Unit1-Unit4重点词汇复习;冠词&数词专题;阅读AD篇讲义 （含答案）上海市 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）（2024）八年级英语上册

学科教师辅导教案
课程主题 8AU1-U4重点词汇复习；冠词&数词专题；阅读AD篇
学习目标 复习U1-U4重点词汇，掌握相关的词转和运用； 梳理U1-U4重点语法； 阅读AD篇能力提升。
教学内容
Unit1-Unit4重点词汇拓展默写 Unit 1单词（拼单词，写词性） 1 会计 ______________ 2 志向 ______________ 3 最好的 ______________ 5 大学；学院 ______________ 7 梦想 ______________ 8 在……期间 ______________ 9 随函（或包裹）附上 ______________ 10 高度 ______________ 11 喜爱，有兴趣 ______________ 12 或许；可能 ______________ 14 在附近 ______________ 15 拥有 ______________ 16 物理学 ______________ 17 很可能；大概 ______________ 18 屋顶 ______________ 21 领带 ______________ Unit 2 1 类似的 adj. ___________ 2 成功的 adj. ___________ 3 受欢迎的adj. ___________ 4 负责的 adj. ___________ 5 没趣的 adj. ___________ 6 简单的 adj. ___________ 7 通常的 adj. ___________ 8 身体的 adj. ___________ 9 幸运地 adv. ___________ 10 不常 adv. ___________ 11 生意；公司 n. ___________ 12 神童； n. ___________ 13 销售；出售 n. ___________ 14 客户 n. ___________ 15 考试 n. ___________ 16 能量 n. ___________ 18 （物理）力 n. ___________ 19 热 n. ___________ 20 文章 n. ___________ 21 预料；预期 v. ___________ 22 获得 v. ___________ 23 失败； v. ___________ 24 回来（去） v. ___________ 25 出席；参加 v. ___________ 26 帮助 v. ___________ 27 继续 v. ___________ 28 重复 v. ___________ 29 解释；说明 v. ___________ Unit 3 1 adv. 曾经 ____________ 2 adj. 不寻常的 ____________ 3 adj. 不复存在的 __________ 4 adj. 奇怪的；陌生的 __________ 5 adj. 担忧的 ____________ 6 adv. 安静地 ____________ 7 adv. 上（船；飞机；车） ____________ 8 adv. 相当 ____________ 9 adv. 在楼下；往楼下 ____________ 10 n. 麻烦；问题 ____________ 11 n. 争论____________ 12 n.人群；观众 ____________ 13 n.（女式）钱包____________ 16 n. 偷窃（罪） ____________ 17 n. 细节 ____________ 18 prep.通过；穿过 ____________ 19 v. 争论 ____________ 20 v. 盯着看____________ 21 v. 偷__________ (过去式)_________ （过去分词） _________ 22 v. 拨（号）__________(过去式) _________ （过去分词）_________ 23 v. 意识到；使……实现 ____________ 24 v. 打架__________ (过去式) ___________ （过去分词）_________ Unit 4 1 准确的 adj. __________ 2 电子的 adj. __________ 3 强有力的 adj. __________ 4 全部的；整体的 adj. __________ 5 活的 adj. __________ 6 人的 adj. __________ 7 下述的；下列的 adj. __________8 令人惊奇的 adj. __________ 9 特别地 adv. __________ 10 接近 adv. __________ 12 脑 n. __________ 13 部位；组成部分 n. __________ 14 语言 n. __________ 15 系统 n. __________ 16 发明 n. __________ 17 算盘 n. __________ 18 计算器 n. __________ 19 百分比 n. __________ 21 计算 n. __________ 22 一生；终生 n. __________ 23 闪电 n. __________ 24 能量，力量 n. __________ 25 （编写）程序 "n.&v." __________ 26 反对；依靠 prep.__________ 27 除以 v. __________ 28 计算 v. __________ 29 发明 v. __________ 30 发展 v. __________ 33 解答；解决 v. __________ 34 完成；使完整 v. __________35 检查；核查 v. __________ Unit1 1 accountant n. 会计 2 ambition n. 志向 4 best adj. 最好的 5 college n. 大学；学院 7 dream n. 梦想 8 during prep. 在……期间 9 enclose v. 随函（或包裹）附上 10 height n. 高度 11 keen adj. 喜爱，有兴趣 12 maybe adv. 或许；可能 14 nearby adv. 在附近 15 own v. 拥有 16 physics n. 物理学 17 probably adv. 很可能；大概 18 roof n. 屋顶 21 tie n. 领带 23 university n. （综合性）大学 Unit 2 1 similar adj. 类似的 2 successful adj. 成功的 3 popular adj. 受欢迎的 4 responsible adj. 负责的 5 boring adj. 没趣的 6 simple adj. 简单的 7 usual adj. 通常的 8 physical adj. 身体的 9 luckily adv. 幸运地 10 seldom adv. 不常；很少 11 business n. 生意；公司 13 sale n. 销售；出售 14 client n. 客户 15 exam n. 考试 16 energy n. 能量 17 cell n. 细胞 18 force n. （物理）力 19 heat n. 热 20 article n. 文章 21 expect v. 预料；预期 22 achieve v. 获得 23 fail v. 失败 24 return v. 回来（去） 25 attend v. 出席；参加 26 assist v. 帮助 27 continue v. 继续 28 repeat v. 重复 29 explain v. 解释；说明 Unit 3 1 adv. 曾经 ever 2 adj. 不寻常的 unusual 3 adj. 不复存在 的 gone 4 adj. 奇怪的；陌生的 strange 5 adj. 担忧的 worried 6 adv. 轻轻地；安静地 quietly 7 adv. 上（船；飞机；车） aboard 8 adv. 相当rather9 adv. 在楼下；往楼下 downstairs 10 n. 麻烦；问题 trouble 11 n. 争论；争吵；争辩 argument 12 n. 人群；观众 crowd 16 n. 偷窃（罪） theft 17 n. 细节 detail 18 prep.通过；穿过 through 19 v. 争论argue 20 v. 盯着看；凝视 stare 21 v. 偷；窃取 steal 22 v. 拨（电话号码） dial dialled 23 v. 意识到；使……实现 realize24 v. 打架 fight fought fought Unit 4 1 accurate adj. 准确的 2 electronic adj. 电子的 3 powerful adj. 强有力的 4 whole adj. 全部的；整体的 5 living adj. 活的 6 human adj. 人的 7 following adj. 下述的；下列的 8 amazing adj. 令人惊奇的 9 especially adv. 特别地 10 nearly adv. 接近 12 brain n. 脑 13 part n. 部位；组成部分 14 language n. 语言 15 system n. 系统 16 invention n. 发明 17 abacus n. 算盘 18 calculator n. 计算器 19 percentage n. 百分比 21 calculation n. 计算 22 lifetime n. 一生；终生 23 lightning n. 闪电 24 power n. 能量，力量 25 program "n.&v. " （编写）程序 26 against prep. 反对；依靠 27 divide v. 除以 28 calculate v. 计算 29 invent v. 发明 30 develop v. 发展 33 solve v. 解答；解决 34 complete v. 完成；使完整 35 check v. 检查；核查 （此部分15分钟左右。可根据本次课的需要，选择不同的互动探究方法，通过案例分析、趣味故事等进行新课导入，且此部分内容与本节课的主题相关联，并写清楚教学建议。） U1 词性转换： 29. My _____________ teacher said it was a ______________ change. (physics) 30. He got into the car, turned the key and started the __________ (engineer). 31. The ___________ of the new house is a famous writer. (own) 32. The box is fifty centimeters in ___________ (long) and 20 centimetres in _______ (high) 33. his favourite activity is ______________ (make) models. 34. Our monitor is _____________ (ambition), he wants to study abroad in the future. U2 用所给单词的适当形式填空： 28. I wish you good ____________(lucky). 29. Though he tried many times, ______________, he failed again. (luck) 30. I hope the 2010 World Expo will be ______________ (success). 31 My brother became the ___________ (sell) manager of his company. 31. The students had a _______________ (discuss) about the school rules. 33. Betty is the _______________ (assist) of professor Brown 34. Tom didn’t get enough__________ last night. So, he was very __________ all the morning. Finally, he fell ______________ in the Chinese class. (sleep) IV. 改写句子： 1. He seldom drinks wine, __________ ____________ (反义疑问句) 2. They have to clean the classroom twice a day. (划线提问) _______ ________ do they have to clean the classroom U3 III.Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words: 1. The young man was fired because he had an ______________ (argue) with his manager yesterday. 2. The streets are very ________________ (crowd) on Monday mornings, so I _____________ (usual) go to school by underground. 3. Some _____________ (woman) _____________ (tour) are visiting the silk factory. 4. The girls money was ______________ (steal) on the bus. 5. The policemen caught one of the _______________ (thief) who stole the paintings at last. 6. Peter _______________ (hurry) to the post office to post the card and left______________ (hurry). U4 词性转换： 1. _______________ 1000 students took part in the maths contest. (near) 2. Henry Ford was one of the ______________ of cars. And his ___________ changed the world greatly. (invent) 3. People all over the world felt ____________ (amaze) at the fast _______________(develop) of China. 4. A lot of ____________ (live) things need to breathe air to keep __________ (live) 5. I’m very happy that all the students can spell the word _____________ (accurate) 6. Do you know these _____________ signs. They are important when you do the ______________ (calculate) 7. A computer sometimes is _________________ (power) than a human brain. 8. Read the ____________ (follow) sentences and correct the mistakes. 9. ______________ (electricity) calculators can calculate faster than abacuses. 【知识点一】 冠 词 一、冠词的分类 冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。 冠词有两种。 A(an)叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。A用在辅音音素之前，an用在元音音素之前。 二、用法
1. 不定冠词的用法 （泛）
(1) a和an均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：
John is a student.
Mary is an English teacher.
(2) 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如:
A steel worker makes steel.
Pass me an apple, please.
(3) 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如：
A student wants to see you.
A girl is waiting for you outside.
(4) 表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。例如：
Take the medicine three times a day.
They go to see their parents once a week. 常用固定搭配： _______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 定冠词用法 （特）
(1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：
The book on the desk is an English dictionary.
Beijing is the capital of China.
(2) 指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：
Open the door, please.
Jack is in the library.
(3) 上文提到过的人或事物。例如：
Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.
(4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
(5)★用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如：
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
January is the first month of the year.
(6) 用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：
The nurse is kind to the sick.
We should take good care of the old.
(7) 用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如：
the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。
(8) 用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫妇”。例如：
the Browns, the whites等。 乐器前加the。 Play the piano play the guitar 常用固定搭配： __________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 不用冠词的情况（零冠词）
(1) 某些专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。例如：
China, Canada, Japanese, glass, water, love等。
(2) 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代词时，不用冠词。例如：
That is my cap.
I have some questions.
Go down this street.
(3) 复数名词表示一类人或事物时，不用冠词。
They are workers.
We are students.
(4) 称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。例如：
I don’t feel well today, Mother.
Bush was made president of the U.S.
(5) ★三餐饭的名称前，球类活动，学科和节目名词前，常不用冠词。例如：
I have lunch at home.
He often plays football after class.
We have English and maths every day. 月份、季节前常不用冠词。 In Spring in December
(7) 在某些固定词组里，名词之前常不用冠词。例如：
★ By air, at night, at home, go to bed, go to school, on foot, from morning till night 等 ★区别：go to school 与go to the school go to school是上学，go to the school是去学校，不一定是去上学 类似的短语还有，in hospital 住院 /in the hospital 在医院里 go to sea 去当水手/go to the sea 出海 in charge of 负责，主管（表示主动）/in the charge of 由……负责，被……主管（表示被动） in future 从今以后/in the future 在将来 take place 发生/take the place of 代替 1. ______ young man living next door wants to be a detective in the future.） A)A B)An C)The D)/ 2.Nowadays marry young people would rather go on diet to lose weight.（） A) a B) the C) / D) an 3. We should give a hand to ________ the blind when they need any help in life.（） A) a B) an C) the D) / 4. Human beings still can’t reach Mars for________ time being.（） A. a 　　　B. an 　　　　C. the 　　　　　　D. / 5. These two little girls were chatting happily all_____ way to school.（） A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. There was a crystal clear river across the village. But now _______river is completely polluted by the factories built along it.（） A) a B) an C) the D) / 7.A comic strip is usually about ________interesting story with an unforgettable end.(） A. a B. an C. the D. / 8. The boy was knocked down by a car and now is in _______hospital.(） A.a B.an C.the D./ 9. Hans is ______honest. He is often praised by his teachers and friends.（） A) a B) an C) the D / 10. We are going to have a barbecue in the park on Sunday.（） A）a B) an C) the D/ 【知识点二】 数词 一、数词——基数词和序数词： 表示“多少”的词叫基数词，如：five， 表示“第几”的词叫序数词，如：third。 基数词 1. hundred ,thousand ,million 等词前有具体数词修饰时，要用单数。后面与of 短语连用时，则要用复数,且前面不再加具体数目，但可用several 等词修饰。即“前有后无，前无后有”。 five thousand students 五千名学生 hundreds of people 成百上千的人 several thousands of visitors 上千的旅客 2. 表达“几个半”用 “基数词+and+a half+名词”或“基数词+名词+and +a half”。 两个半月： two and a half months =two months and a half 3. 表示 “几十年代”或“几十岁”。 in the 1870s(1870's) 在19世纪70年代 in her twenties 在她二十多岁时 4. “基数词+名词”作定语时，两者间要加连字符号，名词用单数形式。 3周的假期：a three-week holiday 5. 表示“再几”： 基数词+more 或another +基数词 再来三个苹果： three more apples =another three apples 6.“基数词+单位（metre, centimetre, foot等）+ 形容词（tall, high, deep, long, wide)“，基数词大于1时，单位要为复数。 The well is 3.5 metres deep. 【经典例题】 31. Online courses like Chinese tea art attract_______ people from abroad every day. () A) million B) millions C) millions of D) million of 31. ______ Chinese make their way back home before the Spring Festival. （） A)Million of B)Ten millions C)Millions of D)Ten millions of CC Bill is reading _______ composition. It was written all by his deskmate.（） A) a 800-words B) an 800-words C) an 800-word D)a 800-word C 序数词 1. 序数词的构成 特殊及常考序数词：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 巧学妙记： 基变序，有规律，末尾加上-th (sixth, seventeenth)； 一二三特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third)； 八省t来九去e，f 替ve(eighth, ninth, fifth,twelfth); 结尾是y变ie，词尾再加-th(fortieth)； 若遇多位数词，只让个位变成序（twenty-first)。 2. 序数词前一般要用定冠词the. This is the second longest river here.这是这里的第二长河。 3. 序数词的意义为“又一，再一”时，其前要加冠词a/an，不用the. A: I've tried twice.我已经试了两次了。 B:You'd better try a third time.你最好再试一次。 4. 序数词前有形容词性物主代词等限定词时，不用冠词。 He is in his third year at No.1Middle School.。 5. 序数词与名词构成复合形容词时，其前不加定冠词。 He bought a second-hand car.他买了一辆二手车。 6. 在某些固定搭配中，序数词前不用冠词。 at first 起初 first of all 首先 win first place 获得冠军 every third day 每隔2天 7. 日期一般用序数词表示。 2月20日 February 20th (=February the twentieth) 5月1日 May 1st(=May the first) 8. 分数的表达法： 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数。 1/6：one sixth 3/4: three fourths(=three quarters) * 拓展： 分数修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据其后面的名词确定单、复数 Two thirds of the work is already done. Four fifths of them have finished their homework. 【经典例题】 ________ of the students of Grade ______ are girls who like singing（） A) Three-fifths...Nine B) Three-fifth...Ninth C)Three-fifths...Ninth D) Three-fifth...Nine The boy from the left in the picture was Martin, (six)（） Tagore wrote his_____poem when he was eight years old.(one)（） In the United States, Mother’s Day is celebrated on the ________ Sunday in May. (two) （） 1. ________ people took part in the search for the lost baby in Changchun. (奉贤） A) Thousands of B) two thousands C) thousand of D) two thousands of 2. The company decided to spend about five ________ yuan building a school for the children in western China. (虹口） A) millions B) millions of C) million of D) million 3.After ________ talk, they decided to buy a new flat with a large sitting-room. （嘉定） A) two hour BJ) two hours' C) two-hours D) two hours Lily got a lovely doll as a present at her __________ birthday party. (five) (长宁） Computer technology has developed very quickly since mid __________ century. (twenty) 虹口） Take three tablets __________ a day after meals for a week. (two) （宝山） We still need __________ more chairs for the meeting room. (fifth) (闵行） My uncle began to learn French in his __________. (fifty) (浦东） 1.Over _______students in our school like surfing on the Internet. three hundred B) three hundreds C) hundred of D) three hundred of 2.Helen lives on the ______floor of this building.(twelve) 3.Sophia hoped to get a doll with golden hair on her _________ birthday.(eight) 4.The actor who acted in the TV series became famous in his _______.(thirty) 5.It was a great honour for Tu Yoyo to win the Nobel Prize for medicine in her . A) eighties B) eighty C) eightieth D) eightieths 6.The actor is still in good shape and looks young though he’s in his . (fifty) 7.The pop star will join the_______season of the TV play next year.(nine) 8.Tom only won the _________ place in the competition, but he was happy with it. (twelve) 10.The recipe says “peel the apple first and then cut it into two __________.”(half) （此部分测试时间为15分钟左右，讲评时间为10分钟左右。对本次所学内容进行检测。所选题目尽量来自往年一模模考试题目，或名校期中期末考试题。同时欢迎自创！即，可根据自己的需求，自助创作一些与自己的互动方式相切合并符合知识点回顾的练习题。） Units 1—4 易错知识点练习 选择正确答案。 1. Nowadays many people in China like to take holidays ______________. A. aboard B. abroad C. board D. broad 2. I’d like ______________ a song with you. A. singing B. sings C. sing D. to sing 3. I found ______________ difficult to work in class because I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon. A. that B. this C. it D. they 4. In ancient ______________, we can find a lot of dinosaurs on earth. A. times B. time C. timing D. timed 5. Please wait ______________ me at the bus stop this afternoon. A. in B. at C. of D. for 6. We went swimming while ______________ played tennis after school. A. other B. another C. others D. the other 参考答案:1—6 BDCADC II. Practice More Choose the best answer 1. He is _________ his father. A. as tall as B. so high as C. so tall as D. as high as 2. Hurry up. There’s time left. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 3. The old man always thick glasses and works very hard. A. puts on B. takes off C. dresses D. wears 4. My brother is so fat too much food and little exercise. A. like B. that C. because D. because of 5. Peter is friendly. He never a bad word about anyone. A. speaks B. tells C. talks D. says ABDBD III. Rewrite the sentence 1. The street used to be noisy. _______ did the street use to be _______ did the street use to be_______ ______ _______ the streets before 2. The river is as long as that one. The river is the same ________ as that one. 3. He had to wear his old overcoat, ______ ________ 4. The road in front of our school was narrow before. The road in front of our school ______ ______ ______ narrow. 5. The train will start from Shanghai to Beijing at eight tomorrow. The train will ________ ________ from Shanghai to Beijing at eight tomorrow. 阅读理解 A.Choose the best answer One Monday Jack went into a small restaurant and sat down at a table. He waited for a while and when a young waitress came to him, he asked for some vegetable soup. The waitress wrote this down in a notebook and walked off. There were a lot of people in the restaurant and the girl was very busy. But at last she came to Jack with a plate of fish and potatoes. The girl was turning away when Jack stopped her. "But I didn't order fish and potatoes. I ordered vegetable soup." "Oh," she said. "I thought you asked for fish and potatoes." "No," Jack said. "Look at your notebook and you'll see that I ordered vegetable soup." The waitress looked everywhere in her little notebook, and at last she found Jack's order. "Table No. 24," she read out. "One vegetable soup." "Yes, I'm sorry. I got mixed up. I'll change it." She put the notebook down on Jack's table, took out a pen, crossed the words "vegetable soup" and wrote in "fish and potatoes". She shut the notebook and quickly walked away, while Jack sat with his mouth wide open, too surprised to say another word. 68. Jack ordered his vegetable soup __________. A) as soon as he sat down at a table B) after the waitress brought him some food C) after he had sat at a table for some time D) when he was walking into the restaurant 69. Jack was __________ the dish the waitress brought to him. A) very pleased with B)unhappy about C) interested in D) silent about 70. The waitress took out a pen and changed __________. A) Jack's food B) her mind C) Jack's mind D) Jack's order 71. "I got mixed up" in the passage means “__________”. A) I put them together B) I did something wrong C) I was so busy D) I got the mixture 72. At the end of the story, Jack was very surprised because ___________. A) the waitress corrected the mistake immediately B) the girl apologized but wouldn't correct the mistake C) the girl made another mistake D) the girl didn't write anything on her notebook CBDBC D) Answer the questions: PDAs have become very popular among the youth because they think PDAs are very useful. They are like small computers. You can put a lot of information into them. For example, people can input telephone numbers and e-mail addresses. Many people use PDAs to remember important dates. Some of these super machines can even send and receive e-mails. You can even use a PDA to surf the Internet if it has got software, such as Windows NTor Lotus in it. A few years ago, PDAs were very expensive, but now, they are quite cheap. PDAs are so small that people can carry PDAs in their shirt pockets. And PDAs are also very convenient, so many people use them at work and at school. But, it's important to be careful. These little machines are easy to lose. People put so much important information into their PDAs. It's really terrible to lose them. 73. What are PDAs like They are like _____________________________________. 74. Can you use a PDA to get on-line ________________________________________________. 75. Why is it very terrible to lose a PDA Because people ___________________________________. 76. Why do so many people use PDAs at work and at school Because they are __________________________________. 77. Why are PDAs easy to lose Because they are very ______________________________. （此部分10分钟左右，以学生自我总结为主，TR引导为辅，注意结合思维导图总结重难点） 冠词用法口诀
口诀一
名词是秃子 常要戴帽子
可数名词单 需用a 或 an
辅音前用a 元音前用an
复数不可数泛指the不见
碰到代词时,冠词均不现. 口诀二（定冠词）
特指双熟悉 上文已提及
世上独无二 序数最高级
某些专有名 习语和乐器 口诀三（零冠词）
代词限定名词前 专有名词不可数
学科球类三餐饭 两季星期月份前
颜色语种和国名 称呼习语和头衔 数词 1.和数字相关的成语表达： 一箭双雕 Kill two birds with one stone 三心二意 half-hearted 七上八下 butterflies in the stomach 十全十美 perfect 2.基数词和序数词表达：4，14，40； 5，15，50；9，12 3.表年代：in the 1990s 4.表年龄：in one’s thirties 5.表分数：one-fifth two-fifths （此部分内容包含本次课所学内容相关的练习题及课后预习内容。练习题建议题量保持在30分钟左右可以完成的范围内，题目来源于往年一模二模试题，及名校期中期末考试题，标明试题来源；课后预习内容要关注趣味性的引导，可根据下节课主题进行设置。） 课后作业 预习思考