（单元培优卷）Unit 6 When was it invented？单元核心素养培优卷（含答案解析）-2025 - 2026学年九年级全册英语人教新目标版

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2025-2026学年九年级全册英语单元核心素养培优卷人教新目标版
Unit 6 When was it invented？
本试卷共11页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
In ancient times, the “Four Great Inventions” in China had a great influence on the whole world. In recent years, China once again has 1 its ability to change the world with its “Four 2 Great Inventions”: high speed railways, mobile payment, bike sharing and online shopping.
Do you know 3 the new inventions can appear in China The “Four New Great Inventions” are 4 related to China’s high tech innovation (创新). 5 , the operating mode (模式) of bike sharing is based 6 the satellite navigation system (卫星导航系统), mobile payment, big data and other high technology. This shows that China’s high tech innovation has greatly 7 the quality of people’s lives.
China has 8 a new innovative era (时代), thanks to the large amount of 9 that China has spent on encouraging innovation. China is beginning to 10 in innovation in some ways.
“The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ have 11 improved the customers’ experiences, and helped national and global (全球的) economy 12 at the same time,” said Charlie Dai, principal analyst (首席分析师) of an American market research company.
As a whole, all the Chinese are 13 of their “Four New Great Inventions”. It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer 14 western ideas. More and more foreigners 15 to promote (促进) economic growth of their countries by learning from China’s innovation.
1．A．seemed B．appeared C．looked D．showed
2．A．Old B．New C．Big D．High
3．A．when B．what C．why D．where
4．A．all B．both C．neither D．none
5．A．All of a sudden B．As a result C．In the end D．For example
6．A．in B．on C．to D．from
7．A．improved B．finished C．invented D．wasted
8．A．played B．taken C．entered D．wanted
9．A．people B．water C．electricity D．money
10．A．try B．lead C．win D．value
11．A．surely B．hardly C．nearly D．badly
12．A．develop B．warn C．mean D．live
13．A．proud B．tired C．bored D．satisfied
14．A．helping B．increasing C．copying D．creating
15．A．afford B．repeat C．hope D．wait
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
Alfredo Moser is a Brazilian worker who is skilled at repairing machines. His wife says her husband has always been handy (手巧的) at home and made tables and chairs. Alfredo has invented a way of lighting his house during the day without electricity.
He has been using plastic bottles filled up with water and a little bleach (漂白剂) to provide dark rooms with light for many years. And the idea has now spread across the world. It is predicted that his lighting system, which works using refraction (折射) of sunlight, will be fitted in over a million homes by the end of this year.
Alfredo used normal plastic drinks bottles that are often thrown away. The secret of the liquid in the bottles is the bleach added to water, which stops it turning green in the sunlight. Mr. Moser drills a hole in a roof tile (在屋瓦上钻洞) and then pushes the bottle in from below, keeping the bottle in place with polyester resin (聚酯树脂). Depending on the strength of sunlight, the light fills his home, and the bottles are just like electric bulbs of between 40 and 60 watts (瓦特).
Alfredo came up with the idea for his “Moser light” during one of the blackouts in Brazil in 2002. He said only factories had power in his home city, in southern Brazil during the energy shortage.
The local supermarket and his neighbors, houses are utilizing Moser lights. He earned a few dollars, but his invention has not made him a rich man. Now a great number of people admire what he is doing!
16．What did Alfredo’s wife think of him
A．Alfredo was always busy repairing machines.
B．Alfredo couldn’t do any housework.
C．Alfredo was clever with his hands.
D．Alfredo was a helpful man to save our world.
17．Why does Alfredo put a little bleach into the bottle
A．Because the bottle can give more light.
B．Because the bleach can keep the bottle in a roof tile.
C．Because the bleach can protect water from turning green.
D．Because the bleach can reflect the sunlight.
18．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．People can use Moser’s lights only at night.
B．Moser’s light gives too poor light.
C．Moser’s bottles use electricity to light the room.
D．Moser’s bottle light is a green idea.
19．What does the underlined word “utilizing” in the passage probably mean
A．Selling. B．Using. C．Taking. D．Locking.
20．What can we learn from the passage
A．Alfredo’s lights will be more and more popular.
B．Nobody will buy Moser lights in the future.
C．Alfredo won’t repair machines any more.
D．Alfredo’s invention will bring him a lot of money.
B
(Ned, Conceil and I were taken to the ship. Captain Nemo showed us around. He led us into a room as a museum with a great collection and then took us to the library and the galley(画廊).)
①Captain Nemo was very proud of his collection and the ship—the Nautilus. Then, he took me to my cabin(房舱). It was a very comfortable bedroom and was next to his cabin. His cabin had an instrument panel(仪表板), and on this he could see everything that he needed to know to sail the Nautilus.
②He told me that he had found a way to make electricity using salt and mercury(汞). This electricity gave the Nautilus all the power it needed to move through the water. Huge pumps(泵)filled and emptied tanks of air and water to make the Nautilus sink or rise. I was surprised to find that the Nautilus even had a small dinghy(小艇). Captain Nemo could enter the dinghy from the Nautilus while it was underwater and go to the surface. Then, the Nautilus would come up to collect him. As we walked to the engine room(发动机舱), we passed the large kitchen and crew(船员)room. The door of the crew room was closed, so I could not see how many men were asked to work on the Nautilus.
③Captain Nemo showed me the engine and explained how it worked. It was difficult to understand how the tanks, rudders and batteries worked. However, I had to believe it because the engine was working! The Nautilus was seventy meters long and eight meters wide. It had a cylindrical(圆柱形的)shape with points on each end and weighed 1,500 tons. A pilot sat in a small room with strong windows, and a powerful electric light showed him where he was going.
④“It’s a wonderful ship!” I exclaimed.
⑤“I love it as if it were my child.” he replied.
⑥“How did you build it in secret ” I asked. “All the parts were made in different countries. I used different names each time I placed an order. I took all the parts to a desert island, and my workmen put them together. Then, we burned our workshops.”
⑦“It must have cost a great deal of money!” I exclaimed again.
⑧“Millions of dollars,” he replied. “However, I have billions.”
—Taken from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
21．What can we learn about the Nautilus
A．It had a lot of rooms with many treasures in them.
B．It was too large for Captain Nemo to know how to sail.
C．Everyone knew that Captain Nemo built it on a desert island.
D．It could sail not only on the surface of the sea but under the water.
22．Which of the following question is NOT answered in the passage
A．What was the dinghy used for
B．How could the Nautilus sink or rise
C．How many workmen were there on the Nautilus
D．How could the Nautilus get the power to move through water
23．What does the underlined word “exclaimed” mean in Paragraph 4
A．cried suddenly in pain B．said suddenly and loudly in surprise
C．spoke in a low voice because of sadness D．shouted in a loud voice because of anger
24．Which is the correct order of the story
①Captain Nemo told us how he made electricity.
②All the parts of the ship were put together on an island.
③Captain Nemo took Ned, Conceil and I to the Nautilus.
④We realized how great the ship was.
A．③④①② B．①③④② C．②④③① D．②③①④
25．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Captain Nemo had so much money.
B．“I” was excited to visit the Nautilus.
C．The Nautilus could sail under the water.
D．The Nautilus was a great ship that Captain Nemo was proud of.
C
Of all the inventions of the last century, none has changed our lives more than the computer.
A German named Konrad Zuse is considered to be the inventor of the computer. In 1941, he built the world’s first computer that was controlled by programs. It was used to do difficult math problems.
From 1937 to 1942, a teacher and a student from Iowa State University in the United States worked on a new computer. It was the world’s first electronic digital computer (电子数字计算机). It was the size of a desk and weighed over 700 pounds. That is the weight of a strong bear!
In 1946, two inventors worked together and built an even bigger and better computer. They called it ENLAC． It filled a huge room and weighed 30 tons, or about as heavy as 5 elephants. It used lots of electricity and needed a way to help keep it cool.
In 1947, the transistor (晶体管) was invented. This make it possible to build a smaller computer. The invention of integrated circuits (集成电路) then took the jobs of many electronic parts and put them into one part.
Then microprocessors (微处理器) were invented, which took lots of integrated circuits and put them into one microchip (微芯片). These improvements led to the computers we use today. But scientists still developed other inventions to make the computer do different things and easier to use.
Computers paved the way for the Internet, a whole new way of communicating. Web-pages, e-mails, and high-speed Internet connections soon followed. These things made communicating with people all over the world easy. What might computers do in the future What will be invented then
阅读短文回答下列问题：
26．What do we know about the first program-controlled computer
A．It was invented in 1944.
B．In was built by two Americans.
C．It was an electronic digital computer.
D．It was used to do difficult math problems.
27．The computer ENIAC was as heavy as ___________.
A．70 pounds B．30 tons C．an elephant D．a strong bear
28．The invention of transistors made it possible to _________.
A．send e-mails B．create webpages
C．connect the world better D．build smaller computers
29．The underlined words “paved the way” in the last paragraph mean “________” in Chinese.
A．提供模型 B．设定目标 C．创造条件 D．筹集资金
30．What’s the passage mainly about
A．History of the computer. B．Inventors of the computer.
C．Use of the computer in life. D．Importance of the computer.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容。从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Velvet flowers, also called ronghua in Chinese, used to be an endangered folk craft（濒危的民间工艺）. But now it keeps alive with more young people getting interested in it. 31 Murong faced challenges in learning this handicraft. “I started to learn about it five or six years ago from some ancient Chinese costurme historical dramas,” she said. 32 Finally, she watched a TV program showing how to make velvet flowers in detail（细节）.
33 Velvet flowers are made of silk and copper wires（铜钱）. “However, it was difficult to buy these materials with fewer suppliers（供应商）at that time,” Murong said. Another key step is to choose copper wires in the proper size and type. “The hardness（硬度）really does matter,” she said. 34
Murong has made many beautiful artworks. 35 Her video showing the making process of it got very popular online. The video has received over 2.4 million views on Bilibili.
As a lover of traditional culture, Murong said, “I’ll learn more about different handicrafts and introduce them to young people on social media.”
A．Ronghua is easy to make.
B．Murong Yi, a college student, is one of them.
C．She uses different materials to make her artworks.
D．Then, she had difficulty in choosing and buying materials.
E．One of them is in the shape of a golden phoenix（凤凰）.
F．She tried to learn from others but couldn’t find many online tutorial videos（视频教程）.
G．Without much experience, she had to try again and again.
三、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．Annie （invite）to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.
37．The new rules (pass) at the online meeting in May, and it may affect everyone a lot.
38．There are about ten kinds of animals on his farm, (include) two horses.
39．Our school bought some physics (instrument) last week.
40．The (nation) park lies near the Yellow River and it looks beautiful.
41．Emily has a (甜的) tooth. Let’s make some cookies for her.
42．All the money we’ve raised will go into our new science (项目).
43．For more information about our club, please visit our (网站).
44．The man is seen as one of the (先驱) of modern science.
45．We should stop the pet (交易) and never share photos and videos about them online.
四、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．汤姆今天早上上学迟到了。那是因为他的闹钟没有响。
Tom was late for school this morning. his alarm didn’t go off.
47．最后一个决心是关于怎样在学校里表现得更好。
The last resolution is about at school.
48．确定某些发明的发明者经常是很难的。
It is often difficult to the inventor of certain inventions.
49．篮球不仅已经成为一项人们喜欢玩的运动，它也已经成为一项人们喜欢观看的运动。
Basketball has become a popular sport to play, it has become a popular sport to watch.
50．这些明星鼓励年轻人努力工作去实现他们的梦想。
These stars young people to achieve their dreams.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。
letter, learn, he, become, pioneer, invite, blind, mention, interest, however
Do you know something about Braille(盲文) Braille is the most well-known language system used by 51 people all over the world.
It is named after Louis Braille, who is the 52 of improving the way blind people read books by following raised(凸起的) letters.
Louis Braille was born on January 4, 1809, in France. He lost 53 eyesight by accident when he was 3. Louis Braille went to a special school for the blind in Paris in 1821. It was there that he 54 to read, using raised letters. However, because the raised 55 were made of paper pressed against copper wire(铜钱), the students never learned to write.
Later the school 56 a soldier to give a talk to the students. The talk 57 a system called night writing that allowed soldiers to communicate silently, even in the dark.
Braille was 58 in the system. He realized it could be used among blind people, too. He set out to work on it and in 1824， he introduced the reading and writing system. In 1829, Braille wrote his first book explaining his system. 59 , it was only after his death that the reading and writing system caught attention and 60 the most popular way for the blind to read and write around the world.
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Every year, 12,000 to 14,000 e 61 happen around the world, killing tens of thousands of lives. So when scientists talk about monitoring（监测）earthquakes, every second counts. Recently, a new AI system d 62 by China is shortening the time it will take to detect（探测）earthquakes.
After an earthquake happens, most researchers can quickly release（发布）the time, p 63 , magnitude（震级）and depth of the earthquake. H 64 , they often don’t include the focal mechanism parameters（震源机制参数）, which can be used to predict（预测）the possible distribution（分布）of strong aftershocks（余震）.
“It t 65 three to 10 minutes for other countries to release the focal mechanism parameters, but by this time, the earthquake has fully happened and the h 66 has been done,” Zhu said. “This new system can p 67 the focal mechanism parameters in just one second and release the information before the aftershocks reach some areas.”
“If we are a 68 to receive the warning information three seconds earlier after an earthquake happens, we’ll be able to r 69 the wounded by 14 %. With 10 seconds earlier, the wounded can be reduced by 39%.” Zhu said.
This improvement is possible thanks to a deep learning method. The system is trained with millions of earthquake samples（样本）. It’s now t 70 in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces.
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
To help protect people against the novel coronavirus (新冠病毒), scientists have created vaccines (疫苗). These days, people who are between 3 and 59 can get vaccinated (接种疫苗). Here is something about vaccines.
There are many different ways to make vaccines. At least 115 different vaccines for the novel coronavirus are being developed around the world right now. Many of them may not work or may have influences that can be dangerous. That is why testing is very important.
Before a vaccine is ever tested on humans, it’s first tested on animals to make sure it seems safe. Testing the vaccine on humans is done in several different periods. In Period (阶段) 1, a small group of people are given small amounts (数量) of the vaccine to see if it has any bad influences. Period 2 still tests the vaccines safety, but it’s mainly a test to see if the vaccine seems to work. If Period 2 goes well, the vaccine can begin Period 3. During Period 3, the vaccine is tried on a much larger group of people to see how well it works.
The novel coronavirus is very serious and it influences the whole world. There is huge pressure to develop a working vaccine quickly. It normally takes seven or more years to develop a safe vaccine that works well. Luckily, this time, developing the vaccine against the novel coronavirus doesn’t need so long, scientists have created it.
Thanks to the scientists, we can get vaccinated so soon. All of us believe that we can overcome the novel coronavirus completely.
71．Who has created vaccines to help protect people against the novel coronavirus
72．Is testing important before using the vaccines
73．How many periods must be done to test the vaccine on humans according to the passage
74．How long does it normally take to develop a safe vaccine that works well
75．What is the passage mainly about
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．人工智能（AI）已经渗透到我们生活的方方面面。为了使同学们客观理性地看待AI，你班同学以“Should students use AI in their studies ”为题展开了辩论。请你根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，表达你自己的观点。
Pros (正方): I think students should use AI in their studies. AI offers timely help...
Cons (反方): I think using AI in our studies is not good. It stops students from thinking. And we will also be poor at dealing with problems on our own.
注意：1. 词数为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
4. 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Should Students Use AI in Their Studies
Does AI help students learn, or does it bring new problems Different people hold different opinions. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案及试题解析
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．A 13．A 14．C 15．C
【导语】本文主要讲述“新中国四大发明”：高铁，电子支付，共享单车和网上购物。
1．句意：近年来，新中国“四大发明”再次展示了中国改变世界的能力。
seemed似乎；appeared出现；looked看；showed展示。根据“China once again has…its ability to change the world”可知，此处是指中国再次展示能力。故选D。
2．句意：近年来，新中国“四大发明”再次展示了中国改变世界的能力。
Old老的；New新的；Big大的；High高的。根据后文“The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ are”可知，在古时候，中国有“四大发明”，最近几年，中国有了新的“四大发明”。故选B。
3．句意：你知道为什么新的发明能够出现在中国吗？
when什么时候；what什么；why为什么；where哪里。根据后文“The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ are…related to China’s hightech innovation (创新).”可知，此处是提问为什么新的发明能够出现在中国，后文给出了原因。故选C。
4．句意：“新四大发明”都与中国高科技创新有关。
all全部；both两者都；neither两者都不；none没有任何。根据“The “Four New Great Inventions” are…related to China’s hightech innovation (创新).”可知，此处是指新的四大发明全都与中国高科技创新有关。故选A。
5．句意：例如共享单车的运营模式基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。
All of a sudden突然间；As a result因此；In the end最后；For example例如。根据“…the operating mode (模式) of bike sharing…”可知，空处后的内容为举例共享单车来说明离不开科技创新。故选D。
6．句意：例如共享单车的运营模式基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。
in在……里面；on在……上；to到；from来自。根据“…the operating mode (模式) of bike sharing is based…the satellite navigation system”可知，此处为固定短语be based on“以……为基础”。故选B。
7．句意：这说明中国的高科技创新极大改善了人们的生活质量。
improved改善；finished结束；invented发明；wasted浪费。根据“This shows that China’s hightech innovation has greatly…the quality of people’s lives.”可知，中国的高科技创新改善了人们的生活质量。故选A。
8．句意：由于中国为鼓励创新投入了大量资金，中国已经进入了一个新的创新时代。
played扮演；taken拿；entered进入；wanted想要。根据“China has…a new innovative era (时代)”可知，此处是指进入新时代。故选C。
9．句意：由于中国为鼓励创新投入了大量资金，中国已经进入了一个新的创新时代。
people人；water水；electricity电；money钱。根据“…thanks to the large amount of…that China has spent on encouraging innovation.”可知，此处是指花钱，spent money。故选D。
10．句意：中国在某些方面开始引领创新。
try尝试；lead引领；win赢；value价值。根据“China is beginning to…in innovation in some ways.”可知，lead in“引领”，此处是指中国开始引领创新。故选B。
11．句意：“四大新发明”确实改善了顾客的体验。
surely确实；hardly几乎不；nearly几乎；badly糟糕地。根据“The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ have…improved the customers’ experiences”可知，“四大新发明”确实改善了顾客的体验。故选A。
12．句意：同时帮助发展了国家和全球经济。
develop发展；warn警示；mean意思是；live生活。根据“…and helped national and global (全球的) economy…at the same time”可知，高科技创新能发展经济。故选A。
13．句意：总体来说，全体中国人都为他们的“新四大发明”感到自豪。
proud自豪的；tired疲惫的；bored厌烦的；satisfied满意的 。根据“As a whole, all the Chinese are…of their ‘Four New Great Inventions’”可知，新的四大发明造福广大人民，人民为此感到自豪。故选A。
14．句意：越来越明显的是，中国正在创新，不再复制西方的理念。
helping帮助；increasing增长；copying复制；creating创造。根据“It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer…western ideas.”可知，中国正在自主创新，不再复制西方的理念。故选C。
15．句意：越来越多的外国人希望通过学习中国的创新来促进他们国家的经济增长。
afford支付；repeat重复；hope希望；wait等待。根据“More and more foreigners…to promote (促进) economic growth of their countries by learning from”可知，越来越多的外国人希望能学习中国的创新来促进自己国家的经济增长。故选C。
16．C 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文讲述了巴西工人Alfredo Moser发明了一种无需电力的白天照明方法。
16．细节理解题。根据“His wife says her husband has always been handy (手巧的) at home and made tables and chairs.”可知，Alfredo的妻子认为他心灵手巧，故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“The secret of the liquid in the bottles is the bleach added to water, which stops it turning green in the sunlight”可知，漂白剂可以防止水在阳光下变绿，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“It is predicted that his lighting system, which works using refraction (折射) of sunlight, will be fitted in over a million homes by the end of this year.”可知，Moser的瓶装灯是利用阳光折射来照明的，是一种绿色环保的发明，故选D。
19．词义猜测题。根据“The local supermarket and his neighbors, houses are utilizing Moser lights”可知，此处是指当地的超市和他邻居的房子都在使用Moser灯，所以utilizing意为“使用”，故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“It is predicted that his lighting system, which works using refraction (折射) of sunlight, will be fitted in over a million homes by the end of this year.”可知，Alfredo的灯将会越来越受欢迎，故选A。
21．D 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．D
【导语】本文节选自小说《海底两万里》，介绍了“鹦鹉螺号”潜艇是如何工作的以及它是如何建造的。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Captain Nemo could enter the dinghy from the Nautilus while it was underwater and go to the surface.”可知，“鹦鹉螺号”不仅可以在水上航行，还可以在水下航行。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第六段“I took all the parts to a desert island, and my workmen put them together.”只提到了工人把他们组装到一起，并没有提到具体有多少工人。故选C。
23．词句猜测题。根据上文对“鹦鹉螺号”的描述以及“It’s a wonderful ship!”可知，“我”应该是忽然大声而惊讶地说。故选B。
24．细节理解题。本文主要是介绍“鹦鹉螺号”。首先要组装“鹦鹉螺号”，②排在第一；然后尼摩艇长带“我”、尼德和康塞尔来到艇上，告诉我们他是怎么发电的，③①排在后面；听了尼摩艇长的解释，我们意识到这艘艇有多伟大，④排最后。故选D。
25．主旨大意题。本文主要是对“鹦鹉螺号”进行介绍，结合第一段“Captain Nemo was very proud of his collection and the ship—the Nautilus.”以及后面尼摩艇长的话，可知“鹦鹉螺号”是一艘伟大的艇，让尼摩艇长感到非常自豪。故选D。
26．D 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文介绍了计算机的发展过程。
26．细节理解题。根据“In 1941, he built the world’s first computer that was controlled by programs. It was used to do difficult math problems.”可知，世界上第一台由程序控制的计算机是用来做数学难题的。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“They called it ENLAC. It filled a huge room and weighed 30 tons, or about as heavy as 5 elephants.”可知，ENLAC重达30吨。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“In 1947, the transistor (晶体管) was invented. This make it possible to build a smaller computer.”可知，晶体管的发明使得制造更小的计算机成为可能。故选D。
29．词句猜测题。根据“Computers paved the way for the Internet,”可知，计算机与网络的关系，计算机为网络创造条件。故选C。
30．主旨大意题。根据“In 1941, he built the world’s first computer that was controlled by programs.”和“From 1937 to 1942, a teacher and a student from Iowa State University in the United States worked on a new computer.”和“In 1946, two inventors worked together and built an even bigger and better computer.”和“In 1947, the transistor (晶体管) was invented.”可知，本文主要介绍了计算机的历史。故选A。
31．B 32．F 33．D 34．G 35．E
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一位年轻姑娘对濒危的民间工艺绒花感兴趣，并为之努力的故事。
31．根据上一句“But now it keeps alive with more young people getting interested in it.”可知，现在，随着越来越多的年轻人对它感兴趣，它仍然存在。再根据空格后的“Murong faced challenges in learning this handicraft.”可知慕容在学习这门手艺时就面临着挑战。因此空格处应说其中有一位是大学生，就是慕容意。选项B“慕容意，一位大学生，就是其中之一。”符合语境。故选B。
32．根据下一句“Finally, she watched a TV program showing how to make velvet flowers in detail（细节）.”可知，最后，她看了一个电视节目，详细介绍了如何制作天鹅绒花。由此可知空格处应是说她尝试去学习，但遇到了问题。选项F“她尝试向别人学习，但在网上找不到教学视频。”符合语境。故选F。
33．根据下一句“However, it was difficult to buy these materials with fewer suppliers（供应商）at that time”可知，由于供应商较少，当时很难购买这些材料。由此可知空格处说的是她很难选择和购买材料。选项D“然后，她在选择和购买材料方面遇到了困难。”符合语境。故选D。
34．根据上一句“Another key step is to choose copper wires in the proper size and type.”和“The hardness（硬度）really does matter”可知，另一个关键步骤是选择合适尺寸和类型的铜线，铜线的硬度真的很重要。由此可知空格处说的是她不得不一次又一次地尝试。选项G“由于没有太多经验，她不得不一次又一次地尝试。”符合语境。故选G。
35．根据上一句“Murong has made many beautiful artworks.”可知，慕容制作了许多漂亮的艺术品。可知空格处说的是其中的一个作品。选项E“其中一个就是一只金凤凰的形状。”符合语境。故选E。
36．was invited
【解析】句意：安妮被邀请参加了派对。她和我们一起玩得很开心。
考查被动语态和时态。invite 意为 “邀请”，是及物动词。句中主语 “Annie” 与 “invite” 之间是被动关系，即安妮被邀请，因此要用被动语态，其结构为 “be + 过去分词”；根据后句 “She had a wonderful time with us.” 中 “had” 可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语 “Annie” 是第三人称单数，所以 be 动词用 was，invite 的过去分词是 invited。故填 was invited。
37．were passed
【解析】句意：新规定是在5月份的在线会议上通过的，它可能会对每个人产生很大影响。句子主语是“The new rules”，与动词之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，结合语境可知，此处指的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动，主语是复数名词，be动词用were，故填were passed。
38．including
【解析】句意：他的农场里大约有十种动物，包括两匹马。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为“are”，因此这里应用介词短语作状语；应将include改为其介词形式including“包括”，符合语境。故填including。
39．instruments
【解析】句意：我们学校上周买了一些物理仪器。instrument“器械，仪器”，名词；由“some”可知，名词要用复数形式。故填 instruments。
40．national
【解析】句意：国家公园位于黄河畔，看起来很漂亮。national“国家的”，形容词作定语。故填national。
41．sweet
【解析】句意：艾米丽爱吃甜食。我们给她做些饼干吧。sweet“甜的”，形容词。故填sweet。
42．project/projects
【解析】句意：我们筹集的所有钱都将用于我们的新科学项目。project表示“项目、计划”，此处用单数/复数皆可。故填project/projects。
43．website
【解析】句意：关于我们俱乐部的更多信息，请访问我们的网站。“网站”的英文表达是website，名词，此处指某个俱乐部的网站，表示单数意义。故填website。
44．pioneers
【解析】句意：这个人被认为是现代科学的先驱之一。“先驱”的英文表达是pioneer，名词，结合“one of+可数名词复数形式”结构可知，空处应填pioneer的复数形式，故填pioneers。
45．trade
【解析】句意：我们应该停止宠物交易，不要在网上分享有关它们的照片和视频。表达“交易”用trade，此处特指宠物交易，用名词单数形式。故填trade。
46．That was because
【解析】“那是因为”常用句型为“That is because”，用于说明前面情况的原因，根据“Tom was late for school”可知，此处是一把过去时。故填 That was because。
47．how to do better
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“怎样表现得更好”，可用“疑问词+不定式”结构，how“怎样，如何”；do“做，表现”；better“更好”。故填how；to；do；better。
48．decide on
【解析】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“确定”的翻译，英文表达为decide on，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填decide；on。
49．not only but also
【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“不仅……而且”；not only…but also“不仅……而且”，固定词组。故填not；only；but；also。
50．encourage to work hard
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子应使用短语encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”和work hard“努力工作”；此处表示现在所存在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语These stars表示复数，所以谓语动词encourage保持原形；动词work位于动词不定式符号to之后，所以work保持原形。故填encourage；to；work；hard。
51．blind 52．pioneer 53．his 54．learned/learnt 55．letters 56．invited 57．mentioned 58．interested 59．However 60．became
【导语】本文主要介绍盲文系统以及发明者路易斯·布莱叶。
51．句意：盲文是全世界盲人使用的最著名的语言系统。根据“Braille is the most well-known language system used by...people all over the world.”可知，盲文是全世界盲人使用的，blind“盲的”，作定语修饰people，故填blind。
52．句意：它是以路易斯·布莱叶的名字命名的，他是通过跟随凸起的字母来改善盲人阅读方式的先驱。根据“It is named after Louis Braille, who is the...of improving the way blind people read books by following raised(凸起的) letters.”可知，他是通过跟随凸起的字母来改善盲人阅读方式的先驱，pioneer“先驱”符合语境，故填pioneer。
53．句意：他三岁时意外失明。根据“He lost...eyesight by accident when he was 3.”可知，他三岁时意外失明，用his作定语，故填his。
54．句意：在那里，他学会了用凸起的字母阅读。根据“It was there that he...to read, using raised letters.”可知，学会了用凸起的字母阅读，learn“学习”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填learned/learnt。
55．句意：然而，由于凸起的字母是由压在铜线上的纸做成的，学生们从来没有学会写字。根据“because the raised...were made of paper pressed against copper wire(铜钱), the students never learned to write”可知，凸起的字母是由压在铜线上的纸做成的，letter“字母”，结合“were”可知，应使用名词复数形式，故填letters。
56．句意：后来学校邀请了一名士兵给学生们做讲座。根据“Later the school...a soldier to give a talk to the students.”可知，学校邀请了一名士兵给学生们做讲座，invite“邀请”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填invited。
57．句意：谈话中提到了一种叫做夜间书写的系统，它可以让士兵们在黑暗中无声地交流。根据“The talk...a system called night writing that allowed soldiers to communicate silently, even in the dark.”可知，谈话中提到了一种叫做夜间书写的系统，mention“提到”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填mentioned。
58．句意：布莱叶对这个系统很感兴趣。根据“Braille was...in the system.”可知，布莱叶对这个系统很感兴趣，be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。
59．句意：然而，直到他死后，读写系统才引起了人们的注意，并成为世界各地盲人阅读和写作的最流行的方式。分析前后两句，构成转折关系，用However连接，故填However。
60．句意：然而，直到他死后，读写系统才引起了人们的注意，并成为世界各地盲人阅读和写作的最流行的方式。根据“writing system caught attention and...the most popular way for the blind to read and write around the world”可知，读写系统成为世界各地盲人阅读和写作的最流行的方式，become“成为”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填became。
61．(e)arthquakes 62．(d)eveloped 63．(p)laces 64．(H)owever 65．(t)akes 66．(h)arm 67．(p)rovide 68．(a)ble 69．(r)educe 70．(t)ested
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国研发的新型地震探测系统的用途。
61．句意：每年，全球要发生1万2千到1万4千场地震，夺去数万条生命。根据下文“So when scientists talk about monitoring（监测）earthquakes, every second counts.”可知，当科学家们谈到地震监测时，每一秒种都尤为重要。可知，本文谈论的是“地震”earthquake，首字母为e，基数词后接其复数形式earthquakes。故填(e)arthquakes。
62．句意：最近，中国研发的一个新型的智能系统正在缩短探测地震的时间。根据空格前的“a new AI system”可知此处指中国“研发”的地震监测系统，根据“by”可知此处应用动词的过去分词来表示被动，首字母为d，“研发”是动词develop，其过去分词为developed。故填(d)eveloped。
63．句意：地震发生后，大多数研究人员可以迅速发布时间、地点、震级以及地震的深度。根据“time”可知此处指地震后探测的时间、地点、震级以及地震的深度，首字母为p，“地点”是名词place，此处应用其复数形式places。故填(p)laces。
64．句意：然而，它们通常不包括震源机制参数，这个参数可以用来预测强烈余震可能分布的区域。根据“they often don’t include the focal mechanism parameters（震源机制参数）”可知，它们通常不包括震源机制参数，这表示转折，首字母为H，此处应填副词however“然而”，首字母大写。故填(H)owever。
65．句意：朱说：“其他国家需要3到10分钟才能发布震源机制参数，但此时，地震已经完全发生，危害已经造成。”根据空格后的“three to 10 minutes”可知此处表示其他国家发布震源机制参数需要花费的时间，首字母为t，“花费”用动词take，主语it为第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，因此此处应填动词take的三单形式takes。故填(t)akes。
66．句意：朱说：“其他国家需要3到10分钟才能发布震源机制参数，但此时，地震已经完全发生，危害已经造成。”根据空格后的“has been done”可知主语应是单数意义，可以是不可数名词或可数名词的单数形式。根据“the earthquake has fully happened”可知地震发生会造成危害。“危害”应用名词harm，首字母为h。故填(h)arm。
67．句意：这个新系统可以在一秒钟内提供震源机制参数，并在余震到达某些地区之前发布信息。情态动词can后加动词原形。根据上文“they often don’t include the focal mechanism parameters（震源机制参数）”可知之前的系统没有提供震源机制参数，因此新系统能够提供这个参数。“提供”是动词provide。故填(p)rovide。
68．句意：如果我们能够在地震发生后提前三秒钟收到预警信息，我们将能够减少14%的伤员。提前10秒，伤员可以减少39%。”朱说。根据“we’ll be able to”可知此处表示如果我们能够提前收到预警信息，就可以减少伤员数量。be able to do表示“能够做某事”，首字母为a，因此此处应用形容词able。故填(a)ble。
69．句意：句意：如果我们能够在地震发生后提前三秒钟收到预警信息，我们将能够减少14%的伤员。提前10秒，伤员可以减少39%。”朱说。根据“With 10 seconds earlier, the wounded can be reduced by 39%.”可知，如果预警信息提前10秒公布，伤员就可以减少39%，因此此处也是指伤员的减少，“减少”用动词reduce，首字母为r。be able to do sth表示“能够做某事”，因此此处应填动词原形reduce。故填(r)educe。
70．句意：目前，这个系统在云南省和四川省进行测试。根据“is”可知后接动词的非谓语结构，结合语境，可知这个系统正在进行测试，首字母为t，“测试”用动词test，此处应用被动语态，因此应用test的过去分词tested。故填(t)ested。
71．Scientists. 72．Yes, it is./Yes. 73．Three./3. 74．It normally takes seven or more years. 75．It’s mainly about vaccines./Vaccines.
【导语】本文主要介绍了新冠病毒疫苗的情况，详细地介绍了疫苗的发明过程。
71．根据“To help protect people against the novel coronavirus (新冠病毒), scientists have created vaccines (疫苗).”可知科学家发明了疫苗帮助人们抗击新冠病毒。故填Scientists.
72．根据“Many of them may not work or may have influences that can be dangerous. That is why testing is very important.”可知在使用疫苗之前，试验是非常重要的。故填Yes, it is./Yes.
73．根据“In Period (阶段) 1…Period 2 still tests…During Period 3…”可知需试验三个阶段。故填Three./3.
74．根据“It normally takes seven or more years to develop a safe vaccine that works well.”可知研发一种安全的疫苗通常需要七年或更长时间。故填 It normally takes seven or more years.
75．阅读文章内容可知主要介绍了疫苗。故填It’s mainly about vaccines./Vaccines.
76．例文1：
Should Students Use AI in Their Studies
Does AI help students learn, or does it bring new problems Different people hold different opinions. In my opinion, students should use AI in their studies. It is a useful helper for students.
First of all, AI can be a good teacher when students are at home. It offers help like a real teacher, which helps students solve problems in time. Besides, AI helps to open their minds. When students meet a difficult maths problem, AI can provide them with more than one way to solve it. They can learn more ways of solving problems with the help of AI. What’s more, AI helps to find information more quickly. It makes learning more effective.
In a word, I think students should use AI in their studies. It not only helps them open their minds but also makes learning more effective.例文2：
Should Students Use AI in Their Studies
Does AI help students learn, or does it bring new problems Different people hold different opinions. From my point of view, I think students shouldn’t use AI in their studies. It’s not good for students’ growth.
Firstly, AI tells students the answers right away. It stops them from thinking by themselves. Slowly, students will be poor at thinking on their own. Also, if they always turn to AI for help, they may lose the skill to solve problems by themselves. It can do much harm to their further development. Last but not least, using AI means that students should spend much time in front of screens. It is bad for their eyes.
All in all, I believe that it is wiser to avoid using AI in studies. Students should think by themselves and solve problems through their own hard work.
【解析】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为 “一般现在时”；
③ 提示：围绕自己提出的观点完整全面论证，有理有据，条理清晰。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点明文章主旨，阐明自己的观点立场；
第二步，具体论证自己的观点；
第三步，总结全文，升华观点。
[亮点词汇]
①in one’s opinion 在某人看来
②first of all 首先
③on one’s own 独自地
④do much harm to... 对……非常有害
[高分句型]
①AI can be a good teacher when students are at home. (when引导时间状语从句)
②Also, if they always turn to AI for help, they may lose the skill to solve problems by themselves. (if引导条件状语从句)
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