（重庆合川市）人教版英语必修5 Unit One Great scientists同步训练

（重庆合川市）人教版英语必修5
Unit
One
Great
scientists同步训练及参考答案
Unit
One
Great
scientists
Ⅰ、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（每空1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cholera
was
a
deadly
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
disease
in
London
in
the
middle
of
the
19th
century.
Thousands
of
____1____
(terrify)
people
lost
their
lives
every
time
cholera
broke
out.
John
Snow,
a
famous
physician
of
the
day,
____2____
(determine)
to
challenge
it.
At
that
time,
there
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere
two
main
ideas
___3___
cholera.
One
was
that
cholera
multiplied
in
the
air
and
a
cloud
of
dangerous
gas
floated
around
___4___
it
found
its
victims.
The
other
suggested
that
people
absorbed
the
disease
into
their
___5___
(body)
with
their
meals.
John
Snow
agreed
with
the
second
one
but
he
needed
evidence.
When
another
terrible
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
outbreak
hit
London
in
1854,
which
again
claimed
countless
lives,
John
Snow
began
his
enquiry
in
two
streets
___6___
cholera
was
___7___
(particular)
severe.
After
___8___
(look)
into
the
cause
with
caution,
he
concluded
with
___9___
(certain)
that
the
drinking
water
polluted
by
the
dirty
water
from
London
was
___10___
(blame).
1.____________
2.____________
3.___________
4.___________
5.___________
6.____________
7.____________
8.___________
9.___________
10___________
Ⅱ、单句改错
1.
The
children
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xamining
at
the
hospital
yesterday
were
seriously
ill..
2.
The
foreign
gu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ests
following
by
an
interpreter
came
out
of
the
hall.
3.
Nobody
was
interesting
in
the
story
he
told.
4.
What
he
said
was
very
amused.
5.
The
disc,
recording
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
in
the
radio,
sounded
good
at
the
party
that
night.
6.
Speaking
English
is
different
from
written
English
in
many
ways.
7.
This
is
the
package
weights
at
the
post
office
last
night.
8.
Prices
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )goods,
being
bought
through
a
computer,
can
be
lower
than
store
prices.
9.
The
produ
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cer
comes
regularly
to
collect
the
cameras
returning
to
our
shop
for
quality
problems.
10.
You
cannot
acce
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pt
an
opinion
offering
to
you
unless
it
is
based
on
facts..
Ⅲ、完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
“Yes,
I’ll
be
ready
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
at
nine.
Goodbye,
dear,
and
thanks
again.”
Mrs.
Robinson
replaced
the
1
and
crossed
the
hall
into
the
2
.
It
had
not
been
an
easy
telephone
call
for
her
to
make.
Her
daughter
had
been
very
kind,
3
,
and
had
immediately
agreed
to
4
her
up,
but
Mrs.
Robinson
5
to
admit
that
she
needed
help.
Since
her
6
passed
away
ten
years
ago,
she
had
prided
herself
upon
her
___7
.
She
had
8
to
live
in
their
little
house
alone
and
had
refused
to
go
and
live
with
her
daughter.
But
on
this
eveni
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng,
she
was
standing
at
her
living-room
window,
9
out
at
the
“SOLD”
notice
in
the
small
front
garden.
Her
feeling
were
10
.
Naturally
she
was
11
at
the
thought
of
leaving
here,
as
it
was
full
of
so
many
12
.
But
at
the
same
time
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
she
was
looking
forward
to
spending
her
last
13
near
the
sea,
__14
in
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
little
sea
town
where
she
was
born.
With
the
15
from
the
sale
of
the
house,
she
had
bought
a
little
flat
there.
Her
husband
had
alw
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays
been
very
16
this
house.
She
hadn’t
been
17__
here,
but
it
didn’t
mean
as
much
to
her
as
it
had
to
him.
18
most
of
the
people
who
lived
in
the
street
had
19
away,
and
it
was
this
that
had
made
her
decide
to
sell
it.
Next
morning
Mr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s.
Robinson
20
the
house
for
the
station
in
her
daughter’s
car.
1.
A.
book
B.
data
C.
receiver
D.
door
2.
A.
bedroom
B.
dining-room
C.
garden
D.
living-room
3.
A.
however
B.
of
course
C.
therefore
D.
specially
4.
A.
pick
B.
bring
C.
cheer
D.
warm
5.
A.
liked

B.
hated
C.
tended
D.
pretended
6.
A.
lawyer
B.
friend
C.
daughter
D.
husband
7.
A.
independence
B.
future
C.
talent
D.
ideal
8.
A.
moved
B.
hoped
C.
continued
D.
dreamed
9.
A.
sticking
B.
staring
C.
reaching
D.
pulling
10.
A.
blamed
B.
excited
C.
embarrassed
D.
mixed
11.
A.
sad
B.
hard
C.
pleased
D.
delighted
12.
A.
pets

B.
folks
C.
descriptions
D.
memories
13.
A.
lives
B.
years
C.
wealth
D.
treasure
14.
A.
down
B.
up
C.
back
D.
away
15.
A.
insurance
B.
allowance
C.
reward
D.
money
16.
A.
fond
of
B.
busy
in
C.
afraid
of
D.
interested
in
17.
A.
funny
B.
lucky
C.
happy
D.
unhappy
18.
A.
Soon
B.
Shortly
C.
Recently
D.
Immediately
19.
A.
fled
B.
moved
C.
turned
D.
traveled
20.
A.
sold
B.
returned
C.
left
D.
locked
Ⅳ、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
What
is
so
amazing
about
giving
blood
The
National
B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lood
Service,
which
covers
all
of
England
and
North
Wales,
needs
nearly
two
and
a
half
million
blood
donations
each
year.
When
you
give
blood,
you’ll
be
doing
one
of
the
most
amazing
things
anybody
could
dream
of
—
saving
a
life.
___________________________
All
types
of
blood
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are
needed
—not
just
rare
ones.
In
fact,
the
commoner
the
blood
type,
the
more
are
needed.
So
even
if
your
blood
is
one
of
the
most
common
types
—
group
O
for
example
—
you
can
be
sure
that
by
donating
three
times
a
year,
you
really
are
doing
something
amazing.
What
is
the
donation
process
The
donation
will
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ast
about
an
hour
in
all.
When
you
arrive,
you
will
be
asked
a
few
questions
about
your
health.
Then
a
drop
of
blood
will
be
taken
and
tested
just
to
make
sure
you’re
not
anemic(贫血).
If
all
is
well,
your
donation
will
be
taken.
This
only
takes
abou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
ten
minutes,
during
which
time
470ml
of
blood
will
be
collected.
Most
people
hardly
feel
a
thing.
After
a
short
rest,
a
drink
and
biscuits,
you’ll
be
up
and
ready
to
go.
All
equipment
used
in
the
collection
of
your
blood
is
new
and
is
never
reused,
so
you
don’t
have
to
worry
about
risks
to
your
health
in
the
collection
of
your
blood.
Who
can
become
a
blood
donor
Becoming
a
blood
donor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
really
is
very
simple.
As
long
as
you’re
in
good
health
and
aged
between
17
and
60,
you
can
become
a
blood
donor.
If
you
would
like
more
information
or
advice,
or
you
want
to
become
a
blood
donor,
ring
the
donor
helpline
on
0845
7711.
The
donor
helpline
is
open
24
hours
a
day
—
every
day
of
the
year.
1.
Which
is
the
subtitle
of
Paragraph
2
A.
Why
should
you
donate
blood
B.
What
types
of
blood
are
needed
C.
What
should
you
consider
before
donation
D.
How
many
times
a
year
can
you
donate
blood
2.
Before
giving
blood,
you
will
________.
A.
rest
for
a
while
B.
wait
for
one
day
C.
fill
in
a
form
D.
take
a
blood
test
3.
What
does
the
passage
tell
us
about
the
donation
process
A.
It
takes
many
hours.
B.
It’s
done
on
computer.
C.
It
doesn’t
need
equipment.
D.
It
won’t
affect
donors’
health.
4.
The
purpose
of
the
writing
is
to
_______.
A.
introduce
the
National
Blood
Service
B.
show
the
importance
of
donation
C.
call
on
people
to
donate
blood
D.
remind
people
of
the
danger
B
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
All
over
the
world
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
libraries
have
begun
the
Herculean
task
of
making
faithful
digital
copies
of
the
books,
images
and
recordings
that
preserve
the
intellectual
effort
of
humankind.
For
armchair
scholars,
the
work
promises
to
bring
such
a
wealth
of
information
to
the
desktop
that
the
present
Internet
may
seem
amateurish
in
retrospect.
…
　　
Librarians
see
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hree
clear
benefits
to
going
digital.
First,
it
helps
them
preserve
rare
and
fragile
objects
without
denying
access
to
those
who
wish
to
study
them.
The
British
Library,
for
example,
holds
the
only
medieval
manuscript
of
Beowulf
in
London.
Only
qualified
scholars
were
allowed
to
see
it
until
Kevin
S.
Kiernan
of
the
University
of
Kentucky
scanned
the
manuscript
with
three
different
light
sources
(revealing
detail
not
normally
apparent
to
the
naked
eye)
and
put
the
images
up
on
the
Internet
for
anyone
to
peruse
(阅览).
Tokyo’s
National
Diet
Library
is
similarly
creating
highly
detailed
digital
photographs
of
1,236
woodblock
prints,
scrolls
and
other
materials
it
considers
national
treasures
so
that
researchers
can
scrutinize
them
without
handling
the
originals.
　　
A
second
benefit
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
convenience.
Once
books
are
converted
to
digital
form,
patrons
can
retrieve
them
in
seconds
rather
than
minutes.
Several
people
can
simultaneously
read
the
same
book
or
view
the
same
picture.
Clerks
are
spared
the
chore
of
reshelving.
And
libraries
could
conceivably
use
the
Internet
to
land
their
virtual
collections
to
those
who
are
unable
to
visit
in
person.
　　
The
third
adva
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntage
of
electronic
copies
is
that
they
occupy
millimeters
of
space
on
a
magnetic
disk
rather
than
meters
on
a
shelf.
Expanding
library
buildings
is
increasingly
costly.
The
University
of
California
at
Berkeley
recently
spent
$46
million
on
an
underground
addition
to
house
1.5
million
books
–
an
average
cost
of
$30
per
volume.
The
price
of
disk
storage,
in
contrast,
has
fallen
to
about
$2
per
300-page
publication
and
continues
to
drop.
1.　
The
best
title
for
this
passage
would
be
__________.
A.
Three
Benefits
of
Libraries
B.
Libraries
Going
Digital
C.
Space-saving
E-learning
D.
Security
of
Electronic
Reading
66.　
Which
paragra
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ph(s)
in
the
text
offer(s)
further
explanation
of
the
central
idea
A.
Paragraphs
2,
3
and
4　　　　　B.
Paragraphs
3
and
4
C.
Paragraphs
2
and
4　　　　　　D.
Paragraph
4
3.　
Which
one
of
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
following
is
mentioned
as
the
advantages
of
E-libraries？
A.
Old
manuscripts
can
be
moved
more
easily　
B.
Materials
can
be
examined
without
being
touched
C.
Fewer
staff
will
be
required
in
libraries
D.
Libraries
will
be
able
to
move
underground
4.　
What
does
the
word
‘scrutinize’
probably
mean
A.
keep
for
a
while　　
B.
reprint　　　C.
restore　　　D.
examine
carefully
C
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In
my
experien
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce,
freshmen
today
are
different
from
those
I
knew
when
I
started
as
a
professor
25
years
ago.
College
has
always
been
demanding
both
academically
and
socially.
But
students
now
are
less
mature
and
often
not
ready
for
the
responsibility
of
being
in
college.
Many
of
today
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s
students
lack
resilience
(适应力)and
at
the
first
sign
of
difficulty
are
unable
to
think
out
strategies.
The
hardship
can
be
a
failing
grade
on
a
test,
a
cut
from
the
team,
or
a
romantic
breakup.
It
is
really
too
easy
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
point
the
finger
at
parents
who
protect
their
children
from
life’s
obstacles.
Parents,
who
handle
every
difficulty
and
every
other
responsibility
for
their
children
from
writing
admission
essays
to
picking
college
courses,
certainly
may
contribute
to
their
children’s
lack
of
coping
strategies.
But
we
can
look
even
more
broadly
to
the
social
trends
of
today.
How
many
people
do
you
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
know
who
are
on
medications
(治疗)
to
prevent
anxiety
or
depression
The
number
of
students
who
arrive
at
college
already
medicated
for
unwanted
emotions
has
increased
dramatically
in
the
past
10
years.
We,
as
a
society,
don’t
want
to“feel”
anything
unpleasant
and
we
certainly
don’t
want
our
children
to“suffer”.
The
resulting
problem
is
that
by
not
experiencing
negative
emotions,
one
does
not
learn
the
necessary
skills
to
tolerate
and
solve
problems.
Our
world
is
more
stre
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssful
in
general
because
of
the
current
economic
and
political
realities,
but
I
don’t
believe
that
the
college
experience
itself
is
more
intense
today
than
the
past
10
years.
What
I
do
think
is
that
many
students
are
often
not
prepared
to
be
young
“adults”with
all
the
responsibilities
of
life.
As
parents,
we
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
should
expect
young
people
to
meet
challenges.
To
encourage
them
in
this
direction,
we
have
to
step
back
and
let
them
fail
and
pick
themselves
up
and
move
forward.
This
approach
needs
to
begin
at
an
early
age
so
that
college
can
actually
be
a
passage
to
independent
adulthood.
1.
The
best
title
of
the
text
probably
is_____　
A.
Have
College
Freshmen
Changed
B.
What
Should
College
Faculty
and
Staff
Do
Today
C.
What
Difficulty
Are
Freshmen
Facing
D.
How
to
Get
Used
to
College
Life
for
Freshmen
2.
According
to
the
text,
today’s
freshmen_____.　
A.
are
not
good
at
dealing
with
problems
B.
often
fail
in
the
exams
C.
can’t
get
along
well
with
classmates
D.
have
to
experience
more
intense
college
life
3.
If
freshmen
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecome
more
mature
to
face
and
solve
problems,
they
should______.　
A.
experience
negative
emotions
themselves
B.
ask
parents,
teachers
and
coaches
for
more
help
C.
receive
medications
to
prevent
anxiety
or
depression
D.
put
their
hearts
and
soul
into
the
study
4.
The
text
is
mainly
written
for_____.　
A.
teachers　　　　B.
parents　　　　　C.
students　　　　D.
psychologists
V、完成句子
John
Snow
became
insp
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ired
when
he
thought
about
helping
ordinary
people
_________________
cholera.
(expose)
约翰·斯诺一想到要帮助受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，就感到很振奋。
The
chairman
sugges
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted
the
meeting
___________________
till
next
week.
(put)
主席建议会议延迟到下周举行。
All
the
evidence
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led
to
the
same
conclusion:
that
the
water
____________________.
(blame)
所有的证据都指向同一个结论：水是罪魁祸首。
If
you
don’t
wan
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
to
go
out
and
eat,
you
can
__________________
to
your
house
with
a
phone
call.
(have)
如果你不想出去吃饭，你可以打个电话让人把吃的送到家里来。
Apart
from
the
cont
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ributions
______________________,
John
Snow
also
brought
great
changes
in
general
public
health
around
the
world.
(mention)
除了上面提到的贡献，约翰·斯诺也给全球的公共卫生事业带来了巨大变化。
Book
Five
Unit
One
Ⅰ、语法填空
1.
terrified
2.
(was)
determined
3.
about
4.
till/until/before
5.
bodies
6.
where
7.
particularly
8.
looking
9.
certainty
10.
to
blame
Ⅱ、单句改错
1.
examining→exami
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ned
2.
following→followed
3.
interesting→interested
4.
amused→amusing
5.
recording→recorded
6.
speaking→spoken
7.weighs→weighed
8.
being
bought→bought
9.
returning→returned
10.
offering→offered
Ⅲ、完形填空
1—5
CDBAB
6—10
DACBD
11—15
ADBCD
16—20
ADCBC
Ⅳ、阅读理解
【A】1.B
2.D
3.D
4.C
【B】1—4、BACD　　【C】1—4、AAAB　　
Ⅴ、
1.
exposed
to
2.
(should)
be
put
off/back
3.
was
to
blame
4.
have
food
delivered
5.
(that/which
were/are)
mentioned
above
附:课程标准中的内容标准：
本单元的话题是“科学家如何以探索、钻研、无畏的科研精神验证未知的科学真理”。
教学细目：
1、（情感目标）通过阅读，了解许多杰出的科学家，使学生学到知识、尝到乐趣、获得智慧、受到鼓舞，从而早日成才。
2、（交际）通过听说学习使学生了解科学家的生活经历，并通过回答问题训练学生分析解决问题的能力。
3、（词汇）通过阅读、师生互动掌握本单元的教学目的和要求中的词汇。
4、（写作）通过阅读和书面训练，学习并掌握正式信件的写法和用语。
5、（语法）通过书面训练，深入理解和进一步运用动词的过去分词。
学习领域与主题
内容及要求
目标层次
人教版选修五
Unit
OneGreatscientists
理解
掌握
运用
1.1.1.
话题：Great
scientists
√
1.1.2功能（通过听和说，能在生活中运用下列英语进行交际）：1.
What
kind
of
scientific
job
do
you
want
to
do
What
education
will
you
need
What
personality
will
be
needed
How
long
will
the
training
take
What
work
experience
would
be
useful
How
will
you
prepare
for
this
career
Why
are
you
so
interested
in
this
job
2.
Expressing
your
opinions
in
polite
ways.
(有礼貌地表达个人观点)
I
always
wanted
to…
because…
I
will
need
some
training
in…
I
need
to
practice…
I
might
find
it
difficult
to…
My
greatest
problem
will
be
to…
I
think
I’m
good
at…so…
√
1.1.3
Unders
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tanding
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
vocabulary（理解词汇）（通过听、看、阅读，能理解下列词汇含义。学生只需认识，不作为测试的内容考查。）
infect,
infectious,
cholera,deadly,
outbreak,
clue,
investigate,
investigation,
germ,
certainty,
responsible,
creative,
co-operative,
revolutionary,
loop,
privately,
brightness
√
1.1.4
Grasping
vo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cabulary（掌握词汇）（
通过听、看、读，能运用下列词汇进行造句，在完形填空和短文改错中运用下列词汇。学生能够掌握其意义、用法、搭配，可作为考查内容。）
characteristic,
painter,
scientific,
analyse,
expert,
victim,
absorb,
enquiry,
neighborhood,
severe,
pump,
foresee,
instruct,
construct,
firework,
chart,
positive,
movement,
enthusiastic,
cautious,
universe,
backward
√
1.1.5
Applied
voc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )abulary（应用词汇）
（通过书面训练，能在书面表达中运用下列词汇。）
put
forward,
conclude,
defeat,
attend,
expose,
cure,
challenge,
suspect,
blame,
pollute,
handle,
link,
announce,
contribute,
apart
from,
be
strict
with,
make
sense,
spin,
reject,
consist
√
1.1.6语法：Revise
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
infinitive
复习不定式（通过阅读，书面训练，能在完成句子、短文填空中运用下列语法句型。）
He
is
excited
at
the
exciting
news.
(predictive)
We
are
interested
in
the
interesting
film.
(predictive)
She
was
moved
to
tears
by
the
moving
story.
(predictive)
I
saw
a
frightened
boy
crying
at
the
crossing.
(attributive)
The
little
tired
woman
was
sleeping
over
the
tiring
report.
(attributive)
√
√
1.1.7句型结构：（通过口、
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )笔头训练，能在完成句子、书面表达中运用下列句子结构.）1.
Who
put
forward
a
theory
about
black
holes 2.
Being
exposed
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
sunlight
for
too
much
time
will
do
much
harm
to
your
skin.3.
When
we
came
in,
the
old
man
was
absorbed
in
reading
a
book.4.
Every
time
he
comes,
he
will
bring
us
some
gifts.5.
Neither
its
cause
nor
its
cure
was
understood.6.
In
two
par
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ticular
streets,
the
cholera
outbreak
was
so
severe
that
more
than
500
people
died
in
ten
days.7.
Apart
from
the
bad
weather,
we
had
a
good
time
yesterday.8.
He
placed
a
fixed
sun
at
the
centre
of
the
solar
system
with
the
planets
going
round
it
and
only
the
moon
still
going
around
the
earth.
√
√
Part
One
单元重点知识点
I.
重点单词和词组
P.
1
Words:
characteristics,
painter,
scientific,
analyse
Phrases:
put
forward,
draw
a
conclusion
P.2
Words:
expert,
atte
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd,
challenge,
victim,
absorb,
suspect,
enquiry,
severe,
pump,
foresee,
blame,
pollute,
handle
Phrases:
expose
to,
be
determined
to,
slow
down
P.3
Words:
announce,
instruct
Phrases:
link
to
P.4
Words:
construction
Phrases:
take
in,
come
to
an
end
,
apart
from
P.7
Words:
movement
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
sense,
backward,
spin,
enthusiastic,
cautious,
reject,
universe
Phrases:
lead
to
II.
重点句型
见表1.1.7
III.
重点语法
动词过去分词：理解和掌握过去分词做定语和表语的用法。