【通用】【英语】【学法班会】读后续写——十句五定法【课件】(共59张PPT)

(共59张PPT)
这一次，我回来了！
十句话搞定读后续写
问题一：读不懂原文怎么办？
问题二：没东西写怎么办？
5R解读、4句大框架和3大原则（五四三法）
Analyze the story：5Rs
1. Read for characters（人物）
2. Read for conflict / problems（冲突/问题）
3. Read for plot（情节）
4. Read for emotional changes（情感变化）
5. Read for theme（主题）
5 R解读
5R解读、4句大框架和3大原则（五四三法）
两句衔接句：句1+句6 (描写心理/动作/情感，需积累情感/动作/心理描写语料库)
过渡句：句5 (过渡到第二段开头句)
主题句：句10（如家庭亲情突出亲情珍贵，遇险脱困突出勇敢，需积累主题语料库)
5句定框架
5R解读、4句大框架和3大原则（五四三法）
3 大原则
1. Action—Response原则 角色A的所作、所感，引起其他角色的反应：动作和情绪
2. Conflict—Solution原则 设置问题、冲突和对应的解决方案，要有曲折起伏
3. Negative—Positive原则 情感变化，积极正能量
“五句”定小框架
“五句”指的是三个衔接句：
①第一段首句衔接句
②第一段结尾句
③第二段首句衔接句
④一个正向结局句
⑤一个文尾升华句 (不一定有)
←由材料(尤其原文结尾)和第一段首句得出
←逆向思维，由第二段首句反推，且需要与第二段首句衔接
一框
←由第一段框架和第二段首句得出
←第二段首句与圆满结局
二框
其中第一段中的句1与句5，第二段中的句6，句9和句10共五句话基本是固定的，其他的句子安排根据具体情况可作轻微调整。
Para 1. 五句 首句+尾句固定 Para 2. 五句 首句+次尾句+尾句固定
定句1: 衔接提示句---情感/动作链/心理 定句6: 衔接提示句---情感/动作链/心理
句2: 运用三大原则 句7: 运用三大原则
句3: 运用三大原则 句8：运用三大原则
句4: 运用三大原则 定句9: 紧扣原文，交代结局
定句5: 过渡到P2首句 定句10:点睛主题
何为“十句五定法”？
剩余五个句子补充细节：情绪、动作、心理、语言、环境描写
十句五定，句子一、五、六、九和十确定了，剩下的五个句子写什么？
写什么句型
Para 1: 五句 高分句式
定 1: 衔接提示句--情绪/动作链 情感描写或者故事情节：
无灵主语句、动作链
句2: 细节描写：
非谓语、形容词作状语
句3: 对话描写、内心独白、心理活动
句4: 细节描写：
with复合结构、独立主格
定 5 : 过渡到P2首句 通过第二段第一句推断：
时间状语从句、定语从句
十句五定法
Para 2: 五句 高分句式
定 6: 衔接提示句--情绪/动作链 第二段第一句得出：
倒装
句7: 适当添加环境描写
句8: 无灵主语，呼应第一句的情绪变化
句9: 引出道理 强调句：
It was at that moment that I realized.....
定 10 : 升华主题、结尾正能量 万能结构结尾
如何写好第一句？
万能句型1：
a sense of/a wave of/a feeling of + 情绪名词 + welled up in one’s heart/within sb 一种……的感觉涌上某人的心头
A wave of warmth welled up in her heart.
一种温暖的感觉涌上某人的心头。
第1句：情感描写，万能情感句：
变形一：
sb. felt a great sense of +情绪名词+ welling up in one's heart and surging through sb.
某人感到一股强烈的......感觉在内心升腾，奔涌
She felt a great sense of horror welling up in her heart and surging through her.
她感到一股强烈的恐惧，在她心中升腾，奔涌。
万能句型2：At that very moment, within one's heart was a feeling of+情绪名词A, mixed with overwhelming+情绪名词, making sb....
(在那时，某人心里充满了A和难以抑制的B，使得某人....)
第1句：情感描写，万能情感句：
At that very moment, within my heart was a feeling of gratitude, mixed with overwhelming excitement, making me unable to utter any word.
在那时，我的心里充满了感激和难以抑制的兴奋，让我都说不出话来
如何写好过五、六过渡衔接句？
句型一：时间状语从句
时间状语从句：
when, after, before, as, while
At the moment + 句子，句子. 在…时，……
3. The minute/moment/instant + 句子, 句子 一…就…
4. sb be about to do sth when +句子 正要做某事时，突然另外一件事发生了
状语从句— 加上心理/事件/动作
状语从句写心理
Her heart raced with excitement as she opened the envelope (信封).
当他拆开信封的时，她兴奋得心跳加速。
Almost uncontrollably, a great wave of remorse washed over me as I heard the bad news.
当我听到这个坏消息时，几乎无法控制地，一股剧烈的悔恨冲刷着我。
Suddenly, an intense sense of remorse took hold of me the moment I heard the bad news.
听到这个坏消息的那一刻，突然，一股强烈的悔恨感抓住了我。
2. 状语从句写事件——表转折
Just when the situation hit a dead end, an unexpected solution emerged.
就在情况陷入僵局的时候，一个意想不到的解决方案出现了。
But this time/ Anyway from that day, things seemed different.
但是这次/从那天开始，事情变得不一样起来了。
2. 状语从句写事件——表转折
As the days slipped away, things began to change.
随着日子一天天流失，事情发生了变化。
Right when they were on the brink of giving up, hope came into sight.
就在他们在放弃的边缘时，希望出现了。
3. 状语从句写反应动作
At the moment I was at a loss, a gentle voice echoed. It was Mike.
正当我不知所措的时候，一个温柔的声音响起。原来是Mike！
When my performance concluded, the audience burst into thunderous applause.
当我表演结束时，观众席响起了雷鸣般的掌声。
As I stepped through the door, what greeted me was my mother’s warm embrace.
当我一踏进门，迎接我的是妈妈温暖的怀抱。
万能句型1： So+表情感的adj.+was/were+主语+that 从句
某人是如此的...以致于...
句型二：倒装
So sad was she that her eyes were full of tears.
她是如此的悲伤，她的眼睛里充满了泪水
万能句型2： No sooner had 主语 + done than sb . did 一.....就........
No sooner had she seen her crush than she couldn’t hold back her miss.
她一看到自己喜欢的人，就无法抑制自己的思念。
万能句型 3：表情绪的adj + as +sb was/were, sb did sth.
尽管某人......,某人做了某事
Proud as she was, the emperor still loved her.
尽管她很嚣张跋扈，皇帝依然还是很宠她。
如何写好第九句？
万能句型 : It was at that moment that Sb. realized that.....
Until that moment did I realized that....直到那时我才意识到
第9句：引出道理，强调句型：
It was at the moment that they realized that they were in love with the wrong person.
在那一刻，她们才意识自己爱错了人。
如何写好结尾感悟句？
万能句型 1:
It was at that moment that I came to enlightenmen that this experience was a testament of understanding, warmth and kindness.
就在那一刻，我终于明白，这次经历是理解、温暖和善意的见证。
第十句：结尾升华感悟
万能句型 2:
That experience was carved into my heart and nothing to be able to erase it.
那段经历深深地刻在我的心里，没有什么能够抹去它。
第十句：结尾升华感悟
万能句型 3:
Today's experience was like an everlasting flower blooming in a river of my memories.
今天的经历就像一朵永恒的花，盛开在我的记忆长河中。
第十句：结尾升华感悟
如何写好另外五个句子？
万能句型 1: Doing A ，主语＋谓语 B 或（主语＋谓语 A , doing B )
第六句：细节描写，非谓语结构：
Kneeling in the snow, Zhen Huan prayed silently, shivering from the biting wind.
跪在雪中，甄嬛默祷，冷风刺骨瑟瑟发抖。
万能句型 2: Having done A .., 主语＋谓语 B 已经……某人……
第六句：细节描写，非谓语
Having lost her child, Shen Meizhuang refused to speak to anyone for days.
痛失爱子后，沈眉庄数日闭门不语。
万能句型 3: Done A ，主语＋谓语 B , doing C
第六句：细节描写，非谓语结构：
Framed by others, Zhen Huan knelt before the Emperor, begging for justice.
被诬陷后，甄嬛跪求皇上主持公道。
with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
形容词
副词
介词短语
v-ing
done
to do
表示状态
with + 名词或代词 +
表时间, 伴随, 原因, 条件, 结果
意义
第七句：细节描写，With复合结构和独立主格：
第七句：细节描写，With复合结构和独立主格：
with +n.+ doing/done,she did sth
去掉with就是独立主格
With eyes widening and jaw dropping, he could hardly believe what had happened.
他睁大眼睛，下巴耷拉下来，简直不敢相信发生了什么事。
第八句：-形容词作状语
表情感的adj.1 and 表情感的adj.2, sb. did sth. (升级句子后可跟doing sth..) 怀着...和...的感情，某人做...
Exhausted and scared, Jane lay down near a stone, missing her family.
甄嬛又累又伤心，躺在床上，想念着她的家人。
Exhausted and despaired, An stepped into the room, took a deep breath and crouched. （动作链）
疲惫和绝望，安陵容走进房间，深呼吸，蹲在地上。
表情感的adj.1 and 表情感的adj.2, sb. did sth. (升级句子后可跟doing sth..) 怀着...和...的感情，某人做...
常用搭配
1.既开心又激动
2.既难过又沮丧
3.既紧张又焦虑
4.既担心又害怕
5.既坚定又自信
6.既惊讶又感动
7.既生气又失望
8.既疲倦又饥饿
delighted and excited
sad and frustrated
nervous and anxious
worried and scared
determined and confident
surprised and touched
annoyed and disappointed
exhausted and hungry
第九句：细节描写—环境描写万能结构
句型一：
The XXX danced in the air, making an exceedingly beautiful picture.
....在空中舞蹈，构成了一个绝美的画面 (正面积极的环境)
第九句：细节描写—环境描写万能结构
句型二：
The XXX roared in the air, making an incredibly terrible picture.
....在空中怒吼，构成了一个极其恐怖的画面 (恶劣恐怖的环境)
第十句：内心独白
An inner voice told me that......内心的声音告诉我.....
An inner voice told me that I should gather my courage to have a try.
内心的声音告诉我，我应该鼓起勇气勇敢试一试。
Applying:十句五定法
第二节　(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Growing up, I was always shy and unconfident in myself. Aside from my parents, I felt others found my shyness difficult to accept. It made me unable to talk in any setting in which I felt uncomfortable. This means that I wasn’t even able to speak in class, chat with my friends, order my own food, etc.
At the 5th grade, my parents moved to a neighboring city because of the job relocation and I changed schools. I found myself in a new classroom with a new teacher, whom we called Ms. S, surrounded by 30 new faces. This was fairly terrifying. And so when I was asked to stand up and introduce myself, I was trembling.
Still then, I was labelled as “shy and quiet”. I didn’t have a lot of friends, only spoke in class if I really had to, kept everything to myself, avioded public events, and panicked badly at the thought of oral presentations in class.
This haunted(萦绕) me until one day, Ms.S announced in class that each of us was going to be singing a solo in front of the class. I’d had no idea that this was going to happen. When it was my turn, she called me up to the front, instructed the piano player to begin and I very unwillingly sang “Cuckoo,cuckoo,pray what do you do…” in a barely audible, high pitched vioce, with the rest of silent children staring up at me. Ms. S stood next to the piano, saying: “ Louder! Louder!” But I didn’t know how to project my voice; I couldn’t make it any louder.
I was really upset at it. I cried for a few hours. I suspected my childhood shyness was largely unsupported in the new school. This event made me not want to go to school.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
After school, Ms. S asked me to go into her office.
I took her word for it and something shifted for me.
[前文大意]　本文讲述了作者从小害羞，缺乏自信，除了父母外别人难以接受她的羞怯。她无法在不适的环境下说话，比如上课发言，和朋友聊天，点餐等。五年级时因父母工作调动转学至新环境加剧了社交焦虑，她无法参与课堂互动、结交朋友，甚至抗拒日常交流。一次音乐课上，老师强制要求当众独唱，作者被迫用微弱颤抖的声音表演，却被反复要求"大声点"，最终崩溃痛哭，甚至不想上学。
十
句
五
定
法
paragraph1 1 衔接para1提示句（接着para1首句往下写）
2
3
4
5 衔接para2提示句（根据para2首句倒推写）
paragraph2 6 衔接para2提示句（接着para2首句往下写）
7
8
9 结尾（正能量）
10 升华主题
剩余五句
补齐细节
情绪
动作
心理
语言
环境
描写
Para 1.After school, Ms. S asked me to go into her office. Para 2.I took her word for it and something shifted for me.
定 句1: （衔接上句）当我在去她办公室的路上以及站在办公室门口时，我的所感？所做？ 害怕被批评，慢慢走，深吸一口气，鼓起勇气敲门 定句6: （衔接上句 ）在接下来的日子里，我做出哪些改变？
主动和同学交流，主动举手回答问题，我的自信心逐渐增强。
句2、3: Ms. S 会对我说什么？做什么？ 安慰、鼓励，“你其实唱的挺好，只是声音太小了，每个人都有自己的闪光点” 句7、8：然后我得到了什么样的回应？
同学们愿意和我交朋友，当 Ms. S 再提问我时，我非常大声回答，赢得掌声
定句4、5: （衔接下句）听了她的话，我的所感，所想，所做？我没想到Ms. S会这样理解我，不再紧张，表示感谢，带着自信离开办公室 定句9、10: （结局升华）当我后来再想起 Ms. S 对我的鼓励，我的所感，所想？
感激和温暖，如果没有 Ms. S 的鼓励和支持，我可能还困在自己的不自信里，Ms. S的话改变了我
两段十句五定法的具体思路
1. inch my way towards + 地点 1. 慢慢朝…挪去
2. muster/gather the courage to do 2. 鼓起勇气做某事
3. knock at her door 3. 敲她的门
4. greet me with a gentle smile 4. 带着温柔的微笑迎接我
5. give my shoulder a reassuring pat 5. 轻轻拍我的肩膀以示安慰
6. My tension began to melt away. 6. 我的紧张感开始消散。
7. fade away 7. 逐渐消失
8. call out my name 8. 叫我的名字
9. conclude my answer 9. 回答完我的问题
10. The classroom erupted in enthusiastic applause. 10. 教室里爆发出热烈的掌声。
11. A radiant smile spread across my face. 11. 我脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容。
12. be trapped in my own insecurities. 12. 被困在自己的不自信里
para1： After school, Ms. S asked me to go into her office. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
para2: I took her word for it and something shifted for me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
接下来可描写老师对我的鼓励，以及给我带来的改变。
老师叫我去办公室干什么？我的所想所做？
老师对我说了什么话？我有什么样的改变
接下来可描写作者怀着什么样的心情前往办公室，然后在办公室里会发生什么。
第一句话：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二句话：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
因为害怕被责骂而满心恐惧，我一步一步慢慢挪向了她的办公室。（Overhelmed with +感情名词，sb did sth.）
深吸了一口气后，我鼓起勇气敲了敲她的门。令我惊讶的是，S 老师带着温柔的微笑迎接了我。
( Having done A, sb did B. )
( To one’s + 感情名词, 句子 )
Overhelmed with fear of being scolded, I inched my way towards her office.
十句五定法：
Having taken a deep breath, I mustered the courage to knock at her door. To my astonishment, Ms. S greeted me with a gentle smile.
第三句话：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第四句话：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
我从未想过能得到S老师的理解。听到她的话，我感觉自己的紧张感开始消散。
( Never had sb done sth. )
Never had I expected that I would receive Ms. S understanding.
Hearing her words, I felt my tension began to melt away.
“你的声音很好听，只是你需要相信自己，每个人都有自己的长处，你也一样。” S 老师鼓励我道， 拍了怕我的肩膀以示安慰。( “ … ，” sb said , doing sth. )
"You have a beautiful voice, but you just need to believe in yourself. Everyone has their own strengths, and so do you," Ms. S encouraged, giving my shoulder a reassuring pat.
第五句话：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第六句话：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
满心感激，我认真点了点头带着新获得的自信离开了办公室。( Brimming with + 感情名词，sb did sth. )
Brimming with gratitude, I nodded earnestly and left the office with newfound confidence.
下定决心改变，我开始积极参与课堂讨论，还举手回答问题。随着自信心的增长，我对公开演讲的恐惧也逐渐消失了。( With + XX doing/done，sb did sth. )
Determined to change, I started actively participating in class discussions and raising my hand to answer questions. With my confidence growing, the fear of public speaking gradually faded away.
第七句话：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第八句话：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
有一天，S老师叫了我的名字。邀请我在课堂上分享对某个话题的看法。( Sb did A， doing B. )
我回答完问题的那一刻，教室里爆发出热烈的掌声。( The moment + 句子， sb did sth. )
One day, Ms. S called out my name, inviting me to share my thoughts on a topic in class.
The moment I concluded my answer, the classroom erupted in enthusiastic applause.
第九句话：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第十句话：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
自豪感涌上心头，我脸上绽放出了灿烂的笑容。
( Sb did A , with XX doing /done B. )
那一刻，我突然意识到如果没有S老师的鼓励，我可能会一直困在自己的不自信里，正是她的话真正改变了我的人生。( At that moment, sb realized that +句子 .)
( It was + …+ that … 强调句 .)
A sense of pride washed over me, with a radiant smile spreading across my face.
At that moment, I realized that without Ms. S's encouragement, I might have been trapped in my own insecurities, and it was her words that truly changed my life.
step1 认真剖析首句，构思段落内容
step2 十句五定法 展开剧情
para1
para2
考虑与上下文的融洽衔接
和续写第二段开头语的呼应和衔接
关注与文章开头的遥相呼应
根据具体语境弘扬感情的真、人性的善或拼搏的美
第1句：接着para1首句(心理/动作链）
第5句：根据para2首句
第6句：接着para2首句(心理/动作链）
第9句：结局
第10句：升华
总结： step1 读原文，梳理信息，3-5分钟
step2 构思、初稿（十句五定法），10-15分钟
step3 补充细节，写剩下五句，润色，定稿，10-15分钟
step4 誊写到答题卡上，5分钟
[参考范文]
After school, Ms. S asked me to go into her office. Overwhelmed with fear of being scolded, I inched my way towards her office. Having taken a deep breath, I mustered the courage to knock at her door. To my astonishment, Ms. S greeted me with a gentle smile. "You have a beautiful voice, but you just need to believe in yourself. Everyone has their own strengths, and so do you, "Ms. S encouraged, giving my shoulder a reassuring pat. Never had I expected that I would receive Ms. S understanding. Hearing her words, I felt my tension began to melt away. Brimming with gratitude, I nodded earnestly and left the office with newfound confidence.
I took her word for it and something shifted for me. Determined to change, I started actively participating in class discussions and raising my hand to answer questions. With my confidence growing, the fear of public speaking gradually faded away. One day, Ms. S called out my name, inviting me to share my thoughts on a topic in class. The moment I concluded my answer, the classroom erupted in enthusiastic applause. A sense of pride washed over me, with a radiant smile spreading across my face. At that moment, I realized that without Ms. S's encouragement, I might have been trapped in my own insecurities, and it was her words that truly changed my life.
Thanks!