2026届高考英语二轮复习：词性及句子成分 课件(共28张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习：词性及句子成分 课件(共28张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-21 01:53:42 | ||
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(共28张PPT)
词性及句子
The crucial Chinese traditional festival The Mid-autumn Festival will falls on September 17, which we are looking forward to.
crucial
autumn
festival
falls
September
look
词性分类
句子成分
目
录
CONTENTS
2
1
简单句
3
词性分类
1
词类 作 用 例 词
1.名词（n.） 人或事物的名称。
2.代词 (pron.） 代替名词、数词等。
3.形容词(adj) 人或事物的特征或性状。
4.数词(num.） 数目或顺序。
5.动词（v.） 动作或状态。
6.副词（adv.） 动作的特征或性状特征。
7.介词(prep.） 名、代和其他词之间的关系。
8.连词（conj.） 连接词与词或句与句的作用。
9.感叹 (interj.） 表示强烈的感情
10.冠词（art.） 用来限制名词的意义
student, book, dancing, painting
he, him, his, himself
clever, stupid
one, first
be, read, sing, dance, paint
cleverly, stupidly
at, for, on, in, to
and, or, because, so
oh, wow
a, an, the
句子成分
2
定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和修饰成分；
主要成分：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、
修饰成分：定语、状语、补足语、同位语
Members of sentences 句子成分
主语——放句首
我是一家之主，我做主语。
主语
句子所叙述的主体，说明动作是“谁、什么”发出的，一般位于句首。
I am the head of the family.
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
Members of sentences 句子成分
谓语——动词，主语后
没有我就没有家，我是最重要的谓语动词。
谓语动词
说明主语的动作、状态和特征，一般由V.充当，英语句子的灵魂
I saw the flag on the top of the hill.
He can speak English well.
She doesn’t trust her sister.
We are Chinese.
实义动词或动词短语
情态动词 + 动词原形
助动词 +动词原形
系动词（妆感正持续变好）
I have a best friend. Her name is Jenny. We look after each other. But she doesn’t like talking too much. She can keep quiet for a whole day.
单个实义动词
系动词
动词短语
助动词+动词原型
情态动词+动词原型
宾语——及物动词或介词后
我叫宾语。我是妈妈生的，所以老跟在妈妈后面。
宾语
Members of sentences 句子成分
动作的对象或承受者
She didn’t say anything.
I enjoy dancing/painting.
I live in the dormitory.
She gives us some bread. = She gives some bread to us.
enjoy 及物动词 + 宾语
live 不及物动词 + 介词 + 宾语
双宾语——间人（直宾物，间宾人）
Members of sentences 句子成分
表语——系动词后
在家里爸爸是主语，但是有的时候还是要听爷爷的。
表语
说明主语的身份，特征和状态。
I was a senior one student last year.
The song sounds great.
Your choice proves to be right.
You should keep silent in public.
She became a teacher.
They seems to know the answer.
状态：be
感官：look, sound, smell，taste, feel…
证明：prove
持续：keep, remain, stay…
变化：become, grow, turn, get
好像：seem, appear
Members of sentences 句子成分
宾语补足语: object complment
妈妈忙不过来了，所以就请了位奶奶专门照看我，给家里补充个帮手,奶奶就叫宾补。
宾补
对宾语身份和状态补充说明，使句子的意义完整。常见于固定搭配中
She asked the baby to stop crying.
谓语
宾语
宾语补足语
commit oneself to doing
ask sb. to do
see sb doing
Members of sentences 句子成分
定语（名词/代词前后） “…的”
修饰或限制名词或代词，分前置定语（词）和后置定语（词组或句子）。
My father bought a nice red car.
主语
谓语
宾语
定语
She is a patriotic athlete.
The girl reading a book is his sister.
Do you know the man who jumped so high just now
形容词——前置定语
词组——后置定语
从句——后置定语
Members of sentences 句子成分
状语
对动作或句子进行修饰说明，包括让步、伴随、条件、目的、比较、结果、程度、原因等
We have English class everyday.
Our paintings will be presented on the gallery.
He always sleeps in the class because he stays up everyday.
时间状语
美术馆/画廊 地点状语
原因、时间状语
Members of sentences 句子成分
同位语
进一步解释名词、代词。同指一人，同指一物/事
This is my favorite actor, Zhang Wanyi.
The news that Sun and Wang won the Olympics made the nation excited.
同位语从句，that在从句中不作成分，只起连接词作用
Let's sum up 总结八大句子成分
主语
谓语
宾补
宾语
表语
定语
状语
同位语
英语的句子结构
简单句
并列句
复合句
几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来:
简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
只包含一个主谓结构，
句子中有一个或一个以上的从句，构成主从复合句:
主句＋连词＋从句
简单句：一个主谓结构
3
1. Class begins.
2. We will learn sentence patterns.
3. We call our English teacher Miss Luo.
4. We should show respect to each other.
6. Class is over.
7. There are 50 students in our class.
8. It’s important (for us) to learn English well.
It’s kind (of you) to help me learn English.
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
谓语
直宾
间宾
宾语补足语
主语
系动词
表语
There be 句型
It’s + adj. + to do
it作形式主语，真正主语为to do不定式
adj表事物性质用for，表人物品质用of
1. 主语 + 谓语（不及物动词，无被动）
他们努力学习。
潘展乐游泳很快。
太阳从东边升起。
They study hard.
Pan Zhanle swims fast.
The sun rises from the east.
2. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
他们努力学习英语。
这个小男孩喜欢打游戏。
放学后Tom和他的同学们在操场上打篮球。
They study English hard.
This little boy likes playing games.
Tom plays basketball with his classmates on the playground after school.
3. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语+宾语补足语
这个坏消息让我很很碎。
我发现这部电视剧很有趣。
Amy看见了小女孩犯错。
This bad news made me heartbroken.
I find this TV play interesting.
Amy saw the little girl committing a mistake.
4. 主语 + 谓语 + 直宾+间宾
这个展览将会给我们带来很多好处【bring sth. to sb.】。
妈妈上周给我买了一辆漂亮的红色轿车。
每天晚上在去睡觉前他都给他的儿子讲一个故事。
This exhibition will bring lots of benefits to us.
My mother bought a nice red car for me last week.
He tells his son a story before going to bed every night.
5. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语（系动词无被动）
这部电视剧很令人感动。
我感到很感动。
这个方法证明很有效。
Jennifer似乎知道真相。
听说Vae将会来南昌开演唱会，我变得十分激动。
The TV play is moving.
I feel moved.
This method proves to be effective.
Jennifer seems to know the truth.
Hearing that Vae will hold a concert in NC, I became excited.
6. There be
很久很久以前，山上有一座庙【temple】
学校里有学生种的各种各样的蔬菜。
Once upon a time, there was a temple on the top of the hill.
There are various vegetables planted by students in school.
7. It is + adj. + to do sth.
参加这个讲座很有益。
我们保持教室整洁很重要。
和负责任的队友合作【cooperate】很有必要。
It is beneficial to attend this lecture.
It is crucial / vital for us to keep the classroom clean / tidy.
It is necessary to cooperate with responsible teammates.
Homework: 造句法则——主动宾方地时
校运会将于9月21日上午九点开始。（主谓）
开幕式【opening ceremony】将于周日上午在我们学校操场举行。（主谓）
运动员们【 athletes】看起来精力充沛。（主系表）
你将会在这里度过一个愉快的假期。（主谓宾）
这个活动可以给你一个实现目标【achieve one’s objectives】的机会。（主谓双宾）
我想让你加入我们学校的乒乓球【table tennis】队。（主谓宾宾补
做运动对我们的健康有益。（It is + adj. for sb. to do sth.)
体育馆【gym】里有很多体育器材【sports equipment】供你选择。（there be）
Homework: 造句法则——主动宾方地时
他的爸爸在我们学校附近的一家银行工作。【主谓】
我们很开心能参加这个讲座。【主系表】
他变得又高又壮。【主系表】
在周末我经常和我的父母去购物。【主谓宾宾补】
中国有很多传统节日。【there be】
刚才他给了我一份科学报告。【主谓双宾】
在课堂上睡觉是不礼貌的。【It is + adj. to do sth.】
老师希望所有学生每天都能取得进步。【主谓宾】
His father works in a bank near our school.
We are delighted to attend this lecture.
He becomes tall and strong.
I often go shopping with my parents on the weekend.
There are many traditional festivals in China.
He gave me a scientific report just now.
It is impolite to sleep in the class.
Teacher hopes that all students can make progress day by day.
The sport meeting will begin at 9:00 a.m. on September 21st.
The opening ceremony will be held on our playground on Sunday morning.
The athletes look energetic.
You will have a nice holiday here.
This activity will give you an opportunity to achieve your objectives.
I want you to join our school’s table tennis team.
It is useful for our health to do exercise.
There are many sports equipment for you to choose in the gym / stadium.
词性及句子
The crucial Chinese traditional festival The Mid-autumn Festival will falls on September 17, which we are looking forward to.
crucial
autumn
festival
falls
September
look
词性分类
句子成分
目
录
CONTENTS
2
1
简单句
3
词性分类
1
词类 作 用 例 词
1.名词（n.） 人或事物的名称。
2.代词 (pron.） 代替名词、数词等。
3.形容词(adj) 人或事物的特征或性状。
4.数词(num.） 数目或顺序。
5.动词（v.） 动作或状态。
6.副词（adv.） 动作的特征或性状特征。
7.介词(prep.） 名、代和其他词之间的关系。
8.连词（conj.） 连接词与词或句与句的作用。
9.感叹 (interj.） 表示强烈的感情
10.冠词（art.） 用来限制名词的意义
student, book, dancing, painting
he, him, his, himself
clever, stupid
one, first
be, read, sing, dance, paint
cleverly, stupidly
at, for, on, in, to
and, or, because, so
oh, wow
a, an, the
句子成分
2
定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和修饰成分；
主要成分：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、
修饰成分：定语、状语、补足语、同位语
Members of sentences 句子成分
主语——放句首
我是一家之主，我做主语。
主语
句子所叙述的主体，说明动作是“谁、什么”发出的，一般位于句首。
I am the head of the family.
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
Members of sentences 句子成分
谓语——动词，主语后
没有我就没有家，我是最重要的谓语动词。
谓语动词
说明主语的动作、状态和特征，一般由V.充当，英语句子的灵魂
I saw the flag on the top of the hill.
He can speak English well.
She doesn’t trust her sister.
We are Chinese.
实义动词或动词短语
情态动词 + 动词原形
助动词 +动词原形
系动词（妆感正持续变好）
I have a best friend. Her name is Jenny. We look after each other. But she doesn’t like talking too much. She can keep quiet for a whole day.
单个实义动词
系动词
动词短语
助动词+动词原型
情态动词+动词原型
宾语——及物动词或介词后
我叫宾语。我是妈妈生的，所以老跟在妈妈后面。
宾语
Members of sentences 句子成分
动作的对象或承受者
She didn’t say anything.
I enjoy dancing/painting.
I live in the dormitory.
She gives us some bread. = She gives some bread to us.
enjoy 及物动词 + 宾语
live 不及物动词 + 介词 + 宾语
双宾语——间人（直宾物，间宾人）
Members of sentences 句子成分
表语——系动词后
在家里爸爸是主语，但是有的时候还是要听爷爷的。
表语
说明主语的身份，特征和状态。
I was a senior one student last year.
The song sounds great.
Your choice proves to be right.
You should keep silent in public.
She became a teacher.
They seems to know the answer.
状态：be
感官：look, sound, smell，taste, feel…
证明：prove
持续：keep, remain, stay…
变化：become, grow, turn, get
好像：seem, appear
Members of sentences 句子成分
宾语补足语: object complment
妈妈忙不过来了，所以就请了位奶奶专门照看我，给家里补充个帮手,奶奶就叫宾补。
宾补
对宾语身份和状态补充说明，使句子的意义完整。常见于固定搭配中
She asked the baby to stop crying.
谓语
宾语
宾语补足语
commit oneself to doing
ask sb. to do
see sb doing
Members of sentences 句子成分
定语（名词/代词前后） “…的”
修饰或限制名词或代词，分前置定语（词）和后置定语（词组或句子）。
My father bought a nice red car.
主语
谓语
宾语
定语
She is a patriotic athlete.
The girl reading a book is his sister.
Do you know the man who jumped so high just now
形容词——前置定语
词组——后置定语
从句——后置定语
Members of sentences 句子成分
状语
对动作或句子进行修饰说明，包括让步、伴随、条件、目的、比较、结果、程度、原因等
We have English class everyday.
Our paintings will be presented on the gallery.
He always sleeps in the class because he stays up everyday.
时间状语
美术馆/画廊 地点状语
原因、时间状语
Members of sentences 句子成分
同位语
进一步解释名词、代词。同指一人，同指一物/事
This is my favorite actor, Zhang Wanyi.
The news that Sun and Wang won the Olympics made the nation excited.
同位语从句，that在从句中不作成分，只起连接词作用
Let's sum up 总结八大句子成分
主语
谓语
宾补
宾语
表语
定语
状语
同位语
英语的句子结构
简单句
并列句
复合句
几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来:
简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
只包含一个主谓结构，
句子中有一个或一个以上的从句，构成主从复合句:
主句＋连词＋从句
简单句：一个主谓结构
3
1. Class begins.
2. We will learn sentence patterns.
3. We call our English teacher Miss Luo.
4. We should show respect to each other.
6. Class is over.
7. There are 50 students in our class.
8. It’s important (for us) to learn English well.
It’s kind (of you) to help me learn English.
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
谓语
直宾
间宾
宾语补足语
主语
系动词
表语
There be 句型
It’s + adj. + to do
it作形式主语，真正主语为to do不定式
adj表事物性质用for，表人物品质用of
1. 主语 + 谓语（不及物动词，无被动）
他们努力学习。
潘展乐游泳很快。
太阳从东边升起。
They study hard.
Pan Zhanle swims fast.
The sun rises from the east.
2. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
他们努力学习英语。
这个小男孩喜欢打游戏。
放学后Tom和他的同学们在操场上打篮球。
They study English hard.
This little boy likes playing games.
Tom plays basketball with his classmates on the playground after school.
3. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语+宾语补足语
这个坏消息让我很很碎。
我发现这部电视剧很有趣。
Amy看见了小女孩犯错。
This bad news made me heartbroken.
I find this TV play interesting.
Amy saw the little girl committing a mistake.
4. 主语 + 谓语 + 直宾+间宾
这个展览将会给我们带来很多好处【bring sth. to sb.】。
妈妈上周给我买了一辆漂亮的红色轿车。
每天晚上在去睡觉前他都给他的儿子讲一个故事。
This exhibition will bring lots of benefits to us.
My mother bought a nice red car for me last week.
He tells his son a story before going to bed every night.
5. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语（系动词无被动）
这部电视剧很令人感动。
我感到很感动。
这个方法证明很有效。
Jennifer似乎知道真相。
听说Vae将会来南昌开演唱会，我变得十分激动。
The TV play is moving.
I feel moved.
This method proves to be effective.
Jennifer seems to know the truth.
Hearing that Vae will hold a concert in NC, I became excited.
6. There be
很久很久以前，山上有一座庙【temple】
学校里有学生种的各种各样的蔬菜。
Once upon a time, there was a temple on the top of the hill.
There are various vegetables planted by students in school.
7. It is + adj. + to do sth.
参加这个讲座很有益。
我们保持教室整洁很重要。
和负责任的队友合作【cooperate】很有必要。
It is beneficial to attend this lecture.
It is crucial / vital for us to keep the classroom clean / tidy.
It is necessary to cooperate with responsible teammates.
Homework: 造句法则——主动宾方地时
校运会将于9月21日上午九点开始。（主谓）
开幕式【opening ceremony】将于周日上午在我们学校操场举行。（主谓）
运动员们【 athletes】看起来精力充沛。（主系表）
你将会在这里度过一个愉快的假期。（主谓宾）
这个活动可以给你一个实现目标【achieve one’s objectives】的机会。（主谓双宾）
我想让你加入我们学校的乒乓球【table tennis】队。（主谓宾宾补
做运动对我们的健康有益。（It is + adj. for sb. to do sth.)
体育馆【gym】里有很多体育器材【sports equipment】供你选择。（there be）
Homework: 造句法则——主动宾方地时
他的爸爸在我们学校附近的一家银行工作。【主谓】
我们很开心能参加这个讲座。【主系表】
他变得又高又壮。【主系表】
在周末我经常和我的父母去购物。【主谓宾宾补】
中国有很多传统节日。【there be】
刚才他给了我一份科学报告。【主谓双宾】
在课堂上睡觉是不礼貌的。【It is + adj. to do sth.】
老师希望所有学生每天都能取得进步。【主谓宾】
His father works in a bank near our school.
We are delighted to attend this lecture.
He becomes tall and strong.
I often go shopping with my parents on the weekend.
There are many traditional festivals in China.
He gave me a scientific report just now.
It is impolite to sleep in the class.
Teacher hopes that all students can make progress day by day.
The sport meeting will begin at 9:00 a.m. on September 21st.
The opening ceremony will be held on our playground on Sunday morning.
The athletes look energetic.
You will have a nice holiday here.
This activity will give you an opportunity to achieve your objectives.
I want you to join our school’s table tennis team.
It is useful for our health to do exercise.
There are many sports equipment for you to choose in the gym / stadium.