外刊语篇填空3（含解析，共3篇）-2026届高三英语复习专项

精选外刊语法填空练习3
一
Why Men Often Have Shorter Lives Than Women
A recent study offers an evolutionary explanation for why males often die younger than females. Researchers examined over 1,100 species and found a clear pattern: intense (1) ______ (compete) for mates is a key reason why males tend (2) ______ (have)shorter lifespans.
In many mammal species, males compete fiercely for females. This competition, involving fights or displays, rewards strong, bold individuals. However , (3) ______ also comes with high energy costs and risks of injury, contributing (4) ______ their shorter lives. On average, female mammals live 12% longer than males. Birds, however, often tell a different story. Many bird species (5) ______ (be)monogamous, with males and females forming long-term bonds. In these cases, males often live (6) ______ (long) than females. But in bird species where males compete for multiple mates, the male's lifespan advantage decreases or disappears. Another factor is genetics. In mammals, females have two X chromosomes, (7) ______ acts as a genetic backup. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, (8) ______ (make) them more vulnerable to genetic defects. This biological difference also contributes to the lifespan gap.
Even in safe environments like zoos, this difference (9) ______ （persist）. For humans, this might mean the longevity gap, where women (10) ______ (current)outlive men, is deeply rooted in our evolutionary history.
二
Hungarian Writer Wins Nobel Prize in Literature
The Hungarian writer Laszlo Krasznahorkai (1) ______ (award) the Nobel Prize in Literature. The Swedish Academy praised his work for "reaffirming the power of art."
Krasznahorkai, 71, is famous (2) ______ his unique writing style, which often features very long sentences and explores dark, visionary themes. One of his most famous novels, "The Melancholy of Resistance," is written in a single sentence that spans over 300 pages. He once stated that he wanted to create an "absolutely original" style and be free from the influence of his literary (3) ______(ancestor). His breakthrough came with his first novel, "Satantango," published in 1985. In recent years, he (4) ______ (receive) significant international recognition. For example, he won the Man Booker International Prize in 2015 for his entire body of work. The Nobel committee has been trying in recent years to honor writers from more (5) ______ （diversity）backgrounds. This follows criticism that (6) ______ vast majority of past winners were men from Europe or North America. Last year's winner was the South Korean author Han Kang, (7) ______ best-known work is "The Vegetarian."
Before this year's (8) ______ (announce), Krasznahorkai and Chinese writer Can Xue were considered the top contenders for the prize. The award is typically seen as the highest honor in literature and is often the capstone of a writer's career. Through his compelling and unique voice, Krasznahorkai's award continues the tradition of (9) ______ (recognize) powerful and transformative (10) ______ (literature) art.
三
Mondays Are Truly More Stressful
The "Monday blues" is more than just a feeling; it has measurable effects on our biology. Studies show that Mondays see higher rates of stress, anxiety, and even heart attacks compared to other days. Researchers have found that this Monday stress can leave a long-term mark on the body.
They focused (1) ______ cortisol, a key stress hormone. Our bodies release cortisol (2) ______ (help)us handle short-term challenges. However, consistently high levels can harm our health. To investigate further, a study analyzed data from older adults. Participants reported which day they felt anxious, and researchers(3) ______（measure） their cortisol levels through hair samples over several months. The results were clear. People (4) ______ reported feeling anxious on Mondays had, on average, 23% higher long-term cortisol levels than those who felt anxious on other days. (5) ______ (surprise), this effect was also found in retired individuals, suggesting the stress of Mondays can be a lifelong burden. Why do Mondays have such (6) ______ powerful effect One reason is the transition from the free time of the weekend to the structured demands of the week. Another key factor is (7) ______ (certain). The anticipation and uncertainty that Mondays bring are major drivers of stress.
Therefore, the impact of Monday anxiety appears (8) ______ (be) biologically distinct and prolonged. For those who don’t adapt well to the (9) ______(week) cycle, the repeated stress can accumulate over a lifetime, potentially leading to long-term health consequences. This research reaffirms that the "Monday effect" is not just in our minds. (10) ______ is deeply rooted in our bodies.
参考答案及解析：
一
1.competition 形容词修饰名词 表示“紧张的竞争”
2.to have。 tend to do sth.倾向于做某事，往往做某事
3. it 考察代词，it代指competition
4. to。固定搭配contribute to，表示"导致，造成"。
5.are。许多鸟类都是一夫一妻制的
6. longer。根据上下文，在单配偶制的鸟类中，雄性通常比雌性活得更久，应使用比较级。
7. which。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰"two X chromosomes"。
8. making。现在分词作结果状语，表示"这使他们更容易..."。
9. persists 主谓一致 表示“这种差异继续存在：
10.currently 副词修饰动词outlive
二
1. was awarded。主语与动词构成被动关系，且描述已发生的获奖事件，用一般过去时的被动语态。
2. for。固定搭配，be famous for因…而出名
3. ancestors 名词复数
4. has received。时间状语"In recent years"表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时。
5. diverse 考察词性变化，形容词diverse修饰名词backgrounds
6. the。形容词vast前用定冠词the，特指"绝大多数过去的获奖者"。
7. whose。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Han Kang，whose在从句中作定语，修饰best-known work。
8. announcement 名词所有格
9. recognizing。介词of后接动名词形式。
10.literary 表示“文学艺术“
三
1. on。固定搭配focus on，意为"专注于，研究"。
2. to help。动词不定式作目的状语，解释释放皮质醇的目的是"为了帮助我们"应对挑战。
3. measured动词时态 一般过去时
4. who/that。引导定语从句，修饰先行词People，并在从句中作主语。
5. Surprisingly。副词作状语，修饰整个句子，表示"令人惊讶的是"。
6. a such+ a/an+可数名词单数 such a powerful effect如此强大的效果
7. uncertainty。根据下文"The anticipation and uncertainty..."可知，此处指"不确定性"。
8. to be。固定结构appear to be，意为"似乎是"。
9. weekly 形容词 每周的
10. It。代词，指代前文提到的"the Monday effect"（周一效应）。