2025-2026学年高考一轮复习英语模拟卷02（全国II卷）（原卷+解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025-2026学年高考一轮复习英语模拟卷02（全国II卷）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C.
1． Why is Chloe wearing boots
A．She was hiking.
B．She follows fashion.
C．She got them from her friend.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Is that the latest fashion for teenagers, Chloe — hiking boots Surely you have lots of nicer footwear.
W: I have actually been on a hike up the mountain with my friend, Martin.
M: Wow, well done. That is a tough walk.
2． Where are the speakers probably
A．In a theater. B．At home. C．On a train.
【答案】B
【原文】M: The music from this TV program really gets in my head. I was singing it all day yesterday: in the office, on the train — everywhere!
W: That’s funny. Do you even know what it is showing
M: You’ve got me there!
3． What does the man think about fishing
A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Exciting.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Why do you like fishing It looks boring just sitting there all day without anything happening.
M: I find it calming after a hard day at work. It might not be exciting, but it keeps me entertained.
W: I guess the fish don’t find it very funny.
4． What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．A talented actress.
B．The details of a plot.
C．A movie they’ve just seen.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Wasn’t that good The ending was totally unexpected. I thought the actress played her part really well.
M: I agree. It’s one of the best films I’ve ever seen.
W: The plot was so original. So many movies these days have similar stories.
5． What does the woman want to do
A．Give up smoking. B．Go for a run regularly. C．Lose weight.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Do you still smoke, Peter
M: Oh no, I gave up long ago. I run five miles a day now to keep fit.
W: That’s great. I’m also careful to eat only healthy food to lose a few pounds I’ve put on.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和7题。
6．What does the man like about the house
A．The stairs. B．The light. C．The windows.
7．What are the speakers going to do next
A．Get a gate. B．Look at more rooms. C．Bargain with the seller.
【答案】6．A 7．C
【原文】M: It’s quite dark in here, isn’t it
W: Yes, but that’s because it’s an old house with small windows.
M: Those wooden stairs are beautiful. No one makes anything like that these days.
W: I would worry about the children falling downstairs, though.
M: We could put a gate at the top.
W: Maybe, but don’t you think a house like this is more than we can afford
M: I suppose so, but maybe we can negotiate (协商) a better price.
W: Right. We should call the seller and see what he says.
M: Okay, let’s do that right now.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What kind of photos does the woman mostly take now
A．Nature and wildlife. B．Travels. C．Street scenes.
9．What does the man mean in the end
A．He is fond of traveling.
B．He wants to start a new hobby.
C．He likes taking photos with an old camera.
【答案】8．C 9．B
【原文】M: Your camera looks old. I’ve never seen anything like this!
W: It’s my dad’s old film camera. Although it’s not in the best condition, it still works.
M: Cool! Did your dad teach you how to shoot photos
W: Yeah. He used to shoot travel and wildlife photos. He’d show us amazing pictures when he returned from his trips.
M: Awesome. I’d love to record my memories with family and friends by taking photos.
W: Me too. But these days, I mostly shoot street photos. I find it attractive to capture the moments about different cities and various people.
M: I’d like to try photography soon. Hopefully, I can create a new hobby out of it!
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What position does the woman apply for
A．A secretary. B．A doctor. C．A nurse.
11．What does the woman find difficult in her previous work
A．A lack of experience.
B．Her poor education background.
C．Problems with mental health work.
12．Which aspect of the job appeals to the woman
A．Dealing with heart issues. B．Working with her family. C．Sorting out paperwork.
【答案】10．A 11．C 12．A
【原文】M: So, Miss Benson, you may have noticed some other people waiting outside the room, haven’t you
W: Yes, I have.
M: They all have also applied for this job. Why do you think we should choose you but not one of them
W: Well, first of all, I have a degree in English, so I am highly qualified to be a secretary.
M: But what about experience
W: I started out as a clerk, dealing with the paperwork for the emergency unit doctors. Then for the past three years, I have been a secretary for the mental health nurses.
M: So, what appeals to you about working with the heart unit
W: Well, I do find the mental health work rather challenging. They have to deal with some serious problems.
M: So does the heart unit.
W: Ah yes, but when my brother was a baby, he had a heart problem. The unit cured him and since then I’ve been more interested in hearts and how they work.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．When does the conversation probably take place
A．In June. B．In August. C．In September.
14．Why did the speakers go to the museum
A．They were advised to go there.
B．They had a history class there.
C．They followed a tour group there.
15．What did the woman find the most impressive about the museum
A．Its unique design. B．Its number of pieces. C．Its collection of literature.
16．How will the speakers probably go home
A．By bike. B．By subway. C．On foot.
【答案】13．B 14．A 15．B 16．C
【原文】W: Wow, it has been an incredible day. The National Art Museum of China was so inspiring! I’m so glad we visited.
M: Me too. We’ve been talking about visiting since the beginning of the summer. It will be September next week. I’m glad we finally went there.
W: Same! The historical pieces were mind-blowing.
M: Agreed. I’m so glad our Chinese teacher recommended us to visit. We’ve seen a lot of great places while touring around Beijing. But this was one of my favorites.
W: True. The calligraphy exhibition was amazing. I wish I could write like that. But I was most impressed by the size of the museum’s collections.
M: I loved the mix of traditional and modern design in this building and its 21 different exhibition halls. It perfectly represents Chinese historical significance and modern innovation.
W: Well, it’s too early to take the underground home, and the weather is perfect. Should we ride bicycles through the park instead
M: I’d rather walk through these small streets.
W: Yes. That’s a great idea!
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Why does the speaker give the talk
A．To share his path to success.
B．To introduce his colorful school life.
C．To provide ways on becoming a top chef.
18．What did the speaker leave home for
A．Furthering his study. B．Opening a restaurant. C．Traveling around the world.
19．Where was the speaker’s first restaurant set up
A．In the UK. B．In France. C．In the US.
20．What do we know about the speaker’s mother
A．She is a leading chef.
B．She inspired the speaker in his career.
C．She took care of the speaker at university.
【答案】17．A 18．A 19．A 20．B
【原文】I am often asked what the defining moment in my life was. Was it opening my first restaurant Was it serving food to some of the world’s most famous people Or was it becoming a successful businessman Well, I would say that none of these things was the right answer. My defining moment was when I left home to study at university. Up until then I was a child. I was well taken care of by my family. My mother was kind and thoughtful. The meals she made were wonderful and gave me the best ideas for my future as a restaurateur. But starting university was a shock. Suddenly, I had to look after myself, pay for what I’ve got, and even cook for myself. I was lost at that moment. How would I manage all the stuff But I finally did it. I learnt from these difficulties and the experiences made me stronger. I took Mom’s cooking advice and turned it into something new, something that various people have praised me for. Shortly after leaving university, I opened my first restaurant in London. Since then I have opened branches in Paris, New York and many other cities. Now I employ some of the world’s leading chefs, artists in their profession. But it is still the inspiration my mom gave me that is the foundation of my restaurant empire.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Solving the growing plastic waste puzzle
As hard as it is to imagine a time when we weren’t buried in plastics, mass production of synthetic polymers (合成聚合物) didn’t really begin until about 1950. Since then, however, we’ve generated an estimated 8.3 billion tons of the stuff — with about half that total coming since 2000 — and we’ve deserted something like 6.3 billion tons of it.
Unfortunately for the planet, only about 9 percent of that plastic waste has ever been recycled. Another 12 percent has been burned, most recently in waste-to-energy facilities. But most of the rest has gone into landfills — or worse, into the environment.
Much of what is done to recover plastic from the waste stream is a purely mechanical process. Once the plastic items have been sorted by polymer type and sent to the recycling workplace, they are simply cut up, washed clean and melted down into pellets (团粒). The pellets are then sold to manufacturers that will incorporate (组合) the material into new products.
Many of the chemical recycling techniques are already quite mature. According to a 2019 report by Closed Loop Partners, a New York-based investment firm that invests in circular economy-related startups, that list includes more than 40 plastics recycling plants that are either operating or scheduled to open within the next few years in the United States and Canada alone. At least some of those plants are expected to incorporate chemical recycling technology.
21．When does plastic waste reach its peak
A．Before 1950. B．Before 2000.
C．After 2019. D．In recent decades.
22．At which procedure can plastics waste be made into monomers
A．Plastic manufacturing. B．Oil and gas refining.
C．Chemical recycling. D．Mechanical recycling.
23．What is the sign of successful plastic waste recycling
A．Plastic waste recycling becomes commercialized.
B．Plastic waste has been made into new plastics.
C．Most of plastic waste has already gone into landfills.
D．Much has been burned in waste-to-energy facilities.
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料垃圾的产生情况、回收现状以及化学回收技术的发展。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“As hard as it is to imagine a time when we weren’t buried in plastics, mass production of synthetic polymers (合成聚合物) didn’t really begin until about 1950. Since then, however, we’ve generated an estimated 8.3 billion tons of the stuff — with about half that total coming since 2000 — and we’ve deserted something like 6.3 billion tons of it. (尽管很难想象人类尚未被塑料包围的时代，但合成聚合物的大规模生产实际上直到1950年左右才真正开始。然而自那时起，据估算我们已生产了约83亿吨塑料——其中近半数产自2000年之后——而废弃量更是达到了惊人的63亿吨)”可知，塑料垃圾在最近几十年达到了峰值。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据图表上Chemical recycling下面的描述“Plastic waste is chemically processed back into monomers.(塑料废料经化学处理后重新变成单体)”可知，塑料废料在Chemical recycling环节被制成monomers。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Many of the chemical recycling techniques are already quite mature. According to a 2019 report by Closed Loop Partners, a New York-based investment firm that invests in circular economy-related startups, that list includes more than 40 plastics recycling plants that are either operating or scheduled to open within the next few years in the United States and Canada alone. (许多化学回收技术已经相当成熟。根据总部位于纽约的投资公司Closed Loop Partners 2019年的一份报告，该公司投资于循环经济相关的初创企业，该名单包括40多家塑料回收厂，这些工厂要么已经在运营，要么计划在未来几年内仅在美国和加拿大开业)”可知，塑料废物回收成功的标志是塑料废物回收实现了商业化。故选A项。
B（原创）
Tributes have been paid to legendary chimpanzee expert Dr Jane Goodall, who has died aged 91.
Widely considered the world's leading expert on the creatures, the UN ( https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / all-about / united-nations" \t "https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / _blank ) Messenger of Peace and Founder dedicated her life to the protection of the animals with her ground-breaking studies. The primatologist passed away while on tour in California ( https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / all-about / california" \t "https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / _blank ).
A post on her institute's Facebook ( https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / all-about / facebook" \t "https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / ) page said: "The Jane Goodall Institute has learned this morning, Wednesday, October 1, 2025, that Dr. Jane Goodall DBE, UN Messenger of Peace and Founder of the Jane Goodall Institute has passed away due to natural causes.
"She was in California as part of her speaking tour in the United States. Dr. Goodall's discoveries as an ethologist revolutionised science, and she was a tireless advocate for the protection and restoration of our natural world ( https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / " \t "https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / )."
The ethologist, a winner of the Mirror's Animal Hero award, worked with the incredible creatures for almost 70 years. Jane – who was made a dame in recognition of her achievements – previously recalled the moment she was accepted by the chimp community when a primate she named David Greybeard, due to his silver facial hair, first approached her.
She said in 2020: “The chimpanzees spent the first two to three months running away from me and I’d get upset because I knew if I didn’t see something exciting, funding would run out for the project.
“They eventually tolerated me. But David Greybeard will always be special because he was the first of the chimpanzees to come close to me. Then one day he took a banana from my hand. He was amazingly gentle.”
What followed was an extraordinary relationship between Jane and the apes, caught on film by a cameraman who would later become her husband. She admitted there were times she was scared.
“The chimpanzees are 10 times stronger than me and when the big males charged or sometimes hit me, it was scary but I was there for a reason.”
Dame Jane was born in London in 1934 and began researching free-living chimpanzees in Tanzania in 1960.In 1977 she founded the Jane Goodall Institute, which works to protect the species and supports youth projects aimed at benefiting animals and the environment.
In 2002 she was handed a prominent United Nations role when she became a Messenger of Peace.A post to the official X account of the UN said: "Today, the UN family mourns the loss of Dr Jane Goodall. The scientist, conservationist and UN Messenger of Peace worked tirelessly for our planet and all its inhabitants, leaving an extraordinary legacy for humanity and nature."
24.When did Jane Goodall become a Messenger of Peace
A.In 1977. B.In 2020. C.In 2002. D.In 1960.
C考查细节理解。根据文章In 2002 she was handed a prominent United Nations role when she became a Messenger of Peace.2002年，她被任命为和平信使，担任联合国的重要职务。可知选C。
25.How can we best describe Jane Goodall according to the text
A.courageous and determined. B.honest and confident.
C.intelligent and grateful. D.considerate and energetic
A推理判断。根据文章“The chimpanzees are 10 times stronger than me and when the big males charged or sometimes hit me, it was scary but I was there for a reason.”“黑猩猩比我强壮10倍，当大雄性冲撞或有时打我时，这很可怕，但我在那里是有原因的。”表明她courageous，She worked with the incredible creatures for almost 70 years. 表明她有决心，有坚强的意志。故选A。
26.What is the main purpose of the author writing the text
A.To introduce Jane Goodall. B.To remember Jane Goodall.
C.To praise Jane Goodall. D.To raise the consciousness of Environment.
B推理判断。根据文章的前两段可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是缅怀Jane Goodall，故选B。
27.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Jane Goodall B.World's 'top expert
C.Jane Goodall and the chimp D.Jane Goodall passed away
D主旨大意。根据文章的整体内容可知，文章是一篇新闻稿，文章主要告知大众Jane Goodall逝世的消息。故选D。
C
Neighboring groups of birds within the same species can create very different-looking nests — showing that their nest-building choices aren’t only controlled by instinct (本能) and the environment. Instead, these birds seem to learn rules for nest-making that get passed down within a family group from generation to generation.
That’s the conclusion of researchers who studied nearly 450 grassy structures built over two years by white-browed sparrow weavers living in the Kalahari Desert in South Africa. These small, brown-and-white birds live in groups, and it turns out that groups of birds that lived quite near to each other built distinctive architectural forms.
The biggest difference was in “how short or long the structures are,” says study lead author Maria C． Tello-Ramos, a cognitive ecologist at the University of Hull in England. Furthermore, each group maintained the same architectural style over time— and when outsiders joined, they adapted to this style.
To examine what might account for the observed differences, the team carefully analyzed factors that can determine a nest’s size and shape for a given bird species: weather conditions, tree height, individuals’ body size and genetic (基因的) relatedness. Yet none of these factors seemed to play a relevant role in shaping how the Kalahari sparrows built their nests, the researchers report in Science.
“Then we say, ‘Okay, so what is left ’ ” Tello-Ramos explains. She and her colleagues proposed that cultural transmission (传输) might be key to nest building. “In our paper, we haven’t gotten there yet with experiments, but we have very good clues that that might be it, ” she says.
“These are important questions that are understudied, ” says Christina Riehl, an evolutionary biologist. She’s not convinced the study’s data are enough to fully rule out genetic influence. “They can’t actually look at the effect of, say, genetic differences, because they don’t have really good genetic information on all the individuals in these groups,” she says. “I think there’s a lot left to be done, and I think this paper will inspire future research in a really good way. ”
28．What plays a key role in birds’ nest-building choices according to the new study
A．Living conditions. B．Group traditions.
C．The influence of neighbors. D．The species of birds.
29．What do we know about the nests built by neighboring groups of birds
A．They are modeled after each other. B．They are made of different materials.
C．They vary most significantly in length. D．They share the same architectural style.
30．How did Tello-Ramos and his colleagues reach the study conclusion
A．Through statistical methods. B．Through careful experiments.
C．By excluding other possible factors. D．By reviewing findings of previous studies.
31．What does Christina Riehl think of the study
A．Limited but inspiring. B．Understudied and misleading.
C．Controversial but well-designed. D．Convincing and groundbreaking.
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．C 31．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对南非卡拉哈里沙漠中白眉麻雀织巢鸟的研究发现，即同一物种内相邻的鸟类群体可以建造出外观截然不同的巢穴，这表明它们的筑巢选择不仅受本能和环境的影响，还似乎通过家族群体代代相传的筑巢规则来学习。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Instead, these birds seem to learn rules for nest-making that get passed down within a family group from generation to generation.(相反，这些鸟类似乎学会了筑巢的规则，并且这些规则在家族群体中代代相传。)”以及第五段“She and her colleagues proposed that cultural transmission (传输) might be key to nest building.(她和她的同事提出，文化传承可能是筑巢的关键。)”可知，鸟类似乎学会了在家族群体中代代相传的筑巢规则，研究人员提出文化传承可能是筑巢的关键，这里的文化传承可以理解为群体传统。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The biggest difference was in “how short or long the structures are,” says study lead author Maria C. Tello-Ramos, a cognitive ecologist at the University of Hull in England.(该研究的第一作者Maria C. Tello-Ramos是英国赫尔大学的认知生态学家。她说，最大的差异在于“鸟巢结构的长短”。)”可知，相邻鸟群所建鸟巢最大的差异在于“结构的长短”，也就是在长度方面差异最为显著。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“To examine what might account for the observed differences, the team carefully analyzed factors that can determine a nest’s size and shape for a given bird species: weather conditions, tree height, individuals’ body size and genetic (基因的) relatedness. Yet none of these factors seemed to play a relevant role in shaping how the Kalahari sparrows built their nests, the researchers report in Science.(为了探究造成所观察到的差异的原因，研究团队仔细分析了可能决定特定鸟类物种鸟巢大小和形状的因素：天气状况、树的高度、个体的体型大小以及基因相关性。然而，研究人员在《科学》杂志上报告称，在塑造喀拉哈里麻雀的筑巢方式方面，这些因素似乎都没有起到相关作用。)”可知，为了探究造成所观察到差异的原因，研究团队仔细分析了可能决定鸟巢大小和形状的各种因素，如天气状况、树的高度、个体体型大小和基因相关性等，但发现这些因素似乎都对喀拉哈里麻雀的筑巢方式没有起到相关作用。由此可知，该研究团队先分析其他因素，排除它们的影响后提出新的观点。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“She’s not convinced the study’s data are enough to fully rule out genetic influence. “They can’t actually look at the effect of, say, genetic differences, because they don’t have really good genetic information on all the individuals in these groups, ” she says. “I think there’s a lot left to be done, and I think this paper will inspire future research in a really good way. ”(她并不相信该研究的数据足以完全排除基因的影响。“实际上，他们无法研究比如说基因差异所产生的影响，因为他们并没有掌握这些群体中所有个体的真正完善的基因信息。” 她说，“我认为还有很多工作有待完成，而且我觉得这篇论文会以非常好的方式激发未来的研究。”)”可知，她认为该研究的数据不足以完全排除基因的影响，因为研究人员没有掌握这些群体中所有个体完善的基因信息，这表明她觉得该研究存在一定的局限性。故选A。
D
Small setbacks in your day — like spilling your coffee or waiting in a long line at the gas station — can ruin your day. But the burnt toast theory is a belief that those minor inconveniences can lead to a positive outcome at a later time.
What is the burnt toast theory “It’s a concept based on reframing similar to redefine. something as simple as burning your toast in the morning, though it might be depressing and inconvenient, might actually have happened for good reason,” explains Dr. Markley. “Maybe it slows you down a bit, but it may also give you an extra two minutes to breathe while you wait for new toast.”
The idea is that these depressing situations may have a domino effect (多米诺效应) in your life — setting you up for something positive or keeping you from other problematic situations. Dr. Markley says that even if burning your toast impacts your day by changing the course of events, the setback does provide an opportunity to deal with, reframe your depression, and then refocus your thoughts and energy more productively. And it doesn’t just have to be burnt toast that leads to you reframing your day — it’s more of a metaphor (暗喻) for how daily troublesome occurrences can lead to a positive moment in your life.
It’s easy to think that burnt toast is just like other positive thinking methods such as lucky girl syndrome (综合征) or harmful positivity, which is a belief that you should have a positive outlook on life regardless of the situation. “I describe harmful positivity as throwing light at things that don’t shine. Harmful positivity is not actually all that helpful. some things are allowed to be upsetting and not everything needs to be positively reframed,” stresses Dr. Markley.
“The burnt toast theory isn’t encouraging you to be grateful for blackened toast. You can still be depressed that your toast is burnt, but it gives you an opportunity to reroute, reframe and overcome a small setback.”
32．How does the author explain “setbacks” in paragraph 1
A．By quoting an expert. B．By listing examples.
C．By giving a definition. D．By citing a theory.
33．What can we learn about the burnt toast theory
A．It was initiated by Dr. Markley. B．It is based on domino effects.
C．It helps distinguish false depression. D．It encourages redefining negativity.
34．What does paragraph 4 mainly discuss about the burnt toast theory
A．Its basic principle. B．Its unique feature.
C．Its current popularity. D．Its future development.
35．Which saying matches the idea of the burnt toast theory
A．Each dog has its day. B．still waters run deep.
C．Every cloud has a silver lining. D．Misfortune never comes single.
【答案】22．B 23．D 24．B 25．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“烤焦面包理论”。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Small setbacks in your day — like spilling your coffee or waiting in a long line at the gas station — can ruin your day.(你一天中的小挫折——比如打翻咖啡或在加油站排长队——可能会毁了你的一天)”可知，作者通过列举打翻咖啡或在加油站排长队等例子来解释“挫折”。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段中“It’s a concept based on reframing similar to redefine. something as simple as burning your toast in the morning, though it might be depressing and inconvenient, might actually have happened for good reason(这是一个基于重构的概念，类似于重新定义。早上烤焦面包这样简单的事情，虽然可能会让人沮丧和不便，但实际上可能是有充分理由的)”以及第三段中“Dr. Markley says that even if burning your toast impacts your day by changing the course of events, the setback does provide an opportunity to deal with, reframe your depression, and then refocus your thoughts and energy more productively.(马克利博士说，即使烤焦面包通过改变事件的进程影响了你的一天，但这个挫折确实提供了一个机会，让你处理、重构你的沮丧，然后更有效地重新集中你的思想和精力)”可知，烤焦面包理论鼓励人们重新定义消极情绪。故选D项。
34．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“It’s easy to think that burnt toast is just like other positive thinking methods such as lucky girl syndrome (综合征) or harmful positivity, which is a belief that you should have a positive outlook on life regardless of the situation.(人们很容易认为烤焦面包理论和其他积极思考的方法一样，比如幸运女孩综合症或有害的积极心态，后者认为无论在什么情况下，你都应该对生活持积极态度)”和“Harmful positivity is not actually all that helpful. some things are allowed to be upsetting and not everything needs to be positively reframed(有害的积极心态实际上并没有那么有帮助。有些事情是可以让人心烦的，并不是所有事情都需要积极地重构)”可知，第四段主要讨论了烤焦面包理论的独特之处，即它不同于有害的积极心态，不是鼓励人们对所有事情都持积极态度，而是允许人们感到沮丧，并提供了重新构建和克服小挫折的机会。故选B项。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s a concept based on reframing similar to redefine. something as simple as burning your toast in the morning, though it might be depressing and inconvenient, might actually have happened for good reason(这是一个基于重构的概念，类似于重新定义。早上烤焦面包这样简单的事情，虽然可能会让人沮丧和不便，但实际上可能是有充分理由的)”、第三段中“Dr. Markley says that even if burning your toast impacts your day by changing the course of events, the setback does provide an opportunity to deal with, reframe your depression, and then refocus your thoughts and energy more productively.(马克利博士说，即使烤焦面包通过改变事件的进程影响了你的一天，但这个挫折确实提供了一个机会，让你处理、重构你的沮丧，然后更有效地重新集中你的思想和精力)”和最后一段“The burnt toast theory isn’t encouraging you to be grateful for blackened toast. You can still be depressed that your toast is burnt, but it gives you an opportunity to reroute, reframe and overcome a small setback.(烤焦面包理论并没有鼓励你对烤黑面包心存感激。你可能仍然会因为烤糊了而沮丧，但这给了你一个改变路线、重新规划和克服小挫折的机会)”可知，烤焦面包理论认为日常生活中的小挫折虽然可能会让人沮丧和不便，可能会在之后带来积极的结果，所以C项“Every cloud has a silver lining.(黑暗中总有一线光明)”与烤焦面包理论相符，都表达了在困境中寻找积极面的思想。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studies have shown that physical activity can improve mental alertness and cognitive function. Your brain works better and you can think more clearly after exercising. 36 If you are looking for a way to boost your studying, try integrating daily exercise into your routine.
Try light exercise while you study.
A few studies have shown that performing light exercise while studying can help recall of information. These studies found that energetic exercise while studying may hurt recall because your brain is focused on the workout instead of the information. 37 You can use the stationary bike while you study for at least half an hour, making sure to keep the intensity light.
Exercise at your desk.
You can get your blood pumping at your desk while you study. If you don’t want to leave everything and go for a quick 15-minute walk, try getting some physical activity where you are. Do some chair squats (蹲) at your desk. Stand up from your chair, and then squat down without sitting down. Hang just above the chair for about 10 seconds. 38
Take a walk on breaks.
39 Get up and take a fifteen-minute walk around the building or around campus nearby. You can also do this if you are studying in your dorm or a coffee shop. Taking a break helps refresh yourself and gets blood flowing to the brain, which can help you think and remember better.
40
Consistent daily workouts, integrated with your study and class schedule, are more effective than forcing 150 minutes of physical activity into the weekend. Regular physical activity throughout the week enhances brain function when you need it most — during your study sessions — rather than leaving it to the weekend.
A．Repeat this 20 times.
B．Focus on consistency.
C．Make the exercise an enjoyable experience.
D．If you are going to exercise while studying, just make sure to keep it gentle.
E．If you are studying in the library, break up your study sessions with physical activity.
F．Do low-impact gentle exercises, such as walking or swimming, at least 30 minutes a day.
G．Physical activity also helps boost memory and recall, which is important for your studying.
【答案】36．G 37．D 38．A 39．E 40．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了体育活动对学习有好处（改善大脑功能和记忆力），并提供了一些建议：学习时进行轻度运动、课桌运动、散步休息以及坚持每天锻炼。
36．前文“Studies have shown that physical activity can improve mental alertness and cognitive function. Your brain works better and you can think more clearly after exercising.( 研究表明，体育活动可以提高精神警觉性和认知功能。锻炼后，你的大脑工作得更好，思维也更清晰)”提到“运动能提升大脑警觉性和认知功能，让思维更清晰”，空后“If you are looking for a way to boost your studying, try integrating daily exercise into your routine.( 如果你正在寻找一种促进学习的方法，试着把每天的锻炼融入你的日常生活中)”建议“想提升学习效率可将运动融入日常”。G 选项“Physical activity also helps boost memory and recall, which is important for your studying. (体育活动也有助于提高记忆和回忆，这对你的学习很重要)”承接前文“运动的好处”，且“important for your studying”直接呼应空后“boost your studying”，形成“运动好处→学习关联→具体建议”的连贯逻辑。故选G项。
37．前文“These studies found that energetic exercise while studying may hurt recall because your brain is focused on the workout instead of the information.(这些研究发现，学习时的剧烈运动可能会损害记忆，因为你的大脑专注于锻炼而不是信息)”明确“学习时轻度运动有助记忆，高强度运动反而影响回忆（大脑专注于运动而非知识）”，空后“You can use the stationary bike while you study for at least half an hour, making sure to keep the intensity light.( 你可以在学习的同时使用固定自行车至少半小时，确保保持强度轻)”举例“学习时用固定自行车，确保强度低”。D选项“If you are going to exercise while studying, just make sure to keep it gentle.( 如果你打算边学习边锻炼，只要确保动作轻柔就可以了)既总结前文“轻度运动”的核心，又引出空后“light intensity”的具体做法，衔接自然。故选D项。
38．前文“Stand up from your chair, and then squat down without sitting down. Hang just above the chair for about 10 seconds.( 从椅子上站起来，然后蹲下来，不要坐下。悬停在椅子上方约10秒钟)”详细描述 “桌面椅子蹲的动作：从椅子站起、蹲下但不坐下、悬停10 秒”，A 选项“Repeat this 20 times.( 重复20次)”是对该动作的完整补充，符合“动作说明→重复次数”的逻辑，使运动建议更具体可操作。故选A项。
39．本段主题“Take a walk on breaks.( 休息时散散步)”提到“休息时散步”，空后举例“在大楼/校园散步，或在宿舍/咖啡店也可这样做”。E选项“If you are studying in the library, break up your study sessions with physical activity.( 如果你在图书馆学习，那么在学习过程中穿插一些体育活动)”先限定“在图书馆学习”的场景，提出“用运动分隔学习时段”，与空后“不同场景的散步建议”形成“特定场景→通用场景”的递进，贴合段落 “休息时运动”的核心。故选E项。
40．根据下文“Consistent daily workouts, integrated with your study and class schedule, are more effective than forcing 150 minutes of physical activity into the weekend. Regular physical activity throughout the week enhances brain function when you need it most — during your study sessions — rather than leaving it to the weekend.( 坚持每天的锻炼，结合你的学习和课程安排，比在周末强迫150分钟的体育锻炼更有效。在你最需要锻炼的时候，也就是学习期间，定期进行身体锻炼可以增强大脑功能，而不是把它留到周末)”可知，本段核心是“日常规律运动比周末集中运动更有效，每周规律运动能在学习时提升大脑功能”。B选项“Focus on consistency.( 注重一致性)”作为小标题，能统领后文内容。故选B项。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my ten-year-old son Luke joined a local football team, I never expected to witness such a profound life lesson on the field. During a critical match against our town’s 41 team, the stadium buzzed with unexpected energy as crowds packed the 42 .
At a crucial time in the game, Luke got the football and was running for a touchdown. He ran this way and that, 43 players on the other team. His teammates did a 44 job in blocking too. Finally, only one opponent stood between my son and a touchdown. Then a teammate made a hard block, 45 the player to the ground.
There was now nothing between the goal and my son, who ran all out, then, 46 , stopped, turned around, ran back to the boy lying on the ground, and took a 47 .
The crowd went wild. Fans from our team 48 terrible words at Luke. People I had known for years said hateful things, staring at my son angrily and 49 him.
My heart pounding, I dashed across the field. Before I spoke, Luke whispered, “Dad, I heard a 50 crack when he fell. His leg’s broken—scoring would have 51 medical help.” Tears filled his eyes as he added, “Remember True 52 means doing what’s right.”
Overwhelmed with pride, I held him. Later, X-rays showed a serious break needing 53 . That night, Luke got no prize—yet his moral 54 lit up the locker room (更衣室). Years later, coaches still tell how one boy’s compassion redefined 55 .
41．A．opposing B．same C．winning D．practice
42．A．field B．stands C．locker rooms D．parking lot
43．A．coaching B．greeting C．assisting D．avoiding
44．A．solid B．messy C．hesitant D．half-hearted
45．A．lifting B．knocking C．guiding D．inviting
46．A．cheerfully B．gradually C．unexpectedly D．unwillingly
47．A．bow B．breath C．knee D．step
48．A．aimed B．directed C．mouthed D．shouted
49．A．threatening B．grabbing C．ignoring D．comforting
50．A．soft B．musical C．sickening D．repeated
51．A．called off B．put off C．held back D．gave up
52．A．strategy B．competition C．fitness D．sportsmanship
53．A．rest B．surgery C．help D．medicine
54．A．judgment B．talent C．effort D．integrity
55．A．value B．rules C．victory D．privilege
【答案】
41．A 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．D 53．B 54．D 55．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者十岁的儿子卢克在参加一场关键足球比赛时所展现出的高尚体育精神。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在与本镇的对手队进行的一场关键比赛中，看台上挤满了人群，体育场里突然充满了意想不到的活力。A. opposing对手的；B. same相同的；C. winning获胜的；D. practice练习。根据上文“against”和下文“team”可知，是与对手比赛，空格处意为“对手的”。故选A。
42．考查名词词义和名词短语辨析。句意：在与本镇的对手队进行的一场关键比赛中，看台上挤满了人群，体育场里突然充满了意想不到的活力。A. field田地，田野；B. stands看台；C. locker rooms更衣室；D. parking lot停车场。根据上文“During a critical match”和“crowds packed”可知，人们看比赛是在看台上看。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他左闪右躲，避开对方球员的拦截。A. coaching训练；B. greeting问候；C. assisting帮助；D. avoiding避开。根据上文“He ran this way and that”可知，他左闪右躲是为了避开对方球员的拦截。故选D。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的队友们也出色地完成了阻挡任务。A. solid相当不错的；B. messy脏的；C. hesitant犹豫的；D. half-hearted半心半意的。根据下文“Finally, only one opponent stood between my son and a touchdown”可知，作者的儿子的队友们出色地完成了阻挡任务，空格处是“相当不错的”。故选A。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，一名队友奋力一挡，将那名球员撞倒在地。A. lifting举起；B. knocking碰撞；C. guiding指导；D. inviting邀请。根据下文“to the ground”可知，一名队友是把那个球员撞倒在地。故选B。
46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在球门和我儿子之间什么都没有了，他跑了出去，然后，出乎意料地，停下来，转身，跑回躺在地上的男孩，跪了下来。A. cheerfully高高兴兴地；B. gradually逐渐；C. unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据下文“stopped, turned around, ran back to the boy lying on the ground”可知，作者的儿子出乎意料地转身。故选C。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在球门和我儿子之间什么都没有了，他跑了出去，然后，出乎意料地，停下来，转身，跑回躺在地上的男孩，单膝跪地。A. bow鞠躬；B. breath呼吸；C. knee膝盖；D. step一步。根据上文“player to the ground”可知，那名球员被撞倒在地，作者的儿子跑过去是跪在球员的身边，take a knee意为“单膝跪地”。故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们队的球迷对卢克大喊大叫。A. aimed瞄准，对准；B. directed指导；C. mouthed不出声地说；D. shouted大喊大叫。根据上文“ran back to the boy”可知，作者儿子回头去帮助那个球员，而不是去射门，作者儿子这一队的球迷们应该是对着作者儿子大喊大叫。故选D。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些我相识多年的人也恶语相向，愤怒地瞪着我儿子，还对他发出威胁。A. threatening威胁；B. grabbing抓住；C. ignoring忽视；D. comforting安慰。根据上文“staring at my son angrily”可知，那些人是瞪着作者儿子，威胁作者儿子。故选A。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，他摔倒时我听到了令人毛骨悚然的骨折声。A. soft柔软的；B. musical音乐的；C. sickening令人厌恶的；D. repeated重复的。根据下文“His leg’s broken”可知，球员的腿骨折了，作者的儿子是听见了骨折时发出的吓人的声音。故选C。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的腿断了——如果我还去射门得分，就会耽误他接受医疗救治。A. called off取消；B. put off推迟；C. held back抑制；D. gave up放弃。根据上文“His leg’s broken—scoring”可知，作者的儿子觉得那个球员腿断了，如果他不理会，继续去射门得分，就会耽误他接受医疗救治。故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：真正的体育精神意味着做正确的事。A. strategy策略；B. competition比赛；C. fitness健康；D. sportsmanship体育精神。根据下文“means doing what’s right”可知，这是在比赛，因此说的是“真正的体育精神意味着做正确的事”。故选D。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，X光显示严重骨折，需要手术。A. rest休息；B. surgery手术；C. help帮助；D. medicine医药。根据上文“X-rays showed a serious break”可知，那个球员骨折严重，需要手术。故选B。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，卢克没有获奖，但他的道德操守照亮了更衣室。A. judgment判断；B. talent才能；C. effort努力；D. integrity操守。根据第6空后的“turned around, ran back to the boy lying on the ground”可知，作者帮了那个球员，体现了高尚的道德操守。故选D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，教练们仍在讲述一个男孩的同情心如何重新定义了胜利。A. value价值；B. rules规则；C. victory胜利；D. privilege特权。根据上文“Luke got no prize—yet his moral integrity lit up the locker room”可知，作者儿子虽然没有获奖，但是却展现了高尚的操守，也就是重新定义了胜利。故选C。
第二节：(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（原创）
STOCKHOLM, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Monday for their discoveries 56._______（concern） peripheral immune tolerance（外周免疫耐受）."Their discoveries have been 57._______（decide） for our understanding of how the immune system functions and 58._______we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases," said Olle Kampe, chair of the Nobel Committee.
The Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute said the trio's work has had far-reaching clinical implications, 59._______（pave）the way for new treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancer, and 60._______（potential）improving the success of transplantations.
Brunkow, born in 1961, is a senior program 61._______（manage） at the Institute for Systems Biology in the United States. Ramsdell, born in 1960, serves 62._______ a scientific advisor at Sonoma Biotherapeutics, also in the United States. Sakaguchi, born in 1951, is 63._______ professor at the Immunology Frontier Research Center of Osaka University in Japan.
The laureates will share the prize sum of 11 million Swedish kronor (about 1.17 million U.S. dollars).
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 64._______（ award） since 1901. Last year's prize went to American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for discovering microRNA and 65._______（it） role in gene regulation.
【答案】56.concerning 57.decisive 58.why 59.paving 60.potentially 61.manager 62.as 63.a 64.has been awarded 65.its
【解析】56.concerning考查介词的用法。玛丽·E·布伦科、弗雷德·拉姆斯代尔和西蒙·坂口因发现外周免疫耐受机制荣获2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。此处concerning是介词，意为：有关，关于。故填concerning。
57.decisive考查词形转换。他们的研究为理解免疫系统运作机制及解释为何并非所有人都会患上严重自身免疫性疾病提供了关键性突破。此处decisive for意为：对……是决定性的。故用形容词。故填decisive。（本题易错，注意句意的语境理解）
58.why考查宾语从句。他们的研究为理解免疫系统运作机制及解释为何并非所有人都会患上严重自身免疫性疾病提供了关键性突破。此处作介词for的宾语从句，we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases从句成分齐全，根据句意用why。故填why。
59.paving考查非谓语动词。三位科学家的研究成果具有深远的临床应用价值，不仅为自身免疫疾病和癌症治疗开辟了新路径，还可能提升器官移植成功率。此处现在分词短语作状语。故填paving。
60.potentially考查词形转换。三位科学家的研究成果具有深远的临床应用价值，不仅为自身免疫疾病和癌症治疗开辟了新路径，还可能提升器官移植成功率。修饰动词improving用副词，故填。
61.manager考查词形转换。布伦科（1961年生）现任美国系统生物学研究所高级项目主管。此处是名词，意为：主管。故填manager。
62.as考查动词短语。拉姆斯代尔（1960年生）担任美国索诺玛生物治疗公司科学顾问。此处serve as意为：充当，担任。故填as。
63.a考查冠词。坂口（1951年生）是日本大阪大学免疫学前沿研究中心教授。此处指：一位教授。故填a。
64.has been awarded考查动词的时态和语态。自1901年起设立的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。根据时间状语since 1901可知，用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been awarded。
65.its考查代词的用法。去年由美国科学家维克多·安布罗斯与加里·鲁夫肯因发现微小RNA及其在基因调控中的作用而获得殊荣。此处意为：及其在基因调控中的作用。故填its。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
假定你是李华，在学校组织的国际文化交流活动筹备中，你负责制作展示各国文化特色的PowerPoint。但由于电脑故障，你未能在规定日期前完成任务。请你给负责此次活动的外教Mr Johnson 写一封道歉信，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.说明原因；
3.补救措施和预计完成时间。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr Johnson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Mr Johnson,
I’m writing to offer my sincere apology for not being able to complete the PowerPoint for the international cultural exchange activity on time.
The delay was caused by an unexpected computer problem. My computer suddenly crashed while I was working on the presentation. To make matters worse, I didn’t save the file, so I had to start over. However, please rest assured that I am working hard to make up for the lost time. I’m confident that I can finish the PowerPoint within two days. I’ll double-check every slide to ensure there are no errors.
Once again, I’m truly sorry for the inconvenience caused. Thank you for your understanding.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给负责此次活动的外教Mr Johnson 写一封道歉信，因为学校组织的国际文化交流活动筹备中，由于电脑故障，未能在规定日期前完成制作展示各国文化特色的PowerPoint的任务。
第二节 (满分 25 分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Bear was not a bear. She was a big dog on the Perkinses’ family farm, a woolly creature with floppy ears and paws like bedroom slippers. She protected the ducks and chickens from being eaten by foxes and raccoons (浣熊) .
She guarded the children as well, watching over them as closely as she did the chickens and ducks. In winter the dog ran alongside the children as they sledded (滑雪橇) down snowy hills. In summer she swam with them in a nearby river.
Bear belonged to a breed (品种) that had long been used by Atlantic fishermen to help with their work, and it had a keen instinct for water rescue. When the children were in the river, the dog would swim in circles around them, barking when she felt they went out too far. She was the perfect farm dog — companion, guardian, protector.
The dog’s favorite among the three children was three-year-old little Mike. They often curled up together. Sometimes Bear would doze while Mike pretended to read to her. Often both were sound asleep, a tangle of dark fur, blond hair, small hands and huge paws. At bedtime, Mike saved his last hug for Bear, his “best friend”.
On a cold winter day, when their parents went out to send a parcel, eight-year-old Martha, seven-year-old Sara and Mike, went to slide on the frozen pond of their farm. Shouting happily, they slid back and forth, their boots gliding easily across the ice. They laughed as they watched Bear’s attempts to stop suddenly, which would instead send her skidding beyond them. Then, tired, the three sat down on the ice, with Bear beside them. Suddenly the ice gave way under their combined weight.
As Bear jumped for shore, the three children fell into the freezing cold water. Screaming, Martha and Sarah struggled to find footing on rocks underwater. Branches from a tree nearby provided handholds, and using every bit of their strength, the two girls pulled themselves to shore.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Looking back, they saw little Mike holding on to a broken chunk (大块) of ice, unable to crawl onto it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Seeing that, Bear let out a series of woofs and jumped into the water, heading straight for Mike.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Looking back, they saw little Mike holding on to a broken chunk of ice, unable to crawl onto it. Panic slammed into Martha and Sara like a hammer; their breaths came in harsh clouds as the wind howled across the pond. “Mike, keep your arms up — don’t let go!” Martha shouted, her voice cracking with fear. The boy’s lips were turning a frightening shade of blue, and water sloshed over his boots each time the ice tilted. The sisters clung to a low branch, but the thought of re-entering the frigid hole was unbearable. With no adults in sight and daylight fading, the brittle silence of the farm suddenly felt enormous.
Seeing that, Bear let out a series of woofs and jumped into the water, heading straight for Mike. Powerful strokes sliced the surface as spray flew from her coat. When she reached him, she circled once, nudging his armpit with her nose until Mike’s arms slid over her broad shoulders. Instinct took over. Gripping his jacket between her teeth, she turned toward shore and began towing her passenger. Martha and Sara lay flat on the ice, stretching a long branch. The moment Bear’s paws scraped frozen ground, the girls hauled the boy and the dog together, collapsing in a trembling heap of relief.
【解析】本文以小狗Bear为线索展开，讲述了它保护着鸭子、鸡和孩子们。在一个寒冷冬日，三个孩子在农场池塘滑冰时冰面破裂，Martha和Sara上岸后发现Mike被困在冰上。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“回头看，他们看到小Mike紧紧抓住一块破碎的冰，无法爬上去。”可知，第一段可描写Martha和Sara的惊慌失措以及Mike的危险处境，同时强调当时的寒冷和无助。
②由第二段首句内容“看到这一幕，Bear发出一连串的叫声，跳进水里，径直向Mike游去。”可知，第二段可描写Bear如何成功营救Mike，以及Martha和Sara在岸边的协助，最后大家都松了一口气。
2. 续写线索：冰面破裂——Mike被困——Bear营救——成功上岸
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2025-2026学年高考一轮复习英语模拟卷02（全国II卷）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C.
1． Why is Chloe wearing boots
A．She was hiking.
B．She follows fashion.
C．She got them from her friend.
2． Where are the speakers probably
A．In a theater. B．At home. C．On a train.
3． What does the man think about fishing
A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Exciting.
4． What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．A talented actress.
B．The details of a plot.
C．A movie they’ve just seen.
5． What does the woman want to do
A．Give up smoking. B．Go for a run regularly. C．Lose weight.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和7题。
6．What does the man like about the house
A．The stairs. B．The light. C．The windows.
7．What are the speakers going to do next
A．Get a gate. B．Look at more rooms. C．Bargain with the seller.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What kind of photos does the woman mostly take now
A．Nature and wildlife. B．Travels. C．Street scenes.
9．What does the man mean in the end
A．He is fond of traveling.
B．He wants to start a new hobby.
C．He likes taking photos with an old camera.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What position does the woman apply for
A．A secretary. B．A doctor. C．A nurse.
11．What does the woman find difficult in her previous work
A．A lack of experience.
B．Her poor education background.
C．Problems with mental health work.
12．Which aspect of the job appeals to the woman
A．Dealing with heart issues. B．Working with her family. C．Sorting out paperwork.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．When does the conversation probably take place
A．In June. B．In August. C．In September.
14．Why did the speakers go to the museum
A．They were advised to go there.
B．They had a history class there.
C．They followed a tour group there.
15．What did the woman find the most impressive about the museum
A．Its unique design. B．Its number of pieces. C．Its collection of literature.
16．How will the speakers probably go home
A．By bike. B．By subway. C．On foot.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Why does the speaker give the talk
A．To share his path to success.
B．To introduce his colorful school life.
C．To provide ways on becoming a top chef.
18．What did the speaker leave home for
A．Furthering his study. B．Opening a restaurant. C．Traveling around the world.
19．Where was the speaker’s first restaurant set up
A．In the UK. B．In France. C．In the US.
20．What do we know about the speaker’s mother
A．She is a leading chef.
B．She inspired the speaker in his career.
C．She took care of the speaker at university.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Solving the growing plastic waste puzzle
As hard as it is to imagine a time when we weren’t buried in plastics, mass production of synthetic polymers (合成聚合物) didn’t really begin until about 1950. Since then, however, we’ve generated an estimated 8.3 billion tons of the stuff — with about half that total coming since 2000 — and we’ve deserted something like 6.3 billion tons of it.
Unfortunately for the planet, only about 9 percent of that plastic waste has ever been recycled. Another 12 percent has been burned, most recently in waste-to-energy facilities. But most of the rest has gone into landfills — or worse, into the environment.
Much of what is done to recover plastic from the waste stream is a purely mechanical process. Once the plastic items have been sorted by polymer type and sent to the recycling workplace, they are simply cut up, washed clean and melted down into pellets (团粒). The pellets are then sold to manufacturers that will incorporate (组合) the material into new products.
Many of the chemical recycling techniques are already quite mature. According to a 2019 report by Closed Loop Partners, a New York-based investment firm that invests in circular economy-related startups, that list includes more than 40 plastics recycling plants that are either operating or scheduled to open within the next few years in the United States and Canada alone. At least some of those plants are expected to incorporate chemical recycling technology.
21．When does plastic waste reach its peak
A．Before 1950. B．Before 2000.
C．After 2019. D．In recent decades.
22．At which procedure can plastics waste be made into monomers
A．Plastic manufacturing. B．Oil and gas refining.
C．Chemical recycling. D．Mechanical recycling.
23．What is the sign of successful plastic waste recycling
A．Plastic waste recycling becomes commercialized.
B．Plastic waste has been made into new plastics.
C．Most of plastic waste has already gone into landfills.
D．Much has been burned in waste-to-energy facilities.
B（原创）
Tributes have been paid to legendary chimpanzee expert Dr Jane Goodall, who has died aged 91.
Widely considered the world's leading expert on the creatures, the UN ( https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / all-about / united-nations" \t "https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / _blank ) Messenger of Peace and Founder dedicated her life to the protection of the animals with her ground-breaking studies. The primatologist passed away while on tour in California ( https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / all-about / california" \t "https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / _blank ).
A post on her institute's Facebook ( https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / all-about / facebook" \t "https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / ) page said: "The Jane Goodall Institute has learned this morning, Wednesday, October 1, 2025, that Dr. Jane Goodall DBE, UN Messenger of Peace and Founder of the Jane Goodall Institute has passed away due to natural causes.
"She was in California as part of her speaking tour in the United States. Dr. Goodall's discoveries as an ethologist revolutionised science, and she was a tireless advocate for the protection and restoration of our natural world ( https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / " \t "https: / / www.mirror.co.uk / news / world-news / )."
The ethologist, a winner of the Mirror's Animal Hero award, worked with the incredible creatures for almost 70 years. Jane – who was made a dame in recognition of her achievements – previously recalled the moment she was accepted by the chimp community when a primate she named David Greybeard, due to his silver facial hair, first approached her.
She said in 2020: “The chimpanzees spent the first two to three months running away from me and I’d get upset because I knew if I didn’t see something exciting, funding would run out for the project.
“They eventually tolerated me. But David Greybeard will always be special because he was the first of the chimpanzees to come close to me. Then one day he took a banana from my hand. He was amazingly gentle.”
What followed was an extraordinary relationship between Jane and the apes, caught on film by a cameraman who would later become her husband. She admitted there were times she was scared.
“The chimpanzees are 10 times stronger than me and when the big males charged or sometimes hit me, it was scary but I was there for a reason.”
Dame Jane was born in London in 1934 and began researching free-living chimpanzees in Tanzania in 1960.In 1977 she founded the Jane Goodall Institute, which works to protect the species and supports youth projects aimed at benefiting animals and the environment.
In 2002 she was handed a prominent United Nations role when she became a Messenger of Peace.A post to the official X account of the UN said: "Today, the UN family mourns the loss of Dr Jane Goodall. The scientist, conservationist and UN Messenger of Peace worked tirelessly for our planet and all its inhabitants, leaving an extraordinary legacy for humanity and nature."
24.When did Jane Goodall become a Messenger of Peace
A.In 1977. B.In 2020. C.In 2002. D.In 1960.
25.How can we best describe Jane Goodall according to the text
A.courageous and determined. B.honest and confident.
C.intelligent and grateful. D.considerate and energetic
26.What is the main purpose of the author writing the text
A.To introduce Jane Goodall. B.To remember Jane Goodall.
C.To praise Jane Goodall. D.To raise the consciousness of Environment.
27.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Jane Goodall B.World's 'top expert
C.Jane Goodall and the chimp D.Jane Goodall passed away
C
Neighboring groups of birds within the same species can create very different-looking nests — showing that their nest-building choices aren’t only controlled by instinct (本能) and the environment. Instead, these birds seem to learn rules for nest-making that get passed down within a family group from generation to generation.
That’s the conclusion of researchers who studied nearly 450 grassy structures built over two years by white-browed sparrow weavers living in the Kalahari Desert in South Africa. These small, brown-and-white birds live in groups, and it turns out that groups of birds that lived quite near to each other built distinctive architectural forms.
The biggest difference was in “how short or long the structures are,” says study lead author Maria C． Tello-Ramos, a cognitive ecologist at the University of Hull in England. Furthermore, each group maintained the same architectural style over time— and when outsiders joined, they adapted to this style.
To examine what might account for the observed differences, the team carefully analyzed factors that can determine a nest’s size and shape for a given bird species: weather conditions, tree height, individuals’ body size and genetic (基因的) relatedness. Yet none of these factors seemed to play a relevant role in shaping how the Kalahari sparrows built their nests, the researchers report in Science.
“Then we say, ‘Okay, so what is left ’ ” Tello-Ramos explains. She and her colleagues proposed that cultural transmission (传输) might be key to nest building. “In our paper, we haven’t gotten there yet with experiments, but we have very good clues that that might be it, ” she says.
“These are important questions that are understudied, ” says Christina Riehl, an evolutionary biologist. She’s not convinced the study’s data are enough to fully rule out genetic influence. “They can’t actually look at the effect of, say, genetic differences, because they don’t have really good genetic information on all the individuals in these groups,” she says. “I think there’s a lot left to be done, and I think this paper will inspire future research in a really good way. ”
28．What plays a key role in birds’ nest-building choices according to the new study
A．Living conditions. B．Group traditions.
C．The influence of neighbors. D．The species of birds.
29．What do we know about the nests built by neighboring groups of birds
A．They are modeled after each other. B．They are made of different materials.
C．They vary most significantly in length. D．They share the same architectural style.
30．How did Tello-Ramos and his colleagues reach the study conclusion
A．Through statistical methods. B．Through careful experiments.
C．By excluding other possible factors. D．By reviewing findings of previous studies.
31．What does Christina Riehl think of the study
A．Limited but inspiring. B．Understudied and misleading.
C．Controversial but well-designed. D．Convincing and groundbreaking.
D
Small setbacks in your day — like spilling your coffee or waiting in a long line at the gas station — can ruin your day. But the burnt toast theory is a belief that those minor inconveniences can lead to a positive outcome at a later time.
What is the burnt toast theory “It’s a concept based on reframing similar to redefine. something as simple as burning your toast in the morning, though it might be depressing and inconvenient, might actually have happened for good reason,” explains Dr. Markley. “Maybe it slows you down a bit, but it may also give you an extra two minutes to breathe while you wait for new toast.”
The idea is that these depressing situations may have a domino effect (多米诺效应) in your life — setting you up for something positive or keeping you from other problematic situations. Dr. Markley says that even if burning your toast impacts your day by changing the course of events, the setback does provide an opportunity to deal with, reframe your depression, and then refocus your thoughts and energy more productively. And it doesn’t just have to be burnt toast that leads to you reframing your day — it’s more of a metaphor (暗喻) for how daily troublesome occurrences can lead to a positive moment in your life.
It’s easy to think that burnt toast is just like other positive thinking methods such as lucky girl syndrome (综合征) or harmful positivity, which is a belief that you should have a positive outlook on life regardless of the situation. “I describe harmful positivity as throwing light at things that don’t shine. Harmful positivity is not actually all that helpful. some things are allowed to be upsetting and not everything needs to be positively reframed,” stresses Dr. Markley.
“The burnt toast theory isn’t encouraging you to be grateful for blackened toast. You can still be depressed that your toast is burnt, but it gives you an opportunity to reroute, reframe and overcome a small setback.”
32．How does the author explain “setbacks” in paragraph 1
A．By quoting an expert. B．By listing examples.
C．By giving a definition. D．By citing a theory.
33．What can we learn about the burnt toast theory
A．It was initiated by Dr. Markley. B．It is based on domino effects.
C．It helps distinguish false depression. D．It encourages redefining negativity.
34．What does paragraph 4 mainly discuss about the burnt toast theory
A．Its basic principle. B．Its unique feature.
C．Its current popularity. D．Its future development.
35．Which saying matches the idea of the burnt toast theory
A．Each dog has its day. B．still waters run deep.
C．Every cloud has a silver lining. D．Misfortune never comes single.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studies have shown that physical activity can improve mental alertness and cognitive function. Your brain works better and you can think more clearly after exercising. 36 If you are looking for a way to boost your studying, try integrating daily exercise into your routine.
Try light exercise while you study.
A few studies have shown that performing light exercise while studying can help recall of information. These studies found that energetic exercise while studying may hurt recall because your brain is focused on the workout instead of the information. 37 You can use the stationary bike while you study for at least half an hour, making sure to keep the intensity light.
Exercise at your desk.
You can get your blood pumping at your desk while you study. If you don’t want to leave everything and go for a quick 15-minute walk, try getting some physical activity where you are. Do some chair squats (蹲) at your desk. Stand up from your chair, and then squat down without sitting down. Hang just above the chair for about 10 seconds. 38
Take a walk on breaks.
39 Get up and take a fifteen-minute walk around the building or around campus nearby. You can also do this if you are studying in your dorm or a coffee shop. Taking a break helps refresh yourself and gets blood flowing to the brain, which can help you think and remember better.
40
Consistent daily workouts, integrated with your study and class schedule, are more effective than forcing 150 minutes of physical activity into the weekend. Regular physical activity throughout the week enhances brain function when you need it most — during your study sessions — rather than leaving it to the weekend.
A．Repeat this 20 times.
B．Focus on consistency.
C．Make the exercise an enjoyable experience.
D．If you are going to exercise while studying, just make sure to keep it gentle.
E．If you are studying in the library, break up your study sessions with physical activity.
F．Do low-impact gentle exercises, such as walking or swimming, at least 30 minutes a day.
G．Physical activity also helps boost memory and recall, which is important for your studying.
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my ten-year-old son Luke joined a local football team, I never expected to witness such a profound life lesson on the field. During a critical match against our town’s 41 team, the stadium buzzed with unexpected energy as crowds packed the 42 .
At a crucial time in the game, Luke got the football and was running for a touchdown. He ran this way and that, 43 players on the other team. His teammates did a 44 job in blocking too. Finally, only one opponent stood between my son and a touchdown. Then a teammate made a hard block, 45 the player to the ground.
There was now nothing between the goal and my son, who ran all out, then, 46 , stopped, turned around, ran back to the boy lying on the ground, and took a 47 .
The crowd went wild. Fans from our team 48 terrible words at Luke. People I had known for years said hateful things, staring at my son angrily and 49 him.
My heart pounding, I dashed across the field. Before I spoke, Luke whispered, “Dad, I heard a 50 crack when he fell. His leg’s broken—scoring would have 51 medical help.” Tears filled his eyes as he added, “Remember True 52 means doing what’s right.”
Overwhelmed with pride, I held him. Later, X-rays showed a serious break needing 53 . That night, Luke got no prize—yet his moral 54 lit up the locker room (更衣室). Years later, coaches still tell how one boy’s compassion redefined 55 .
41．A．opposing B．same C．winning D．practice
42．A．field B．stands C．locker rooms D．parking lot
43．A．coaching B．greeting C．assisting D．avoiding
44．A．solid B．messy C．hesitant D．half-hearted
45．A．lifting B．knocking C．guiding D．inviting
46．A．cheerfully B．gradually C．unexpectedly D．unwillingly
47．A．bow B．breath C．knee D．step
48．A．aimed B．directed C．mouthed D．shouted
49．A．threatening B．grabbing C．ignoring D．comforting
50．A．soft B．musical C．sickening D．repeated
51．A．called off B．put off C．held back D．gave up
52．A．strategy B．competition C．fitness D．sportsmanship
53．A．rest B．surgery C．help D．medicine
54．A．judgment B．talent C．effort D．integrity
55．A．value B．rules C．victory D．privilege
第二节：(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（原创）
STOCKHOLM, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Monday for their discoveries 56._______（concern） peripheral immune tolerance（外周免疫耐受）."Their discoveries have been 57._______（decide） for our understanding of how the immune system functions and 58._______we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases," said Olle Kampe, chair of the Nobel Committee.
The Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute said the trio's work has had far-reaching clinical implications, 59._______（pave）the way for new treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancer, and 60._______（potential）improving the success of transplantations.
Brunkow, born in 1961, is a senior program 61._______（manage） at the Institute for Systems Biology in the United States. Ramsdell, born in 1960, serves 62._______ a scientific advisor at Sonoma Biotherapeutics, also in the United States. Sakaguchi, born in 1951, is 63._______ professor at the Immunology Frontier Research Center of Osaka University in Japan.
The laureates will share the prize sum of 11 million Swedish kronor (about 1.17 million U.S. dollars).
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 64._______（ award） since 1901. Last year's prize went to American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for discovering microRNA and 65._______（it） role in gene regulation.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
假定你是李华，在学校组织的国际文化交流活动筹备中，你负责制作展示各国文化特色的PowerPoint。但由于电脑故障，你未能在规定日期前完成任务。请你给负责此次活动的外教Mr Johnson 写一封道歉信，内容包括：
1.表示歉意；
2.说明原因；
3.补救措施和预计完成时间。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr Johnson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分 25 分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Bear was not a bear. She was a big dog on the Perkinses’ family farm, a woolly creature with floppy ears and paws like bedroom slippers. She protected the ducks and chickens from being eaten by foxes and raccoons (浣熊) .
She guarded the children as well, watching over them as closely as she did the chickens and ducks. In winter the dog ran alongside the children as they sledded (滑雪橇) down snowy hills. In summer she swam with them in a nearby river.
Bear belonged to a breed (品种) that had long been used by Atlantic fishermen to help with their work, and it had a keen instinct for water rescue. When the children were in the river, the dog would swim in circles around them, barking when she felt they went out too far. She was the perfect farm dog — companion, guardian, protector.
The dog’s favorite among the three children was three-year-old little Mike. They often curled up together. Sometimes Bear would doze while Mike pretended to read to her. Often both were sound asleep, a tangle of dark fur, blond hair, small hands and huge paws. At bedtime, Mike saved his last hug for Bear, his “best friend”.
On a cold winter day, when their parents went out to send a parcel, eight-year-old Martha, seven-year-old Sara and Mike, went to slide on the frozen pond of their farm. Shouting happily, they slid back and forth, their boots gliding easily across the ice. They laughed as they watched Bear’s attempts to stop suddenly, which would instead send her skidding beyond them. Then, tired, the three sat down on the ice, with Bear beside them. Suddenly the ice gave way under their combined weight.
As Bear jumped for shore, the three children fell into the freezing cold water. Screaming, Martha and Sarah struggled to find footing on rocks underwater. Branches from a tree nearby provided handholds, and using every bit of their strength, the two girls pulled themselves to shore.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Looking back, they saw little Mike holding on to a broken chunk (大块) of ice, unable to crawl onto it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Seeing that, Bear let out a series of woofs and jumped into the water, heading straight for Mike.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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