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初中英语期中专项训练（牛津版）
专题08阅读还原
【通关练】
Passage 1（Unit 1 Wise men in history）
Passage 1文章内容：哲学家，思想家孔子
Every culture produces men and women with sharp minds who spend their days thinking about the world and how to live a good and happy life. 1
Born in 551 BC, Confucius, Kong Zi, has made the greatest contribution to Chinese culture in history and his philosophical ideas are widely known. Although he was raised in a poor family, he visited famous scholars and learned a lot. He developed his thoughts into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism.
2 First, he said we should respect the king. Next, we should do everything possible to respect each other. Finally, he believed that we can have a really good and happy life if we learn to live in harmony (和谐). This means that we should try to find a way to live peacefully both with each other and with the natural world.
3 His friends and followers collected them after his death. Slowly, people everywhere accepted his wisdom. 4 For example, one of his famous sayings is: “What you know, you know; what you don’t know, you don’t know.”
Confucius was a great teacher as well and developed education for ordinary (普通的) people. He traveled around to promote his political thinking but failed. But he never gave up.
He is a great Chinese spiritual leader. Over the last 2,000 years, his philosophy has continued to influence China and the rest of the world. 5
A. Now his wise sayings have influenced many people in different countries.
B. It is regarded as the symbol of Chinese culture.
C. However, none of his wise sayings were written down while he was alive.
D. They are the philosophers.
E. Confucius found three main truths about how to live a good life.
Passage 2（Unit 2 Great minds）
Passage 2文章内容：教育家陶行知
Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. 26 But there’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”.
He is Chinese educator Tao Xingzhi. Last year marked the 130 anniversary of his birth. People in different parts of China commemorated (纪念) Tao by visiting his memorial halls or holding meetings to reflect on his thoughts on education.
Born in Anhui province, China, 1891, Tao studied at Columbia University, US, in 1914. 27 . But when Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly copy Dewey’s education method or theories. For Tao, education is an active process in real-life experiences rather than one of telling and being told. He proposed (提出) “unity (融合) of teaching, learning, and reflective acting”.
28
After conducting surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that the rate of urban illiteracy (文盲) in China went beyond 70 percent. 29 To deal with the lack of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal collage (晓庄师范学院) in the northern suburbs of Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at rural schools.
30 He set up Yucai Middle School in the suburbs of Chongqing and offered free education to refugee (避难) children after the Japanese invasion of China began in 1937.
Maybe Tao’s motto is the best explanation for his life, “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass.”
A. There he studied educational philosophy under the guidance of John Dewey, an American philosopher and educational reformer (改革家).
B. Even during the anti-Japanese war, Tao never forgot his ambition.
C. To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working.
D. They are tasked with the mission to spread knowledge ideas and truth.
E. On the voyage (航行) of life, he kindled the light of hope for everyone.
F. Apart from reforming education methods, Tao also tried his best to promote mass education (大众教育).
Passage 3（Unit 3 Family life）
Passage 3文章内容：家庭生活
Seeing people in your family fight can be really terrible. Whether the fight is about you or not, you might feel sad, angry or even ashamed when your family members shout at each other. 1 Here are some ideas.
Keep your cool. 2 If you are very angry, you can try to take a deep breath or count to 10. Before you talk with your family members, you can also make some physical movements. For example, you can hit a baseball a few times or beat your pillow(枕头) heavily.
Call a family meeting. See if there’s a good time that works for everyone in your family to get together. 3 If you are a young boy or girl, try asking your parents to call a family meeting.
Listen to everyone. 4 That way, everyone can say what’s going on. Sometimes, letting everyone talk is not easy especially when their words make you mad. However, if you let everyone talk, they’ll listen to what you will say, too. 5 Instead of blaming (责备) your family members or calling them out, try to speak out your feelings as peacefully as possible. For example, instead of saying “You shout at me too much”, you could say, “I feel afraid when you shout at me.”
A. Use “I” to express your feelings.
B. It’s not easy to keep calm during a fight.
C. Give everyone in the family a chance to speak.
D. Do you want to know how to end a family fight
E. Then you can meet together and talk about the family fight.
Passage 4（Unit 4 Problems and advice）
Passage 4文章内容：问题与建议
“I don’t like my parents. They always tell me I should do this and should not do that. It sometimes makes me angry,” said Zhang Hua, a middle school student in Guangzhou. Perhaps your parents had the same complaints when they were your age long ago. 1
One possible reason is when your father or mother becomes a parent, he/she likes worrying about things. 2 They worry about your choice of friends, the food you eat, your work at school, etc. 3 With such hope, they will do everything they can for you.
4 It’s easier than you think. Just make sure your parents know what you’re doing. Get them to know your friends. Phone them if you stay somewhere else late so that your parents don’t call every friend in the phone book looking for you. 5 Learn to take responsibility for mistakes. Talk about your ideas with them. They may talk about theirs with you in return.
Try to understand your parents. They are also practicing being parents and need help from you. They may make mistakes sometimes, but they are the person who love you always!
A. They wish you to grow up healthily and happily.
B. When you make mistakes, be brave to say sorry to them.
C. Why do some parents seem not so friendly in children’s eyes
D. So what can you do to better your relationship with your parents
E. They worry about everything about you from the time you were born.
【真题演练】
Passage 1（24-25·广州·期中）
Many of us were told from an early age to learn from our mistakes. 1
The short answer is “yes” and failure (失败) can teach us something. But learning from our mistakes is in fact very hard because we don’t like to fail. 2 For example, we may give up a job easily, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding mistakes with the job itself.
This is self-protection (自我保护), according to a professor at the Norwegian School of Economics. Most of us want to think of ourselves to be excellent, so failure may be bad for our self-image (自我形象).
Luckily, there are studies to suggest that there are some methods of helping us deal with the bad feelings around failure.
3 Instead of asking “Why did I fail ”, we could ask “Why did Sam fail ”, for example. Many studies show that using a third-person perspective helps to reduce our bad feelings. It allows us to look at failure more positively.
The second method is to offer advice to others who may be in the same situation. 4 Both adults and children were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professors found that helping others could help people understand their experience and what they had learned.
5 But it now seems that we should be saying, “Fail again. Fail more wisely.” Failure can’t be avoided in life. However, we may find the road to success easily by learning.
A. But is this actually true
B. A famous writer once said, “Fail again. Fail better.”
C. Why is it so important for us to learn from mistakes
D. One of them is to use a third-person perspective (视角).
E. This method led to better levels of success in the test groups.
F. It doesn’t feel good, so we respond to failure in emotional (情绪化的) ways.
Passage 2（24-25·广州实验中学·期中）
The Vieira family moved to the United States in 1981. At that time, they decided to stop speaking Spanish at home and only communicate in English. 1
Now the Vieira children are adults, and they sometimes travel to Spain to visit their family and friends. But they cannot communicate with them. Unfortunately this is common. When people move to new countries, they often leave their own customs and mother language behind. 2
One advantage of speaking more than one language is that you can communicate directly with more people around the world. 3 So you’re more independent. People who know only one language must ask others to help them communicate.
4 Local expressions, vocabulary, and even jokes can have a powerful effect on a person’s understanding of another culture. So knowing more than one language increases your knowledge of other cultures.
Finally, having more multi-language speakers improves relationships between countries. 5 Countries will then have more respect for each other and better understand each other’s problems.
The benefits of knowing more than one language are clear. In fact, there are no disadvantages. It is very sad that many people don’t try to learn another language. It is even worse when people let themselves forget their mother language and become silent.
A. You do not have to depend on others to communicate for you.
B. This is a mistake because there are many advantages of knowing more than one language.
C. If people from different countries can communicate well, the world can become closer.
D. This was because they were living in an English-speaking country at that moment.
E. Furthermore, speaking a second language also allows people to experience other cultures and customs more effectively.
Passage 3（24-25·深圳高级中学·期中）
If what you’re doing isn’t a challenge for you, then it won’t make you different. After all, we all need a bit of normal stress in our lives. 1 So, let’s challenge these limits.
●Figure out what scares you and keep doing it.
If you’re a salesperson and you’re afraid of talking to people in person or on the phone right now, don’t just be scared and think you’ll fail. Spend at least five minutes every day picking up the phone and making a call. 2 But don’t give up after the first try! In the end, you can look fear right in the eye and say, “Come on. I’m not afraid!”
3
Make sure this hobby has nothing to do with your job. When you do this hobby, you can relax and get rid of stress. Some examples are cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Besides helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby might also give you some extra money.
●Set aside at least nine minutes every day for exercise.
4 A simple nine-minute run around your neighborhood can do great things for you. Exercise can not only help you keep your weight normal but also make you feel better about yourself.
●Travel and be interested in new people.
Don’t just talk to the people you’re traveling with. Try to talk to the service staff too. You never know what kind of people they are. Get out of your house or go online and book a ticket right now. 5
A. Take a class for a hobby you’ve always wanted to try.
B. Maybe someone will hang up on you.
C. You don’t have to go to the gym.
D. Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E. Start traveling and learn to challenge yourself.
F. If you stay in your comfort zone all the time, you’ll never see any progress.
Passage 4（24-25·深圳红岭教育集团·期中）
Our planet is heating up because of the greenhouse effect. This is one of the reasons why Earth is seeing more extreme (极端的) weather events. 1 But what’s the greenhouse effect on Earth, and what can we do to reduce it
Let’s first think about a greenhouse — you may have one in your garden! It’s a glass building that protects plants against low temperatures by trapping heat inside. But, while this helps your plants grow, Earth is trapping heat in the same way, and it’s causing global warming. When oil and gas are burnt for power, CO is sent out as a waste product. It enters the atmosphere (大气层) and acts like a blanket (毯子) around the planet. 2
The influence of gases on the Earth’s climate was first examined in the 1820s. Eunice Foote, a scientist, tested the effects of sunlight on different gases. 3 And then the idea of the greenhouse effect was born.
4 The UN recommends using more energy-saving electrical equipment at home. Also, if you wash your clothes at 5° instead of a higher temperature, less electricity is used. A change in diet is also something to consider; plant-based foods, compared to meat, need less land and water to be produced.
We only have one planet. 5 though the universe is big and there are a large number of planets there, so far we haven’t found another one that is suitable to support life. Even if we find one in the future, people present can’t wait until that day.
A. Let’s try and take care of it.
B. A greener lifestyle helps save energy.
C. They include heatwaves, forest fires, floods, etc.
D. We can do something to reduce the greenhouse effect.
E. She discovered that CO traps (吸收) heat more than other gases.
F. As a result, heat can’t run away and the temperature increases.
Passage 5（24-25·深圳·期中）
As we move forward in the modern world, technology is changing everything we do. One
exciting part of this change is Artificial Intelligence, or AI for short. 1
Following Certain Rules
When you use AI, you need to make sure that you use it safely and responsibly. 2 As students, you should know these rules and make sure you follow them when using AI.
Working with AI, Not Just Using It
AI can help a lot, but remember, it’s there to help you instead of doing everything for you. Work with AI as a friend that gives you a hand when you need it, but don’t just let it do all the thinking for you. 3
Using AI for Schoolwork
AI can be a great helper in school. It can make learning more fun by giving you lessons that fit just for you and helping you right away when you have questions. 4
To sum up, using AI can be really helpful for doing things more easily. 5 And the way you use AI now can make a difference to the world in the future. So, it’s important to know how to use it correctly.
A. For example. AI can help with homework and research projects.
B. As students, you are the ones who will use this technology.
C. Therefore, using AI for learning can make your school life easier.
D. Although it is good to use AI, your own ideas and creativity are important too.
E. This includes protecting your personal information and respecting others’ privacy.
F. Here are some tips for students on now to use AI properly.
Passage 6（24-25·广州·期中）
When you’re dealing with a stressful situation or experiencing a hard time, people in your life can help you. When someone who cares knows what you’re going through, it helps you feel understood and not so alone. 1
Problems seem smaller when you talk about them with the right person. You can do better and find out solutions more easily when you share your problems.
There are lots of different ways to get and give help. 2 Sometimes you just need advice on things. Help can be very easy, like a homework project, or it can go on for a while, like teaching to bring up a failing grade or advising to solve a difficult personal situation.
It’s likely you remember times someone helped you. 3 Friends helped you get through sadness or deal with disappointment. Teachers might have guided you through the college application process (大学申请). 4 You might give a hand to your classmate who met difficulty.
Friends, parents, teachers and other adults can be great resources when you need help. There are also times when you need the extra help that a professional person can provide best. Doctors can offer specialized help for a health problem. 5
A. Parents taught you to stop a bad habit.
B. Sometimes you just want to hear an encouraging word.
C. Turn to the professional people for help when you need.
D. And you can also remember times when you helped others.
E. Having a right person means a lot.
Passage 7（24-25·深圳·期中）
Einstein made great contributions (贡献) to the world, and his sayings are still remembered by people today.
1
“If you can’t explain it to a six-year-old, you don’t understand it yourself.” The more complicated (复杂的) you make something seem, the more you do not understand the inner meaning of it. 2 Did they make the most complicated topics that you did not understand full of vocabulary or make them easier to understand by simplifying them
“I never think of the future. It comes soon enough.” 3 Don’t get yourself worried about the future as the plans you make new may not work in the future. What matters most is living today Do your best right now and do not worry about tomorrow.
“ 4 ” Imagination is very important. When you imagine something differently, you may begin to share it with others. People begin to see the world that you imagine. Together you can create new ideas and help each other. Take time to imagine something, and share your ideas with others.
“Only those who try the absurd (荒诞的事物) can achieve the impossible.” Sometimes it seems silly that you are taking risks. 5 When you go beyond what others think is reasonable, an amazing thing starts to happen.
A. Imagination is the highest form of research.
B. Here is people’s understanding of some of them.
C. It’s important to be modest and learn from others.
D. Actually, you may be able to achieve the impossible.
E. Think about the best teachers that you have had in your life.
F. You are only certain about the moment that you have right now.
Passage 10（24-25·广州·期中）
Charlotte’s Web(夏洛特的网)is a popular children’s novel. It was written by Elwyn Brooks White. And it talks about the deep friendship between Wilbur the pig and Charlotte the spider. 1
Wilbur was taken good care of by his little owner in a barn(谷仓). Wilbur ate and drank all day and felt very happy. He also met a good friend---Charlotte the spider. However, when the weather cooled down, he was going to become a dish on people’s tables. Charlotte, Wilbur’s friend, was sad about that. 2
At first, Charlotte didn’t have any plans. But she kept thinking every day when she worked on her web. Finally, smart Charlotte came up with a wonderful idea. She wove(织)a big web above the pen( 猪 圈 )and wrote the message “Some Pig”. This made Wilbur a famous pig, and many people came to visit him. 3 Not only did he not get killed, but his owner also decided to look after him well for the rest of his life.However, Charlotte’s life was coming to an end.
Before Charlotte died, she said to Wilbur, “You’ve been my friend. A spider’s life is in a mess with all this catching and eating flies. 4 .
Charlotte left behind an egg sac(卵囊). Wilbur took the egg sac back to the barn. 5 Three of them stayed with Wilbur and continued the friendship between Charlotte and Wilbur.
A. Wilbur’s life completely changed.
B. However, Charlotte could do nothing.
C. She decided to do something to help her good friend.
D. It teaches children about love, friendship, life and death.
E. By helping you, perhaps I was trying to make my life meaningful.
F. In the spring of the following year, little spiders came out one by one.
Passage 11（24-25·深圳·期中）
Cotton or plastic: which kind of bag is better for the environment Many of us would naturally say that the cotton bag is the best, but that might only be true if you use that bag thousands of times. 1
There is no doubt that plastic is harmful to the environment in many ways. 2 Thrown-away plastic can sit and stay for centuries, or can pollute the sea, causing harm to wildlife and breaking down into polluting micro plastics.
Because of these factors (因素), many people-are looking for ways to reduce their plastic use. However, it’s not as easy as they think. 3 It’s certainly more biodegradable (可降解) than plastic, but this might be only advantage. The production of cotton requires far more energy, water and so on. As the bags are heavier, transporting them will lead to higher carbon emissions (碳排放). An article from Columbia University suggests that cotton shopping bags need to be used over 7,000 times before they are more valuable than plastic ones.
4 Lightweight plastic in cars and planes help reduce oil use and emissions. If we didn’t use so much plastic in clothing and shoes, we need plenty of land, water and other things for enough natural products.
Plastic lasts for centuries. This is the reason why it is harmful to the environment, but it also means it can be used to make things that can be re-used again and again. 5 Plastic can cause serious harm to the environment, and efforts to throw less of it away can reduce this. Re-using it more could be one way to achieve this.
A. Let’s see our cotton bag.
B. The problem is that we often don’t.
C. Surprised Keep on and we’ll explain.
D. Do you wonder which should be better
E. It’s not just about cotton bags for shopping.
F. Producing it can cause harmful gas into the air.
Passage 12（24-25·深圳·期中）
Whether it’s changing jobs, taking care of a sick parent, or moving to a new place, disruptions (混乱) in life can make it hard to maintain moment-by-moment focus and well-being (健康). Long-term goals remain important, but long-term focus can be hard. Daily or weekly habits supporting your long-term goals can keep you on track even when it’s hard to think ahead.
1
The first is personal reflection (反思). This can mean keeping diaries, documenting the funny things our friends say, and recording what we are thankful for a few times per week. 2
Second, we need time for professional reflection. For example, you may sit down on a Sunday night and write down the most important to-dos in the coming week. 3 Instead, it directs your focus to what’s most important. Simple, daily or weekly reflection can make a meaningful difference in productivity and focus.
A third area is building and maintaining relationships. It’s important to manage our relationships well. For us, right now, the primary relationships are with our parents and teachers. 4 These sound like small things, but they matter a lot.
Finally, we all need to form good habits that encourage physical and mental health. Studies show that people who get at least two days of exercise per week are happier. 5
A. We also need to try making some time to spend with a friend or two.
B. Similarly, as little as 20 minutes of exercise can boost mood as well.
C. This helps you focus on not simply what’s most visible or immediate.
D. When setting these habits, focus on the following four areas.
E. Everyone’s life looks different, but we all feel busy and stressful sometimes.
F. Such practices can help us better enjoy life events and remain joyful.
Passage 13（24-25·深圳·期中）
Do you ever find yourself getting really unhappy for almost no reason Or suddenly feeling down without knowing why 1
An important cause for mood（情绪）changes is biology. When puberty（青春期）begins, the body starts producing hormones （荷尔蒙）. These hormones cause physical changes in the body. 2
Here are some things you can do that might make those bad moods a bit easier to deal with.
3 Although not every teen experiences mood changes to the some degree, they are common.
Talk to people you trust. Friends can help each other by realizing that they are not alone in their feelings. Talking to parents is important, too. Parents can share their own experiences dealing with bad moods. 4 And a doctor can help to answer questions about development.
Get enough sleep. Though it can be hard to find enough time, getting enough rest is very important. 5
Create. Taking part in some kinds of activities like building something out of wood or starting an art of music piece. Writing can help you organize and express your thoughts and feelings. Get your thoughts on paper. Do the same thing with paint, music or other art forms. Put your feelings into your art work.
A. But at the same time, they also seem to cause mood changes.
B. Taking part in some kinds of activities.
C. Remember you’re not alone.
D. Teachers are often good resources.
E. But why is the feeling so common among teens
F. Being tired can lead to more sadness.
Passage 14（24-25·深圳·期中）
The main thing about studying well is to study smartly. But studying smartly doesn’t mean staying up all night before an exam. 1 Besides this, here are other ways of studying smartly.
2 Actually, making links between what you are studying and your everyday life is not always easy. However, this is a skill that you can improve over time. You can spend some time using your imagination to build links between what you’re studying and your life.
Rewrite your notes. You can rewrite your notes by adding more information to the notes that you have taken during the class. 3 This is a good way to study because it requires you to think while you are rewriting your notes.
Plan your study time. Different people like to work and read at different parts of a day. Try to find out when you’re most productive. Some students study more effectively in the morning, while some may find it more beneficial (有益的) to study at night. 4
Have a good space to study. You need a desk or a table with enough space. Besides, you will also need good lighting. Students often say that listening to music, having the TV on, or keeping their phone out helps. 5 So you’d better study in a quieter space.
A. Instead, it requires preparation ahead of time.
B. Create connections with what you are studying.
C. It all depends on your schedule and habits.
D. Please remember not to just write down your notes mindlessly.
E. But these things can take your attention away from study.
Passage 14（24-25·深圳·期中）
Tai chi, an ancient Chinese martial art, has become widely known. It combines slow, graceful movements with deep breathing and mental focus. 1
At the Olympics, there have been efforts to introduce traditional Chinese martial arts like tai chi as display sports. This is because it is a wonderful way to show the rich cultural heritage of China. Since tai chi originated in China, Chinese athletes often have a deeper understanding and better mastery of it. 2 . Athletes from different countries have shown great interest in learning tai chi.
Many people believe that practicing tai chi can improve physical health and mental well- being. It helps to reduce stress, increase flexibility, and enhance balance. 3 They are gradually realizing that it is a way to explore and appreciate the ancient wisdom of China.
4 Some people think that it is too slow-paced compared to other sports. But its benefits cannot be ignored, and it has the potential to attract a wider audience. Supporters argue that its unique qualities make it a valuable addition to the Olympic program.
Experts suggest that more efforts should be made to help tai chi become popular both at home and abroad.
5
A. However, promoting tai chi at the Olympics also faces some challenges.
B. This can include organizing workshops and demonstrations at Olympic venues.
C. At first, people around the world just watch tai chi performances without fully understanding its depth.
D. The practice of tai chi can produce a sense of inner peace and harmony.
E. This makes Chinese athletes stand out in the field of tai chi, and it also inspires others to learn.
Passage 15（24-25·深圳·期中）
Family is warm and full of love. With a family, people are sure to have a place to return to and can overcome difficulties and move forward bravely.
My name is Linda. I have a big family and I love my family. 1
Before I went into college, I always did what my parents told me to do. I ate the food that my parents told me to eat. I wore the clothes my parents bought for me. 2 But I wished to do these things on my own one day. Well, that day finally came!
When I started my first year of college, I was allowed to rent (租) an apartment near my school. 3 I decorated (装饰) the rooms the way I liked. I bought food that I liked. I felt excited!
But a few days later, I felt like something was missing, and I couldn’t find out what it was. So I called some friends over and we had a party. 4 Why was I feeling sad What was my problem
5 I opened the door. My whole family were standing there. They were brothers and cousins, aunts and uncles, and of course, my mother and father. They surprised me with a party. When the party was over, I realized that I was homesick. After that party, I visited my family once a week.
A. But I still felt a little unhappy.
B. However, sometimes I want my own place.
C. It was about two miles away from my parents’ house.
D. And I did the things that my parents wanted me to do.
E. While I was sitting on the sofa and thinking of the reasons, the doorbell rang.
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初中英语期中专项训练（牛津版）
专题08阅读还原
【通关练】
Passage 1（Unit 1 Wise men in history）
Passage 1文章内容：哲学家，思想家孔子
Every culture produces men and women with sharp minds who spend their days thinking about the world and how to live a good and happy life. 1
Born in 551 BC, Confucius, Kong Zi, has made the greatest contribution to Chinese culture in history and his philosophical ideas are widely known. Although he was raised in a poor family, he visited famous scholars and learned a lot. He developed his thoughts into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism.
2 First, he said we should respect the king. Next, we should do everything possible to respect each other. Finally, he believed that we can have a really good and happy life if we learn to live in harmony (和谐). This means that we should try to find a way to live peacefully both with each other and with the natural world.
3 His friends and followers collected them after his death. Slowly, people everywhere accepted his wisdom. 4 For example, one of his famous sayings is: “What you know, you know; what you don’t know, you don’t know.”
Confucius was a great teacher as well and developed education for ordinary (普通的) people. He traveled around to promote his political thinking but failed. But he never gave up.
He is a great Chinese spiritual leader. Over the last 2,000 years, his philosophy has continued to influence China and the rest of the world. 5
A. Now his wise sayings have influenced many people in different countries.
B. It is regarded as the symbol of Chinese culture.
C. However, none of his wise sayings were written down while he was alive.
D. They are the philosophers.
E. Confucius found three main truths about how to live a good life.
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. C 4. A 5. B
【解析】本文介绍了孔子的生平、哲学思想及其影响。
1. 根据“Every culture produces men and women with sharp minds who spend their days thinking about the world and how to live a good and happy life.”可知，此处应说明这些人的身份，D项“他们是哲学家。”符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据“First, he said we should respect the king ... This means that we should try to find a way to live peacefully both with each other and with the natural world.”可知，本段列举了孔子的思想，E项“孔子发现了如何过好生活的三个主要真理。”符合语境。故选E。
3. 根据“His friends and followers collected them after his death.”可知，他的朋友和追随者在他去世后收集了他的言论，由此推知，孔子生前没有写下这些言论，C项“然而，在他活着的时候，他的智慧名言没有一句被记录下来。”符合语境。故选C。
4. 根据“Slowly, people everywhere accepted his wisdom.”可知，此处应表明孔子的名言的影响，A项“现在他的智慧名言已经影响了不同国家的许多人。”符合语境。故选A。
5. 根据“He is a great Chinese spiritual leader. Over the last 2,000 years, his philosophy has continued to influence China and the rest of the world.”可知，此处总结孔子的影响，B项“它被认为是中国文化的象征。”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 2（Unit 2 Great minds）
Passage 2文章内容：教育家陶行知
Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. 26 But there’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”.
He is Chinese educator Tao Xingzhi. Last year marked the 130 anniversary of his birth. People in different parts of China commemorated (纪念) Tao by visiting his memorial halls or holding meetings to reflect on his thoughts on education.
Born in Anhui province, China, 1891, Tao studied at Columbia University, US, in 1914. 27 . But when Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly copy Dewey’s education method or theories. For Tao, education is an active process in real-life experiences rather than one of telling and being told. He proposed (提出) “unity (融合) of teaching, learning, and reflective acting”.
28
After conducting surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that the rate of urban illiteracy (文盲) in China went beyond 70 percent. 29 To deal with the lack of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal collage (晓庄师范学院) in the northern suburbs of Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at rural schools.
30 He set up Yucai Middle School in the suburbs of Chongqing and offered free education to refugee (避难) children after the Japanese invasion of China began in 1937.
Maybe Tao’s motto is the best explanation for his life, “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass.”
A. There he studied educational philosophy under the guidance of John Dewey, an American philosopher and educational reformer (改革家).
B. Even during the anti-Japanese war, Tao never forgot his ambition.
C. To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working.
D. They are tasked with the mission to spread knowledge ideas and truth.
E. On the voyage (航行) of life, he kindled the light of hope for everyone.
F. Apart from reforming education methods, Tao also tried his best to promote mass education (大众教育).
【答案】6. D 7. A 8. F 9. C 10. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了教育家陶行知。
6. 根据“Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul.”可知，教师常被认为是人类灵魂的工程师，此处应该进一步解释，选项D“他们肩负着传播知识、思想和真理的使命”符合语境，故选D。
7. 根据“Tao studied at Columbia University, US, in 1914”可知，陶行知于1914年就读于美国哥伦比亚大学，选项A“在那里，他在美国哲学家、教育改革家杜威的指导下学习教育哲学”符合语境，故选A。
8. 上文是对陶行知教学理念的解释，这里对他的理念的补充，下文提到他推进全民教育，创立晓庄师范学院等，选项F“除了改革教育方法，陶行知还努力推动大众教育”符合语境，故选F。
9. 根据“After conducting surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that the rate of urban illiteracy (文盲) in China went beyond 70 percent.”可知，陶行知惊讶地发现中国城市的文盲率超过了70%，选项C“为了解决这个问题，陶行知组织年轻工人和农民一边工作一边学习”符合语境，故选C。
10. 根据“He set up Yucai Middle School in the suburbs of Chongqing and offered free education to refugee (避难) children after the Japanese invasion of China began in 1937.”可知，1937年日本侵华战争开始后，他在重庆郊区创办了育才中学，为难民儿童提供免费教育。选项B“即使在抗日战争期间，陶行知也从未忘记自己的雄心壮志”符合语境，故选B。
Passage 3（Unit 3 Family life）
Passage 3文章内容：家庭生活
Seeing people in your family fight can be really terrible. Whether the fight is about you or not, you might feel sad, angry or even ashamed when your family members shout at each other. 1 Here are some ideas.
Keep your cool. 2 If you are very angry, you can try to take a deep breath or count to 10. Before you talk with your family members, you can also make some physical movements. For example, you can hit a baseball a few times or beat your pillow(枕头) heavily.
Call a family meeting. See if there’s a good time that works for everyone in your family to get together. 3 If you are a young boy or girl, try asking your parents to call a family meeting.
Listen to everyone. 4 That way, everyone can say what’s going on. Sometimes, letting everyone talk is not easy especially when their words make you mad. However, if you let everyone talk, they’ll listen to what you will say, too. 5 Instead of blaming (责备) your family members or calling them out, try to speak out your feelings as peacefully as possible. For example, instead of saying “You shout at me too much”, you could say, “I feel afraid when you shout at me.”
A. Use “I” to express your feelings.
B. It’s not easy to keep calm during a fight.
C. Give everyone in the family a chance to speak.
D. Do you want to know how to end a family fight
E. Then you can meet together and talk about the family fight.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. E 4. C 5. A
【解析】本文是关于如何处理家庭纷争的一些建议。
1. 根据下文“Here are some ideas.”可知，此处是说看到家人吵架时该如何处理；选项D“你想知道如何结束家庭争吵吗？”符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据“Keep your cool.”可知，此处是说要保持冷静；选项B“吵架时要保持冷静是不容易的。”符合语境。故选B。
3. 根据“Call a family meeting. See if there’s a good time that works for everyone in your family to get together.”可知，此处与召开家庭会议相关；选项E“然后你们可以聚在一起讨论家庭争吵。”符合语境。故选E。
4. 根据“That way, everyone can say what’s going on.”可知，此处指给每位家庭成员发言的机会；选项C“给家里的每个人一个发言的机会。”符合语境。故选C。
5. 根据“Instead of blaming (责备) your family members or calling them out, try to speak out your feelings as peacefully as possible.”和“you could say, ‘I feel afraid when you shout at me.’”可知，此处指使用“我”来说出自己的感受；选项A“用‘我’来表达你的感受。”符合语境。故选A。
Passage 4（Unit 4 Problems and advice）
Passage 4文章内容：问题与建议
“I don’t like my parents. They always tell me I should do this and should not do that. It sometimes makes me angry,” said Zhang Hua, a middle school student in Guangzhou. Perhaps your parents had the same complaints when they were your age long ago. 1
One possible reason is when your father or mother becomes a parent, he/she likes worrying about things. 2 They worry about your choice of friends, the food you eat, your work at school, etc. 3 With such hope, they will do everything they can for you.
4 It’s easier than you think. Just make sure your parents know what you’re doing. Get them to know your friends. Phone them if you stay somewhere else late so that your parents don’t call every friend in the phone book looking for you. 5 Learn to take responsibility for mistakes. Talk about your ideas with them. They may talk about theirs with you in return.
Try to understand your parents. They are also practicing being parents and need help from you. They may make mistakes sometimes, but they are the person who love you always!
A. They wish you to grow up healthily and happily.
B. When you make mistakes, be brave to say sorry to them.
C. Why do some parents seem not so friendly in children’s eyes
D. So what can you do to better your relationship with your parents
E. They worry about everything about you from the time you were born.
【答案】1. C 2. E 3. A 4. D 5. B
【解析】本文关注的是亲子关系，孩子普遍抱怨父母管束太多，分析了问题形成的原因，给出了亲子沟通的建议。
1. 根据“Perhaps your parents had the same complaints when they were your age long ago.”可知，也许你的父母在你这么大的时候也有同样的抱怨。此处提到亲子关系的问题一直都有，选项C“为什么有些父母在孩子眼中看起来不那么友好？”符合语境，故选C。
2. 根据“One possible reason is when your father or mother becomes a parent, he/she likes worrying about things.”可知，一个可能的原因是，当你的父亲或母亲成为父母，他/她喜欢担心的事情。此处提到父母担心，选项E“从你出生的那一刻起，他们就担心你的一切。”符合语境，故选E。
3. 根据“With such hope, they will do everything they can for you.”可知，此处提到父母对孩子的期待，选项A“他们希望你健康快乐地成长。”符合语境，故选A。
4. 根据“It’s easier than you think.”和后文介绍可知，介绍一些改善父母关系的方法，选项D“那么你能做些什么来改善你和父母的关系呢？”符合语境，故选D。
5. 根据“Learn to take responsibility for mistakes.”可知，此处建议要学会为错误承担责任，选项B“当你犯了错误，要勇敢地说对不起。”符合语境，故选B。
【真题演练】
Passage 1（24-25·广州·期中）
Many of us were told from an early age to learn from our mistakes. 1
The short answer is “yes” and failure (失败) can teach us something. But learning from our mistakes is in fact very hard because we don’t like to fail. 2 For example, we may give up a job easily, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding mistakes with the job itself.
This is self-protection (自我保护), according to a professor at the Norwegian School of Economics. Most of us want to think of ourselves to be excellent, so failure may be bad for our self-image (自我形象).
Luckily, there are studies to suggest that there are some methods of helping us deal with the bad feelings around failure.
3 Instead of asking “Why did I fail ”, we could ask “Why did Sam fail ”, for example. Many studies show that using a third-person perspective helps to reduce our bad feelings. It allows us to look at failure more positively.
The second method is to offer advice to others who may be in the same situation. 4 Both adults and children were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professors found that helping others could help people understand their experience and what they had learned.
5 But it now seems that we should be saying, “Fail again. Fail more wisely.” Failure can’t be avoided in life. However, we may find the road to success easily by learning.
A. But is this actually true
B. A famous writer once said, “Fail again. Fail better.”
C. Why is it so important for us to learn from mistakes
D. One of them is to use a third-person perspective (视角).
E. This method led to better levels of success in the test groups.
F. It doesn’t feel good, so we respond to failure in emotional (情绪化的) ways.
【答案】1. A 2. F 3. D 4. E 5. B
【解析】本文主要讲述要从错误中吸取教训以及可以帮助我们应对失败带来的不良情绪的一些方法。
1. 根据下文“The short answer is ‘yes’”可知，此处为一般疑问句，选项A“但这真地是真的吗？”符合语境。故选A。
2. 根据上文“But learning from our mistakes is in fact very hard because we don’t like to fail.”及下文“For example, we may give up a job easily, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding mistakes with the job itself.”可知，我们以情绪化的方式应对失败，选项F“这感觉不好，所以我们以情绪化的方式应对失败。”符合语境。故选F。
3. 根据下文“Many studies show that using a third-person perspective helps to reduce our bad feelings. It allows us to look at failure more positively.”可知，此处与第三人称视角有关，选项D“其中之一是使用第三人称视角。”符合语境。故选D。
4. 根据上文“The second method is to offer advice to others who may be in the same situation.”可知，此处与向可能处于相同情况的其他人提供建议这种方法有关，选项E“这种方法在测试组中取得了更好的成功。”符合语境。故选E。
5. 根据下文“But it now seems that we should be saying, ‘Fail again. Fail more wisely.’”并结合选项可知，此处指再失败一次，更好地失败，选项B“一位著名作家曾说过：‘再失败。更好地失败。’”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 2（24-25·广州实验中学·期中）
The Vieira family moved to the United States in 1981. At that time, they decided to stop speaking Spanish at home and only communicate in English. 1
Now the Vieira children are adults, and they sometimes travel to Spain to visit their family and friends. But they cannot communicate with them. Unfortunately this is common. When people move to new countries, they often leave their own customs and mother language behind. 2
One advantage of speaking more than one language is that you can communicate directly with more people around the world. 3 So you’re more independent. People who know only one language must ask others to help them communicate.
4 Local expressions, vocabulary, and even jokes can have a powerful effect on a person’s understanding of another culture. So knowing more than one language increases your knowledge of other cultures.
Finally, having more multi-language speakers improves relationships between countries. 5 Countries will then have more respect for each other and better understand each other’s problems.
The benefits of knowing more than one language are clear. In fact, there are no disadvantages. It is very sad that many people don’t try to learn another language. It is even worse when people let themselves forget their mother language and become silent.
A. You do not have to depend on others to communicate for you.
B. This is a mistake because there are many advantages of knowing more than one language.
C. If people from different countries can communicate well, the world can become closer.
D. This was because they were living in an English-speaking country at that moment.
E. Furthermore, speaking a second language also allows people to experience other cultures and customs more effectively.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. E 5. C
【解析】本文主要讲述了学习多语言的好处。
1. 根据“At that time, they decided to stop speaking Spanish at home and only communicate in English.”可知，此处是解释他们不再用西班牙语，只用英语交流的原因，选项D“这是因为他们当时生活在一个讲英语的国家。”符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据“When people move to new countries, they often leave their own customs and mother language behind.”可知，此处是对人们移居到一个新的国家时，会把自己的风俗习惯和母语抛在脑后这一行为的评价，选项B“这是一个错误，因为懂一门以上的语言有很多优势。”符合语境。故选B。
3. 根据“So you’re more independent.”可知，此处是解释你会更独立的原因，选项A“你不必依赖别人来替你沟通。”符合语境。故选A。
. 根据“Local expressions, vocabulary, and even jokes can have a powerful effect on a person’s understanding of another culture.”可知，此处是说语言对文化的理解有影响，选项E“此外，说第二语言还可以让人们更有效地体验其它文化和习俗。”符合语境。故选E。
5. 根据“having more multi-language speakers improves relationships between countries.”可知，此处是介绍会多种语言有助于改善不同国家之间的关系，选项C“如果不同国家的人能很好地交流，世界就能变得更紧密。”符合语境。故选C。
Passage 3（24-25·深圳高级中学·期中）
If what you’re doing isn’t a challenge for you, then it won’t make you different. After all, we all need a bit of normal stress in our lives. 1 So, let’s challenge these limits.
●Figure out what scares you and keep doing it.
If you’re a salesperson and you’re afraid of talking to people in person or on the phone right now, don’t just be scared and think you’ll fail. Spend at least five minutes every day picking up the phone and making a call. 2 But don’t give up after the first try! In the end, you can look fear right in the eye and say, “Come on. I’m not afraid!”
3
Make sure this hobby has nothing to do with your job. When you do this hobby, you can relax and get rid of stress. Some examples are cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Besides helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby might also give you some extra money.
●Set aside at least nine minutes every day for exercise.
4 A simple nine-minute run around your neighborhood can do great things for you. Exercise can not only help you keep your weight normal but also make you feel better about yourself.
●Travel and be interested in new people.
Don’t just talk to the people you’re traveling with. Try to talk to the service staff too. You never know what kind of people they are. Get out of your house or go online and book a ticket right now. 5
A. Take a class for a hobby you’ve always wanted to try.
B. Maybe someone will hang up on you.
C. You don’t have to go to the gym.
D. Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E. Start traveling and learn to challenge yourself.
F. If you stay in your comfort zone all the time, you’ll never see any progress.
【答案】1. F 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. E
【知识点】意见/建议
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过列举几个方面的建议和做法，来鼓励读者挑战自我，走出舒适区，以实现个人的成长和进步。
1. 根据上文“If what you’re doing isn’t a challenge for you, then it won’t make you different. After all, we all need a bit of normal stress in our lives.”和下文“So, let’s challenge these limits.”可知，上文提到一直做没有挑战性的事情不会有进步，下文则提出要去挑战极限，所以此处应该是一个过渡句，说明一直待在舒适区不会有进步；选项F “如果你一直待在舒适区，你将永远看不到任何进步。”符合语境。故选F。
2. 根据上文“Spend at least five minutes every day picking up the phone and making a call.”和下文“But don’t give up after the first try!”可知，上文提到要打电话，下文提到不要放弃，所以此处应该是在描述打电话时可能会遇到的困难；选项B“也许有人会挂断你的电话。”符合语境。故选B。
3. 根据下文“Make sure this hobby has nothing to do with your job. When you do this hobby, you can relax and get rid of stress. Some examples are cooking, sewing, painting and so on.”可知，与你的工作无关的爱好可以放松并消除压力，由此可知，此处是在讲述要开始一个与工作无关的爱好；选项A“参加一个你一直想尝试的业余爱好的课程。”符合语境。故选A。
4. 根据上文“Set aside at least nine minutes every day for exercise.”和下文“A simple nine-minute run around your neighborhood can do great things for you. Exercise can not only help you keep your weight normal but also make you feel better about yourself.”可知，上文提到每天留出九分钟锻炼，下文举例说在附近跑九分钟的好处，所以此处应该是一个过渡句，说明锻炼的地点；选项C“你不必去健身房。”符合语境。故选C。
5. 根据上文“Get out of your house or go online and book a ticket right now”可知，走出家门或上网订票吧，所以此处应该总结全文，强调要去旅行和挑战自己；选项E “开始旅行，学会挑战自己。”符合语境。故选E。
Passage 4（24-25·深圳红岭教育集团·期中）
Our planet is heating up because of the greenhouse effect. This is one of the reasons why Earth is seeing more extreme (极端的) weather events. 1 But what’s the greenhouse effect on Earth, and what can we do to reduce it
Let’s first think about a greenhouse — you may have one in your garden! It’s a glass building that protects plants against low temperatures by trapping heat inside. But, while this helps your plants grow, Earth is trapping heat in the same way, and it’s causing global warming. When oil and gas are burnt for power, CO is sent out as a waste product. It enters the atmosphere (大气层) and acts like a blanket (毯子) around the planet. 2
The influence of gases on the Earth’s climate was first examined in the 1820s. Eunice Foote, a scientist, tested the effects of sunlight on different gases. 3 And then the idea of the greenhouse effect was born.
4 The UN recommends using more energy-saving electrical equipment at home. Also, if you wash your clothes at 5° instead of a higher temperature, less electricity is used. A change in diet is also something to consider; plant-based foods, compared to meat, need less land and water to be produced.
We only have one planet. 5 though the universe is big and there are a large number of planets there, so far we haven’t found another one that is suitable to support life. Even if we find one in the future, people present can’t wait until that day.
A. Let’s try and take care of it.
B. A greener lifestyle helps save energy.
C. They include heatwaves, forest fires, floods, etc.
D. We can do something to reduce the greenhouse effect.
E. She discovered that CO traps (吸收) heat more than other gases.
F. As a result, heat can’t run away and the temperature increases.
【答案】1. C 2. F 3. E 4. D 5. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了温室效应如何形成的，对地球的影响，以及我们如何减少温室效应等。
1. 根据“Our planet is heating up because of the greenhouse effect. This is one of the reasons why Earth is seeing more extreme (极端的) weather events.”可知，此处是介绍极端天气的情况，选项C“它们包括热浪、森林火灾、洪水等。”符合，故选C。
2. 根据“It enters the atmosphere (大气层) and acts like a blanket (毯子) around the planet.”可知，此处说的是二氧化碳进入大气层像个“毯子”一样，对地球的影响，选项F“结果，热量无法散失，温度升高。”符合，故选F。
3. 根据“The influence of gases on the Earth’s climate was first examined in the 1820s. Eunice Foote, a scientist, tested the effects of sunlight on different gases.”可知，此处应是说研究的结果，选项E“她发现二氧化碳捕集器比其他气体更热。”符合，故选E。
4. 根据“The UN recommends using more energy-saving electrical equipment at home. Also, if you wash your clothes at 5° instead of a higher temperature, less electricity is used.”可知，此处应是说要做一些事情减少温室效应，选项D“我们可以做些什么来减少温室效应。”符合，故选D。
5. 根据“We only have one planet.”以及“Even if we find one in the future, people present can’t wait until that day.”可知，此处应是说要保护地球，选项A“让我们试着照顾它。”符合，故选A。
Passage 5（24-25·深圳·期中）
As we move forward in the modern world, technology is changing everything we do. One
exciting part of this change is Artificial Intelligence, or AI for short. 1
Following Certain Rules
When you use AI, you need to make sure that you use it safely and responsibly. 2 As students, you should know these rules and make sure you follow them when using AI.
Working with AI, Not Just Using It
AI can help a lot, but remember, it’s there to help you instead of doing everything for you. Work with AI as a friend that gives you a hand when you need it, but don’t just let it do all the thinking for you. 3
Using AI for Schoolwork
AI can be a great helper in school. It can make learning more fun by giving you lessons that fit just for you and helping you right away when you have questions. 4
To sum up, using AI can be really helpful for doing things more easily. 5 And the way you use AI now can make a difference to the world in the future. So, it’s important to know how to use it correctly.
A. For example. AI can help with homework and research projects.
B. As students, you are the ones who will use this technology.
C. Therefore, using AI for learning can make your school life easier.
D. Although it is good to use AI, your own ideas and creativity are important too.
E. This includes protecting your personal information and respecting others’ privacy.
F. Here are some tips for students on now to use AI properly.
【答案】1. F 2. E 3. D 4. C 5. B
【知识点】科学技术、意见/建议
【解析】本文主要讲述了如何正确地使用人工智能。
1. 根据“Following Certain Rules”可知，后文是在介绍如何正确使用人工智能，因此空处是引出下文的句子，选项F“以下是学生现在如何正确使用人工智能的一些提示。”符合语境。故选F。
2. 根据“When you use AI, you need to make sure that you use it safely and responsibly.”可知，使用人工智能时，需要确保安全地，负责任地使用，选项E“这包括保护你的个人信息和尊重他人的隐私。”符合语境。故选E。
3. 根据“but don’t just let it do all the thinking for you.”可知，强调不要完全依赖人工智能，选项D“虽然使用人工智能很好，但你自己的想法和创造力也很重要。”符合语境。故选D。
4. 根据“It can make learning more fun by giving you lessons that fit just for you and helping you right away when you have questions.”可知，人工智能有助于学习，选项C“因此，使用人工智能进行学习可以使你的学校生活更加轻松。”符合语境。故选C。
5. 根据“And the way you use AI now can make a difference to the world in the future.”可知，此处应是强调学生是未来使用人工智能的人群，选项B“作为学生，你们将是使用这种技术的人。”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 6（24-25·广州·期中）
When you’re dealing with a stressful situation or experiencing a hard time, people in your life can help you. When someone who cares knows what you’re going through, it helps you feel understood and not so alone. 1
Problems seem smaller when you talk about them with the right person. You can do better and find out solutions more easily when you share your problems.
There are lots of different ways to get and give help. 2 Sometimes you just need advice on things. Help can be very easy, like a homework project, or it can go on for a while, like teaching to bring up a failing grade or advising to solve a difficult personal situation.
It’s likely you remember times someone helped you. 3 Friends helped you get through sadness or deal with disappointment. Teachers might have guided you through the college application process (大学申请). 4 You might give a hand to your classmate who met difficulty.
Friends, parents, teachers and other adults can be great resources when you need help. There are also times when you need the extra help that a professional person can provide best. Doctors can offer specialized help for a health problem. 5
A. Parents taught you to stop a bad habit.
B. Sometimes you just want to hear an encouraging word.
C. Turn to the professional people for help when you need.
D. And you can also remember times when you helped others.
E. Having a right person means a lot.
【答案】1. E 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C
【知识点】方法/策略、合作与交流
【解析】本文介绍了身边有一个关心你、帮助你、照顾你的人是很重要的，有很多方法可以让你获得帮助，有时你想听一些鼓励的话，有时你需要一些建议，有时你需要别人的安慰。
1. 根据前文“When someone who cares knows what you’re going through, it helps you feel understood and not so alone.”（当一个关心你的人知道你在经历什么时，他会帮助你被理解，而不会让你那么孤独）可知说的是合适的人，选项E“拥有一个合适的人很重要”符合语境，故选E。
2. 根据前文“There are lots of different ways to get and give help”（有很多不同的方法来获得和给予帮助）可知说的是给与帮助，选项B“有时候你只是想听一个鼓励的词”符合语境，故选B。
3. 根据前文“It’s likely you remember times someone helped you”（你可能记得有人帮助过你）和后文“Friends helped you get through sadness or deal with disappointment”（朋友帮你度过悲伤或面对失望）可知说的是帮助后的改变，选项A“父母教你改掉坏习惯”符合语境，故选A。
4. 根据后文“You might give a hand to your classmate who met difficulty”（你可能会帮助遇到困难的同学）可知说的是帮助别人，选项D“你还记得你什么时候帮助过别人”符合语境，故选D。
5. 根据前文“Doctors can offer specialized help for a health problem”（医生可以为你的健康问题提供专门的帮助）可知说的是专业人士，选项C“你需要帮助的时候，求助于专业人士”符合语境，故选C。
Passage 7（24-25·深圳·期中）
Einstein made great contributions (贡献) to the world, and his sayings are still remembered by people today.
1
“If you can’t explain it to a six-year-old, you don’t understand it yourself.” The more complicated (复杂的) you make something seem, the more you do not understand the inner meaning of it. 2 Did they make the most complicated topics that you did not understand full of vocabulary or make them easier to understand by simplifying them
“I never think of the future. It comes soon enough.” 3 Don’t get yourself worried about the future as the plans you make new may not work in the future. What matters most is living today Do your best right now and do not worry about tomorrow.
“ 4 ” Imagination is very important. When you imagine something differently, you may begin to share it with others. People begin to see the world that you imagine. Together you can create new ideas and help each other. Take time to imagine something, and share your ideas with others.
“Only those who try the absurd (荒诞的事物) can achieve the impossible.” Sometimes it seems silly that you are taking risks. 5 When you go beyond what others think is reasonable, an amazing thing starts to happen.
A. Imagination is the highest form of research.
B. Here is people’s understanding of some of them.
C. It’s important to be modest and learn from others.
D. Actually, you may be able to achieve the impossible.
E. Think about the best teachers that you have had in your life.
F. You are only certain about the moment that you have right now.
【答案】1. B 2. E 3. F 4. A 5. D
【知识点】哲理感悟
【解析】本文讲述了爱因斯坦的著名言论，以及人们对这些言论的理解，这些言论强调了简化复杂事物、专注当下、想象力以及大胆尝试的重要性。
1. 根据“…his sayings are still remembered by people today.”可知，这里作者要接着介绍爱因斯坦的说法。选项B“这里是人们对其中一些的理解”符合语境。故选B。
2. 根据“Did they make the most complicated topics that you did not understand full of vocabulary…”可知，这里询问你生活中遇到的最好的老师是如何解释复杂的东西的，选项E的“想想你生命中遇到的最好的老师”符合语境，故选E。
3. 根据“Don’t get yourself worried about the future as the plans you make now may not work in the future.”可知，是说不要为未来担忧，因此真实的只有此刻。选项F“你只有当下这一时刻是确定的”符合语境。故选F。
4. 根据“Imagination is very important…”及其后文的解释可知，这一段主要在讲想象力的重要性。选项A“想象力是最高级的研究形式”符合语境。故选A。
5. 根据“Sometimes it seems silly that you are taking risks.”可知，这里强调的是通过接受看似荒诞的事物可能实现不可能的事情。选项D“事实上，你可能会实现不可能的事情”符合语境，故选D。
Passage 8（24-25·广州·期中）
Charlotte’s Web(夏洛特的网)is a popular children’s novel. It was written by Elwyn Brooks White. And it talks about the deep friendship between Wilbur the pig and Charlotte the spider. 1
Wilbur was taken good care of by his little owner in a barn(谷仓). Wilbur ate and drank all day and felt very happy. He also met a good friend---Charlotte the spider. However, when the weather cooled down, he was going to become a dish on people’s tables. Charlotte, Wilbur’s friend, was sad about that. 2
At first, Charlotte didn’t have any plans. But she kept thinking every day when she worked on her web. Finally, smart Charlotte came up with a wonderful idea. She wove(织)a big web above the pen( 猪 圈 )and wrote the message “Some Pig”. This made Wilbur a famous pig, and many people came to visit him. 3 Not only did he not get killed, but his owner also decided to look after him well for the rest of his life.However, Charlotte’s life was coming to an end.
Before Charlotte died, she said to Wilbur, “You’ve been my friend. A spider’s life is in a mess with all this catching and eating flies. 4 .
Charlotte left behind an egg sac(卵囊). Wilbur took the egg sac back to the barn. 5 Three of them stayed with Wilbur and continued the friendship between Charlotte and Wilbur.
A. Wilbur’s life completely changed.
B. However, Charlotte could do nothing.
C. She decided to do something to help her good friend.
D. It teaches children about love, friendship, life and death.
E. By helping you, perhaps I was trying to make my life meaningful.
F. In the spring of the following year, little spiders came out one by one.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. E 5. F
【知识点】寓言童话、友谊、文学名著
【解析】本文讲述了小猪威尔伯和蜘蛛夏洛特之间深厚的友谊。
1. 根据“And it talks about the deep friendship between Wilbur the pig and Charlotte the spider.”可知，描述小说是关于小猪威尔伯和蜘蛛夏洛特的友谊，下文应该是谈小说对孩子影响。D选项“它教会孩子们关于爱、友谊、生与死的知识。”符合情境。故选D。
2. 根据“Charlotte, Wilbur’s friend, was sad about that.”及“At first, Charlotte didn’t have any plans.”可知，夏洛特对此很悲伤，他要帮助威尔伯，开始的时候，暂时没有计划。C选项“她决定做点什么来帮助她的好朋友。”符合情境。故选C。
3. 根据“This made Wilbur a famous pig, and many people came to visit him.”可知，这使得威尔伯成为一只著名的猪，许多人前来参观他，这样使他的生活改变了。A选项“威尔伯的生活彻底改变了。”符合情境。故选A。
4. 根据“You’ve been my friend. A spider’s life is in a mess with all this catching and eating flies.”可知，蜘蛛本来的生活因捕捉和吃苍蝇而变得一团糟。但是通过帮助别人，使自己的生活有意义了。E选项“通过帮助你，也许我正在努力让我的生活变得有意义。”符合情境。故选E。
5. 根据“Charlotte left behind an egg sac. Wilbur took the egg sac back to the barn.”夏洛特留下了一个卵囊。威尔伯把卵囊带回谷仓。带回卵囊的目的就是要小蜘蛛的出生。F选项“第二年春天，小蜘蛛一只又一只地出来了。”符合情境。故选F。
Passage 9（24-25·深圳·期中）
Cotton or plastic: which kind of bag is better for the environment Many of us would naturally say that the cotton bag is the best, but that might only be true if you use that bag thousands of times. 1
There is no doubt that plastic is harmful to the environment in many ways. 2 Thrown-away plastic can sit and stay for centuries, or can pollute the sea, causing harm to wildlife and breaking down into polluting micro plastics.
Because of these factors (因素), many people-are looking for ways to reduce their plastic use. However, it’s not as easy as they think. 3 It’s certainly more biodegradable (可降解) than plastic, but this might be only advantage. The production of cotton requires far more energy, water and so on. As the bags are heavier, transporting them will lead to higher carbon emissions (碳排放). An article from Columbia University suggests that cotton shopping bags need to be used over 7,000 times before they are more valuable than plastic ones.
4 Lightweight plastic in cars and planes help reduce oil use and emissions. If we didn’t use so much plastic in clothing and shoes, we need plenty of land, water and other things for enough natural products.
Plastic lasts for centuries. This is the reason why it is harmful to the environment, but it also means it can be used to make things that can be re-used again and again. 5 Plastic can cause serious harm to the environment, and efforts to throw less of it away can reduce this. Re-using it more could be one way to achieve this.
A. Let’s see our cotton bag.
B. The problem is that we often don’t.
C. Surprised Keep on and we’ll explain.
D. Do you wonder which should be better
E. It’s not just about cotton bags for shopping.
F. Producing it can cause harmful gas into the air.
【答案】1. C 2. F 3. A 4. E 5. B
【知识点】科普知识、环境保护
【解析】本文主要就塑料和棉布哪一种材质更环保进行了讨论。
1. 根据上句“Many of us would naturally say that the cotton bag is the best, but that might only be true if you use that bag thousands of times.”及结合后文内容可知，此处可能是解释棉布袋其实没有我们想象中的那么环保，选项C“惊讶吗？继续，我们接下来会解释的。”符合语境。故选C。
2. 根据上句“There is no doubt that plastic is harmful to the environment in many ways.”可知，塑料在很多方面对环境有害，选项F“生产它会导致有害气体进入空气。”符合语境。故选F。
3. 根据下句“It’s certainly more biodegradable (可降解) than plastic, but this might be only advantage.”可知，此处提到了棉布袋，选项A“让我们看看我们的棉布袋。”符合语境。故选A。
4. 根据上文“An article from Columbia University suggests that cotton shopping bags need to be used over 7,000 times before they are more valuable than plastic ones.”可知，哥伦比亚大学的一篇文章表明，棉质购物袋需要使用 7000次以上，才能比塑料购物袋更有价值，因此本段继续介绍相对于棉布袋而言，使用塑料在其他方面的优点，选项E“这并不仅仅关乎购物时使用的棉布袋。”符合语境。故选E。
5. 根据上文“This is the reason why it is harmful to the environment, but it also means it can be used to make things that can be re-used again and again.”及后文可知，此处解释虽然塑料需要很多年才会被降解，对环境有害，但是它可以被制造称反复使用的东西，是值得利用的材料的原因，选项B“问题是我们经常不这样做。”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 10（24-25·深圳·期中）
Whether it’s changing jobs, taking care of a sick parent, or moving to a new place, disruptions (混乱) in life can make it hard to maintain moment-by-moment focus and well-being (健康). Long-term goals remain important, but long-term focus can be hard. Daily or weekly habits supporting your long-term goals can keep you on track even when it’s hard to think ahead.
1
The first is personal reflection (反思). This can mean keeping diaries, documenting the funny things our friends say, and recording what we are thankful for a few times per week. 2
Second, we need time for professional reflection. For example, you may sit down on a Sunday night and write down the most important to-dos in the coming week. 3 Instead, it directs your focus to what’s most important. Simple, daily or weekly reflection can make a meaningful difference in productivity and focus.
A third area is building and maintaining relationships. It’s important to manage our relationships well. For us, right now, the primary relationships are with our parents and teachers. 4 These sound like small things, but they matter a lot.
Finally, we all need to form good habits that encourage physical and mental health. Studies show that people who get at least two days of exercise per week are happier. 5
A. We also need to try making some time to spend with a friend or two.
B. Similarly, as little as 20 minutes of exercise can boost mood as well.
C. This helps you focus on not simply what’s most visible or immediate.
D. When setting these habits, focus on the following four areas.
E. Everyone’s life looks different, but we all feel busy and stressful sometimes.
F. Such practices can help us better enjoy life events and remain joyful.
【答案】1. D 2. F 3. C 4. A 5. B
【知识点】意见/建议
【解析】本文主要介绍了在养成习惯的同时，需要重点关注的几个方面。
1. 根据下句“Daily or weekly habits supporting your long-term goals can keep you on track even when it’s hard to think ahead.”可知，支持长期目标的每日或每周习惯可以让人保持正轨。选项D“在养成这些习惯时，要重点关注以下四个方面。”符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据上句“This can mean keeping diaries, documenting the funny things our friends say, and recording what we are thankful for a few times per week.”可知，个人反思可能意味着每周写几次日记，记录朋友说的有趣的话，并记录值得感激的事情。选项F“这些做法可以帮助我们更好地享受生活并保持快乐。”符合语境。故选F。
3. 根据上句“For example, you may sit down on a Sunday night and write down the most important to-dos in the coming week.”可知，可以在周日晚写下周最重要的待办事项；根据下句“Instead, it directs your focus to what’s most important.”可知，专业反思还会将注意力引导到最重要的事情上。选项C“这可以帮助你不仅仅关注最明显或最直接的事情。”符合语境。故选C。
4. 根据上句“For us, right now, the primary relationships are with our parents and teachers.”可知，主要的关系是与父母和老师的关系，接下来应该是和朋友一起。选项A“我们还需要尝试腾出一些时间与一两个朋友共度时光。”符合语境。故选A。
5. 根据上句“Studies show that people who get at least two days of exercise per week are happier.”可知，每周至少锻炼两天的人会更快乐。选项B“同样，短短20分钟的锻炼也能改善情绪。”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 11（24-25·深圳·期中）
Do you ever find yourself getting really unhappy for almost no reason Or suddenly feeling down without knowing why 1
An important cause for mood（情绪）changes is biology. When puberty（青春期）begins, the body starts producing hormones （荷尔蒙）. These hormones cause physical changes in the body. 2
Here are some things you can do that might make those bad moods a bit easier to deal with.
3 Although not every teen experiences mood changes to the some degree, they are common.
Talk to people you trust. Friends can help each other by realizing that they are not alone in their feelings. Talking to parents is important, too. Parents can share their own experiences dealing with bad moods. 4 And a doctor can help to answer questions about development.
Get enough sleep. Though it can be hard to find enough time, getting enough rest is very important. 5
Create. Taking part in some kinds of activities like building something out of wood or starting an art of music piece. Writing can help you organize and express your thoughts and feelings. Get your thoughts on paper. Do the same thing with paint, music or other art forms. Put your feelings into your art work.
A. But at the same time, they also seem to cause mood changes.
B. Taking part in some kinds of activities.
C. Remember you’re not alone.
D. Teachers are often good resources.
E. But why is the feeling so common among teens
F. Being tired can lead to more sadness.
【答案】1. E 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. F
【知识点】情绪、青少年问题、意见/建议
【解析】本文主要讲述了当青春期开始的时候，身体分泌荷尔蒙，这些激素引起了青少年身体以及情绪的变化，以及对如何调整自己的情绪提出了几点建议。
1. 根据上文“Do you ever find yourself getting really unhappy for almost no reason Or suddenly feeling down without knowing why ”可知，你有没有发现自己无缘无故地变得很不开心？或者突然情绪低落而不知道为什么？这是在说自己无缘无故情绪变化的这种现象。选项E“但为什么这种感觉在青少年中如此普遍呢？”符合语境。故选E。
2. 根据前一句“These hormones cause physical changes in the body.”可知，这些激素会引起身体的生理变化。这是在说激素对身体生理的作用。选项A“但与此同时，它们似乎也会引起情绪变化。”符合语境。故选A。
3. 根据后文“Although not every teen experiences mood changes to the some degree, they are common.”可知，尽管并不是每个青少年都会经历某种程度的情绪变化，它们很常见。这是在说，情绪变化是很常见的现象。选项C“请记得你并不孤单”符合语境。故选C。
4. 根据前文“Talk to people you trust. Friends can help each other by realizing that they are not alone in their feelings. Talking to parents is important, too. Parents can share their own experiences dealing with bad moods.”可知，与你信任的人交谈。朋友们可以通过意识到他们在他们的感情中并不孤单来互相帮助。与父母交谈也很重要。父母可以分享他们自己处理坏情绪的经验。这是在说要与信任的人交谈。选项D“教师往往是很好的资源。”符合语境。故选D。
5. 根据上文“Though it can be hard to find enough time, getting enough rest is very important.”可知，虽然很难找到足够的时间，但得到足够的休息是非常重要的。这是在说休息的重要性。选项F“疲劳会导致更多的悲伤。”符合语境。故选F。
Passage 12（24-25·深圳·期中）
The main thing about studying well is to study smartly. But studying smartly doesn’t mean staying up all night before an exam. 1 Besides this, here are other ways of studying smartly.
2 Actually, making links between what you are studying and your everyday life is not always easy. However, this is a skill that you can improve over time. You can spend some time using your imagination to build links between what you’re studying and your life.
Rewrite your notes. You can rewrite your notes by adding more information to the notes that you have taken during the class. 3 This is a good way to study because it requires you to think while you are rewriting your notes.
Plan your study time. Different people like to work and read at different parts of a day. Try to find out when you’re most productive. Some students study more effectively in the morning, while some may find it more beneficial (有益的) to study at night. 4
Have a good space to study. You need a desk or a table with enough space. Besides, you will also need good lighting. Students often say that listening to music, having the TV on, or keeping their phone out helps. 5 So you’d better study in a quieter space.
A. Instead, it requires preparation ahead of time.
B. Create connections with what you are studying.
C. It all depends on your schedule and habits.
D. Please remember not to just write down your notes mindlessly.
E. But these things can take your attention away from study.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. E
【知识点】方法/策略、学习策略
【解析】本文主要介绍了几种聪明学习的方法。
1. 根据“But studying smartly doesn’t mean staying up all night before an exam.”可知，聪明地学习并不意味着在考试前通宵达旦，此处应介绍如何是真正的聪明学习，选项A“相反，它需要提前准备。”符合语境，故选A。
2. 根据“Actually, making links between what you are studying and your everyday life is not always easy.”可知，此处讲的是把学习和日常生活联系起来，选项B“与你正在学习的东西建立联系。”符合语境，故选B。
3. 根据“You can rewrite your notes by adding more information to the notes that you have taken during the class.”可知，此处与记笔记有关，选项D“请记住不要盲目地写下你的笔记。”符合语境，故选D。
4. 根据“Some students study more effectively in the morning, while some may find it more beneficial (有益的) to study at night.”可知，此处介绍了不同的人喜欢学习的时间不同，选项C“这完全取决于你的日程安排和习惯。”符合语境，故选C。
5. 根据“Students often say that listening to music, having the TV on, or keeping their phone out helps.…So you’d better study in a quieter space.”可知，此处介绍了不利于学习的环境，选项E“但是这些事情会分散你学习的注意力。”符合语境，故选E。
Passage13（24-25·深圳·期中）
Tai chi, an ancient Chinese martial art, has become widely known. It combines slow, graceful movements with deep breathing and mental focus. 1
At the Olympics, there have been efforts to introduce traditional Chinese martial arts like tai chi as display sports. This is because it is a wonderful way to show the rich cultural heritage of China. Since tai chi originated in China, Chinese athletes often have a deeper understanding and better mastery of it. 2 . Athletes from different countries have shown great interest in learning tai chi.
Many people believe that practicing tai chi can improve physical health and mental well- being. It helps to reduce stress, increase flexibility, and enhance balance. 3 They are gradually realizing that it is a way to explore and appreciate the ancient wisdom of China.
4 Some people think that it is too slow-paced compared to other sports. But its benefits cannot be ignored, and it has the potential to attract a wider audience. Supporters argue that its unique qualities make it a valuable addition to the Olympic program.
Experts suggest that more efforts should be made to help tai chi become popular both at home and abroad.
5
A. However, promoting tai chi at the Olympics also faces some challenges.
B. This can include organizing workshops and demonstrations at Olympic venues.
C. At first, people around the world just watch tai chi performances without fully understanding its depth.
D. The practice of tai chi can produce a sense of inner peace and harmony.
E. This makes Chinese athletes stand out in the field of tai chi, and it also inspires others to learn.
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. C 4. A 5. B
【知识点】国际赛事、中华文化
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了太极拳这一古老中国武术的特点、在奥运会推广的意义及面临的挑战，还阐述了其对身心健康的益处、人们对它的认识转变，以及专家关于推广太极拳的建议。
1. 根据前文“It combines slow, graceful movements with deep breathing and mental focus”可知，开篇介绍了太极的优点，选项D“练习太极拳可以产生内心的平静与和谐感。”符合语境，故选D。
2. 根据前文“Since tai chi originated in China, Chinese athletes often have a deeper understanding and better mastery of it.”可知，中国运动员对太极理解和掌握更好，设空处应是说明这带来的结果。选项E“这使得中国运动员在太极领域脱颖而出，也激励其他人去学习。”符合语境，故选E。
3. 根据后文“They are gradually realizing that it is a way to explore and appreciate the ancient wisdom of China.”可知，人们逐渐认识到了太极在身心健康方面的好处，所以设空处表示最开始人们并不了解太极的内涵。选项C“起初，世界各地的人们只是观看太极拳表演，而没有完全理解其内涵。”符合语境，故选C。
4. 根据后文“Some people think that it is too slow-paced compared to other sports. But its benefits cannot be ignored, and it has the potential to attract a wider audience.”可知，提到了推广太极面临的一些看法和问题，设空处应是引出这些内容。选项A“然而，在奥运会上推广太极也面临一些挑战。”符合语境，故选A。
5. 根据前文“Experts suggest that more efforts should be made to help tai chi become popular both at home and abroad.”可知，专家建议努力让太极在国内外流行，设空处应是关于具体的努力措施。选项B“这可以包括在奥运场馆组织工作坊和示范活动。”符合语境，故选B。
Passage 14（24-25·深圳·期中）
Family is warm and full of love. With a family, people are sure to have a place to return to and can overcome difficulties and move forward bravely.
My name is Linda. I have a big family and I love my family. 1
Before I went into college, I always did what my parents told me to do. I ate the food that my parents told me to eat. I wore the clothes my parents bought for me. 2 But I wished to do these things on my own one day. Well, that day finally came!
When I started my first year of college, I was allowed to rent (租) an apartment near my school. 3 I decorated (装饰) the rooms the way I liked. I bought food that I liked. I felt excited!
But a few days later, I felt like something was missing, and I couldn’t find out what it was. So I called some friends over and we had a party. 4 Why was I feeling sad What was my problem
5 I opened the door. My whole family were standing there. They were brothers and cousins, aunts and uncles, and of course, my mother and father. They surprised me with a party. When the party was over, I realized that I was homesick. After that party, I visited my family once a week.
A. But I still felt a little unhappy.
B. However, sometimes I want my own place.
C. It was about two miles away from my parents’ house.
D. And I did the things that my parents wanted me to do.
E. While I was sitting on the sofa and thinking of the reasons, the doorbell rang.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. E
【知识点】家人和亲人
【解析】本文主要讲述了作者从依赖家庭到独立生活的转变，以及最终意识到家庭重要性的心路历程。
1. 根据“I have a big family and I love my family.”可知，我有一个大的家庭，我爱我的家人，空处应表示转折，表达想要有属于自己的地方，选项B“然而，有时候我也想拥有属于自己的地方。”符合语境。故选B。
2. 根据“I ate the food that my parents told me to eat. I wore the clothes my parents bought for me.”可知，我总是听从父母的安排，选项D“我做了父母想要我去做的事情。”符合语境。故选D。
3. 根据“When I started my first year of college, I was allowed to rent (租) an apartment near my school.”可知，此处是介绍自己租的房子，选项C“它离我父母的房子大约有两英里远。”符合语境。故选C。
4. 根据“So I called some friends over and we had a party.”及“Why was I feeling sad What was my problem ”可知，虽然举办了聚会，但作者还是感到不开心。选项A“但我还是感到有点不开心。”符合语境。故选A。
5. 根据“I opened the door.”可知，是听到门铃响了才去打开门，选项E“当我正坐在沙发上思考原因时，门铃响了。”符合语境。故选E。
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