(共38张PPT)
Unit6 When was it invented
人教新目标版 九年级上
SectionA 2d
Grammar Focus-4c公开课
Learning objectives
1．掌握下列词汇：project，pleasure，zipper，
daily，have a point, bell，musical，instrument，
biscuit，fridge，low。
2．正确理解和使用被动语态的一般过去时结构，将主动语态与被动语态进行自由转换。理解并识别被动语态的特殊情况。
3．通过一般过去时主动语态与被动语态的对比，能总结出转换规律和结构, 并建立相关知识之间的联系。
4.了解拉链这一发明物，提升学生细心观察周边事物的兴趣，懂得小小的发明物，能给人们的生活带来极大的便利。
01
挺起装备制造业坚实脊梁
A small thing is made of metal(金属) to connect one side with the other,you can often see it on your clothes. What is it
A small thing made of metal(金属)
01
Guess an invention
It is used for connecting one side with the other.
02
You can often see it on your clothes. What is it
03
Lead-in
zipper
Let’s watch a video about zippers.
Warming-up
Lead-in
Paul is preparing for his school project.
Roy comes to help him.
Read the conversations between them and find out something about the zipper.
project n. 课题；项目
What is the subject for their school project
2. What kind of invention does Roy think of
3. Why does Roy think it is a great invention
4. Who and when was the zipper invented
5. When did the zipper become popular
Small inventions that changed the world.
The zipper.
Because it is often used in our daily lives.
Whitcomb Judson invented it in 1893.
Around 1917.
Read 2d carefully and answer.
Paul: Hey Roy, the subject for my school project is “Small inventions that changed the world”.
Can you help me think of an invention
Roy: With pleasure! Let me think... hmm...I know! The zipper!
Paul: The zipper Is it really such a great invention
Roy: Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags.. almost everywhere!
Paul: Well, you do seem to have a point…
Roy: Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The pioneers of different
inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented --------by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn't used widely.
Paul: Really So when did it become popular
Roy: Around 1917.
想起;认为
乐意至极
考虑；认为
在我们的日常生活中
有道理
seem to do 似乎
例如+完整句子
v.提到
Expressions
助动词do+谓语动词原形(强调句)
1.——Can you help me think of an invention ——My pleasure!
pleasure n. 高兴, 愉快 with pleasure 高兴地
My pleasure也可说成It’s a / my pleasure.或 A pleasure，意思是“我的荣幸；愿为你效劳；这是件愉快的事”。
take pleasure in sth.\doing sth.很高兴做=It’s a pleasure to do sth.
Language points
【活学活用】1) 我会愉快地记着这次的会晤。
2）我非常高兴和你一起学习。
I will remember this meeting with pleasure.
I take great pleasure in studying with you.=It’s a great pleasure to study with you.
2.Well, you do seem to have a point…
嗯，看来你说的确实有道理……
助动词do放在动词seem前面主要用来加强语气，“的确，确实”在谓语动词前添加助动词do表示强调的用法常见于肯定句和祈使句中。
have a point指某人的说法或想法“有道理”。
【活学活用】1) 他昨天下午的确来这儿了。
2）也许你说的有道理，但问题是我们没有选择。
He did come here yesterday afternoon.
Perhaps you have a point there, but the problem is that we don’t have a choice.
3. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.
mention表示“提到；提及”，是及物动词，其后接名词或代词作宾语时，无需用任何介词；另外注意不接双宾语。
若后接动词，要用动名词，mention doing sth. 提到做某事
口语中Don’t mention it. 主要用来回答感谢，意为“不客气”；
有时也用来回答道歉，意为“没关系”。
【活学活用】1) 他从未向我提及他有个女朋友。
2）我一提起踢足球，他就说太忙。
He never mentioned his girl friend to me.
Whenever I mention playing football, he says he’s too busy.
Do you know how small _________ changed the world That’s the subject for my ______ ______. I want to introduce the _______. It is ______ a great invention ______ it is often ______ in our ______ _______. Zippers can ______ ______ _____ dresses, ______ , shoes, bags, almost everywhere. I have seen on a ________ that the _________ of different inventions were ______. There it ________ that the zipper was invented _____ Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But it wasn’t used _________ at that time. In around 1917, it became ___________.
inventions
school project
zipper
such
that
used
daily lives
be seen on
trousers
website
pioneers
listed
mentioned
by
widely
popular
Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
Consolidation
Role-play the conversation.
Paul: Hey Roy, ... Can ...
Roy: My pleasure! Let … hmm… I know! The ...!
Paul: The ... Is ...
Roy: Think about .... You can ...!
Paul: Well, you …
Roy: Of course! I thought .... The .... For example, .... But ....
Paul: Really So ...
Roy: ...
Roy
Paul
Role play
Complete the following sentences.
1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的？
______ ______ the zipper ________
2. 它于1893年被发明。
It ______ _________ in 1893.
3. 它是由谁发明的？
______ _____ it invented ______
4. 是由Whitcomb Judson发明的。
It ______ _________ _______ Whitcomb Judson.
was invented
When was invented
Who was by
was invented by
Practice
5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜的？
______ ______ tea _________ to Korea
6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜的。
It ______ ________ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.
7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？
What _____ the hot ice-cream scoop ______ ______
8. 它用来盛很凉的冰淇淋。
It’s ______ ______ ________ really cold ice-cream.
When was brought
was brought during
is used for
used for serving
9. Alexander Graham Bell于1876年发明了电话机。
Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
10. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。
The telephone _______ ________ _______ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
invented
was invented by
Active Voice
Passive Voice
一般过去时的被动语态
When was the zipper invented It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
Active Voice: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. Passive Voice: The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876.
被动语态：passive voice
01
需要突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。动作的执行者由by引出且置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。
The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell).
02
03
04
当动作的执行者不必说或不知道时，用被动语态。
The pioneers of different inventions were listed there.
表示“据说，据报道，人们相信”等，常用“It is +过去分词
(said/reported/believed)+ that从句”句型。
It is believed that both of the chairs were repaired by him.
文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语也常使用被动语态。
Teachers Wanted. (省略了are) 招聘老师。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.
The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
一般现在时被动语态：
主语 + ______________ + ________________
一般过去时被动语态：
主语 + ______________ + ________________
am / is / are
动词的过去分词
was / were
动词的过去分词
1.肯定句: 主语 + was/were + V-ed + (by…)
The car was invented by an engineer.
2.否定句: 主语 + was/were + not + V-ed + (by…)
3.一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)
The car wasn’t invented by an engineer.
Was the car invented by an engineer
特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)
Who was the car invented by
一般过去时被动语态常见几种句型结构：
Yes,it was.
No,it wasn’t.
Whitcomb Judson invented the zipper in 1893.
in 1893.
主语
主语
谓语
谓语
宾语
状语
介词短语
状语
1、把主动句的宾语用作被动句的主语.（宾变主）
2、把主动句的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”的形式, 作被动句的谓语。 (谓语动词变被动)
3、把主动句的主语放到介词by后面组成的介词短语.
4、其它部分放后面.
The zipper
was invented
by Whitcomb Judson
1.The young man saved the lives of the children.
2. The villagers found the lost boy at last.
3. Did you clean up your room last night
4. Cai Lun invented the paper making in Han Dynasty.
将下列句子改为被动语态。
The lives of the children were saved by the young man.
The lost boy was found by the villagers at last.
Was your room cleaned up last night
Paper making was invented by Cai Lun in Han Dynasty.
Exercises
含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。
01
被动语态注意事项
We handed in our homework last Friday.
→ Our homework was handed in last Friday (by us).
in不能
去掉。
在含有使役动词make,let或感官动词（see, watch, notice, hear 等）的主动语态 的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要 把省去的to还原。
02
被动语态注意事项
I saw him cross the road yesterday .
→ He was seen to cross the road(by me) yesterday .
My mother made me sweep the floor just now.
→ I was made to sweep the floor (by my mother) just now.
当宾语是双宾语时，可以用物也可以用人来作被动语态的主语，但是当物作主语时，间接宾语（人）前要补上to 或 for.
03
My mother gave me a pencil.
→ I was given a pencil by my mother.
→ A pencil was given to me by my mother.
pass/give/sell/show/bring/lend sth. to sb.
buy/make/cook/ sth. for sb.
记忆：买回来煮和做用for,其它用to。
不及物动词和词组没有被动语态。
04
What happened to Mr. Brown
(happen, cost,take place, run out, come true, fall asleep…)
My dream came true at last.
The book cost Laura twenty dollars.
系动词没有被动语态。
05
This book looks beautiful.
(look, sound, feel, smell, taste, seem, get,grow, become... )
This book is looked beautiful.
The sofa feels soft.
The sofa is felt soft.
当动词表主语的属性特征 + 副词 (well/badly/easily...)
06
(read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear...)
This kind of dress sells well.
The kind of cloth washes easily.
其他主动表被动的短语或句型：
07
The room needs cleaning.
The book is worth reading.
be worth doing 值得被做
want/need/require doing 想要/需要被做
=The room needs to be cleaned.
1.They sold the fridge at a low price.
_______________________________________________________________
2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. _______________________________________________________________
3. Where did you take these photos
_______________________________________________________________
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. _______________________________________________________________
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
_______________________________________________________________
The book was translated into different languages by different writers.
My camera was stolen from my hotel room (by somebody).
Where were these photos taken
We were advised by our parents not to go out alone.
The fridge was sold at a low price.
n.冰箱
pron.某人 n.重要人物
adj.低的；矮的
v.翻译
advice sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
Our parents advised us not to go out alone．
我们的父母建议我们不要单独外出。
advise v. 劝告；建议
advise sb. about / on sth. 就某事向某人提出建议
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 我们可以就教育方面的事情向他们提出建议。
We can ________ _______ _________ education.
2) 他建议等到明天。
He ________ ________ until tomorrow.
advised waiting
advise them about/on
alone adj. 单独的；独自的 不能用于名词前，强调一人的客观状态，只陈述一个客观事实，在句中作表语。
adv. 单独；独自；孤单地 相当于by oneself，在句中作状语。
lonely adj. 孤单的；寂寞 可作表语也可作定语，强调心理状态和主观感受，突出感到孤独和寂寞。
alone, lonely
【语境应用】用alone或lonely完成句子。
1) My sister is _______ in the classroom now. She is finishing her painting.
2) Dale is shy and always feels _______ because he has few friends.
3) At heart, Mrs. Smith is a(n) _______ woman.
4) I don’t like going out _______ at night.
alone
alone
lonely
lonely
1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________to a safe place.
3. The door ____________ when we arrived, so we _______ the bell.
4. The students _________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby _________ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in the science class.
5. The cookies ___________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _______ them.
eat like invite tell lock ring break bring
were invited
were brought
was locked
rang
were told
broke
were eaten
liked
v.锁上
n.地震
违反规则
n.饼干
n.曲奇饼
v.发出铃声；打电话
Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.
The telephone ____________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He ____________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ____________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell ____________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ____________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you.” Today the telephone ____________ (use) around the world.
was invented
was born
worked
learned
was invented
was said
is used
adj.音乐的
n. 仪器
全世界；世界各地
all over the world
all parts of the world
be similar to与…相似
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
Top 10 “inventions” that changed the world
3. The Bar code (条形码)
4. TV Dinners (冷冻快餐)
5. PlayStation
(家庭电视机游戏)
1. GPS Technology
2. The Sony Walkman
8. Electronic Money
7. Text messages
9. Microwaves
10. Trainers
6. Social Networking
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