2026届高考英语二轮复习：五种基本句型 there be 课件(共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
五种基本句型
宾
主
宾补、主补
谓
表
同
定
状
八种句子成分
基本成分
修饰成分
基本句型一：Ｓ+ Ｖ+ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
You are my sunshine.
基本句型二：Ｓ+Ｖ （主＋谓）
She smiled.
基本句型三： Ｓ+ Ｖ+ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
I love/hate you.
She smiled at me.
基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ+ IO +DＯ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
His father bought him a cake.
基本句型五： Ｓ+Ｖ+ Ｏ+ C （主＋谓＋间宾＋宾补）
We call President Xi Xidada.
英语五种基本句型：
人
物
系动词
不及物动词，无被动语态
1. 及物动词
2. 不及物动词+介词
Let’s enjoy a story about the monkey and the dog.
5 basic sentence patterns in English
1. SVO
subject
verb
object
The monkey beat the dog.
I will make many friends.
I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment.
We could put up signs.
两种情况：及物动词+宾语
不及物动词+介词宾语
5 basic sentence patterns in English
2. SV(主+不及物动词)
subject
verb
The dog cried.
Nobody left.
You must stay.
不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语等
说出下列句子（主句）中的谓语是否及物动词，并判断宾语的性质。
1. Tom has a brother. ____________
2. They wanted to have a rest. ____________
3. I have some crayons. ____________
4. I am looking for a blue skirt. ____________
5. I enjoy reading. ____________
6. I know who discovered the America._________
7. We will talk about what will happen in the future. _______
及物动词(vt.)，名词作宾语
及物动词vt.，不定式作宾语
及物动词(vt.)，名词作宾语
及物动词vt.，动名词作宾语
及物动词vt.，从句作宾语
不及物动词vi+ 介词.，从句作宾语
不及物 vi.+介词，名词作宾语
5 basic sentence patterns in English
3. SVOC (主+谓+宾+宾补)
subject
verb
object
The monkey made the dog upset.
object complement
He found the picture pretty.
I regard him as my best friend.
补语的作用是使句子意思完整。
5 basic sentence patterns in English
4. S V IO DC (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
subject
verb
IO
The monkey gave the dog a hug.
DO
人是间接宾语，物是直接宾语
My sister wrote me a letter.
My mother bought me a watch.
Her mother made her a cake.
1.动词+sb+sth
2.动词+sth+to/for(get/buy/make) sb
→ My sister wrote a letter to me.
→ My mother bought a watch for me.
→ Her mother made a cake for her.
* 用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人
give, show, send, bring, offer, lend, hand, pass, post, take, throw等。
* 用for侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人
make, buy, do, cook, sing, order, book(预定), keep, save等。
5 basic sentence patterns in English
5. SVP(主+系+表)
subject
verb
The dog was happy.
predictive
5 basic sentence patterns in English
系动词Linking Verb
1. 状态 be动词（am/is/are）
2. 感官 look, taste, feel, smell, sound
3. 变化 grow, go, get, become, turn
4. 持续 keep, stay, remain
5. 证明 prove
6. 好像 seem, appear
I am happy.
The day turns short.
She always stays calm when facing danger
The news proves wrong.
He seems ill.
The oranges smell delicious.
注意：stay 意为“停留/待 ”时为实义动词，而不是系动词
He usually stays at home on Sunday. 主 + 状 + 谓 + 宾 + 状
系动词没有被动语态
巩固练习
练习：判断下列句子的句型并翻译句子
He smiled.
Her dream has come true.
This video made me sad.
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed.
All the tourists seemed happy.
She is in good health.
SV
SV
SVOC
SVOC
SVP
SVP
宾语补足语
主语补足语
练习：判断下列句子的句型并翻译
Someone left you this note.
She always keeps her room clean.
I live in Beijing.
My brother has become a famous writer.
I want a cup of coffee.
We elected him president.
SVOO
SVOC
SVA
SVP
SVO
SVOC
英语造句法则 ——主动宾，方地时
翻译：我昨天和Bob在电影院看了电影《孤注一掷》（No More Bets.）
主干：我看了电影。
补充/解释：我看了电影《孤注一掷》。
加方式：我和Bob看了电影《孤注一掷》
加地点：我和Bob在电影院看了电影《孤注一掷》
I saw a film.
I saw the film No More Bets.
I saw the film No More Bets with Bob.
I saw the film No More Bets with Bob at the cinema yesterday.
I saw the film No More Bets with Bob at the cinema.
加时间：我昨天和Bob在电影院看了电影《孤注一掷》
翻译句子
我们学校于都三中将于下周在操场上举行校运会。
2. 这场洪水已经冲毁（destroy）了许多房子。
3. 她把真相（truth）告诉了我。
4. 我听见了鸟儿在唱歌。
Our school NO.3 Experimental Middle School will hold a school sport meeting on the playground next week.
The flood has destroyed many houses.
She told me the truth.= She told the truth to me.
I heard the birds singing.
翻译句子
1. 听起来很有趣。
2. 信在信封里。
3. 你无法赢的原因是你的信念（faith）太弱了。（The reason why… is that…)
4. 只要你说，我会竭尽所能给你。
It sounds interesting.
The letter is in the envelope.
The reason why you cannot win is that your faith is too weak.
If you ask, I will give you all I have.
There be sentence patterns in English
There was a temple in the forest.
I had a garden in the forest.
She has some money.
There is some money in the purse.
There be + 主语+其他
强调“存在”关系
某时、某地存在…
主语 + have/has + 其他
强调“所属”关系
某人/某物有…
There are many flowers in the garden.
The monkeys have a garden with many flowers.
英语中的“有”
There be sentence patterns in English
There is an apple and two oranges on the table.
There are some trees in my school.
There is some water in the bottle.
There are two oranges and an apple on the table.
观察以下句子，你发现了什么？
There be句型遵循就近原则
be的形式取决于最近的主语
There is + n.单/n.不可数
There are + n.可数复数
There is a tree in my school.
There be sentence patterns in English
一般现在：There is/are…
一般将来：There will be…
There is/are going to be…
一般过去：There was/were…
There be肯定句的时态变化
There is a beautiful lake near my home.
There was a beautiful lake near my home in the past.
There will be (is going to be) a lake near my home in the future.
Exercise
There (be) many tall buildings in Shanghai.
There (be) a football match in our school tomorrow.
There (be) a football match in our school yesterday.
There (be) some tea in the cup.
There (be) a picture and a clock on the wall in the past.
There (be) two pictures and a clock on the wall in the past.
There (be) a picture and two clocks on the wall in the past.
are/were
will be
was
is/was
was
were
was
Exercise
用There be 句型翻译以下句子。
于都实验三中（No.3 Experimental Middle School of Yudu)有1000多位老师。
我们学校前两周举行了校运会。
我的书包里有一本英语书和两本字典。
There are more than 1000 teachers in No.3 Experimental Middle School of Yudu.
There was a sport meeting in our school last two weeks.
There is an English book and two dictionaries in my schoolbag.
Exercise
翻译：我弟弟昨天晚上在火车上看到了一只黑猪跟着一只鸟飞。
主干：我弟弟看到了一只猪。
补充/解释：我弟弟看到了一只黑猪在飞。
加方式：我弟弟看到了一只黑猪跟着一只鸟飞。
加地点：我在火车上看到了一只黑猪在飞。
My brother saw a pig.
My brother saw a dark pig flying.
My brother saw a dark pig flying with a bird.
My brother saw a dark pig flying with a bird on the train last night.
My brother saw a dark pig flying with a bird on the train.
加时间：我昨天晚上在火车上看到了一只黑猪在飞。