silent / quiet 安静的
noisy / loud 嘈杂的
bright / brilliant 明亮的
dark / dim 黑暗的
empty / vacant 空的
full / filled 满的
heavy / weighty 重的
light / lightweight 轻的
soft / gentle 柔软的
hard / tough 坚硬的
smooth / even 平滑的
rough / uneven 粗糙的
wet / damp 湿的
dry / arid 干的
fresh / new 新鲜的
old / ancient 古老的
young / youthful 年轻的
mature / grown-up 成熟的
immature / childish 不成熟的
四、副词类
quickly / rapidly 快速地
slowly / gradually 慢慢地
carefully / cautiously 小心地
suddenly / unexpectedly 突然地
usually / normally 通常
often / frequently 经常
sometimes / occasionally 有时
rarely / seldom 很少
never / not ever 从不
always / forever 总是
almost / nearly 几乎
completely / totally 完全地
partially / partly 部分地
easily / without difficulty 容易地
hard / with difficulty 困难地
well / properly 好地
badly / poorly 糟糕地
clearly / obviously 清楚地
quietly / silently 安静地
loudly / noisily 大声地
together / jointly 一起
alone / by oneself 独自
abroad / overseas 在国外
home / domestically 在国内
east / westward 向东
west / eastward 向西
north / southward 向北
south / northward 向南
inside / indoors 在内部
outside / outdoors 在外部
upstairs / downward 在楼上
downstairs / upward 在楼下
ahead / in front 在前面
behind / at the back 在后面
nearby / close by 在附近
far away / distant 在远处
everywhere / all over 到处
nowhere / not anywhere 无处
somewhere / someplace 某处
anywhere / anyplace 任何地方
五、短语与固定搭配
take part in / participate in 参加
look forward to / anticipate 期待
put off / postpone 推迟
call off / cancel 取消
set up / establish 建立
break down / fail 崩溃；失败
turn down / refuse 拒绝
turn up / appear 出现
run into / meet by chance 偶然遇见
get along with / be on good terms with 相处融洽
depend on / rely on 依赖
care about / be concerned about 关心
be interested in / have an interest in 对…感兴趣
be good at / excel in 擅长
be afraid of / fear 害怕
be proud of / take pride in 为…自豪
be responsible for / take charge of 负责
be satisfied with / be pleased with 满意
be familiar with / know well 熟悉
be different from / vary from 与…不同
in spite of / despite 尽管
because of / due to 因为
as a result / therefore 因此
for example / for instance 例如
such as / like 比如
in addition / besides 另外
on the other hand / conversely 另一方面
in conclusion / to sum up 总之
at first / initially 起初
in the end / finally 最后
so far / up to now 到目前为止
from time to time / occasionally 偶尔
once in a while / sometimes 有时
all of a sudden / suddenly 突然
by the way / incidentally 顺便说
in fact / actually 事实上
in my opinion / from my perspective 在我看来
make a decision / decide 做决定
make an effort / try hard 努力
make a mistake / err 犯错
have an impact on / affect 影响
play a role in / contribute to 起作用
take action / act 采取行动
take place / happen 发生
come true / be realized 实现
get rid of / eliminate 摆脱
look up to / admire 敬佩
look down on / despise 看不起
put up with / tolerate 忍受
catch up with / keep up with 赶上
fall behind / lag behind 落后
go through / experience 经历
carry out / implement 执行
figure out / solve 解决
point out / indicate 指出
give in / surrender 屈服
give out / distribute 分发
run out of / use up 用完
break out / erupt 爆发
calm down / relax 冷静下来look out / be careful 小心
hurry up / be quick 赶快
slow down / decelerate 慢下来
go away / leave 走开
come back / return 回来
go on / continue 继续
hold on / wait 稍等
give away / donate 捐赠
give back / return 归还
take back / retract 收回
bring up / raise 提出；养育
grow up / mature 长大
turn into / become 变成
break into / enter by force 闯入
belong to / be owned by 属于
consist of / be made up of 由...组成
deal with / handle 处理
talk about / discuss 讨论
think about / consider 考虑
worry about / be anxious about 担心
complain about / grumble about 抱怨
dream about / imagine 梦想
hear about / learn about 听说
know about / be aware of 了解
find out / discover 找出
point out / indicate 指出
work out / solve 解决；计算出
try out / test 试验
carry on / continue 继续
insist on / persist in 坚持
congratulate on / praise for 祝贺
depend on / rely on 依赖
live on / survive on 靠...为生
focus on / concentrate on 专注于
agree on / reach an agreement on 就...达成一致
comment on / remark on 评论
in advance / beforehand 提前
on time / punctually 准时
in time / early enough 及时
at once / immediately 立刻
right now / at this moment 现在
sooner or later / eventually 迟早
from now on / from this time forward 从现在开始
in the future / later 在未来
in the past / previously 在过去
at present / currently 目前
once again / one more time 再一次
over and over / repeatedly 反复地
in a word / in short 总之
in other words / that is to say 换句话说
look out / be careful 小心
hurry up / be quick 赶快
slow down / decelerate 慢下来
go away / leave 走开
come back / return 回来
go on / continue 继续
hold on / wait 稍等
give away / donate 捐赠
give back / return 归还
take back / retract 收回
bring up / raise 提出；养育
grow up / mature 长大
turn into / become 变成
break into / enter by force 闯入
belong to / be owned by 属于
consist of / be made up of 由...组成
deal with / handle 处理
talk about / discuss 讨论think about / consider 考虑
worry about / be anxious about 担心
complain about / grumble about 抱怨
dream about / imagine 梦想
hear about / learn about 听说
know about / be aware of 了解
find out / discover 找出
point out / indicate 指出
work out / solve 解决；计算出
try out / test 试验
carry on / continue 继续
insist on / persist in 坚持
congratulate on / praise for 祝贺
depend on / rely on 依赖
live on / survive on 靠...为生
focus on / concentrate on 专注于
agree on / reach an agreement on 就...达成一致
comment on / remark on 评论
in advance / beforehand 提前
on time / punctually 准时
in time / early enough 及时
at once / immediately 立刻
right now / at this moment 现在
sooner or later / eventually 迟早
from now on / from this time forward 从现在开始
in the future / later 在未来
in the past / previously 在过去
at present / currently 目前
once again / one more time 再一次
over and over / repeatedly 反复地
in a word / in short 总之
in other words / that is to say 换句话说