2026届高考英语二轮复习：宾语从句课件(共38张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习：宾语从句课件(共38张PPT) |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-18 00:00:00 | ||
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(共38张PPT)
专题02宾语从句
01
02
04
05
03
06
宾语从句的注意事项
宾语从句的分类
宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句提升练
宾语从句能力提升检测
宾语从句概念
目录
C
ONTENTS
一、宾语从句概念
在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句，常放在及物动词、心理状态的形容词、介词或“及物动词+副词”类型的短语的后面。不管宾语从句的引导词是什么，从句一律用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语（+其他.）”结构。
重点
重点
重点
二、宾语从句的分类
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：及物动词后的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
难点
难点
难点
及物动词的宾语从句
I think that he is right.
She believes that honesty is the best policy.
He said that he would be late.
We know that the earth revolves around the sun
The teacher suggested [that we review chapter five.
介词的宾语从句
We talked about what happened yesterday.
It depends on whether the weather is good.
She learned a lot from what he said.
I know nothing except that he left early.
The plan is good in that it saves money.
形容词后面的宾语从句
I am sure that he will come.
She was afraid that she might fail the exam.
Are you aware that the meeting has been postponed
We are glad that you could join us.
He was surprised that they agreed so quickly.
三、宾语从句的引导词
1).that
2).whether/if
3)what, who, which, whose
4)when, where, why, how
That
1)连接主从 2) 不作成分 3) 没有任何意义 4)可以省略
He said (that) he was excited. 他说他很兴奋。
The child admitted that he stole the cookie. 那孩子承认他偷了饼干。
I know that patience has its limits. 我知道耐心是有限度的。
Whether/if
1) 连接主从 2)不作成分 3) 意为：是否
whether可省略为whether to do结构(if一般不这样)可与or not连用
The boss did not mention whether you were attending the party. 老板没有提到你是否参加聚会。
He seemed undecided whether to go or stay. 他似乎还没有决定去留。（可以省略为whether to do结构）
I asked him whether he had done it all himself or whether someone had helped him. 我问过他这都是他自己做的还是有人帮他做的。
I wonder if I should wear a coat or not. 我不知道该不该穿外套。
What/who/which/whose
1) 连接主从 2)作成分 3) 意为：什么/谁/哪个/谁的包括whatever/whoever/whichever/whom等
Dad cannot remember what Mom wants for Christmas. 爸爸不记得妈妈想要什么圣诞礼物。
My dog will eat whatever food I give him. 我给狗吃什么，它就吃什么。
Did you notice who broke the window 你注意到是谁打破了窗户吗
My coworker hates whoever keeps leaving the photocopier on. 我的同事讨厌老是开着复印机的人。
I wanted to know which school it was you went to. 我想知道你就读的是哪所学校。
Choose whichever brand you prefer. 挑选你喜欢的那个品牌
I wonder whose this is. 我不知道这是谁的。
You never know whom you may run into in an elevator! 你永远不知道在电梯里会遇到谁!
When/where/why/how
1) 连接主从 2)作成分 3) 意为：什么时候/哪里/为什么/怎样包括whenever/wherever等
I asked him when he'd be back to pick me up. 我问他什么时候回来接我
The old man knew where the treasure was kept. 老人知道宝藏藏在哪里。
Tell me why you did it. 告诉我你为什么这样做。
I'll show you how to load the software. 我给你演示一下如何装入这套软件
四、宾语从句的注意事项
1.否定前移
.在动词 think，believe，guess，suppose，be sure，be afraid 等词语之后的宾语从句，主句的否定式是从句否定的转移，主句为第一人称，反意疑问句要依照宾语从句的人称、时态提问。
否定转移 本来否定从句 却把否定放在了主句上
I don’t think you are right, are you
（不可能是 I don’t think you are right, do I 据叶斯柏森（Jesperson）说，I don’t think 之类只是起缓和语气的作用，主要意思在从句上。）
2. 不能省略 that 的宾语从句
句中有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，紧跟动词的宾语从句可以省去 that，其余的宾语从句前的 that 一般都不能省去
本质：如果全省略 就会出现后面的句子到底是宾语从句还是并列句的混和歧义 为避免出现这种情况不能全省
He said (that) the exhibition was excellent and that he wanted to visit it once more. 他说展览非常棒，他还想再看一次。
We realize (that) hiking can be hard work and believe that hikers need all our help. 我们意识到徒步旅行是项艰苦的活动，也相信徒步旅行者需要我们的全力帮助。
主句谓语和宾语从句之间有插入语或主句的状语时，宾语从句前的 that 不能省去。
本质：省略后导致后面句子变成并列句却没有连词的混乱
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our minister was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
就在那时我才注意的我们的部长第一次穿上了他的绿色大衣，戴上了他的丝质黑色礼帽。
在宾语从句中，that 之后紧接作主语或作定语的 that（或 this）时，that 不能省略。
本质：当第一个that省了 就会出现第二个that成为宾语从句引导词而后面从句没有主语的混乱 （名词性从句中that只是引导作用 不做从句成分）
He thought that that would be a good chance for him to go to visit the world-famous scientist. 他认为那可能是他拜访这位世界著名科学家的一次好机会。
介词 except，but，in 等后的宾语从句不能省去 that
特列说明：that引导的宾语从句一般不可做介词宾语 但 except，but，in 属于特例
本质：介词后面常跟 名词 动名词及短语 宾语从句 那么没有that 介词就和从句主语碰撞在一起而出现混乱和歧义
His article is very good except that there are only a few unfit sentences. 他的文章非常好，除了几个不太适合的句子。
3.只能用whether不能用if的情况:
①在介词后面:
I'm thinking of whether we should go fishing.
②在动词不定式前:
They asked me whether to go skating.
③当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时:I don't know whether he's free or not.
④放在句首时:
Whether this is true or not, I can't say.
五、宾语从句提升练
练习1：
1）我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
I think that you should turn to the teacher for help.
2) 我们有理由相信，她跟受害人很熟。
We have reason to believe that she knew the victim quite well.
3) 他坚称从没见过那女人。
He maintained that he had never seen the woman before.
4）我认为她没去过北京这事儿是真的。
I believe it true that she has never been to Beijing.
练习2：
1)我正在考虑是帮他还是让他自己做。
I am just wondering whether to help him or let him do it by himself.
2) 文化差异制约了国家之间是否能顺利沟通。
The cultural differences restricts whether countries can communicate smoothly or not.
2)他还没有决定是否要出国深造。
He hasn’t decided if/whether he’ll go abroad for further study.
练习3：
1）孩子们很期待在这次冒险中将遭遇什么。
Children really expect what they will encounter in this adventure.
2) 学生们知道该如何完成这项任务。
Students know how they can accomplish this task.
1)你知道今年的马拉松比赛谁拿了冠军吗？
Do you know who has won the champion in the marathon this year
2)她总想着如何才能为孩子们做得更多。
She is always thinking of how she can do more for her children.
练习4
1)我们应该注意老师课上说了什么。
We should pay attention to what teachers say in class.
2）和平爱好者认为核武器用于现代战争是不道德的。
Peace lovers regard it immoral that the nuclear weapons are used in modern warfare.
3）现在大家都知道地球是圆的。
Now everybody knows that the Earth is round.
4）你相信她说的吗？
Do you believe in what she has said
5)我们怀疑材料是否会在明天运到。
We doubt whether the material can be shipped here tomorrow.
6)老师问我们他的桌上是什么。
The teacher asked us what was on his desk.
7)他们确信能够做好那个工作。
They are confident that they can do the job well.
8)他命令我们立即出发。
He ordered that we should start at once.
六、宾语从句能力提升检测
六、宾语从句能力提升检测
①、单句语法填空
1．English learning websites provide a list of sources to show their information came from.
【答案】where
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：英语学习网站提供了一系列来源，以说明它们的信息来自哪里。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作show的宾语，从句中缺少地点状语，且指代“信息的来源之处”，应用连接副词where引导该宾语从句。故填where。
2.My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see we could book a farmhouse.
【答案】if/whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：我爸爸读了一本关于在乡村度假的宣传册，所以他决定打电话问问我们是否可以预订一个农舍。此处为连词引导的宾语从句，作see的宾语，从句中不缺少成分，结合语意，此处表达“是否”的含义，应用连词if或whether引导该宾语从句。故填if/whether。
3．I began my exercise slowly, with just five to ten minutes a day, which is what I recommend everyone aims for at the start.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我开始锻炼得很慢，每天只有5到10分钟，这是我建议每个人的初学者应该达到的目标。设空处引导宾语从句作recommend的宾语，从句中不缺少句子成分，只起到引导作用，无意义，故用that引导宾语从句。故填that。
4．Judy needs to take a lot of time identifying the necklace is something made out of shells or not.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：朱迪需要花费大量时间来辨别这条项链究竟是不是由贝壳制成的。空处位于动词identifying后引导宾语从句，结合句中的“or not”和句意可知, 应用连接词whether，表示“是否”。故填whether。
5．Jia once explained on her Weibo account: “The film is not related to weight loss and even has very little connection with boxing. It tells a kind person finds herself and learns to love herself.”
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：贾玲曾在微博上解释说：“这部电影与减肥无关，甚至与拳击也没有什么关系。它讲述了一个善良的人如何发现自己，学会爱自己。”分析句子可知，设空格处引导宾语从句，作动词“tells”的宾语。从句中主谓宾结构完整，结合句意“它讲述了一个善良的人如何找到自我并学会爱自己”，可知此处需表达“如何”，应用连接词副词“how”。故填 how。
6．One newly uploaded video showed she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques.
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她如何把一个柴房变成了一个林间衣帽间，另一个则展示了她运用中国漆器这一非物质文化遗产技艺的手艺。“______ she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom”是宾语从句，根据语境，这里表达的是视频展示了她“如何”把柴房变成衣帽间的，强调方式，用连接副词how引导从句，并在从句中作方式状语。故填how。
7．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始减少对从野外捕猎或采集的东西的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的作物。介词on后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，因此用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
8．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
【答案】whoever
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：金牌将颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。介词to后接宾语从句，从句中wins the first place缺少主语，表示“无论谁”获得第一名，强调“任何一个人”的概念，因此用引导词whoever引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于“anyone who”。故填whoever。
9．When I started running in my 30s,I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or or not I was athletic.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：当我在三十多岁开始跑步时，我意识到跑步是一场与自己的较量，而不是关乎竞争或者我是否擅长运动。空处引导about的宾语从句，宾语从句中成分完整，根据空后的or not可知，空处需要whether“是否”，引导该宾语从句。故填whether。
10．We must make it clear to the public something should be done to stop pollution.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们必须向公众明确表示，应该采取措施阻止污染。分析句子可知，本句中it为形式宾语，而something should be done to stop pollution为宾语从句作逻辑宾语，从句句意完成且不缺成份，所以应用that引导。故填that。
六、宾语从句能力提升检测
①、单句语法填空
1．English learning websites provide a list of sources to show their information came from.
【答案】where
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：英语学习网站提供了一系列来源，以说明它们的信息来自哪里。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作show的宾语，从句中缺少地点状语，且指代“信息的来源之处”，应用连接副词where引导该宾语从句。故填where。
2．My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see we could book a farmhouse.
【答案】if/whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：我爸爸读了一本关于在乡村度假的宣传册，所以他决定打电话问问我们是否可以预订一个农舍。此处为连词引导的宾语从句，作see的宾语，从句中不缺少成分，结合语意，此处表达“是否”的含义，应用连词if或whether引导该宾语从句。故填if/whether。
3．I began my exercise slowly, with just five to ten minutes a day, which is what I recommend everyone aims for at the start.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我开始锻炼得很慢，每天只有5到10分钟，这是我建议每个人的初学者应该达到的目标。设空处引导宾语从句作recommend的宾语，从句中不缺少句子成分，只起到引导作用，无意义，故用that引导宾语从句。故填that。
4．Judy needs to take a lot of time identifying the necklace is something made out of shells or not.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：朱迪需要花费大量时间来辨别这条项链究竟是不是由贝壳制成的。空处位于动词identifying后引导宾语从句，结合句中的“or not”和句意可知, 应用连接词whether，表示“是否”。故填whether。
5．Jia once explained on her Weibo account: “The film is not related to weight loss and even has very little connection with boxing. It tells a kind person finds herself and learns to love herself.”
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：贾玲曾在微博上解释说：“这部电影与减肥无关，甚至与拳击也没有什么关系。它讲述了一个善良的人如何发现自己，学会爱自己。”分析句子可知，设空格处引导宾语从句，作动词“tells”的宾语。从句中主谓宾结构完整，结合句意“它讲述了一个善良的人如何找到自我并学会爱自己”，可知此处需表达“如何”，应用连接词副词“how”。故填 how。
6．One newly uploaded video showed she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques.
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她如何把一个柴房变成了一个林间衣帽间，另一个则展示了她运用中国漆器这一非物质文化遗产技艺的手艺。“______ she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom”是宾语从句，根据语境，这里表达的是视频展示了她“如何”把柴房变成衣帽间的，强调方式，用连接副词how引导从句，并在从句中作方式状语。故填how。
7．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始减少对从野外捕猎或采集的东西的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的作物。介词on后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，因此用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
8．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
【答案】whoever
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：金牌将颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。介词to后接宾语从句，从句中wins the first place缺少主语，表示“无论谁”获得第一名，强调“任何一个人”的概念，因此用引导词whoever引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于“anyone who”。故填whoever。
9．When I started running in my 30s,I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or or not I was athletic.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：当我在三十多岁开始跑步时，我意识到跑步是一场与自己的较量，而不是关乎竞争或者我是否擅长运动。空处引导about的宾语从句，宾语从句中成分完整，根据空后的or not可知，空处需要whether“是否”，引导该宾语从句。故填whether。
10．We must make it clear to the public something should be done to stop pollution.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们必须向公众明确表示，应该采取措施阻止污染。分析句子可知，本句中it为形式宾语，而something should be done to stop pollution为宾语从句作逻辑宾语，从句句意完成且不缺成份，所以应用that引导。故填that。
11．As for computers, I will say (利远大于弊).
【答案】advantages largely outweigh disadvantages
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我认为，电脑利远大于弊。根据汉语提示“利远大于弊”，以及上文I will say可知此处应用宾语从句，“利”可以表示为advantage，“弊”表示为disadvantage，此处为泛指，应用复数形式；“大于”用动词outweigh；副词largely修饰动词，largely outweigh表示“远大于”。描述事实情况，用一般现在时。故填advantages largely outweigh disadvantages。
12． (我觉得这不公平) that I had to contribute my money.
【答案】I decided it was not fair
【详解】考查一般过去时和宾语从句。句意：我认为我必须捐钱是不公平的。由后面的had to可知，句子时态用一般过去时，“我觉得”是I decided，“这不公平”用宾语从句，可省略引导词that，翻译为it was not fair，因此空格处是I decided it was not fair，故填I decided it was not fair。
②、完成句子
13．He insisted that he anything.
他坚持说他从来没有偷过任何东西。
【答案】had never stolen
【详解】考查宾语从句。根据中英文提示可知，此处考查宾语从句，steal“偷”，结合语境可知从句原本应用现在完成时，但因主语是一般过去时，故从句用过去完成时，故填had never stolen。
14． (考虑到) Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.
【答案】Given that
【详解】考查介词和宾语从句。句意：考虑到袁隆平的杂交水稻已经使他相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休后过上休闲的生活。根据汉语提示，空处应用介词given，表示“考虑到”，后边的从句中不缺少成分，应用that引导宾语从句，given置于句首，首字母大写。故填Given that。
15． (为了查明这些人发生了什么事), a working group will be set up.
【答案】To find out what has happened to these people
【详解】考查动词短语和宾语从句。句意：为了查明这些人的情况，将成立一个工作组。根据中文提示可知，表示“为了查明”应用to find out ，为不定式，在本句中作状语；表示“这些人发生了什么事”应用what has happened to these people，为宾语从句，时态为现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响。故填To find out what has happened to these people。
16．Lily最终原谅了她的朋友，因为她意识到友谊比自尊心更珍贵。（Sb. did sth. because...）
【答案】Lily forgave her friend at last because she realized that friendship was more precious than pride.
【详解】考查动词、介词短语、原因状语从句、名词、宾语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子要求提示可知，表示“原谅”为动词forgive；表示“她的朋友”为名词her friend；表示“最终”应为介词短语at last，后接连词because表示“因为”引导的原因状语从句，表示“她”为she；表示“意识到”为动词realize；后接省略从属连词that引导的宾语从句，表示“友谊”为名词friendship；表示“比自尊心更珍贵”可译为be more precious than pride；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：Lily forgave her friend at last because she realized that friendship was more precious than pride.
③、翻译
17．这位建筑师通过数据库查看不同材料应用在建筑上的视觉效果。(search)
【答案】The architect searched a database to explore how different materials would look on the building.
【详解】考查动词时态和宾语从句。主语“这位建筑师”为the architect，位于句首“T”大写；谓语动词“查看”为search，结合语境，该句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，search的过去式为searched；宾语“数据库”为database，此处用单数a database；“为了……”用不定式to do表示目的，“探索”为explore；“不同材料”为different materials；“不同材料在建筑上呈现的视觉效果”通过how引导的宾语从句表示，从句时态用过去将来时would do，可译为how different materials would look on the building。故整句翻译为The architect searched a database to explore how different materials would look on the building。
18．需要什么能进入下一轮面试？ （qualify）
【答案】What does it take to qualify for the next round of the interview
【详解】考查动词和特殊疑问句。根据句意，句子是一个特殊疑问句，且描述的是一般情况，使用一般现在时；表示“需要什么”，“什么”是特殊疑问词what，位于句首，首字母需大写；“需要……做某事”常用固定句式“it takes... to do sth.”，这里是特殊疑问句，所以借助助动词does来构成疑问语序，it作形式主语；表示“进入（获得……资格）”用短语“qualify for”作谓语，助动词does提前变成一般疑问句，所以此处使用动词原形；“下一轮面试”是the next round of the interview，“to qualify for the next round of the interview” 是真正的主语部分。故翻译为What does it take to qualify for the next round of the interview
19．在法庭上，他坚持自己没犯抢劫罪。(guilty)
【答案】He insisted that he wasn’t guilty of robbing / robbery in court.
【详解】考查动词、名词和宾语从句。表示“坚称”应用insist，作主句谓语；从句中主语为he，“自己没犯抢劫罪”处理为宾语从句，表示“犯有……罪”短语为be guilty of，后跟动名词robbing或者名词robbery作宾语，表“抢劫”；表示“在法庭上”短语为in court，从句成份和意义都完整，用that引导。结合句意，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故翻译为He insisted that he wasn’t guilty of robbing/ robbery in court.
20．如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。（whatever）
【答案】If you can find whatever learning method suits you, your study/learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.
【详解】考查状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，表示“如果”为if引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“你”为you作主语，表示“能找到”为can find作谓语，表示“任何适合你的学习方法”可译为whatever引导的宾语从句，表示“学习方法”为learning method，whatever修饰learning method，表示“适合”为suit，用于一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为suits，表示“你”为you作宾语，所以，条件状语从句翻译为If you can find whatever learning method suits you；表示“你的学习效率就可能明显提高”为主句，表示“你的学习效率”为your study/learning efficiency作主句主语，表示“可能”为be likely to do，用于一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词为is，表示“明显提高”为improve remarkably，其中remarkably作状语修饰动词improve，所以主句翻译为your study/learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably。故翻译为If you can find whatever learning method suits you, your study/learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.
21．我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。（as…as）
【答案】I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
【详解】考查宾语从句和固定结构。句子描述的是现在的一种观点，应用一般现在时，句子为主从复合句，主句主语“我”用代词I，谓语动词“认为”为动词think，后接宾语从句，从句主语“你们的建议”译为your suggestion，“和……一样”用固定结构as…as，中间用形容词原级，“有价值的”是形容词valuable，故“和……一样有价值”为as valuable as，“他们的（建议）”用名词性物主代词theirs，相当于their suggestion，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用连接词that引导，且可以省略。故翻译为I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
22．我们不能想当然地认为自然资源是取之不尽用之不竭的。(grant)
【答案】We shouldn’t take it for granted that natural resources are always available for use and inexhaustible in supply.
【详解】考查短语、时态和宾语从句。“想当然地认为”用take it for granted that...，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句；“自然资源”用短语natural resource；“取之不尽用之不竭”翻译为be available for use and inexhaustible in supply；陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为We shouldn’t take it for granted that natural resources are always available for use and inexhaustible in supply.
23．他脸上坚定的表情表明他对自己有足够的信心。
【答案】The determined look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
【详解】考查形容词和宾语从句。根据句意，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以整句使用一般过去时；表示“坚定的表情”为the determined look作主语，位于句首，the的首字母需大写，表示“他脸上”为on his face，表示“表明”为show，用于一般过去时，所以谓语动词为showed作主句的谓语，所以主句译为“The determined look on his face showed”；表示“他对自己有足够的信心”为宾语从句作showed的宾语，表示“他”为he作从句的主语，表示“对……有信心”为have confidence in，用于一般过去时，谓语动词为had，表示“足够的”为enough 作定语修饰名词confidence，表示“自己”为himself作介词in的宾语，所以宾语从句译为“he had enough confidence in himself”；从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导宾语从句。故翻译为The determined look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
24．直到那时，我才意识到动物也知道如何表达它们的感激之情。
【答案】Only then did I realize that animals also know how to extend their appreciation.
【详解】考查倒装句和宾语从句。根据汉语提示可知，“动物也知道如何表达它们的感激之情”可以作为宾语从句，其中“动物”作主语，且表示泛指，译为animals；“也”译为also作状语；“知道”译为know作谓语，且“动物知道如何表达感激之情”是客观事实，此处用一般现在时；“如何表达它们的感激之情”可用“疑问词+to do”形式作know的宾语，译为“how to extend their appreciation”；“我意识到”是主句部分，根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时，宾语从句不缺成分，用that引导，故译为“I realized that”；“直到那时，我才……”可以用only then，且通常用于句子开头，句子主句部分用部分倒装，故译为“only then did I realize”，位于句子开头，注意首字母大写。故翻译为Only then did I realize that animals also know how to extend their appreciation.
25．在道别时，他意识到它对他生命的深刻影响。
【答案】As he bid farewell, he realized how deeply it had touched his life.
【详解】考查状语从句和宾语从句。as引导时间状语从句，主语为he；表示“道别”短语为bid farewell；主句主语为he；表示“意识到”为动词realize，后跟宾语从句；表示“它对他生命的深刻影响”为宾语从句；表示“深刻影响”可用how deeply，主语为it；表示“对他的生命”可用touch his life，从句表示过去的过去用过去完成时，主句和状语从句用一般过去时。故翻译为As he bid farewell, he realized how deeply it had touched his life.
thank you
专题02宾语从句
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宾语从句的注意事项
宾语从句的分类
宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句提升练
宾语从句能力提升检测
宾语从句概念
目录
C
ONTENTS
一、宾语从句概念
在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句，常放在及物动词、心理状态的形容词、介词或“及物动词+副词”类型的短语的后面。不管宾语从句的引导词是什么，从句一律用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语（+其他.）”结构。
重点
重点
重点
二、宾语从句的分类
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：及物动词后的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
难点
难点
难点
及物动词的宾语从句
I think that he is right.
She believes that honesty is the best policy.
He said that he would be late.
We know that the earth revolves around the sun
The teacher suggested [that we review chapter five.
介词的宾语从句
We talked about what happened yesterday.
It depends on whether the weather is good.
She learned a lot from what he said.
I know nothing except that he left early.
The plan is good in that it saves money.
形容词后面的宾语从句
I am sure that he will come.
She was afraid that she might fail the exam.
Are you aware that the meeting has been postponed
We are glad that you could join us.
He was surprised that they agreed so quickly.
三、宾语从句的引导词
1).that
2).whether/if
3)what, who, which, whose
4)when, where, why, how
That
1)连接主从 2) 不作成分 3) 没有任何意义 4)可以省略
He said (that) he was excited. 他说他很兴奋。
The child admitted that he stole the cookie. 那孩子承认他偷了饼干。
I know that patience has its limits. 我知道耐心是有限度的。
Whether/if
1) 连接主从 2)不作成分 3) 意为：是否
whether可省略为whether to do结构(if一般不这样)可与or not连用
The boss did not mention whether you were attending the party. 老板没有提到你是否参加聚会。
He seemed undecided whether to go or stay. 他似乎还没有决定去留。（可以省略为whether to do结构）
I asked him whether he had done it all himself or whether someone had helped him. 我问过他这都是他自己做的还是有人帮他做的。
I wonder if I should wear a coat or not. 我不知道该不该穿外套。
What/who/which/whose
1) 连接主从 2)作成分 3) 意为：什么/谁/哪个/谁的包括whatever/whoever/whichever/whom等
Dad cannot remember what Mom wants for Christmas. 爸爸不记得妈妈想要什么圣诞礼物。
My dog will eat whatever food I give him. 我给狗吃什么，它就吃什么。
Did you notice who broke the window 你注意到是谁打破了窗户吗
My coworker hates whoever keeps leaving the photocopier on. 我的同事讨厌老是开着复印机的人。
I wanted to know which school it was you went to. 我想知道你就读的是哪所学校。
Choose whichever brand you prefer. 挑选你喜欢的那个品牌
I wonder whose this is. 我不知道这是谁的。
You never know whom you may run into in an elevator! 你永远不知道在电梯里会遇到谁!
When/where/why/how
1) 连接主从 2)作成分 3) 意为：什么时候/哪里/为什么/怎样包括whenever/wherever等
I asked him when he'd be back to pick me up. 我问他什么时候回来接我
The old man knew where the treasure was kept. 老人知道宝藏藏在哪里。
Tell me why you did it. 告诉我你为什么这样做。
I'll show you how to load the software. 我给你演示一下如何装入这套软件
四、宾语从句的注意事项
1.否定前移
.在动词 think，believe，guess，suppose，be sure，be afraid 等词语之后的宾语从句，主句的否定式是从句否定的转移，主句为第一人称，反意疑问句要依照宾语从句的人称、时态提问。
否定转移 本来否定从句 却把否定放在了主句上
I don’t think you are right, are you
（不可能是 I don’t think you are right, do I 据叶斯柏森（Jesperson）说，I don’t think 之类只是起缓和语气的作用，主要意思在从句上。）
2. 不能省略 that 的宾语从句
句中有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，紧跟动词的宾语从句可以省去 that，其余的宾语从句前的 that 一般都不能省去
本质：如果全省略 就会出现后面的句子到底是宾语从句还是并列句的混和歧义 为避免出现这种情况不能全省
He said (that) the exhibition was excellent and that he wanted to visit it once more. 他说展览非常棒，他还想再看一次。
We realize (that) hiking can be hard work and believe that hikers need all our help. 我们意识到徒步旅行是项艰苦的活动，也相信徒步旅行者需要我们的全力帮助。
主句谓语和宾语从句之间有插入语或主句的状语时，宾语从句前的 that 不能省去。
本质：省略后导致后面句子变成并列句却没有连词的混乱
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our minister was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
就在那时我才注意的我们的部长第一次穿上了他的绿色大衣，戴上了他的丝质黑色礼帽。
在宾语从句中，that 之后紧接作主语或作定语的 that（或 this）时，that 不能省略。
本质：当第一个that省了 就会出现第二个that成为宾语从句引导词而后面从句没有主语的混乱 （名词性从句中that只是引导作用 不做从句成分）
He thought that that would be a good chance for him to go to visit the world-famous scientist. 他认为那可能是他拜访这位世界著名科学家的一次好机会。
介词 except，but，in 等后的宾语从句不能省去 that
特列说明：that引导的宾语从句一般不可做介词宾语 但 except，but，in 属于特例
本质：介词后面常跟 名词 动名词及短语 宾语从句 那么没有that 介词就和从句主语碰撞在一起而出现混乱和歧义
His article is very good except that there are only a few unfit sentences. 他的文章非常好，除了几个不太适合的句子。
3.只能用whether不能用if的情况:
①在介词后面:
I'm thinking of whether we should go fishing.
②在动词不定式前:
They asked me whether to go skating.
③当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时:I don't know whether he's free or not.
④放在句首时:
Whether this is true or not, I can't say.
五、宾语从句提升练
练习1：
1）我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
I think that you should turn to the teacher for help.
2) 我们有理由相信，她跟受害人很熟。
We have reason to believe that she knew the victim quite well.
3) 他坚称从没见过那女人。
He maintained that he had never seen the woman before.
4）我认为她没去过北京这事儿是真的。
I believe it true that she has never been to Beijing.
练习2：
1)我正在考虑是帮他还是让他自己做。
I am just wondering whether to help him or let him do it by himself.
2) 文化差异制约了国家之间是否能顺利沟通。
The cultural differences restricts whether countries can communicate smoothly or not.
2)他还没有决定是否要出国深造。
He hasn’t decided if/whether he’ll go abroad for further study.
练习3：
1）孩子们很期待在这次冒险中将遭遇什么。
Children really expect what they will encounter in this adventure.
2) 学生们知道该如何完成这项任务。
Students know how they can accomplish this task.
1)你知道今年的马拉松比赛谁拿了冠军吗？
Do you know who has won the champion in the marathon this year
2)她总想着如何才能为孩子们做得更多。
She is always thinking of how she can do more for her children.
练习4
1)我们应该注意老师课上说了什么。
We should pay attention to what teachers say in class.
2）和平爱好者认为核武器用于现代战争是不道德的。
Peace lovers regard it immoral that the nuclear weapons are used in modern warfare.
3）现在大家都知道地球是圆的。
Now everybody knows that the Earth is round.
4）你相信她说的吗？
Do you believe in what she has said
5)我们怀疑材料是否会在明天运到。
We doubt whether the material can be shipped here tomorrow.
6)老师问我们他的桌上是什么。
The teacher asked us what was on his desk.
7)他们确信能够做好那个工作。
They are confident that they can do the job well.
8)他命令我们立即出发。
He ordered that we should start at once.
六、宾语从句能力提升检测
六、宾语从句能力提升检测
①、单句语法填空
1．English learning websites provide a list of sources to show their information came from.
【答案】where
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：英语学习网站提供了一系列来源，以说明它们的信息来自哪里。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作show的宾语，从句中缺少地点状语，且指代“信息的来源之处”，应用连接副词where引导该宾语从句。故填where。
2.My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see we could book a farmhouse.
【答案】if/whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：我爸爸读了一本关于在乡村度假的宣传册，所以他决定打电话问问我们是否可以预订一个农舍。此处为连词引导的宾语从句，作see的宾语，从句中不缺少成分，结合语意，此处表达“是否”的含义，应用连词if或whether引导该宾语从句。故填if/whether。
3．I began my exercise slowly, with just five to ten minutes a day, which is what I recommend everyone aims for at the start.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我开始锻炼得很慢，每天只有5到10分钟，这是我建议每个人的初学者应该达到的目标。设空处引导宾语从句作recommend的宾语，从句中不缺少句子成分，只起到引导作用，无意义，故用that引导宾语从句。故填that。
4．Judy needs to take a lot of time identifying the necklace is something made out of shells or not.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：朱迪需要花费大量时间来辨别这条项链究竟是不是由贝壳制成的。空处位于动词identifying后引导宾语从句，结合句中的“or not”和句意可知, 应用连接词whether，表示“是否”。故填whether。
5．Jia once explained on her Weibo account: “The film is not related to weight loss and even has very little connection with boxing. It tells a kind person finds herself and learns to love herself.”
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：贾玲曾在微博上解释说：“这部电影与减肥无关，甚至与拳击也没有什么关系。它讲述了一个善良的人如何发现自己，学会爱自己。”分析句子可知，设空格处引导宾语从句，作动词“tells”的宾语。从句中主谓宾结构完整，结合句意“它讲述了一个善良的人如何找到自我并学会爱自己”，可知此处需表达“如何”，应用连接词副词“how”。故填 how。
6．One newly uploaded video showed she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques.
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她如何把一个柴房变成了一个林间衣帽间，另一个则展示了她运用中国漆器这一非物质文化遗产技艺的手艺。“______ she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom”是宾语从句，根据语境，这里表达的是视频展示了她“如何”把柴房变成衣帽间的，强调方式，用连接副词how引导从句，并在从句中作方式状语。故填how。
7．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始减少对从野外捕猎或采集的东西的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的作物。介词on后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，因此用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
8．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
【答案】whoever
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：金牌将颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。介词to后接宾语从句，从句中wins the first place缺少主语，表示“无论谁”获得第一名，强调“任何一个人”的概念，因此用引导词whoever引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于“anyone who”。故填whoever。
9．When I started running in my 30s,I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or or not I was athletic.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：当我在三十多岁开始跑步时，我意识到跑步是一场与自己的较量，而不是关乎竞争或者我是否擅长运动。空处引导about的宾语从句，宾语从句中成分完整，根据空后的or not可知，空处需要whether“是否”，引导该宾语从句。故填whether。
10．We must make it clear to the public something should be done to stop pollution.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们必须向公众明确表示，应该采取措施阻止污染。分析句子可知，本句中it为形式宾语，而something should be done to stop pollution为宾语从句作逻辑宾语，从句句意完成且不缺成份，所以应用that引导。故填that。
六、宾语从句能力提升检测
①、单句语法填空
1．English learning websites provide a list of sources to show their information came from.
【答案】where
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：英语学习网站提供了一系列来源，以说明它们的信息来自哪里。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作show的宾语，从句中缺少地点状语，且指代“信息的来源之处”，应用连接副词where引导该宾语从句。故填where。
2．My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see we could book a farmhouse.
【答案】if/whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：我爸爸读了一本关于在乡村度假的宣传册，所以他决定打电话问问我们是否可以预订一个农舍。此处为连词引导的宾语从句，作see的宾语，从句中不缺少成分，结合语意，此处表达“是否”的含义，应用连词if或whether引导该宾语从句。故填if/whether。
3．I began my exercise slowly, with just five to ten minutes a day, which is what I recommend everyone aims for at the start.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我开始锻炼得很慢，每天只有5到10分钟，这是我建议每个人的初学者应该达到的目标。设空处引导宾语从句作recommend的宾语，从句中不缺少句子成分，只起到引导作用，无意义，故用that引导宾语从句。故填that。
4．Judy needs to take a lot of time identifying the necklace is something made out of shells or not.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：朱迪需要花费大量时间来辨别这条项链究竟是不是由贝壳制成的。空处位于动词identifying后引导宾语从句，结合句中的“or not”和句意可知, 应用连接词whether，表示“是否”。故填whether。
5．Jia once explained on her Weibo account: “The film is not related to weight loss and even has very little connection with boxing. It tells a kind person finds herself and learns to love herself.”
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：贾玲曾在微博上解释说：“这部电影与减肥无关，甚至与拳击也没有什么关系。它讲述了一个善良的人如何发现自己，学会爱自己。”分析句子可知，设空格处引导宾语从句，作动词“tells”的宾语。从句中主谓宾结构完整，结合句意“它讲述了一个善良的人如何找到自我并学会爱自己”，可知此处需表达“如何”，应用连接词副词“how”。故填 how。
6．One newly uploaded video showed she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques.
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她如何把一个柴房变成了一个林间衣帽间，另一个则展示了她运用中国漆器这一非物质文化遗产技艺的手艺。“______ she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom”是宾语从句，根据语境，这里表达的是视频展示了她“如何”把柴房变成衣帽间的，强调方式，用连接副词how引导从句，并在从句中作方式状语。故填how。
7．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始减少对从野外捕猎或采集的东西的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的作物。介词on后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，因此用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
8．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
【答案】whoever
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：金牌将颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。介词to后接宾语从句，从句中wins the first place缺少主语，表示“无论谁”获得第一名，强调“任何一个人”的概念，因此用引导词whoever引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于“anyone who”。故填whoever。
9．When I started running in my 30s,I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or or not I was athletic.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查连词。句意：当我在三十多岁开始跑步时，我意识到跑步是一场与自己的较量，而不是关乎竞争或者我是否擅长运动。空处引导about的宾语从句，宾语从句中成分完整，根据空后的or not可知，空处需要whether“是否”，引导该宾语从句。故填whether。
10．We must make it clear to the public something should be done to stop pollution.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们必须向公众明确表示，应该采取措施阻止污染。分析句子可知，本句中it为形式宾语，而something should be done to stop pollution为宾语从句作逻辑宾语，从句句意完成且不缺成份，所以应用that引导。故填that。
11．As for computers, I will say (利远大于弊).
【答案】advantages largely outweigh disadvantages
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我认为，电脑利远大于弊。根据汉语提示“利远大于弊”，以及上文I will say可知此处应用宾语从句，“利”可以表示为advantage，“弊”表示为disadvantage，此处为泛指，应用复数形式；“大于”用动词outweigh；副词largely修饰动词，largely outweigh表示“远大于”。描述事实情况，用一般现在时。故填advantages largely outweigh disadvantages。
12． (我觉得这不公平) that I had to contribute my money.
【答案】I decided it was not fair
【详解】考查一般过去时和宾语从句。句意：我认为我必须捐钱是不公平的。由后面的had to可知，句子时态用一般过去时，“我觉得”是I decided，“这不公平”用宾语从句，可省略引导词that，翻译为it was not fair，因此空格处是I decided it was not fair，故填I decided it was not fair。
②、完成句子
13．He insisted that he anything.
他坚持说他从来没有偷过任何东西。
【答案】had never stolen
【详解】考查宾语从句。根据中英文提示可知，此处考查宾语从句，steal“偷”，结合语境可知从句原本应用现在完成时，但因主语是一般过去时，故从句用过去完成时，故填had never stolen。
14． (考虑到) Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.
【答案】Given that
【详解】考查介词和宾语从句。句意：考虑到袁隆平的杂交水稻已经使他相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休后过上休闲的生活。根据汉语提示，空处应用介词given，表示“考虑到”，后边的从句中不缺少成分，应用that引导宾语从句，given置于句首，首字母大写。故填Given that。
15． (为了查明这些人发生了什么事), a working group will be set up.
【答案】To find out what has happened to these people
【详解】考查动词短语和宾语从句。句意：为了查明这些人的情况，将成立一个工作组。根据中文提示可知，表示“为了查明”应用to find out ，为不定式，在本句中作状语；表示“这些人发生了什么事”应用what has happened to these people，为宾语从句，时态为现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响。故填To find out what has happened to these people。
16．Lily最终原谅了她的朋友，因为她意识到友谊比自尊心更珍贵。（Sb. did sth. because...）
【答案】Lily forgave her friend at last because she realized that friendship was more precious than pride.
【详解】考查动词、介词短语、原因状语从句、名词、宾语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子要求提示可知，表示“原谅”为动词forgive；表示“她的朋友”为名词her friend；表示“最终”应为介词短语at last，后接连词because表示“因为”引导的原因状语从句，表示“她”为she；表示“意识到”为动词realize；后接省略从属连词that引导的宾语从句，表示“友谊”为名词friendship；表示“比自尊心更珍贵”可译为be more precious than pride；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：Lily forgave her friend at last because she realized that friendship was more precious than pride.
③、翻译
17．这位建筑师通过数据库查看不同材料应用在建筑上的视觉效果。(search)
【答案】The architect searched a database to explore how different materials would look on the building.
【详解】考查动词时态和宾语从句。主语“这位建筑师”为the architect，位于句首“T”大写；谓语动词“查看”为search，结合语境，该句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，search的过去式为searched；宾语“数据库”为database，此处用单数a database；“为了……”用不定式to do表示目的，“探索”为explore；“不同材料”为different materials；“不同材料在建筑上呈现的视觉效果”通过how引导的宾语从句表示，从句时态用过去将来时would do，可译为how different materials would look on the building。故整句翻译为The architect searched a database to explore how different materials would look on the building。
18．需要什么能进入下一轮面试？ （qualify）
【答案】What does it take to qualify for the next round of the interview
【详解】考查动词和特殊疑问句。根据句意，句子是一个特殊疑问句，且描述的是一般情况，使用一般现在时；表示“需要什么”，“什么”是特殊疑问词what，位于句首，首字母需大写；“需要……做某事”常用固定句式“it takes... to do sth.”，这里是特殊疑问句，所以借助助动词does来构成疑问语序，it作形式主语；表示“进入（获得……资格）”用短语“qualify for”作谓语，助动词does提前变成一般疑问句，所以此处使用动词原形；“下一轮面试”是the next round of the interview，“to qualify for the next round of the interview” 是真正的主语部分。故翻译为What does it take to qualify for the next round of the interview
19．在法庭上，他坚持自己没犯抢劫罪。(guilty)
【答案】He insisted that he wasn’t guilty of robbing / robbery in court.
【详解】考查动词、名词和宾语从句。表示“坚称”应用insist，作主句谓语；从句中主语为he，“自己没犯抢劫罪”处理为宾语从句，表示“犯有……罪”短语为be guilty of，后跟动名词robbing或者名词robbery作宾语，表“抢劫”；表示“在法庭上”短语为in court，从句成份和意义都完整，用that引导。结合句意，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故翻译为He insisted that he wasn’t guilty of robbing/ robbery in court.
20．如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。（whatever）
【答案】If you can find whatever learning method suits you, your study/learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.
【详解】考查状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，表示“如果”为if引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“你”为you作主语，表示“能找到”为can find作谓语，表示“任何适合你的学习方法”可译为whatever引导的宾语从句，表示“学习方法”为learning method，whatever修饰learning method，表示“适合”为suit，用于一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为suits，表示“你”为you作宾语，所以，条件状语从句翻译为If you can find whatever learning method suits you；表示“你的学习效率就可能明显提高”为主句，表示“你的学习效率”为your study/learning efficiency作主句主语，表示“可能”为be likely to do，用于一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词为is，表示“明显提高”为improve remarkably，其中remarkably作状语修饰动词improve，所以主句翻译为your study/learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably。故翻译为If you can find whatever learning method suits you, your study/learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.
21．我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。（as…as）
【答案】I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
【详解】考查宾语从句和固定结构。句子描述的是现在的一种观点，应用一般现在时，句子为主从复合句，主句主语“我”用代词I，谓语动词“认为”为动词think，后接宾语从句，从句主语“你们的建议”译为your suggestion，“和……一样”用固定结构as…as，中间用形容词原级，“有价值的”是形容词valuable，故“和……一样有价值”为as valuable as，“他们的（建议）”用名词性物主代词theirs，相当于their suggestion，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用连接词that引导，且可以省略。故翻译为I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
22．我们不能想当然地认为自然资源是取之不尽用之不竭的。(grant)
【答案】We shouldn’t take it for granted that natural resources are always available for use and inexhaustible in supply.
【详解】考查短语、时态和宾语从句。“想当然地认为”用take it for granted that...，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句；“自然资源”用短语natural resource；“取之不尽用之不竭”翻译为be available for use and inexhaustible in supply；陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为We shouldn’t take it for granted that natural resources are always available for use and inexhaustible in supply.
23．他脸上坚定的表情表明他对自己有足够的信心。
【答案】The determined look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
【详解】考查形容词和宾语从句。根据句意，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以整句使用一般过去时；表示“坚定的表情”为the determined look作主语，位于句首，the的首字母需大写，表示“他脸上”为on his face，表示“表明”为show，用于一般过去时，所以谓语动词为showed作主句的谓语，所以主句译为“The determined look on his face showed”；表示“他对自己有足够的信心”为宾语从句作showed的宾语，表示“他”为he作从句的主语，表示“对……有信心”为have confidence in，用于一般过去时，谓语动词为had，表示“足够的”为enough 作定语修饰名词confidence，表示“自己”为himself作介词in的宾语，所以宾语从句译为“he had enough confidence in himself”；从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导宾语从句。故翻译为The determined look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
24．直到那时，我才意识到动物也知道如何表达它们的感激之情。
【答案】Only then did I realize that animals also know how to extend their appreciation.
【详解】考查倒装句和宾语从句。根据汉语提示可知，“动物也知道如何表达它们的感激之情”可以作为宾语从句，其中“动物”作主语，且表示泛指，译为animals；“也”译为also作状语；“知道”译为know作谓语，且“动物知道如何表达感激之情”是客观事实，此处用一般现在时；“如何表达它们的感激之情”可用“疑问词+to do”形式作know的宾语，译为“how to extend their appreciation”；“我意识到”是主句部分，根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时，宾语从句不缺成分，用that引导，故译为“I realized that”；“直到那时，我才……”可以用only then，且通常用于句子开头，句子主句部分用部分倒装，故译为“only then did I realize”，位于句子开头，注意首字母大写。故翻译为Only then did I realize that animals also know how to extend their appreciation.
25．在道别时，他意识到它对他生命的深刻影响。
【答案】As he bid farewell, he realized how deeply it had touched his life.
【详解】考查状语从句和宾语从句。as引导时间状语从句，主语为he；表示“道别”短语为bid farewell；主句主语为he；表示“意识到”为动词realize，后跟宾语从句；表示“它对他生命的深刻影响”为宾语从句；表示“深刻影响”可用how deeply，主语为it；表示“对他的生命”可用touch his life，从句表示过去的过去用过去完成时，主句和状语从句用一般过去时。故翻译为As he bid farewell, he realized how deeply it had touched his life.
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