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【核心考点集训】2025秋人教版英语九年级上册期中复习学案
知识过关第4讲 语法
语法1：介词 by 的用法
本单元“by+v.-ing”结构是一个重点内容，该结构的意思是“通过 ”“以 的方式”，后面常接v.-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式得到某种结果”，即表示行为的方式或手段。“by+v.-ing ”结构常用来回答“How do you ... ”或“How can I... ”之类的问题。
如:
—— How do you learn English 你怎样学习英语呢
——I learn English by reading aloud. 我通过大声朗读来学英语。
语法2：宾语从句
1.不同的句式用不同的宾语从句引导词。
(1) 引导陈述句用 that。
(2) 引导特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词, 如 what, who, why, where, which, when, how 等。
(3) 引导一般疑问句用 if/ whether... (or not) 表“是否”。
2.宾语从句语序。
应使用陈述句语序：引导词+主语+谓语。
3.宾语从句时态。
(1)主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况选用所需要的时态。
如: I don't know whether he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否会来。
主句是过去时，从句用相应的过去时态
如: I didn't know whether he would come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否会来。
(3)从句是客观真理，只能用一般现在时。
如: I didn't know that light travels faster than sound. 我不知道光比声音的传播速度快。
(4) 主句是 Could/ Would you please ... , 为委婉、礼貌的提问, 从句不能用过去时。
如: Could you please tell me where the library is 你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗
语法3：感叹句
(1) How+ adj./ adv. +主语+谓语+!
(2) What+a/ an+ adj. +可数名词单数+主语+谓语+!
(3) What+ adj. +可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语+!
语法4：“Could you please …”句型
1.“Could you please …”句型表示请求对方许可或向对方提出委婉的请求。
could 是情态动词, 表示委婉的语气, 比 can 更加委婉、客气。 Could you please后面跟动词原形, 其肯定回答常用“Sure/ Certainly/ Of course.”等, 否定回答常用“Sorry ...”等。
如: —— Could you please clean the classroom 你能打扫一下教室吗
—— Sure./ Sorry, I have to hand in the homework. 当然可以。/对不起, 我得去交作业。
语法5：used to 句型
1. used to 的意思是“过去常常”，其中 to是不定式符号，其后加动词原形。
如: He used to live in Paris. 他过去常常住在巴黎。
2. used to 的句式变化:
肯定句 主语+ used to do sth.
否定句 主语+ didn't use to do sth. /主语+ usedn't to do sth.
一般疑问句 Did +主语+ use to do sth.
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ did.
否定回答 No, 主语+ didn't.
3. 易混短语辨析: used to do sth., be used to do sth., be used to (doing) sth.:这几个结构容易混淆，下面我们通过例子以及相应练习，对这几个结构进行详细讲解。
(1) used to do sth.意思是“过去常常做某事”,暗含“现在已经不这样做了”之意。注意： to后面跟动词原形。
如: He used to be a teacher in our school. 他曾经是我们学校的一位老师。
You didn't use to smoke. 你过去不吸烟。
Did he use to walk to school 他过去步行去学校吗
(2) be used to do sth. 意思是“被用来做某事”。实际上这是 use 的被动语态形式, 即be +动词的过去分词+to do sth.不定式表示目的。
如: This knife is used to cut cakes. 这把刀是用来切蛋糕的。
(3) be-used to(doing) sth. 意思是“习惯于做某事”, 其中 to是介词, 后接名词或动词-ing形式。还可用 get used to 表示“渐渐习惯于 ”。
如: I am not used to my new job. 我不习惯我的新工作。
You' ll get used to your new job. 你很快就会习惯你的新工作的。
语法6：一般现在时被动语态
1.什么是被动语态
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
如: The students clean the classroom every day. 其中谓语 clean 的动作是由主语 the students来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
如: The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 主语 the classroom 是动词 clean的承受者。
2.被动语态的构成：
被动语态由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化通过 be的变化表现出来。
一般现在时的被动语态结构: am/ is/ are+ done。
一般过去时的被动语态结构: was/ were+ done。
情态动词的被动语态结构: (can, will, must ...) be done。
3.被动语态的用法：
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
如: Some mobile phones were stolen last night. 一些手机昨晚被盗了(不知道被谁盗了)。
(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
如: Your homework must be finished on time. 你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
4.含有情态动词的被动语态：
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成。
We can repair this TV in two days. →This TV can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once. →It should be done at once.
一、单项选择
1．Maria is from France. She studies English by ________ English movies.
A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched
2．—________ do you study English
—By reading word groups.
A．Why B．How C．What D．When
3．I learn English by _________ as much as possible.
A．speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke
4．Don’t leave out small things. Sometimes they decide ________ we can succeed or not.
A．which B．whether
C．what D．if
5．—The match is so exciting! I can’t wait to join it.
—So do I. But I don’t know ________ there will be another match next year.
A．that B．why
C．if D．what
6．My father always tells me ________ practice makes perfect.
A．that B．which
C．how D．whether
7．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________ I’ve just missed my train.
—Sure. There is one in half an hour.
A．when I should arrive at the railway station B．how I can get to the railway station
C．if there is another train to Beijing later D．how much a ticket to Beijing is
8．I don’t know ________ he will come tomorrow or not. If he ________, I’ll tell you.
A．if; will come B．whether; comes C．that; comes
9．They wondered ______.
A．that he was from Japan B．where does he come from
C．if he was from Japan D．who did come from Japan
10．—What did you do just now
—I called Lily to ask her ________.
A．what will she do this weekend B．whether she’d like to go shopping with me
C．why she is late for class today D．who did she play volleyball with
11．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—You can take the No. 6 bus there. It’s about 15 minutes’ ride.
A．how far was Nanhu Park B．how can I get to Nanhu Park
C．how far Nanhu Park was D．how I can get to Nanhu Park
12．—Do you know ________
—It must be Sally’s, for her name is on the first page.
A．where Marc bought the book
B．whose book it is on the desk
C．when Marc finished writing the book
D．what the book talks about
13．—I plan to go climbing tomorrow, but I don’t know ________.
—The weather report says it will be sunny.
A．what the weather was like
B．what the weather will be like
C．how the weather is
D．how the weather was
14．—Can you tell me ________ now I am not sure if it is open.
—Sure. It’s open now.
A．why can I go to the library
B．why I can go to the library
C．whether I can go to the library
D．whether can I go to the library
15．—Could you tell me ________ “the Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”
—Because he helped many countries grow more rice.
A．when was Yuan Longping called B．why is Yuan Longping called
C．when Yuan Longping was called D．why Yuan Longping is called
16．—What did you say just now
—I asked you ________.
A．who is she B．who she is C．who was she D．who she was
17．—Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street.
A．when did the supermarket close B．when the supermarket closed
C．where can I buy some medicine D．where I can buy some medicine
18．Could you tell me ________
A．that they will have a surprise party for Mary this evening
B．if they would have a surprise party for Mary this evening
C．when they would have a surprise party for Mary this evening
D．where they will have a surprise party for Mary this evening
19．—Could you tell me ________ —Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting.
A．what the teacher says at the meeting B．what the teacher said at the meeting
C．what does the teacher say at the meeting D．what did the teacher say at the meeting
20．Nobody knows ________ to visit our school.
A．when will he come B．when does he come
C．when he will come D．when he does come
21．The woman asked the man _______.
A．that they went there by bus B．if they went there by bus
C．how could they go there D．when did they go there
22．Amy ________ be a shy girl and hardly talked with others.
A．is used to B．used to C．was used to D．use to
23．He used to ________ books to relax himself, but now he has been used to ________ mountains.
A．read; climb B．reading; climb C．read; climbing D．reading; climbing
24．The river in my village is clean now. However, it ________ polluted seriously.
A．is used to be B．was used to be C．used to be D．was used to being
25．—________ you ________ to drink milk
—Yes, it’s good for health.
A．Did; use B．Did; used C．Were; use D．Were; used
26．When the new term begins, Tommy soon ________ up early to go to school.
A．gets used to getting B．used to get
C．gets used to get D．used to getting
27．Jim ________ up early. But now he gets up very late.
A．is used to get B．used to get C．was used to get D．is used to getting
28．—________ excellent volleyball player the boy is!
—I can’t agree more. He is really great.
A．What a B．How
C．What an D．How an
29．________ meaningful classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.
A．What B．What a
C．How a D．How
30．—________ beautiful song!
—Yes. This is the most popular song on the Internet this year.
A．What B．How
C．What a D．How a
31．—I’m going to Hainan for vacation this winter.
—Great! ________ happy it will be to stay there in such a cold winter!
A．What B．How
C．What a D．How a
32．—The school trip is put off till next month.
—________ bad news!
A．What B．How a C．How D．What a
33．________ dangerous it is for a child to swim alone in a swimming pool!
A．What B．How a C．How D．What a
34．—I don’t know if David ________ to have the meeting tomorrow.
—Don’t worry. I will tell you as soon as he ________.
A．comes; will come B．will come; comes
C．will come; will come D．comes; comes
35．—What are you doing, Jelly
—I’m searching for some information about the blue moon. I wonder ________.
A．that the blue moon means the full moon appears the second time in a month
B．why does it mean the moon is blue
C．when was it used for the first time
D．whether it represents anything impossible or rare
36．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ still ________ by people of all ages.
A．will; love B．was; loved C．is; loved D．will; be loved
37．I ________ TV on Sundays, but on weekdays I can’t watch TV.
A．am allowed watch B．am allowed to watch
C．allow watch D．allow to watch
38．Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners.
A．was learned B．learned
C．is learned D．has learned
39．All children ________ to do more exercise and grow up healthily.
A．expected B．will expect
C．were expected D．are expected
40．The Silk Road is mainly built for business. Many Chinese things ________ to western countries through it.
A．are sold B．are selling
C．were sold D．were selling
41．—Did you come to Jim’s birthday party, Mike
—No, because I ________.
A．didn’t invite B．wasn’t invited C．isn’t invited D．doesn’t invite
42．It is pleasing that Peter ________ as the leader of our basketball team last week.
A．chooses B．chose
C．was chosen D．has been chosen
43．The teacher asked us to check whether all of the work ________.
A．finished B．was finished
C．will finish D．will be finished
44．The telephone ________ Bell many years ago.
A．invented B．was invented C．was invented by D．invented by
45．When ________ the car ________
A．did; invent B．was; invented C．does; invent D．is; invented
46．Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time.
A．can be learned B．can be learning C．can learn D．can have learned
47．These flowers ________ often in the park.
A．must water B．must be watered C．water D．be watered
48．Paper shouldn’t ________ in everyday life.
A．waste B．wasted C．be wasted D．is wasted
49．To make our city more beautiful, rubbish ________ into the river.
A．needn’t be thrown B．mustn’t be thrown
C．can’t throw D．may not throw
50．Remember that the lights in the room ________ before you leave.
A．must turn off B．must be turned off
C．turned off D．were turned off
二、按要求完成句子
1．She studies English by joining the English club.(对画线部分提问)
she study English
2．I had a wonderful time at the party.（改为感叹句）
I had at the party!
3．She asked me, “Can I pass the exam successfully ”（改为宾语从句）
She asked me pass the exam successfully.
4．“Do you have a good time at the amusement park ” he asked me. (改为宾语从句)
He asked me I a good time at the amusement park.
5．The dragon boat is very pretty. (改为感叹句)
pretty the dragon boat is!
pretty dragon boat it is!
6．Susan said, “I will give a report at the meeting.” (改为宾语从句)
Susan said at the meeting.
7．I have read a very interesting book.（改为感叹句）
book I have read!
8．The little boy is very clever.（改为感叹句）
the little boy is!
9．The children are singing and dancing happily.（改为感叹句）
the children are singing and dancing!
10．Linda hardly used to go to the library. (改为反意疑问句)
Linda hardly used to go to the library,
11．She used to be afraid of the dark. （改为否定句）
She be afraid of the dark.
12．John used to be nervous before tests. (改为一般疑问句)
John be nervous before tests
13．Paul was shy and quiet. (用 used to 改写句子)
Paul shy and quiet.
14．Do people use knives to cut things (改为被动语态)
to cut things by people
15．Tea is grown in the south of China. (改为一般疑问句)
tea in the south of China
16．People usually plant trees in March every year. (改为被动语态)
Trees usually by people in March every year.
17．The cleaners water these trees every day.（改为被动语态）
These trees the cleaners every day.
18．The report was written by Tom yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
the report Tom yesterday
19．The children may sing an English song. (被动语态)
An English song by the children.
20．The television must be repaired. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)
— the television
—No, it .
参考答案
一、
1．B
【详解】句意：玛丽亚来自法国。她通过看英语电影学习英语。
考查非谓语动词。by是介词，后面跟动名词形式。故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：——你如何学习英语？——通过阅读词组。
考查特殊疑问词。Why为什么，询问原因；How怎么样，询问方式方法；What什么；When什么时候，询问时间。根据“By reading word groups.”可知，此处在询问学习英语的方法。故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：我通过尽可能多地说英语来学习英语。
考查非谓语。by“通过”，介词，介词后用doing形式，故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：不要遗漏小事。有时它们决定我们能否成功。
考查宾语从句的引导词。which哪一个；whether是否；what什么；if是否。分析题干可知，空格处是宾语从句的引导词，在从句中不充当成分，意为“是否”，whether常与or not连用，而if不与or not连用。故选B。
5．C
【详解】句意：——这场比赛太激动人心了！我迫不及待地想加入它。——我也是。但我不知道明年是否还有比赛。
考查宾语从句的引导词。that引导宾语从句时无意义；why为什么；if是否；what什么。分析题干可知，空格处是宾语从句的引导词，在从句中不作成分，意为“是否”。故选C。
6．A
【详解】句意：我父亲总是告诉我熟能生巧。
考查宾语从句。that无意义，只作引导词，在从句中不作句子成分，有时可省略；which哪一个；how怎样；whether是否。根据句意“我父亲总是告诉我熟能生巧”及语境可知，应选that引导宾语从句。故选A。
7．C
【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我晚点还有去北京的火车吗？我刚误了火车。 ——当然。半小时内有一班。
考查宾语从句。根据“There is one in half an hour.”可知询问的是“是否还有火车”。问的不是时间、方式和价格。故可排除A/B/D。故选C。
8．B
【详解】句意：我不知道他明天来不来。如果他来，我就告诉你。
考查连词和时态。第一个空后的“he will come tomorrow or not.”是作know的宾语，因此是宾语从句，用whether 或if引导；第二个空是由if引导的条件状语从句，主语是一般将来时，从句应该用一般现在时。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：他们想知道他是否来自日本。
考查宾语从句。wondered 后面的句子应该是宾语从句，宾语从句应该用陈述句的语序，排除B和D；再者wondered后面的句子表示疑问，而不是陈述,故排除A。故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：——你刚才做了什么？ ——我打电话给莉莉问她是否愿意和我一起去购物。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述句语序，排除A/D；由called可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，因此宾语从句也用过去的某种时态，排除C。故选B。
11．D
【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我怎么去南湖公园吗？——你可以在那里乘6路公共汽车。大约15分钟的车程。
考查宾语从句。根据“could you tell me... ”可知该句为宾语从句，语序用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“You can take the No. 6 bus there.”可知是询问交通方式，应用how引导，故选D。
12．B
【详解】句意：——你知道桌子上的书是谁的吗？——它一定是Sally的，因为她的名字在第一页上。
考查宾语从句辨析。where Marc bought the book Marc在哪里买的书；whose book it is on the desk桌子上的书是谁的；when Marc finished writing the book Marc什么时候写完书的；what the book talks about这本书谈论的什么。根据回答“It must be Sally’s”可知，此处问书是谁的。故选B。
13．B
【详解】句意：——我计划明天去爬山，但不知道天气怎么样。——天气预报说天气将会晴朗。
考查宾语从句的时态。根据“I plan to go climbing tomorrow”可知，询问的是未来的天气情况，宾语从句用一般将来时，排除A、C、D。故选B。
14．C
【详解】句意：——你可以告诉我，我现在是否可以去图书馆了吗？我不确定它是否开放。——当然可以。它现在正开放。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和D选项。根据答语“It’s open now.”
可知，想问的是“是否可以去图书馆”，用whether引导宾语从句，故选C。
15．D
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为什么袁隆平被称为“杂交水稻之父”吗？——因为他帮助许多国家种植了更多的水稻。
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空格处是一个宾语从句，根据答语“Because he helped many countries grow more rice.”可知，宾语从句的引导词是why，且宾语从句要采用陈述语序，故选D。
16．D
【详解】句意：——你刚才说什么？——我问你她是谁。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AC；主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态，排除B。故选D。
17．D
【详解】句意：——请您告诉我在哪里可以买到药吗？ ——当然可以。这条街上有一家超市。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述语序，排除A/C；根据答语“There’s a supermarket down the street.”可知问句中询问的是关于地点的信息，因此应用where引导此宾语从句。故选D。
18．D
【详解】句意：你能告诉我今晚在哪儿为玛丽举行惊喜聚会吗？
考查宾语从句。由this evening可知，此处的时态需用一般将来时，排除B/C。分析语境可知，此处问举办的地点，因此用where引导宾语从句。故选D。
19．B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我老师在会上说了些什么吗？——对不起，我不知道。我没有出席会议。考查宾语从句。本句是宾语从句，根据答语Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting.，可知是问事情，需用what引导；从句需用陈述语序，可排除CD两项。根据I was not at the meeting.的时态是过去时，可知选B。
20．C
【详解】句意：没有人知道他何时来参观我们的学校。根据题意可知这里是when引导的宾语从句，要用陈述语序，根据题意可知是一般将来时，其结构是will+动词的原形。根据题意，故选C。
点睛：宾语从句三要素（1）引导词：①特殊疑问词（有词义，充当句子成分）Wh-形式
②if / whether （表“是否”，不充当句子成分）
③that （无词义，不充当句子成分，有时可以被省略）
注意：只可以用whether， a、与or not 连用时，必须用whether。
b、介词后面必须用whether。
c、与不定式连用时，必须用whether。
（2）语序 宾语从句的语序一般都为陈述语序。
3）时态：①主句为一般现在时，从句根据需要可以为任何时态。（需要性原则）
②主句为一般过去时，从句也为相应的过去式。（呼应性原则）
③主句为事实或客观真理时，从句为一般现在时。（特殊性原理）
21．B
【详解】试题分析：句意:那个女人问那个男人他们是否乘公交车去那儿。该题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，结合句意，故选B。
考点：考查宾语从句。
22．B
【详解】句意：Amy过去是个害羞的女孩，几乎不和陌生人说话。
考查动词短语。be used to do sth.被用来做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事。根据“Amy...be a shy girl and hardly talked with others.”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，此处指“Amy”很少和陌生人说话，过去很害羞，空处应填used to。故选B。
23．C
【详解】句意：他过去以读书来放松自己，但现在他已经习惯了爬山。
考查非谓语动词。第一空表示过去读书来放松自己，used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，空格处填read；第二空表示现在习惯于爬山来放松自己，be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，空格处填climbing。故选C。
24．C
【详解】句意：我村的这条河里的水现在很干净。然而，在过去，它被严重污染。
考查动词短语。be used to do sth.被用来做某事；used to do sth.表示过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.表示习惯做某事。根据“However, it...polluted seriously.”可知，过去河水被严重污染，应用used to do sth.故选C。
25．A
【详解】句意：——你过去常常喝牛奶吗？——是的，它对健康有好处。
考查一般疑问句。根据“...you...to drink milk ”可知，过去常常喝牛奶符合语境，其一般疑问句结构为“Did sb use to do sth”。故选A。
26．A
【详解】句意：新学期开始时，汤米很快就习惯了早起去上学。
考查短语辨析。gets used to getting（get used to doing sth表示“习惯于做某事”）；used to get（used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”）。根据语境可知，新学期开始了，此处应为汤米很快习惯了早起，get used to doing sth表示“习惯于做某事”，时态为一般现在时，主语为Tommy，单数，动词get用“三单”gets，get up表示“起床”，介词to后需用动名词getting。故选A。
27．B
【详解】句意：吉姆过去起得很早。但是现在他起得很晚。
考查动词短语。used to do表示“过去常常做……”；be used to do表示“被用来做……”，为被动语态；be/get used to doing表示“习惯于做……”。根据“But now…”，可知前句表示“吉姆过去起得很早”。故选B。
28．C
【详解】句意：——这个男孩是个多么优秀的排球运动员啊！——我完全同意。他真的很棒。
考查感叹句。感叹句的常见结构有“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”、“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！”、“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。根据题干“excellent volleyball player”可数名词单数可知，应选用“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”感叹句结构；excellent的第一个音素是元音音素，因此用不定冠词an。故选C。
29．A
【详解】句意：我们上了多么有意义的课啊！我们学到了很多关于剪纸的知识。
考查感叹句。感叹句的常见结构有“What a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”、“What +形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！”、“How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。根据“meaningful classes”名词复数，可推测此处是“What +形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！”，符合题意。故选A。
30．C
【详解】句意：——多么美妙的一首歌啊！——是的。这是今年网络上最流行的歌曲。
考查感叹句。感叹句的常见结构有“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”、“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！”、“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。根据“beautiful song”是可数名词单数可知，应用What感叹词的“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”结构，“beautiful”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词用a。故选C。
31．B
【详解】句意：——今年冬天我打算去海南度假。——太棒了！在这样冷的冬天待在那多么开
心啊！
考查感叹句。感叹句的常见结构有“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”、“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！”、“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。根据“happy”形容词，可推测此处是“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”，“How”符合题意。故选B。
32．A
【详解】句意：——学校旅行被推迟到了下个月。——多么糟糕的消息啊！
考查感叹句。感叹句的中心词news是不可数名词，此处用“What+形容词+不可数名词”结构。故选A。
33．C
【详解】句意：孩子一个人在游泳池里游泳是多么危险啊！
考查感叹句。根据“... dangerous it is for a child to swim alone in a swimming pool!”是感叹句，中心词为形容词“dangerous”可知，应用how引导的感叹句，结构为How+adj.+主语+谓语!。故选C。
34．B
【详解】句意：——我不知道大卫明天是否会来开会。 ——别担心。他一来我就告诉你。
考查一般将来时和一般现在时。第一个空是由if引导的宾语从句，由tomorrow可知，此处需用一般将来时；第二个空是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所以用一般现在时。故选B。
35．D
【详解】句意：——你在干什么，杰利？ ——我在寻找一些关于蓝月亮的信息。我想知道它代表的是否是不可能的或罕见的东西。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述语序，排除B/C；wonder提示宾语从句中含有疑问语气，与that引导的宾语从句语意不一致。故选D。
36．C
【详解】句意：美猴王是中国传统的卡通英雄。今天，他仍然受到各个年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查时态及语态。根据“Today”可知，时态为一般现在时；根据“by people of all ages”并分析句子结构可知，句子主语与谓语为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态。故选C。
37．B
【详解】句意：星期天我可以看电视，但是在工作日我不能看电视。
考查被动语态。主语“I”和谓语“allow”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态“be done”的形式。排除CD项；be allowed to do sth.意为“被允许做某事”，排除A项。故选B。
38．C
【详解】句意：现在，汉语被越来越多的外国人学习。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Chinese…by more and more people in the world.”可知，这句话的主语是Chinese，它和动词learn构成被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；由“Nowadays”可知，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为“am/is/are+done”，主语是“Chinese”，因此用“is learned”。故选C。
39．D
【详解】句意：所有的孩子都应该多锻炼身体，健康成长。
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，主语“All children”与expect之间是被动关系，又结合语境可知，该句是一般现在时被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用are，故选D。
40．A
【详解】句意：丝绸之路主要是为商业而建的。许多中国的东西都是通过它卖到西方国家的。
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，“Many Chinese things”和“sell”构成被动关系，而根据“The Silk Road is mainly built for business.”可知，该句为一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用are，故选A。
41．B
【详解】句意：——迈克，你来参加吉姆的生日聚会了吗？——不，因为我没有被邀请。
考查时态及语态。根据“Did you come to Jim’s birthday party, Mike ”可知，此处指过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，主语与谓语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态。故选B。
42．C
【详解】句意：彼得上周被选为我们篮球队的队长，我们感到很高兴。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据句中的时间状语“last week”可知，动作发生在过去，且“彼得被选为队长”是被动语态，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“was chosen”。故选C。
43．B
【详解】句意：老师让我们检查是否所有的工作都完成了。
考查被动语态。根据“the work”与选项可知，the work与动词finish之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，排除选项A和C；由动词“asked”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
44．C
【详解】句意：电话是由贝尔在多年前发明的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“many years ago”可知，时态是一般过去时，telephone和invent之间是被动关系，因此空处要用一般过去时的被动语态，Bell是动作的发出者，其前要介词by，故选C。
45．B
【详解】句意：汽车是什么时候被发明出来的？
考查一般过去时的被动语态。汽车发明的时间是发生在过去，故使用一般过去时，be动词用“was”；汽车是被发明的，故使用被动语态“be+V过去分词”。故选B。
46．A
【详解】句意：多亏了互联网，不同种类的信息可以在短时间内被了解。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。分析题干和选项可知，主语different kinds of information和动词learn之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，can是情态动词，含有情态动词的被动语态的结构是：情态动词+be+动词过去分词。故选A。
47．B
【详解】句意：公园里的这些花必须经常浇水。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。分析题干和选项可知，主语These flowers“这些花”和动词water“浇水”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，must是情态动词，含有情态动词的被动语态的结构是：情态动词+be+动词过去分词。故选B。
48．C
【详解】句意：纸张不应该在日常生活中被浪费。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语Paper“纸张”和动词waste“浪费”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，题干含有情态动词should，含有情态动词的被动语态的结构是：情态动词+be+动词过去分词。故选C。
49．B
【详解】句意：为了使我们的城市更美丽，垃圾不能被扔进河里。
考查情态动词和被动语态。根据“To make our city more beautiful, rubbish ... into the river”可知，此处是指垃圾不能被扔进河里，mustn’t表示禁止，且应用被动语态。故选B。
50．B
【详解】句意：记住在你离开之前一定要把房间里的灯关掉。
考查情态动词的被动语态。turn off“关掉”，动词短语；根据“灯”是“被关掉”可知，此处要用被动语态，因此排除选项A、C，根据“before you leave”可知，此处不能用一般过去时的被动语态，
因此排除D，应用含情态动词的被动语态，构成为：情态动词+be+过去分词。故选B。
二、
1． How does
【详解】句意：她通过参加英语俱乐部来学习英语。划线处by joining the English club是介绍学习英语的方式，对方式进行提问用how。特殊疑问句的结构：疑问词+助动词+主语+实义动词原形+其他，原句中studies是三单形式，所以疑问句中助动词用does，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填How does。
2． What a wonderful time
【详解】句意：我在派对上度过了美好的时光。感叹句常用 “What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！” 或 “How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！” 结构 。此处中心词是 “time”（时光，可数名词 ），“wonderful” 是形容词修饰 “time” ，所以用 “What + a + wonderful + time” 结构，故填 What a wonderful time。
3． if/whether she could
【详解】句意：她问我：“我能成功通过考试吗？” 要改为宾语从句，一般疑问句作宾语从句时，需用 “if/whether（是否）” 引导，宾语从句要用陈述语序，即 “引导词 + 主语 + 谓语” 。原句主句是一般过去时，从句也要相应变为过去的时态，“can” 的过去式是 “could” ，主语是 “she” ，所以填 if/whether she could。
4． if/whether had
【详解】句意：“你在游乐园玩得开心吗？”他问我。原句也表示“他问我在游乐园玩得是否开心”，用whether/ if引导宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句也应该用过去时，所以have要变为过去式had。故填if/ whether；had。
5． How What a
【详解】句意：龙舟非常漂亮。感叹句的句型：What+ n.+主谓！或How+ adj./ adv.+主谓！ “…pretty the dragon boat is!”的中心词是形容词，应该用How引导；“…pretty dragon boat it is!”的中心词是名词，应该用What引导，并且“pretty dragon boat”是可数名词单数，pretty是辅音音素开头的单词，前用a。故填How；What；a。
6．that she would give a report/she would give a report
【详解】句意：苏珊说：“我将在会上作报告。”陈述句改为宾语从句时要用that引导宾语从句，that可省略；主过从必过，从句用过去将来时，will改为would，Susan是女性，从句主语用she。故填that she would give a report/she would give a report。
7． What an interesting
【详解】句意：我读了一本非常有趣的书。陈述句改为感叹句，中心词为book，应用“What+不定冠词a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”结构的感叹句，interesting以元音音素开头，不定冠词应用an。故填What；an；interesting。
8． How clever
【详解】句意：这个小男孩很聪明。题目要求改为感叹句，结合题干“the little boy is”可知，此处使用how引导感叹句，结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语(+其他)，clever“形容词”。故填How；clever。
9． How happily
【详解】句意：孩子们正在愉快得唱歌跳舞。根据题干可知，此处感叹句的结构是how+副词+主谓！。故填How；happily。
10． did she
【详解】句意：琳达过去很少去图书馆。变为反意疑问句时，遵循“前肯定否、前否后肯”的原则；句中陈述部分含有“hardly”，表否定，疑问部分应为肯定形式；句中含有“used to”，变为疑问句时要借助助动词did，并用人称代词主格she代替Linda。故填did；she。
11． didn’t use to
【详解】句意：她过去很怕黑。原句时态是一般过去时，否定句助动词用didn’t，后跟动词原形use，其他不变。故填didn’t；use；to。
12． Did use to
【详解】句意：约翰过去常常在考试前很紧张。根据“used to”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，变为一般疑问句需借助助动词did，位于句首字母d大写；助动词后短语used to中动词使用原形use to。故填Did；use；to。
13． used to be
【详解】句意：保罗过去害羞而安静。used to be意为“曾经是”，后接形容词。故填used；to；be。
14． Are knives used
【详解】句意：人们用刀切东西吗？原句改为被动语态时可以表达为“刀被人们用来切东西吗”，原句时态为一般现在时，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为knives，结构：are done，use的过去分词为used，一般疑问句中将are置于句首，其后接主语和动词过去分词。故填Are；knives；used。
15． Is grown
【详解】句意：茶产自中国南方。本句是一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是“is done”，改为一般疑问句需要把be动词提到主语“tea”前，其余不变。故填Is；grown。
16． are planted
【详解】句意：人们通常在每年三月种树。根据“every year”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；一般现在时的被动语态结构为：am/is/are+动词的过去分词，主语Trees是名词复数，be动词应用are，plant的过去分词为planted。故填are；planted。
17． are watered by
【详解】句意：清洁工每天给这些树浇水。将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,即these trees作被动语态的主语；将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),即变为are watered；将主动语态的主语变为by短语。故填are watered by。
18． Was written by
【详解】句意：这篇报告是Tom昨天写的。原句是被动语态，时态为一般过去时，将be动词was提到句首形成一般疑问句，其余不变。故填Was；written；by。
19． may be sung
【详解】句意：孩子们可以唱一首英文歌。原句含有情态动词may，含有情态动词的被动语态的结构是：情态动词+be+动词过去分词，原句动词sing的过去分词是sung。故填may；be；sung。
20． Must be repaired needn’t
【详解】句意：这台电视机必须修理。根据英语句子与汉语要求可知，原句为含有情态动词“must”的句子，因此改为一般疑问句时，需要把情态动词提至句首，首字母大写，其他句子成分照抄；must提问的句子否定回答用“No, 主语+needn’t”。故填Must；be；repaired；needn’t。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
【核心考点集训】2025秋人教版英语九年级上册期中复习学案
知识过关第4讲 语法
语法1：介词 by 的用法
本单元“by+v.-ing”结构是一个重点内容，该结构的意思是“通过 ”“以 的方式”，后面常接v.-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式得到某种结果”，即表示行为的方式或手段。“by+v.-ing ”结构常用来回答“How do you ... ”或“How can I... ”之类的问题。
如:
—— How do you learn English 你怎样学习英语呢
——I learn English by reading aloud. 我通过大声朗读来学英语。
语法2：宾语从句
1.不同的句式用不同的宾语从句引导词。
(1) 引导陈述句用 that。
(2) 引导特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词, 如 what, who, why, where, which, when, how 等。
(3) 引导一般疑问句用 if/ whether... (or not) 表“是否”。
2.宾语从句语序。
应使用陈述句语序：引导词+主语+谓语。
3.宾语从句时态。
(1)主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况选用所需要的时态。
如: I don't know whether he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否会来。
主句是过去时，从句用相应的过去时态
如: I didn't know whether he would come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否会来。
(3)从句是客观真理，只能用一般现在时。
如: I didn't know that light travels faster than sound. 我不知道光比声音的传播速度快。
(4) 主句是 Could/ Would you please ... , 为委婉、礼貌的提问, 从句不能用过去时。
如: Could you please tell me where the library is 你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗
语法3：感叹句
(1) How+ adj./ adv. +主语+谓语+!
(2) What+a/ an+ adj. +可数名词单数+主语+谓语+!
(3) What+ adj. +可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语+!
语法4：“Could you please …”句型
1.“Could you please …”句型表示请求对方许可或向对方提出委婉的请求。
could 是情态动词, 表示委婉的语气, 比 can 更加委婉、客气。 Could you please后面跟动词原形, 其肯定回答常用“Sure/ Certainly/ Of course.”等, 否定回答常用“Sorry ...”等。
如: —— Could you please clean the classroom 你能打扫一下教室吗
—— Sure./ Sorry, I have to hand in the homework. 当然可以。/对不起, 我得去交作业。
语法5：used to 句型
1. used to 的意思是“过去常常”，其中 to是不定式符号，其后加动词原形。
如: He used to live in Paris. 他过去常常住在巴黎。
2. used to 的句式变化:
肯定句 主语+ used to do sth.
否定句 主语+ didn't use to do sth. /主语+ usedn't to do sth.
一般疑问句 Did +主语+ use to do sth.
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ did.
否定回答 No, 主语+ didn't.
3. 易混短语辨析: used to do sth., be used to do sth., be used to (doing) sth.:这几个结构容易混淆，下面我们通过例子以及相应练习，对这几个结构进行详细讲解。
(1) used to do sth.意思是“过去常常做某事”,暗含“现在已经不这样做了”之意。注意： to后面跟动词原形。
如: He used to be a teacher in our school. 他曾经是我们学校的一位老师。
You didn't use to smoke. 你过去不吸烟。
Did he use to walk to school 他过去步行去学校吗
(2) be used to do sth. 意思是“被用来做某事”。实际上这是 use 的被动语态形式, 即be +动词的过去分词+to do sth.不定式表示目的。
如: This knife is used to cut cakes. 这把刀是用来切蛋糕的。
(3) be-used to(doing) sth. 意思是“习惯于做某事”, 其中 to是介词, 后接名词或动词-ing形式。还可用 get used to 表示“渐渐习惯于 ”。
如: I am not used to my new job. 我不习惯我的新工作。
You' ll get used to your new job. 你很快就会习惯你的新工作的。
语法6：一般现在时被动语态
1.什么是被动语态
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
如: The students clean the classroom every day. 其中谓语 clean 的动作是由主语 the students来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
如: The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 主语 the classroom 是动词 clean的承受者。
2.被动语态的构成：
被动语态由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化通过 be的变化表现出来。
一般现在时的被动语态结构: am/ is/ are+ done。
一般过去时的被动语态结构: was/ were+ done。
情态动词的被动语态结构: (can, will, must ...) be done。
3.被动语态的用法：
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
如: Some mobile phones were stolen last night. 一些手机昨晚被盗了(不知道被谁盗了)。
(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
如: Your homework must be finished on time. 你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
4.含有情态动词的被动语态：
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成。
We can repair this TV in two days. →This TV can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once. →It should be done at once.
一、单项选择
1．Maria is from France. She studies English by ________ English movies.
A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched
2．—________ do you study English
—By reading word groups.
A．Why B．How C．What D．When
3．I learn English by _________ as much as possible.
A．speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke
4．Don’t leave out small things. Sometimes they decide ________ we can succeed or not.
A．which B．whether
C．what D．if
5．—The match is so exciting! I can’t wait to join it.
—So do I. But I don’t know ________ there will be another match next year.
A．that B．why
C．if D．what
6．My father always tells me ________ practice makes perfect.
A．that B．which
C．how D．whether
7．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________ I’ve just missed my train.
—Sure. There is one in half an hour.
A．when I should arrive at the railway station B．how I can get to the railway station
C．if there is another train to Beijing later D．how much a ticket to Beijing is
8．I don’t know ________ he will come tomorrow or not. If he ________, I’ll tell you.
A．if; will come B．whether; comes C．that; comes
9．They wondered ______.
A．that he was from Japan B．where does he come from
C．if he was from Japan D．who did come from Japan
10．—What did you do just now
—I called Lily to ask her ________.
A．what will she do this weekend B．whether she’d like to go shopping with me
C．why she is late for class today D．who did she play volleyball with
11．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—You can take the No. 6 bus there. It’s about 15 minutes’ ride.
A．how far was Nanhu Park B．how can I get to Nanhu Park
C．how far Nanhu Park was D．how I can get to Nanhu Park
12．—Do you know ________
—It must be Sally’s, for her name is on the first page.
A．where Marc bought the book
B．whose book it is on the desk
C．when Marc finished writing the book
D．what the book talks about
13．—I plan to go climbing tomorrow, but I don’t know ________.
—The weather report says it will be sunny.
A．what the weather was like
B．what the weather will be like
C．how the weather is
D．how the weather was
14．—Can you tell me ________ now I am not sure if it is open.
—Sure. It’s open now.
A．why can I go to the library
B．why I can go to the library
C．whether I can go to the library
D．whether can I go to the library
15．—Could you tell me ________ “the Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”
—Because he helped many countries grow more rice.
A．when was Yuan Longping called B．why is Yuan Longping called
C．when Yuan Longping was called D．why Yuan Longping is called
16．—What did you say just now
—I asked you ________.
A．who is she B．who she is C．who was she D．who she was
17．—Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street.
A．when did the supermarket close B．when the supermarket closed
C．where can I buy some medicine D．where I can buy some medicine
18．Could you tell me ________
A．that they will have a surprise party for Mary this evening
B．if they would have a surprise party for Mary this evening
C．when they would have a surprise party for Mary this evening
D．where they will have a surprise party for Mary this evening
19．—Could you tell me ________ —Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting.
A．what the teacher says at the meeting B．what the teacher said at the meeting
C．what does the teacher say at the meeting D．what did the teacher say at the meeting
20．Nobody knows ________ to visit our school.
A．when will he come B．when does he come
C．when he will come D．when he does come
21．The woman asked the man _______.
A．that they went there by bus B．if they went there by bus
C．how could they go there D．when did they go there
22．Amy ________ be a shy girl and hardly talked with others.
A．is used to B．used to C．was used to D．use to
23．He used to ________ books to relax himself, but now he has been used to ________ mountains.
A．read; climb B．reading; climb C．read; climbing D．reading; climbing
24．The river in my village is clean now. However, it ________ polluted seriously.
A．is used to be B．was used to be C．used to be D．was used to being
25．—________ you ________ to drink milk
—Yes, it’s good for health.
A．Did; use B．Did; used C．Were; use D．Were; used
26．When the new term begins, Tommy soon ________ up early to go to school.
A．gets used to getting B．used to get
C．gets used to get D．used to getting
27．Jim ________ up early. But now he gets up very late.
A．is used to get B．used to get C．was used to get D．is used to getting
28．—________ excellent volleyball player the boy is!
—I can’t agree more. He is really great.
A．What a B．How
C．What an D．How an
29．________ meaningful classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.
A．What B．What a
C．How a D．How
30．—________ beautiful song!
—Yes. This is the most popular song on the Internet this year.
A．What B．How
C．What a D．How a
31．—I’m going to Hainan for vacation this winter.
—Great! ________ happy it will be to stay there in such a cold winter!
A．What B．How
C．What a D．How a
32．—The school trip is put off till next month.
—________ bad news!
A．What B．How a C．How D．What a
33．________ dangerous it is for a child to swim alone in a swimming pool!
A．What B．How a C．How D．What a
34．—I don’t know if David ________ to have the meeting tomorrow.
—Don’t worry. I will tell you as soon as he ________.
A．comes; will come B．will come; comes
C．will come; will come D．comes; comes
35．—What are you doing, Jelly
—I’m searching for some information about the blue moon. I wonder ________.
A．that the blue moon means the full moon appears the second time in a month
B．why does it mean the moon is blue
C．when was it used for the first time
D．whether it represents anything impossible or rare
36．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ still ________ by people of all ages.
A．will; love B．was; loved C．is; loved D．will; be loved
37．I ________ TV on Sundays, but on weekdays I can’t watch TV.
A．am allowed watch B．am allowed to watch
C．allow watch D．allow to watch
38．Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners.
A．was learned B．learned
C．is learned D．has learned
39．All children ________ to do more exercise and grow up healthily.
A．expected B．will expect
C．were expected D．are expected
40．The Silk Road is mainly built for business. Many Chinese things ________ to western countries through it.
A．are sold B．are selling
C．were sold D．were selling
41．—Did you come to Jim’s birthday party, Mike
—No, because I ________.
A．didn’t invite B．wasn’t invited C．isn’t invited D．doesn’t invite
42．It is pleasing that Peter ________ as the leader of our basketball team last week.
A．chooses B．chose
C．was chosen D．has been chosen
43．The teacher asked us to check whether all of the work ________.
A．finished B．was finished
C．will finish D．will be finished
44．The telephone ________ Bell many years ago.
A．invented B．was invented C．was invented by D．invented by
45．When ________ the car ________
A．did; invent B．was; invented C．does; invent D．is; invented
46．Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time.
A．can be learned B．can be learning C．can learn D．can have learned
47．These flowers ________ often in the park.
A．must water B．must be watered C．water D．be watered
48．Paper shouldn’t ________ in everyday life.
A．waste B．wasted C．be wasted D．is wasted
49．To make our city more beautiful, rubbish ________ into the river.
A．needn’t be thrown B．mustn’t be thrown
C．can’t throw D．may not throw
50．Remember that the lights in the room ________ before you leave.
A．must turn off B．must be turned off
C．turned off D．were turned off
二、按要求完成句子
1．She studies English by joining the English club.(对画线部分提问)
she study English
2．I had a wonderful time at the party.（改为感叹句）
I had at the party!
3．She asked me, “Can I pass the exam successfully ”（改为宾语从句）
She asked me pass the exam successfully.
4．“Do you have a good time at the amusement park ” he asked me. (改为宾语从句)
He asked me I a good time at the amusement park.
5．The dragon boat is very pretty. (改为感叹句)
pretty the dragon boat is!
pretty dragon boat it is!
6．Susan said, “I will give a report at the meeting.” (改为宾语从句)
Susan said at the meeting.
7．I have read a very interesting book.（改为感叹句）
book I have read!
8．The little boy is very clever.（改为感叹句）
the little boy is!
9．The children are singing and dancing happily.（改为感叹句）
the children are singing and dancing!
10．Linda hardly used to go to the library. (改为反意疑问句)
Linda hardly used to go to the library,
11．She used to be afraid of the dark. （改为否定句）
She be afraid of the dark.
12．John used to be nervous before tests. (改为一般疑问句)
John be nervous before tests
13．Paul was shy and quiet. (用 used to 改写句子)
Paul shy and quiet.
14．Do people use knives to cut things (改为被动语态)
to cut things by people
15．Tea is grown in the south of China. (改为一般疑问句)
tea in the south of China
16．People usually plant trees in March every year. (改为被动语态)
Trees usually by people in March every year.
17．The cleaners water these trees every day.（改为被动语态）
These trees the cleaners every day.
18．The report was written by Tom yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
the report Tom yesterday
19．The children may sing an English song. (被动语态)
An English song by the children.
20．The television must be repaired. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)
— the television
—No, it .
