2026届高考英语二轮复习：语法-独立主格结构 课件 (共14张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习：语法-独立主格结构 课件 (共14张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 116.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-18 01:38:54 | ||
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文档简介
(共14张PPT)
独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)由两部分组成，前一部分是n.或者 pron ，后一部分是非谓语动词(动名词(V-ing)、不定式( to do )、现在分词、过去分词)或 形容词adj、副词adv、名词n 或 介词 prep短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。
独立主格结构
在英语中，谓语只能是动词，不是谓语的动词全部改成非谓语动词。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。
独立主格结构
名词 / 代词与 现在分词 之间是 主动关系。
(表示主动和正在进行)
姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。
如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。
1. 名词 n / 代词 pron + 现在分词
The girl staring at him(= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know what to say.
Time permitting ( = If time permits ), we will go for an outing tomorrow.
名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是被动关系。
( 表示 被动 和 已完成 )
随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。
由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。
2.名词 / 代词 + 过去分词
The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
Her glasses broken ( = Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.
名词 / 代词与不定式之间是主动关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。(表示将要发生的动作)
借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。
他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。
3. 名词 / 代词 + 不定式
He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.
They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore.
常用来说明名词或代词的性质,特征或所处的状态。
那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。
4.名词 / 代词 + 形容词 adj.
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive.
So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.
常用来说明名词或代词的性质,特征或所处的状态。
他把毛衣穿反了。
会议一结束，他们就都回家了。
5. 名词 / 代词 + 副词 adv.
He put on his sweater ,wrong side out.
The meeting over, they all went home.
常用来说明名词或代词的性质,特征或所处的状态。
那男孩手里拿着书去教室。
玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。
6. 名词 / 代词 + 介词短语
The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand.
Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door.
他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。
两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。
Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.
His first shot failure，he fired again.
7. 名词/代词 + 名词
with 引导的独立主格:与主句逻辑关系紧密
with + n./pron. + 现在分词
with + n./pron. + 过去分词
with + n./pron. + 不定式
with + n./pron. + adj.
with + n./pron. + adv.
with + n./pron. + 介词短语
2.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ----------( finish), he gladly accepted it.
1. With the 19th century being regarded as one of great women writers, there were also some excellent male authors.
虽然19世纪被认为是伟大的女作家辈出的世纪，这一时期也有一些优秀的男作家。（人教版U5）
finished
work 和finish 是被动关系，且finish这一动作发生在accept动作之前，所以用过去分词。
3. With so many problems --------------- (settle), the elected president is having a hard time.
4. You should not stand too close to home or her and should stand with your hands a little open to show that you are willing to listen.
to settle
由于有很多的难题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。表示将来的动作，所以用不定式。
你不应该站得离他太近或者太远，应该站着且把手微微张开，以表示你愿意倾听。
5. Our school looks beautiful with all lights on.
所有的灯都亮着，我们学校看起来很美。
6. They sit in small circles in the square, with their babies on their backs, completely uninterested in the tourists!
她们在广场上坐成一个个小圆圈，把婴儿背在背上，对游客丝毫不感兴趣。
独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)由两部分组成，前一部分是n.或者 pron ，后一部分是非谓语动词(动名词(V-ing)、不定式( to do )、现在分词、过去分词)或 形容词adj、副词adv、名词n 或 介词 prep短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。
独立主格结构
在英语中，谓语只能是动词，不是谓语的动词全部改成非谓语动词。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。
独立主格结构
名词 / 代词与 现在分词 之间是 主动关系。
(表示主动和正在进行)
姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。
如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。
1. 名词 n / 代词 pron + 现在分词
The girl staring at him(= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know what to say.
Time permitting ( = If time permits ), we will go for an outing tomorrow.
名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是被动关系。
( 表示 被动 和 已完成 )
随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。
由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。
2.名词 / 代词 + 过去分词
The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
Her glasses broken ( = Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.
名词 / 代词与不定式之间是主动关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。(表示将要发生的动作)
借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。
他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。
3. 名词 / 代词 + 不定式
He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.
They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore.
常用来说明名词或代词的性质,特征或所处的状态。
那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。
4.名词 / 代词 + 形容词 adj.
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive.
So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.
常用来说明名词或代词的性质,特征或所处的状态。
他把毛衣穿反了。
会议一结束，他们就都回家了。
5. 名词 / 代词 + 副词 adv.
He put on his sweater ,wrong side out.
The meeting over, they all went home.
常用来说明名词或代词的性质,特征或所处的状态。
那男孩手里拿着书去教室。
玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。
6. 名词 / 代词 + 介词短语
The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand.
Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door.
他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。
两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。
Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.
His first shot failure，he fired again.
7. 名词/代词 + 名词
with 引导的独立主格:与主句逻辑关系紧密
with + n./pron. + 现在分词
with + n./pron. + 过去分词
with + n./pron. + 不定式
with + n./pron. + adj.
with + n./pron. + adv.
with + n./pron. + 介词短语
2.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ----------( finish), he gladly accepted it.
1. With the 19th century being regarded as one of great women writers, there were also some excellent male authors.
虽然19世纪被认为是伟大的女作家辈出的世纪，这一时期也有一些优秀的男作家。（人教版U5）
finished
work 和finish 是被动关系，且finish这一动作发生在accept动作之前，所以用过去分词。
3. With so many problems --------------- (settle), the elected president is having a hard time.
4. You should not stand too close to home or her and should stand with your hands a little open to show that you are willing to listen.
to settle
由于有很多的难题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。表示将来的动作，所以用不定式。
你不应该站得离他太近或者太远，应该站着且把手微微张开，以表示你愿意倾听。
5. Our school looks beautiful with all lights on.
所有的灯都亮着，我们学校看起来很美。
6. They sit in small circles in the square, with their babies on their backs, completely uninterested in the tourists!
她们在广场上坐成一个个小圆圈，把婴儿背在背上，对游客丝毫不感兴趣。