Unit 1 Looking forwards Understanding ideas 课件(共21张PPT)-外研版(2019)选择性必修第四册
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Looking forwards Understanding ideas 课件(共21张PPT)-外研版(2019)选择性必修第四册 |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 128.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-21 02:35:35 | ||
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文档简介
(共21张PPT)
B7U1
Understanding ideas
language points
For many of us, it’s something we already have experienced. One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives – the future. Will we get into the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years’ time Can we become the person we really want to be In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart. Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways. The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write. On leaving high school, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing.
In his words, “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.” Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep-sea fishing, amongst others. His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. 4 5 6 By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor. But Doyle’s main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels. Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day. Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing.
He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works. The public, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes. In desperation, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead. Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century. Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned. So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said, “You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.
对我们许多人而言，这样的经历或许并不陌生：前一刻还舒舒服服地躺在床上，即将坠入沉沉梦乡；下一刻却猛然睁眼，思绪纷飞，甚至开始忧虑人生中或许最为重要的问题 —— 未来。我们能考上心仪的学校吗？十年后自己会在做什么？我们能活成真正想成为的样子吗？ 面对这些问题，我们该如何看待未来？是该主动行动去塑造它，还是被动接受命运的安排？正如我们许多人所知，即便为未来制定了详尽计划，也无法保证它们终将实现。从这一点来看，有些人或许比另一些人更 “幸运”，我们可以通过对比两位出生时间相差 40 年的著名作家的人生，来清晰地看到这一点。尽管两人都对生活抱有雄心壮志，充满活力，但他们的职业生涯却走向了截然不同的方向。 美国作家欧内斯特 海明威生于 1899 年，从少年时期起，他就一心立志成为作家。高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯州一家地方报社，成为一名实习记者。后来，他又担任了《多伦多星报》的驻外记者，并将自己在欧洲、以及后来在古巴的非凡经历融入创作之中。 他曾说：“我决定，每了解一件事，就围绕它写一个故事。” 确立了这个目标后，他以自己的亲身经历为蓝本创作小说和短篇故事，题材涵盖第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛、深海捕鱼等多个领域。他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔夫与一条前所未见的大鱼展开三天史诗般搏斗的故事，这部作品于 1953 年斩获普利策小说奖，后来他还获得了诺贝尔文学奖。 与之形成鲜明对比的是，1859 年出生于苏格兰的年轻作家阿瑟 柯南 道尔，最初的职业是医生。但柯南 道尔最大的志向是成为一名历史小说作家。尽管他的部分历史小说得以出版，但其反响与他创作的虚构侦探角色 “夏洛克 福尔摩斯” 的故事相比，简直不值一提 —— 如今，“福尔摩斯” 仍是他最广为人知的作品标签。有趣的是，柯南 道尔早期的一些福尔摩斯故事，是他在伦敦行医时，趁等待病人的间隙写成的。 随着 “夏洛克 福尔摩斯” 让他声名鹊起、家喻户晓，柯南 道尔放弃了行医，全身心投入写作。但他始终渴望自己的历史小说及其他学术著作能获得认可。然而，公众对夏洛克 福尔摩斯的喜爱却一发不可收拾。无奈之下，柯南 道尔在 1893 年出版的一部小说中让这位著名侦探 “死亡”，只为能专注于自己眼中 “更严肃” 的写作。但福尔摩斯的粉丝们愤怒不已，在巨大的压力下，柯南 道尔不得不让福尔摩斯 “起死回生”。如今，柯南 道尔创作的众多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文大多已被人遗忘，而夏洛克 福尔摩斯的故事却已风靡读者逾一个世纪。 尽管这两位作家最终都取得了成功，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来也并未完全按照自己最初的计划展开。所以，无论你未来可能遭遇怎样的波折与变故，不妨借鉴这两位作家的人生经验，对未知做好准备。正如著名科技创新者史蒂夫 乔布斯曾说过的：“你无法在展望未来时串联起生命的点滴，只有在回顾过去时才能看清它们之间的联系。所以你必须相信，这些点滴终将在未来以某种方式串联起来。”
Smart expressions – Para. 1
正要做
陷入深度睡眠
想弄明白
进入我理想中的学校
面对……
我们应该如何对待未来
采取措施
意外落在……头上
be about to do
fall into a deep sleep
wonder about
get into the school of my choice
be admitted to/into
in the face of
How should we approach the future
take action [U] to do / take measures to do
come one’s way
= faced with/facing
= when/if we face…
= deal with/tackle/handle
Can you make a sentence with the three expressions: wonder about, in the face of and take action
In the face of life’s uncertainties, it’s natural to wonder about what lies ahead, but true progress comes when we choose to take action rather than linger in doubt.
Paragraph 2
…, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.
为未来制定计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。
in place
in the correct position; ready for sth.
准备妥当；在正确位置
引导同位语从句
Smart expressions – Para. 2
正如我们许多人已经知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。
在这方面
通过……阐明、体现
虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但是他们的职业生涯发展却截然不同。
As many of us already know, having plans ________ (恰当的) for the future is no guarantee ____ they will become reality.
in this respect / with respect to this
be illustrated by
Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in ________ (极不相同的) ways.
in place
that
contrasting
respective adj. 分别的
引导同位语从句
Smart expressions – Para. 3 & 4
从小时候开始
一心一意做……
高中一毕业
实习记者
外国记者
用不寻常的经历影响写作
深海捕鱼
为期三天艰难漫长的斗争
相比之下
A与B无法相比
到今天
from early boyhood
be single-minded in (doing)
on leaving high school
a trainee reporter
a foreign correspondent
use extraordinary experiences to inform his writing
deep-sea fishing
the three-day epic struggle between…
by contrast
A be nothing compared to B
to this day
(formal) to have an influence on sth
be fully dedicated to (doing) sth
Smart expressions – Para. 5
在他行诊期间
让他成为家喻户晓的名字
渴望（做…… ）
百看不厌
绝望中
杀光；消灭
在巨大的压力下
被迫做……
起死回生
一个多世纪以来
in his medical practice
make him a household name
long to (do sth.)
can’t get enough of
in desperation
kill off
under immense pressure
be forced to do
bring… back from the dead/back to life
for well over a century
= desperately
Smart expressions – Para. 6
一个人的成功之路
结果正如他们所计划的那样
遇到一波三折
借鉴某人的经验
为意料之外的事情做好准备
有名的；受尊敬的
one’s path to success
turn out exactly as they planned
encounter twists and turns
take a leaf out of/from one’s book
to copy the way someone else behaves because you want to be like them or be as successful as they are (a metaphor)
be prepared for the unexpected
renowned /r 'na nd/
Blank-filling
What _____ we _________ (do) in ten years’ time
As many of us already know, having plans ______ place for the future is no guarantee ________ they will become reality.
In this respect, some people are _______________ (fortunate) than others, _____ can be illustrated by __________ (compare) the lives of two famous writers, born 40 years ________.
__________ (set) himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories ________ (base) on his personal experiences.
Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes _____________________ (entertain) readers for well over a century.
______________ both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths _____ success were very different, their futures not necessarily ________ (turn) out exactly as they ________ (plan).
in
that
more fortunate
as
comparing
apart
Having set
based
have been entertaining
Though/Although
to
turning
planned
will
be doing
Proof-reading
Their success was nothing comparing to the stories of his fictional
detective, Sherlocks Holmes, who he is still best known to this day.
compared
which
for
含时间状语从句与并列结构的长句
句子原文 One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives – the future.
结构拆解 时间对比框架：One moment... The next...（前一刻…… 下一刻……），表短期内的动作 / 状态转折 第一分句：we are lying comfortably in bed（主句，主谓结构）+ about to fall into a deep sleep（不定式短语作伴随状语，补充 “躺在床上” 时的状态） 第二分句：our eyes are open（并列主句 1，主系表结构）+ and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about...（并列主句 2，主谓宾 + 宾语补足语结构）+ possibly the most important issue of our lives – the future（介词about的宾语，破折号后the future是对issue的同位语，明确具体内容）
语法分析
核心逻辑：通过One moment... The next...构建时间对比，无连接词但逻辑紧密；第二分句中find oneself doing是固定搭配，表 “发现自己正在做某事”，wondering和worrying由or even连接，体现程度递进（“思索” 到 “忧虑”）。
句意梳理 前一刻，我们还舒舒服服地躺在床上，即将坠入沉沉梦乡；下一刻，眼睛却猛然睁开，我们发现自己正在思索，甚至忧虑人生中或许最为重要的问题 —— 未来。
含选择疑问句与插入语的长句
句子原文 In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way
结构拆解 背景状语：In the face of such questions（介词短语作状语，引出 “提问的前提”） 第一疑问句：how should we approach the future（特殊疑问句，how表方式，“如何看待未来”） 第二选择疑问句：Can we take action to shape it（选择分支 1，to shape it是不定式作目的状语，“采取行动塑造它”）+ or（选择连词，连接两个并列疑问）+ should we just accept whatever comes our way（选择分支 2，whatever comes our way是宾语从句，作accept的宾语，“接受降临到我们身上的一切”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：先以In the face of...铺垫场景，再通过两个疑问句层层深入 —— 先问 “如何对待未来”，再进一步用or提出 “主动塑造” 与 “被动接受” 的二元选择；whatever引导的宾语从句中，whatever相当于anything that，既作accept的宾语，又在从句中作comes的主语。
句意梳理 面对这些问题，我们该如何看待未来？是该采取行动去塑造它，还是只需被动接受降临到我们身上的一切？
含非限制性定语从句与对比逻辑的长句
句子原文 In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart.
结构拆解 状语：In this respect（介词短语作状语，“在这一点上”，指代前文 “计划未必实现” 的情况） 主句：some people are more fortunate than others（比较级结构，“有些人比另一些人更幸运”） 非限制性定语从句：as can be illustrated by comparing...（as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，表 “主句所述情况可通过…… 被证明”）+ the lives of two famous authors（介词by的宾语，“两位著名作家的人生”）+ born 40 years apart（过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰two famous authors，“出生时间相差 40 年”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：as在此处是关系代词，而非连词，作用是 “指代前文整个句子内容”，常见搭配如as is known（众所周知）、as can be seen（可见）；born 40 years apart是省略了 “who were” 的后置定语，避免句子冗余（完整形式为who were born 40 years apart）。
句意梳理 在这一点上，有些人比另一些人更幸运，这一点可以通过对比两位出生时间相差 40 年的著名作家的人生来证明。
含多个后置定语与并列结构的长句
句子原文 His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953.
结构拆解 主句核心：His novel... won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953（主谓宾结构，“他的小说…… 于 1953 年获得普利策小说奖”） 同位语：The Old Man and the Sea（作novel的同位语，明确小说名称） 介词短语作定语：about the three-day epic struggle...（修饰The Old Man and the Sea，说明小说内容，“关于一场为期三天的史诗般的搏斗”） 定语从句：he had ever caught（修饰the biggest fish，省略了关系代词that，“他曾捕到过的最大的鱼”） 并列结构：between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish（between...and...连接两个并列名词，表 “搏斗的双方”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：句子通过 “同位语 + 介词短语 + 定语从句” 多层修饰，逐步细化 “小说” 的信息 —— 先给小说命名，再说明小说主题（about...struggle），最后明确搏斗的对象（between...and...+ 定语从句限定 “鱼” 的范围）；多层修饰均后置，符合英语 “中心词在前、修饰在后” 的习惯，避免头重脚轻。
句意梳理 他的小说《老人与海》—— 讲述一位老渔夫与他曾捕到过的最大的鱼展开为期三天的史诗般搏斗的故事 —— 于 1953 年斩获普利策小说奖。
含让步状语从句与转折逻辑的长句
句子原文
Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day.
结构拆解
让步状语从句：Although some of his historical novels were published（although引导，表 “尽管……”，“尽管他的部分历史小说得以出版”）
主句：their success was nothing（their指代 “historical novels’”，“它们的反响微乎其微”）+ compared to the stories of his fictional detective（过去分词短语作状语，表比较，“与他虚构的侦探角色的故事相比”）
同位语：Sherlock Holmes（作his fictional detective的同位语，明确侦探名称）
非限制性定语从句：which he is still best known for to this day（which指代the stories of Sherlock Holmes，“如今他仍因这些故事而广为人知”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：Although引导让步，先肯定 “历史小说出版” 的事实，再通过compared to转折，突出 “福尔摩斯故事的成功远超历史小说”；which引导的定语从句进一步强化 “福尔摩斯故事的影响力持续至今”，与前文 “历史小说反响平淡” 形成对比；be known for是固定搭配，表 “因…… 而闻名”。
句意梳理
尽管他的部分历史小说得以出版，但其反响与他创作的虚构侦探角色 “夏洛克 福尔摩斯” 的故事相比，简直不值一提 —— 如今，他仍因这些福尔摩斯故事而广为人知。
含目的状语与被动语态的长句
句子原文 In desperation, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing.
结构拆解 状语：In desperation（介词短语作状语，表 “出于无奈”，说明动作的原因） 主句：Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel（主谓宾结构，“柯南 道尔在一部小说中让这位著名侦探‘死亡’”）+ published in 1893（过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a novel，“1893 年出版的”） 目的状语从句：so that he could focus on his “serious” writing（so that引导，表 “为了……”，“以便他能专注于自己‘更严肃’的写作”，“serious” 加引号表 “作者自认为的严肃”，隐含讽刺意味）
语法分析
核心逻辑：句子先交代 “杀死侦探” 的背景（In desperation）和具体场景（in a novel published...），再通过so that明确动作目的，逻辑链为 “原因→动作→目的”；killed off是固定短语，表 “（在故事中）杀死（角色）”，区别于普通的kill（现实中的 “杀害”）；published in 1893省略了 “which was”，是英语中常见的后置定语简化形式。
句意梳理 无奈之下，柯南 道尔在 1893 年出版的一部小说中让这位著名侦探 “死亡”，以便能专注于自己眼中 “更严肃” 的写作。
含引用与并列结构的结尾长句
句子原文 As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said, “You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.”
结构拆解 状语：As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said（as引导的方式状语从句，“正如著名科技创新者史蒂夫 乔布斯曾说过的”，renowned tech innovator是Steve Jobs的同位语，补充身份） 引用内容（直接引语）： 第一分句：You can’t connect the dots looking forward（主谓宾结构，looking forward是现在分词短语作状语，“展望未来时”，“dots” 比喻 “人生中的点滴经历”）+ ;（分号连接两个并列分句，表对比） 第二分句：you can only connect them looking backwards（them指代前文的the dots，looking backwards对应looking forward，表 “回顾过去时”） 第三分句：So you have to trust that...（so引导结果状语，“因此你必须相信……”）+ that the dots will somehow connect in your future（that引导宾语从句，作trust的宾语，“这些点滴终将在未来以某种方式串联起来”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：以As sb. once said引出权威引用，增强说服力；引用内容内部通过 “分号 + So” 构建逻辑链 —— 先对比 “展望” 与 “回顾” 时对 “人生点滴” 的不同认知（“展望时无法串联，回顾时才能看清”），再得出结论（“因此必须相信未来会串联”）；looking forward/backwards是现在分词作伴随状语，省略了 “when you are”，符合口语化的引用语境；dots在此处是比喻用法，需结合语境理解为 “人生经历的片段”，而非字面的 “圆点”。
句意梳理 正如著名科技创新者史蒂夫 乔布斯曾说过的：“你无法在展望未来时串联起生命的点滴，只有在回顾过去时才能看清它们之间的联系。因此你必须相信，这些点滴终将在未来以某种方式串联起来。”
Homework
选必四《课时学案》一单元 Period Three
《21世纪报》读一篇文章并摘抄好词句
B7U1
Understanding ideas
language points
For many of us, it’s something we already have experienced. One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives – the future. Will we get into the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years’ time Can we become the person we really want to be In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart. Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways. The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write. On leaving high school, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing.
In his words, “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.” Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep-sea fishing, amongst others. His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. 4 5 6 By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor. But Doyle’s main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels. Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day. Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing.
He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works. The public, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes. In desperation, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead. Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century. Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned. So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said, “You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.
对我们许多人而言，这样的经历或许并不陌生：前一刻还舒舒服服地躺在床上，即将坠入沉沉梦乡；下一刻却猛然睁眼，思绪纷飞，甚至开始忧虑人生中或许最为重要的问题 —— 未来。我们能考上心仪的学校吗？十年后自己会在做什么？我们能活成真正想成为的样子吗？ 面对这些问题，我们该如何看待未来？是该主动行动去塑造它，还是被动接受命运的安排？正如我们许多人所知，即便为未来制定了详尽计划，也无法保证它们终将实现。从这一点来看，有些人或许比另一些人更 “幸运”，我们可以通过对比两位出生时间相差 40 年的著名作家的人生，来清晰地看到这一点。尽管两人都对生活抱有雄心壮志，充满活力，但他们的职业生涯却走向了截然不同的方向。 美国作家欧内斯特 海明威生于 1899 年，从少年时期起，他就一心立志成为作家。高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯州一家地方报社，成为一名实习记者。后来，他又担任了《多伦多星报》的驻外记者，并将自己在欧洲、以及后来在古巴的非凡经历融入创作之中。 他曾说：“我决定，每了解一件事，就围绕它写一个故事。” 确立了这个目标后，他以自己的亲身经历为蓝本创作小说和短篇故事，题材涵盖第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛、深海捕鱼等多个领域。他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔夫与一条前所未见的大鱼展开三天史诗般搏斗的故事，这部作品于 1953 年斩获普利策小说奖，后来他还获得了诺贝尔文学奖。 与之形成鲜明对比的是，1859 年出生于苏格兰的年轻作家阿瑟 柯南 道尔，最初的职业是医生。但柯南 道尔最大的志向是成为一名历史小说作家。尽管他的部分历史小说得以出版，但其反响与他创作的虚构侦探角色 “夏洛克 福尔摩斯” 的故事相比，简直不值一提 —— 如今，“福尔摩斯” 仍是他最广为人知的作品标签。有趣的是，柯南 道尔早期的一些福尔摩斯故事，是他在伦敦行医时，趁等待病人的间隙写成的。 随着 “夏洛克 福尔摩斯” 让他声名鹊起、家喻户晓，柯南 道尔放弃了行医，全身心投入写作。但他始终渴望自己的历史小说及其他学术著作能获得认可。然而，公众对夏洛克 福尔摩斯的喜爱却一发不可收拾。无奈之下，柯南 道尔在 1893 年出版的一部小说中让这位著名侦探 “死亡”，只为能专注于自己眼中 “更严肃” 的写作。但福尔摩斯的粉丝们愤怒不已，在巨大的压力下，柯南 道尔不得不让福尔摩斯 “起死回生”。如今，柯南 道尔创作的众多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文大多已被人遗忘，而夏洛克 福尔摩斯的故事却已风靡读者逾一个世纪。 尽管这两位作家最终都取得了成功，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来也并未完全按照自己最初的计划展开。所以，无论你未来可能遭遇怎样的波折与变故，不妨借鉴这两位作家的人生经验，对未知做好准备。正如著名科技创新者史蒂夫 乔布斯曾说过的：“你无法在展望未来时串联起生命的点滴，只有在回顾过去时才能看清它们之间的联系。所以你必须相信，这些点滴终将在未来以某种方式串联起来。”
Smart expressions – Para. 1
正要做
陷入深度睡眠
想弄明白
进入我理想中的学校
面对……
我们应该如何对待未来
采取措施
意外落在……头上
be about to do
fall into a deep sleep
wonder about
get into the school of my choice
be admitted to/into
in the face of
How should we approach the future
take action [U] to do / take measures to do
come one’s way
= faced with/facing
= when/if we face…
= deal with/tackle/handle
Can you make a sentence with the three expressions: wonder about, in the face of and take action
In the face of life’s uncertainties, it’s natural to wonder about what lies ahead, but true progress comes when we choose to take action rather than linger in doubt.
Paragraph 2
…, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.
为未来制定计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。
in place
in the correct position; ready for sth.
准备妥当；在正确位置
引导同位语从句
Smart expressions – Para. 2
正如我们许多人已经知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。
在这方面
通过……阐明、体现
虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但是他们的职业生涯发展却截然不同。
As many of us already know, having plans ________ (恰当的) for the future is no guarantee ____ they will become reality.
in this respect / with respect to this
be illustrated by
Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in ________ (极不相同的) ways.
in place
that
contrasting
respective adj. 分别的
引导同位语从句
Smart expressions – Para. 3 & 4
从小时候开始
一心一意做……
高中一毕业
实习记者
外国记者
用不寻常的经历影响写作
深海捕鱼
为期三天艰难漫长的斗争
相比之下
A与B无法相比
到今天
from early boyhood
be single-minded in (doing)
on leaving high school
a trainee reporter
a foreign correspondent
use extraordinary experiences to inform his writing
deep-sea fishing
the three-day epic struggle between…
by contrast
A be nothing compared to B
to this day
(formal) to have an influence on sth
be fully dedicated to (doing) sth
Smart expressions – Para. 5
在他行诊期间
让他成为家喻户晓的名字
渴望（做…… ）
百看不厌
绝望中
杀光；消灭
在巨大的压力下
被迫做……
起死回生
一个多世纪以来
in his medical practice
make him a household name
long to (do sth.)
can’t get enough of
in desperation
kill off
under immense pressure
be forced to do
bring… back from the dead/back to life
for well over a century
= desperately
Smart expressions – Para. 6
一个人的成功之路
结果正如他们所计划的那样
遇到一波三折
借鉴某人的经验
为意料之外的事情做好准备
有名的；受尊敬的
one’s path to success
turn out exactly as they planned
encounter twists and turns
take a leaf out of/from one’s book
to copy the way someone else behaves because you want to be like them or be as successful as they are (a metaphor)
be prepared for the unexpected
renowned /r 'na nd/
Blank-filling
What _____ we _________ (do) in ten years’ time
As many of us already know, having plans ______ place for the future is no guarantee ________ they will become reality.
In this respect, some people are _______________ (fortunate) than others, _____ can be illustrated by __________ (compare) the lives of two famous writers, born 40 years ________.
__________ (set) himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories ________ (base) on his personal experiences.
Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes _____________________ (entertain) readers for well over a century.
______________ both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths _____ success were very different, their futures not necessarily ________ (turn) out exactly as they ________ (plan).
in
that
more fortunate
as
comparing
apart
Having set
based
have been entertaining
Though/Although
to
turning
planned
will
be doing
Proof-reading
Their success was nothing comparing to the stories of his fictional
detective, Sherlocks Holmes, who he is still best known to this day.
compared
which
for
含时间状语从句与并列结构的长句
句子原文 One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives – the future.
结构拆解 时间对比框架：One moment... The next...（前一刻…… 下一刻……），表短期内的动作 / 状态转折 第一分句：we are lying comfortably in bed（主句，主谓结构）+ about to fall into a deep sleep（不定式短语作伴随状语，补充 “躺在床上” 时的状态） 第二分句：our eyes are open（并列主句 1，主系表结构）+ and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about...（并列主句 2，主谓宾 + 宾语补足语结构）+ possibly the most important issue of our lives – the future（介词about的宾语，破折号后the future是对issue的同位语，明确具体内容）
语法分析
核心逻辑：通过One moment... The next...构建时间对比，无连接词但逻辑紧密；第二分句中find oneself doing是固定搭配，表 “发现自己正在做某事”，wondering和worrying由or even连接，体现程度递进（“思索” 到 “忧虑”）。
句意梳理 前一刻，我们还舒舒服服地躺在床上，即将坠入沉沉梦乡；下一刻，眼睛却猛然睁开，我们发现自己正在思索，甚至忧虑人生中或许最为重要的问题 —— 未来。
含选择疑问句与插入语的长句
句子原文 In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way
结构拆解 背景状语：In the face of such questions（介词短语作状语，引出 “提问的前提”） 第一疑问句：how should we approach the future（特殊疑问句，how表方式，“如何看待未来”） 第二选择疑问句：Can we take action to shape it（选择分支 1，to shape it是不定式作目的状语，“采取行动塑造它”）+ or（选择连词，连接两个并列疑问）+ should we just accept whatever comes our way（选择分支 2，whatever comes our way是宾语从句，作accept的宾语，“接受降临到我们身上的一切”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：先以In the face of...铺垫场景，再通过两个疑问句层层深入 —— 先问 “如何对待未来”，再进一步用or提出 “主动塑造” 与 “被动接受” 的二元选择；whatever引导的宾语从句中，whatever相当于anything that，既作accept的宾语，又在从句中作comes的主语。
句意梳理 面对这些问题，我们该如何看待未来？是该采取行动去塑造它，还是只需被动接受降临到我们身上的一切？
含非限制性定语从句与对比逻辑的长句
句子原文 In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart.
结构拆解 状语：In this respect（介词短语作状语，“在这一点上”，指代前文 “计划未必实现” 的情况） 主句：some people are more fortunate than others（比较级结构，“有些人比另一些人更幸运”） 非限制性定语从句：as can be illustrated by comparing...（as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，表 “主句所述情况可通过…… 被证明”）+ the lives of two famous authors（介词by的宾语，“两位著名作家的人生”）+ born 40 years apart（过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰two famous authors，“出生时间相差 40 年”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：as在此处是关系代词，而非连词，作用是 “指代前文整个句子内容”，常见搭配如as is known（众所周知）、as can be seen（可见）；born 40 years apart是省略了 “who were” 的后置定语，避免句子冗余（完整形式为who were born 40 years apart）。
句意梳理 在这一点上，有些人比另一些人更幸运，这一点可以通过对比两位出生时间相差 40 年的著名作家的人生来证明。
含多个后置定语与并列结构的长句
句子原文 His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953.
结构拆解 主句核心：His novel... won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953（主谓宾结构，“他的小说…… 于 1953 年获得普利策小说奖”） 同位语：The Old Man and the Sea（作novel的同位语，明确小说名称） 介词短语作定语：about the three-day epic struggle...（修饰The Old Man and the Sea，说明小说内容，“关于一场为期三天的史诗般的搏斗”） 定语从句：he had ever caught（修饰the biggest fish，省略了关系代词that，“他曾捕到过的最大的鱼”） 并列结构：between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish（between...and...连接两个并列名词，表 “搏斗的双方”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：句子通过 “同位语 + 介词短语 + 定语从句” 多层修饰，逐步细化 “小说” 的信息 —— 先给小说命名，再说明小说主题（about...struggle），最后明确搏斗的对象（between...and...+ 定语从句限定 “鱼” 的范围）；多层修饰均后置，符合英语 “中心词在前、修饰在后” 的习惯，避免头重脚轻。
句意梳理 他的小说《老人与海》—— 讲述一位老渔夫与他曾捕到过的最大的鱼展开为期三天的史诗般搏斗的故事 —— 于 1953 年斩获普利策小说奖。
含让步状语从句与转折逻辑的长句
句子原文
Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day.
结构拆解
让步状语从句：Although some of his historical novels were published（although引导，表 “尽管……”，“尽管他的部分历史小说得以出版”）
主句：their success was nothing（their指代 “historical novels’”，“它们的反响微乎其微”）+ compared to the stories of his fictional detective（过去分词短语作状语，表比较，“与他虚构的侦探角色的故事相比”）
同位语：Sherlock Holmes（作his fictional detective的同位语，明确侦探名称）
非限制性定语从句：which he is still best known for to this day（which指代the stories of Sherlock Holmes，“如今他仍因这些故事而广为人知”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：Although引导让步，先肯定 “历史小说出版” 的事实，再通过compared to转折，突出 “福尔摩斯故事的成功远超历史小说”；which引导的定语从句进一步强化 “福尔摩斯故事的影响力持续至今”，与前文 “历史小说反响平淡” 形成对比；be known for是固定搭配，表 “因…… 而闻名”。
句意梳理
尽管他的部分历史小说得以出版，但其反响与他创作的虚构侦探角色 “夏洛克 福尔摩斯” 的故事相比，简直不值一提 —— 如今，他仍因这些福尔摩斯故事而广为人知。
含目的状语与被动语态的长句
句子原文 In desperation, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing.
结构拆解 状语：In desperation（介词短语作状语，表 “出于无奈”，说明动作的原因） 主句：Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel（主谓宾结构，“柯南 道尔在一部小说中让这位著名侦探‘死亡’”）+ published in 1893（过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a novel，“1893 年出版的”） 目的状语从句：so that he could focus on his “serious” writing（so that引导，表 “为了……”，“以便他能专注于自己‘更严肃’的写作”，“serious” 加引号表 “作者自认为的严肃”，隐含讽刺意味）
语法分析
核心逻辑：句子先交代 “杀死侦探” 的背景（In desperation）和具体场景（in a novel published...），再通过so that明确动作目的，逻辑链为 “原因→动作→目的”；killed off是固定短语，表 “（在故事中）杀死（角色）”，区别于普通的kill（现实中的 “杀害”）；published in 1893省略了 “which was”，是英语中常见的后置定语简化形式。
句意梳理 无奈之下，柯南 道尔在 1893 年出版的一部小说中让这位著名侦探 “死亡”，以便能专注于自己眼中 “更严肃” 的写作。
含引用与并列结构的结尾长句
句子原文 As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said, “You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.”
结构拆解 状语：As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said（as引导的方式状语从句，“正如著名科技创新者史蒂夫 乔布斯曾说过的”，renowned tech innovator是Steve Jobs的同位语，补充身份） 引用内容（直接引语）： 第一分句：You can’t connect the dots looking forward（主谓宾结构，looking forward是现在分词短语作状语，“展望未来时”，“dots” 比喻 “人生中的点滴经历”）+ ;（分号连接两个并列分句，表对比） 第二分句：you can only connect them looking backwards（them指代前文的the dots，looking backwards对应looking forward，表 “回顾过去时”） 第三分句：So you have to trust that...（so引导结果状语，“因此你必须相信……”）+ that the dots will somehow connect in your future（that引导宾语从句，作trust的宾语，“这些点滴终将在未来以某种方式串联起来”）
语法分析
核心逻辑：以As sb. once said引出权威引用，增强说服力；引用内容内部通过 “分号 + So” 构建逻辑链 —— 先对比 “展望” 与 “回顾” 时对 “人生点滴” 的不同认知（“展望时无法串联，回顾时才能看清”），再得出结论（“因此必须相信未来会串联”）；looking forward/backwards是现在分词作伴随状语，省略了 “when you are”，符合口语化的引用语境；dots在此处是比喻用法，需结合语境理解为 “人生经历的片段”，而非字面的 “圆点”。
句意梳理 正如著名科技创新者史蒂夫 乔布斯曾说过的：“你无法在展望未来时串联起生命的点滴，只有在回顾过去时才能看清它们之间的联系。因此你必须相信，这些点滴终将在未来以某种方式串联起来。”
Homework
选必四《课时学案》一单元 Period Three
《21世纪报》读一篇文章并摘抄好词句