2026届湖北省武汉市部分高中高三上学期九月调研考试英语试题阅读-语法课件(共34张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2026届湖北省武汉市部分高中高三上学期九月调研考试英语试题阅读-语法课件(共34张PPT) |  | |
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(共34张PPT)
2509 湖北省武汉九月份调研
阅读-语法 详解
Passage A
语篇类型：说明文
主题语境：人与社会
话题：本文主要介绍了四个不同的写作比赛，为有意参与的写作者提供详细的参赛信息。
21.Which contest is most suitable for a 490-word sci-fi story
A.TRAVEL TALES. B.CROSS-GENERATION FRIENDS. C.GRAND FLASH 2025. D.NATURAL WORLD.
22. How much should a non-subscriber pay at least to enter 2 contests
A. 7.50. B. 12. C. 15. D. 18.50.
23.What distinguishes NATURAL WORLD from other contests
A. It closes later than others. B. It accepts non-fiction entries.
C. It offers highest runner-up prize. D. It appeals to professional writers.
√
√
√
重要词汇和短语
be suitable for 适合于
distinguish v.区分；辨别出；使有别于→distinguished adj. 卓越的；杰出的；著名的；尊贵的
narrativenon-fiction entries 叙事性非虚构小说
pose fiction 散文小说
sci-fi = science fiction 科幻小说
appeal to 呼吁；吸引；上诉
professional adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专家
bridge the generational gap 消除代沟
the runner up 亚军
entry fee 入场费；报名费；参赛费
closing date 截止日期
subscribe v. 订阅；订购；申购→subscription n.订阅；订购；订阅费→subscriber n. 订阅者；订购人；用户
Passage B
语篇类型：记叙文
主题语境：人与社会
话题：本文主要介绍了应急规划师Lucy Easthope 的工作及公众对其工作认知的变化，同时描述了他从幕后专家走向公众人物的变化过程，以及她通过著书向公众传递应对灾难的知识和智慧。
At first sight, Easthope doesn't seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer.
Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.
“At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn't get those. What people wanted from me was know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn't I afraid How did I handle I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn't enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to distill(浓缩) all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.
While her publisher describesCome What May as a roadmap for resilience (韧性), the word is one Easthope dislikes. Ready, she suggests, is a better one. Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter. She encourages people to remember, not to forget, what happened during disasters, because such events leave a long-lasting effect.
P1 通过 “初印象与实际身份” 的对比引出人物，为后续介绍其工作铺垫
P2 说明公众对 Easthope 工作认知的 “转折点”，补充其职业认可度背景
P3 通过引用读者提问，揭示 Easthope 撰写第二本书的直接原因
P4 阐述 Easthope 对 “处理灾难” 的核心观点及对新书的定位
At first sight, Easthope doesn't seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer.
24.What might a Cassandra be like according to paragraph 1
A. Severe and forbidding.
B. Competent and cautious.
C. Friendly and energetic.
D. Cheerful and approachable.
解题核心思路：抓住 “对比逻辑”—— 原文通过 Easthope 的特质反推 “Cassandra” 的特质。
第一段明确提到 “At first sight, Easthope doesn't seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly”（Easthope 爱笑、亲切，不像 Cassandra），说明 “Cassandra” 的特质与 “爱笑、亲切” 相反；
A.严厉而令人生畏。
B.能干且谨慎。
C.友好，有活力
D.开朗，平易近人
√
Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.
25.What led to increased public awareness of Easthope’s work in 2023
A. The publication of a best seller. B. The growth of professional disaster circles.
C. Her involvement in 2004 tsunami relief. D. Her sudden rise to fame through media.
解题关键：定位 “2023 年” 时间点，找到对应的 “因果事件”；
核心线索：第二段明确表述 “But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did”（2023 年她出版畅销书，“这件事” 改变了现状，公众开始关注她的工作），其中 “that” 指代 “出版畅销书”；
√
26.Why are readers’ questions cited in paragraph 3
A. To reveal Easthope’s personal fears. B. To explain Easthope’s writing process.
C. To show Easthope’s writing motivation. D. To present public doubts about Easthope’s work.
“At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn't get those. What people wanted from me was know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn't I afraid How did I handle I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn't enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to distill(浓缩) all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.
解题关键：分析 “引用内容与后文结果的逻辑关系”—— 引用提问是为了引出 Easthope 的行动动机；
核心线索：第三段先引用读者的问题（“How did I handle ”“Wasn't I afraid ”），接着 Easthope 回应 “this wasn't enough（仅给建议不够）”，最终得出结论 “In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book（不得不写第二本书）”，可见引用问题是为了说明她写第二本书的动机；
【句子分析】In the end, she felt （表从）[she had no choice but to write （同位语）【a second book, one】 （定从）【in which she would try to distill(浓缩) all （定从）[that she has learned ]for the benefit of each individual.]】
【翻译】最后，她觉得自己别无选择，只能写第二本书，在这本书中，她将尝试提炼（浓缩）她所学到的一切，以帮助每个人。
√
While her publisher describes Come What May as a road map for resilience (韧性), the word is one Easthope dislikes. Ready, she suggests, is a better one. Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter. She encourages people to remember, not to forget, what happened during disasters, because such events leave a long-lasting effect.
27.What does Easthope agree on handling disasters
A. Resilience matters most. B. Forgetting aids recovery.
C. Positive thinking takes the lead. D. Minor sufferings deserve attention.
解题关键：提取 Easthope 的 “明确观点”，排除与原文矛盾或未提及的选项；
核心线索：第四段明确提到 “Easthope also reminds people that small things... still matter（Easthope 提醒人们，灾难中的小事也很重要）”，同时否定了 A（“resilience matters most”，她不喜欢 “韧性” 这个词）、B（“Forgetting aids recovery”，她鼓励 “remember, not to forget”），C（“Positive thinking takes the lead”，原文未提及 “积极思考”）；
√
重要词汇和短语
emergency planner 应急规划师
major disaster 重大灾难
best-selling book 畅销书
publish a book 出版书籍
public awareness 公众意识
behind the scenes 在幕后
professional circles 专业圈子
handle disasters 应对灾难（近义：deal with）
leave long-lasting effect 产生持久影响
vital work 重要工作
distill experience 浓缩经验
natural disaster 自然灾害
have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事
for the benefit of 为了…… 的利益；为了帮助……
survivor n. 幸存者
resilience n. 韧性；抗压力
tsunami n. 海啸
emergency n. 紧急情况；突发事件
recovery n. 恢复；康复
authority n. 权威；权威人士；官方机构
Passage C
语篇类型：说明文
主题语境：人与自然
话题：本文介绍了关于金心内部“干燥”的新研究，通过分析其火山喷发物证实尽心内部缺水，从而反驳了它曾经拥有海洋或适宜生命的气候的观点，并指出该发现将有助于天文学家最终排除金星适宜居住的可能性。
With a surface hot enough to melt lead in its atmosphere, Venus has been described as "Earth's evil twin"—similar in size, yet worlds apart. The question of whether Venus was ever habitable has long been a hot topic among scientists. Some astronomers believe the planet was once much more hospitable, but a recent research by Tereza Constantinou, a PhD student from the University of Cambridge, has now dealt a blow to the idea that it ever hosted life as we know it.
Constantinou noted that early in the formation of Venus, the planet was covered in a vast sea of magma (岩浆). If this cooled quickly, water would form oceans or be trapped as it crystallised (结晶), meaning the planet's interior (内部) would be water-rich. As a result, water would be released when volcanoes erupt. "If you look at any photos of volcanism on Earth, you can see these large clouds coming out. Most of that is water," said Constantinou. But if the magma cooled slowly, water would have ended up as steam in the atmosphere. In this situation, water would not be trapped inside the interior of the planet.
Constantinou and his colleagues studied changes in the Venusian atmosphere to cast light on the water content of its interior. When they analyzed the amount of substances being refilled, they found very little water was being added. In other words, volcanic eruptions are “dry”. “The shortage of water in volcanic release reflects an equally dry Venusian interior,” said Constantinou. The team announced that their findings did not support the theory that Venus had surface oceans of water in its past, or a habitable climate.
Their conclusion could soon be tested. Later this decade, NASA is set to launch a mission to carry out fly-bys of Venus. Constantinou said resolving the question could help astronomers rule out Venus as a habitable planet now that the dry interior of Venus suggests it never has the oceans of liquid water traditionally thought necessary for life to begin.
P1 引出话题：指出新研究反驳了金星适宜居住的观点
P2 提出理论：金星早期岩浆海的冷却速度决定了其内部水是富裕还是短却
P3 具体发现：通过分析大气，证明金星火山喷发“干燥”，内部缺水，得出其从未有海洋或者从不适宜居住
P4 研究意义：结论将被NASA任务验证，并根据此排除金星适宜居住的可能
With a surface hot enough to melt lead in its atmosphere, Venus has been described as "Earth's evil twin"—similar in size, yet worlds apart. The question of whether Venus was ever habitable has long been a hot topic among scientists. Some astronomers believe the planet was once much more hospitable, but a recent research by Tereza Constantinou, a PhD student from the University of Cambridge, has now dealt a blow to the idea that it ever hosted life as we know it.
28.What is the finding of the recent research
A. Venus is Earth's identical twin. B. Venus sets the whole world apart.
C. Venus was unlikely to sustain life. D. Venus was more habitable than thought.
解题关键：定位 “最新研究结论”，排除与原文矛盾或无关的选项；
核心线索：第一段明确提到 “a recent research... has now dealt a blow to the idea that it ever hosted life as we know it”（最新研究对 “金星曾存在已知生命” 的观点造成打击），第三段进一步补充 “their findings did not support the theory that Venus had surface oceans of water in its past, or a habitable climate”（研究不支持金星过去有海洋或宜居气候），即 “金星不可能维持生命”；
选项匹配：C 选项 “Venus was unlikely to sustain life（金星不可能维持生命）” 直接对应结论；A（金星是地球的同卵双胞胎）与原文 “Earth's evil twin（邪恶双胞胎，环境差异大）” 矛盾；B（金星让世界与众不同）是对 “worlds apart” 的错误解读（原文指金星与地球差异大，非 “让世界不同”）；D（金星比想象中更宜居）与 “dealt a blow to the idea of hosting life” 完全相反。
√
Some astronomers believe 【the planet was once much more hospitable】宾语从句, but并列句 a recent research by Tereza Constantinou, 【a PhD student from the University of Cambridge】同位语, has now dealt a blow to the idea 【that it ever hosted life as we know it】同位语从句.
长难句分析
翻译：一些天文学家认为金星曾一度适宜生存，但剑桥大学博士生特雷莎·康斯坦丁诺的最新研究，却对“金星孕育过我们所知的生命”这一观点进行了沉重的打击（反驳）
Constantinou noted that early in the formation of Venus, the planet was covered in a vast sea of magma (岩浆). If this cooled quickly, water would form oceans or be trapped as it crystallised (结晶), meaning the planet's interior (内部) would be water-rich. As a result, water would be released when volcanoes erupt. "If you look at any photos of volcanism on Earth, you can see these large clouds coming out. Most of that is water," said Constantinou. But if the magma cooled slowly, water would have ended up as steam in the atmosphere. In this situation, water would not be trapped inside the interior of the planet.
29.What is paragraph 2 mainly talking about concerning the research
A. Its methods. B. Its procedures. C. Its potential impact. D. Its theoretical foundation.
解题关键：判断第二段内容的属性（方法 / 流程 / 影响 / 理论基础），抓住 “假设性逻辑”；
核心线索：第二段以 “Constantinou noted that early in the formation of Venus...” 开头，提出 “金星早期岩浆冷却速度影响内部含水量” 的假设（快速冷却→水分留存；缓慢冷却→水分流失），这是后续研究分析 “内部干燥” 的前提逻辑，属于 “理论基础”；
选项匹配：D 选项 “Its theoretical foundation（其理论基础）” 符合；A（研究方法）、B（研究流程）是第三段的内容（分析大气变化、火山喷发物质）；C（潜在影响）是第四段的内容（排除金星宜居性）。
√
30.How did Constantinou and his colleagues draw their conclusion
A. By analysing the changes of water content. B. By studying the properties of substances.
C. By investigating the components of water. D. By examining the differences of volcanoes.
Constantinou and his colleagues studied changes in the Venusian atmosphere to cast light on the water content of its interior. When they analyzed the amount of substances being refilled, they found very little water was being added. In other words, volcanic eruptions are “dry”. “The shortage of water in volcanic release reflects an equally dry Venusian interior,” said Constantinou. The team announced that their findings did not support the theory that Venus had surface oceans of water in its past, or a habitable climate.
√
解题关键：提取第三段中 “研究的具体操作与结论推导逻辑”；
核心线索：第三段明确表述 “Constantinou and his colleagues studied changes in the Venusian atmosphere to cast light on the water content of its interior. When they analyzed the amount of substances being refilled, they found very little water was being added... The shortage of water in volcanic release reflects an equally dry Venusian interior”（通过研究金星大气变化了解内部含水量，分析物质补充量发现几乎无水分，进而推断内部干燥），核心是 “分析含水量的变化（大气中水分补充量、火山喷发水分含量）”；
选项匹配：A 选项 “By analysing the changes of water content（通过分析含水量的变化）” 符合；B（研究物质属性）原文未提 “属性”，仅提 “物质补充量”；C（调查水的成分）原文未涉及 “水的成分”；D（研究火山差异）原文未对比不同火山的差异，仅关注火山喷发的 “干燥程度”。
Constantinou and his colleagues studied changes (介词短语)[in the Venusian atmosphere][ to cast light on the water content of its interior]（目的状语）. [When they analyzed the amount of substances being refilled]（时间状从）, they found （宾语从句）【very little water was being added】. In other words, volcanic eruptions are “dry”. “The shortage of water (介词短语)[in volcanic release] reflects an equally dry Venusian interior,” said Constantinou.
长难句分析
翻译：康斯坦丁努和他的同事们研究了金星大气的变化，以揭示其内部的水含量。当他们分析被重新填充的物质的数量时，他们发现添加的水非常少。换句话说，火山喷发是“干燥的”。“火山释放的水的短缺反映了金星内部同样干燥。
Their conclusion could soon be tested. Later this decade, NASA is set to launch a mission to carry out fly-bys of Venus. Constantinou said resolving the question could help astronomers rule out Venus as a habitable planet now that the dry interior of Venus suggests it never has the oceans of liquid water traditionally thought necessary for life to begin.
31.What can the finding be used to do according to Constantinou
A. Carry out more fly-bys. B. Identify upcoming threats.
C. Conduct Venus observations. D. Narrow down astronomers' search.
解题关键：定位第四段中 “Constantinou 对研究发现用途的表述”，抓住 “rule out” 的含义；
核心线索：第四段提到 “Constantinou said resolving the question could help astronomers rule out Venus as a habitable planet”（这一发现能帮助天文学家排除金星作为宜居行星的可能），“rule out” 意为 “排除”，即缩小天文学家对 “宜居行星” 的搜索范围（不用再重点研究金星）；
选项匹配：D 选项 “Narrow down astronomers' search（缩小天文学家的搜索范围）” 符合；A（进行更多飞掠探测）是 NASA 的计划，非 “发现的用途”；B（识别潜在威胁）原文未提及；C（进行金星观测）是验证结论的方式，非 “发现的用途”。
√
Constantinou said [resolving the question could help astronomers rule out Venus as a habitable planet]（宾语从句） [now that the dry interior of Venus suggests 【it never has the oceans of liquid water traditionally thought necessary for life to begin（过去分词做后置定语）】宾语从句.]（原因状从）
长难句分析
翻译：康斯坦丁努说，解决这个问题可以帮助天文学家排除金星是宜居行星的可能性，因为金星干燥的内部表明，它从来没有传统上认为生命起源所必需的液态水海洋。
重要词汇和短语
Earth's evil twin 地球的邪恶双胞胎）
habitable planet 宜居行星）
deal a blow to 对…… 造成打击）
vast sea of magma 广阔的岩浆海）
volcanic eruption 火山喷发）
cast light on 阐明；揭示）可替代 “explain”“clarify”
water content 含水量
in other words 换句话说
surface ocean 表面海洋
launch a mission 发起一项任务
rule out 排除；不考虑
host life 孕育生命 “host” 在此处为 “孕育、承载”
dry interior 干燥的内部
carry out fly-bys 执行飞掠探测
volcanism n. 火山活动）是 “火山喷发” （volcanic eruption）的上位概念，
hospitable adj. （环境）宜居的；适宜生存的 adj. (对人) 好客的；热情友好的
liquid water 液态水
magma n. 岩浆
interior n. 内部；腹地
astronomer n. 天文学家
conclusion n. 结论
Passage D
语篇类型：议论文
主题语境：人与社会
话题：本文探讨了技术（从书写到社交媒体）作为“人工记忆”如何改变了人类记忆和体验世界的方式。文章辩证分析了其利弊并指出，我们仍处在适应这种技术的早期阶段，并对其未来持谨慎乐观的态度。
Quick: what's your best friend's phone number Don't feel bad if you couldn't answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it's just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you.
“Prosthetic memory (人工记忆) is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We're flooded with information. We're creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No wonder, then, that we're increasingly dependent on external prostheses, from libraries to smartphones.
Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way on to social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we're forgetting to actually live them. We put something between ourselves and the world—a camera—instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect ourselves from experience.
But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad If we're still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we've not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we're doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That's just a short blink (眨眼) in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we're not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded(约束) by geography and time. After all, technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can't: protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise be lost.
P1 引出话题：通过提问 “你最好朋友的电话号码是多少” 引出话题，总领全文，为下文论述人工记忆做铺垫。
P2 承接上文，进一步阐述人工记忆的概念及发展，为后文论述人们对外部记忆的依赖做铺垫。
P3 承上启下，既指出不是所有人都认为外部记忆趋势好，又引出下文对在线分享负面影响的论述。
P4 总结全文，提出对未来的展望，即人们应正确看待社交媒体驱动的变革。
Quick: what's your best friend's phone number Don't feel bad if you couldn't answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it's just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you.
32.What can be inferred from paragraph 1
A. We rely more on tools to memorize. B. We are burdened with phone numbers.
C. Technology weakens our brains. D. Technology distances us from our friends.
解题关键信息：判断第一段可 “推断” 出的结论，核心是捕捉 “人类记忆方式的特点”—— 是否依赖外部工具。
对应线索
第一段通过 “无法立刻说出好友手机号” 的场景，明确表述：“You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it's just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you.”（你没必要记住手机号，它存在手机里；或者你曾用电话簿存号码，无论哪种情况，都是 “一个物品替你记忆”）。
选项匹配
A. We rely more on tools to memorize.（我们更依赖工具来记忆）：与线索中 “object does the remembering for you”（物品代劳记忆）完全契合，“phone”“phone book” 均属于 “工具（tools）”，是可直接推断的结论。
B. We are burdened with phone numbers.（我们被手机号拖累）：原文明确说 “no reason to commit phone numbers to memory”（无需记手机号），无 “拖累” 含义，与线索矛盾。
C. Technology weakens our brains.（科技削弱大脑）：第一段仅提及 “依赖工具记忆”，未涉及 “大脑能力是否被削弱”，属于无中生有，无线索支撑。
D. Technology distances us from our friends.（科技让我们与朋友疏远）：原文以 “好友手机号” 为例仅为说明记忆方式，与 “朋友关系亲疏” 无关，无线索关联。
√
“Prosthetic memory (人工记忆) is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We're flooded with information. We're creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No wonder, then, that we're increasingly dependent on external prostheses, from libraries to smartphones.
33.What does the underlined word “eclipsed” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Improved. B. Outperformed. C. Restricted. D. Undervalued.
解题关键信息：通过上下文逻辑（数据量与大脑存储能力的对比）推断 “eclipsed” 的词义，核心是找到 “因果或对比关系”。
对应线索
第二段前文铺垫：“the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We're flooded with information. We're creating more of it, and keeping more of it.”（信息革命产生海量数据，我们被信息淹没，创造并留存更多数据）；后文衔接：“No wonder, then, that we're increasingly dependent on external prostheses”（难怪我们更依赖外部记忆工具）。由此可判断，“The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed” 是 “依赖外部工具” 的原因 —— 大脑存储能力 “比不上” 海量数据，无法满足需求。
选项匹配
A. Improved.（提升）：若大脑存储能力 “提升”，则无需依赖外部工具，与后文 “依赖外部工具” 的逻辑矛盾，排除。
B. Outperformed.（超越；胜过）：“大脑存储能力被超越”（即数据量远超大脑存储能力），完美承接前文 “海量数据” 与后文 “依赖外部工具” 的因果关系，符合线索含义。
C. Restricted.（限制）：原文未提及 “大脑存储能力被限制”，仅说数据量过大，无 “限制” 相关线索，排除。
D. Undervalued.（低估）：“低估大脑存储能力” 与后文 “依赖外部工具” 无逻辑关联，原文未涉及 “对大脑能力的评价”，排除。
√
Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We're flooded with information. We're creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed.
长难句分析
【翻译】
然而，信息革命产生的数据量比以往任何时候都要多。我们被海量信息所淹没。我们不仅在创造更多信息，还在留存更多信息。自此以后，人类大脑的存储能力便被（这些海量数据）超越了。
Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way on to social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we're forgetting to actually live them. We put something between ourselves and the world—a camera—instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect ourselves from experience.
34.What negative effect does online sharing bring about
A. An overflow of posts. B. High cost of digital devices.
C. Addiction to the virtual world. D. Disregard(忽视) for authentic experience.
解题关键信息：定位第三段中 “在线分享的负面影响”，核心是找到 “担忧（worry）” 的具体内容。
选项匹配
A. An overflow of posts.（帖子泛滥）：原文仅说 “every breakfast... finds its way on to social media”（日常场景被上传），未提及 “帖子数量过多（overflow）”，无 “泛滥” 相关线索，排除。
B. High cost of digital devices.（数码设备成本高）：第三段明确说 “technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable”（技术更便宜），与 “成本高” 矛盾，排除。
C. Addiction to the virtual world.（沉迷虚拟世界）：原文仅说 “记录分享导致与真实体验脱节”，未提及 “沉迷虚拟世界”，属于过度推断，无线索支撑，排除。
D. Disregard for authentic experience.（忽视真实体验）：与线索中 “forgetting to actually live them”（忘了真正生活）、“disconnect ourselves from experience”（与体验脱节）完全对应，“authentic experience” 即 “真实体验”，符合负面影响的描述。
√
[When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way](时间状从), something immensely valuable is lost; [when recording so much of our lives](时间状从), we're forgetting to actually live them. We put something between ourselves and the world—a camera—instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect ourselves from experience.
长难句分析
【翻译】
当我们专注于捕捉和分享时，珍贵的东西会丢失；记录太多生活，却忘了真正去生活；相机隔在我们与世界之间，让我们与真实体验脱节。
But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad If we're still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we've not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we're doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That's just a short blink (眨眼) in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we're not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded(约束) by geography and time. After all, technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can't: protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise be lost.
35.What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. Have faith in human brains. B. Take time to adapt to digital age.
C. Quicken the pace of development. D. Make efforts to enhance memory.
解题关键信息：提取最后一段中作者的 “隐含建议”，核心是捕捉作者对 “社交媒体驱动的变革” 的态度及对未来的期待。
对应线索
最后一段逻辑：①以反问 “is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad ”（变革完全糟糕吗？）否定 “全盘否定”；②解释 “mass social media era is less than a decade old”（社交媒体时代仅不到十年，时间短），暗示 “需要时间适应”；③展望 “we're not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share...”（未来能兼顾 “体验” 与 “分享”）；④强调 “technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can't”（技术能弥补大脑不足，留存珍贵时刻）。整体态度是 “无需焦虑，给时间适应，相信未来会更好”。
选项匹配
A. Have faith in human brains.（相信人类大脑）：原文说 “technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can't”（技术能做大脑做不到的事），未强调 “相信大脑”，反而突出技术的补充作用，与线索矛盾，排除。
B. Take time to adapt to digital age.（花时间适应数字时代）：线索中 “mass social media era is less than a decade old”（时代年轻）、“we're not far off from...”（未来会更好）隐含 “当下处于适应阶段，需要时间”，符合作者 “不焦虑、给时间成长” 的建议，匹配线索。
C. Quicken the pace of development.（加快发展速度）：原文未提及 “发展速度”，仅说 “时代年轻，未来会进步”，无 “加快速度” 的建议，排除。
D. Make efforts to enhance memory.（努力提升记忆力）：全文核心是 “依赖外部记忆工具是趋势”，且最后一段强调 “技术弥补大脑记忆不足”，未建议 “提升自身记忆力”，排除。
√
【If we're still creating and sharing memories like this】条件状从, perhaps this is [because we've not had sufficient time to learn 目的状语how to do these things（宾语相当于名词） without thinking about (what we're doing)宾语从句]表语从句. It形式主语 is easy to ignore [that the mass social media era is less than a decade old]宾语从句.
长难句分析
【翻译】
如果我们仍在创造和分享这样的记忆，可能，这是因为我们还没有足够的时间学会在不思考的情况下做这些事情。（人们）很容易忽视大众社交媒体时代还不到十年。
重要词汇和短语
off the top of one's head 凭记忆；随口
commit... to memory 记住；牢记
prosthetic memory 人工记忆
information revolution 信息革命
be flooded with 被…… 淹没；充斥着
storage capacity 存储容量
external prostheses 外部记忆工具
find one's way on to 进入；出现在
devote oneself to 致力于；专注于
be in the moment 专注当下；活在当下
disconnect oneself from 与…… 脱节；脱离
social media-driven transformation 社交媒体驱动的变革
a short blink in human history 人类历史中的一瞬
be bounded by 受…… 约束；被…… 限制
would otherwise be lost 否则会丢失的
mass social media era 大众社交媒体时代
capture experiences 捕捉体验
prosthesis n. 假体；替代工具
eclipse v. 超越；使失色
affordable adj. 负担得起的；价格亲民的
authentic adj. 真实的；真正的
fragile adj. 脆弱的；易受损的
transformation n. 变革；转变
obsession n. 痴迷；执念
语法填空
语篇类型：说明文
主题语境：人与社会
话题：本文介绍了风靡全球的最强户外障碍赛Spartan Race来到中国，激发全名户外活动。
1.As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports, 56.________ draw citizens out of gyms and into the wilderness, test people's physical limits and reconnect them with nature.
2.One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in 57._ ______ (popular) in many Chinese cities.
3.So far, the race, along with its 58._________ (mud) routes, high walls, and various obstacles, has gained significant attraction online as well.
4. Last month, the Spartan China series 59.__________ (land) in Changchun while on October 16-17, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held 60.__________ the second time at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province.
which
for
landed
muddy
porpulatiry
5.Each event challenges participants to complete distances 61._________ (range) from 5 to 50 kilometers, with some 62._________ (intense) demanding obstacles depending on the race category.
6. In practice, the race involves climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags, 63.___________ total return to nature from gyms.
7.Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of outdoor running competitions is far from accidental. "In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms.
8. Now, there's a growing desire 64._________ (break) free from concrete buildings,” Liu commented. “These mud-stained events offer not just wildness, 65.________ a kind of close dialogue with nature.”
ranging
intensely
a
to break
but
2509 湖北省武汉九月份调研
阅读-语法 详解
Passage A
语篇类型：说明文
主题语境：人与社会
话题：本文主要介绍了四个不同的写作比赛，为有意参与的写作者提供详细的参赛信息。
21.Which contest is most suitable for a 490-word sci-fi story
A.TRAVEL TALES. B.CROSS-GENERATION FRIENDS. C.GRAND FLASH 2025. D.NATURAL WORLD.
22. How much should a non-subscriber pay at least to enter 2 contests
A. 7.50. B. 12. C. 15. D. 18.50.
23.What distinguishes NATURAL WORLD from other contests
A. It closes later than others. B. It accepts non-fiction entries.
C. It offers highest runner-up prize. D. It appeals to professional writers.
√
√
√
重要词汇和短语
be suitable for 适合于
distinguish v.区分；辨别出；使有别于→distinguished adj. 卓越的；杰出的；著名的；尊贵的
narrativenon-fiction entries 叙事性非虚构小说
pose fiction 散文小说
sci-fi = science fiction 科幻小说
appeal to 呼吁；吸引；上诉
professional adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专家
bridge the generational gap 消除代沟
the runner up 亚军
entry fee 入场费；报名费；参赛费
closing date 截止日期
subscribe v. 订阅；订购；申购→subscription n.订阅；订购；订阅费→subscriber n. 订阅者；订购人；用户
Passage B
语篇类型：记叙文
主题语境：人与社会
话题：本文主要介绍了应急规划师Lucy Easthope 的工作及公众对其工作认知的变化，同时描述了他从幕后专家走向公众人物的变化过程，以及她通过著书向公众传递应对灾难的知识和智慧。
At first sight, Easthope doesn't seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer.
Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.
“At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn't get those. What people wanted from me was know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn't I afraid How did I handle I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn't enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to distill(浓缩) all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.
While her publisher describesCome What May as a roadmap for resilience (韧性), the word is one Easthope dislikes. Ready, she suggests, is a better one. Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter. She encourages people to remember, not to forget, what happened during disasters, because such events leave a long-lasting effect.
P1 通过 “初印象与实际身份” 的对比引出人物，为后续介绍其工作铺垫
P2 说明公众对 Easthope 工作认知的 “转折点”，补充其职业认可度背景
P3 通过引用读者提问，揭示 Easthope 撰写第二本书的直接原因
P4 阐述 Easthope 对 “处理灾难” 的核心观点及对新书的定位
At first sight, Easthope doesn't seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly; pushed to name her profession, you might guess at nurse or teacher. But look closer.
24.What might a Cassandra be like according to paragraph 1
A. Severe and forbidding.
B. Competent and cautious.
C. Friendly and energetic.
D. Cheerful and approachable.
解题核心思路：抓住 “对比逻辑”—— 原文通过 Easthope 的特质反推 “Cassandra” 的特质。
第一段明确提到 “At first sight, Easthope doesn't seem much like a Cassandra. She smiles a lot. Her manner is kind and motherly”（Easthope 爱笑、亲切，不像 Cassandra），说明 “Cassandra” 的特质与 “爱笑、亲切” 相反；
A.严厉而令人生畏。
B.能干且谨慎。
C.友好，有活力
D.开朗，平易近人
√
Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.
25.What led to increased public awareness of Easthope’s work in 2023
A. The publication of a best seller. B. The growth of professional disaster circles.
C. Her involvement in 2004 tsunami relief. D. Her sudden rise to fame through media.
解题关键：定位 “2023 年” 时间点，找到对应的 “因果事件”；
核心线索：第二段明确表述 “But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did”（2023 年她出版畅销书，“这件事” 改变了现状，公众开始关注她的工作），其中 “that” 指代 “出版畅销书”；
√
26.Why are readers’ questions cited in paragraph 3
A. To reveal Easthope’s personal fears. B. To explain Easthope’s writing process.
C. To show Easthope’s writing motivation. D. To present public doubts about Easthope’s work.
“At literary festivals, most authors get questions about their writing process,” Easthope says. “But I wouldn't get those. What people wanted from me was know how I lived with the knowledge that I have. Wasn't I afraid How did I handle I would tell them that I didn’t live afraid, and I would give them basic advice. But this wasn't enough.” In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book, one in which she would try to distill(浓缩) all that she has learned for the benefit of each individual.
解题关键：分析 “引用内容与后文结果的逻辑关系”—— 引用提问是为了引出 Easthope 的行动动机；
核心线索：第三段先引用读者的问题（“How did I handle ”“Wasn't I afraid ”），接着 Easthope 回应 “this wasn't enough（仅给建议不够）”，最终得出结论 “In the end, she felt she had no choice but to write a second book（不得不写第二本书）”，可见引用问题是为了说明她写第二本书的动机；
【句子分析】In the end, she felt （表从）[she had no choice but to write （同位语）【a second book, one】 （定从）【in which she would try to distill(浓缩) all （定从）[that she has learned ]for the benefit of each individual.]】
【翻译】最后，她觉得自己别无选择，只能写第二本书，在这本书中，她将尝试提炼（浓缩）她所学到的一切，以帮助每个人。
√
While her publisher describes Come What May as a road map for resilience (韧性), the word is one Easthope dislikes. Ready, she suggests, is a better one. Easthope also reminds people that small things, like losing hair during illness or consuming too much food after someone dies, still matter. She encourages people to remember, not to forget, what happened during disasters, because such events leave a long-lasting effect.
27.What does Easthope agree on handling disasters
A. Resilience matters most. B. Forgetting aids recovery.
C. Positive thinking takes the lead. D. Minor sufferings deserve attention.
解题关键：提取 Easthope 的 “明确观点”，排除与原文矛盾或未提及的选项；
核心线索：第四段明确提到 “Easthope also reminds people that small things... still matter（Easthope 提醒人们，灾难中的小事也很重要）”，同时否定了 A（“resilience matters most”，她不喜欢 “韧性” 这个词）、B（“Forgetting aids recovery”，她鼓励 “remember, not to forget”），C（“Positive thinking takes the lead”，原文未提及 “积极思考”）；
√
重要词汇和短语
emergency planner 应急规划师
major disaster 重大灾难
best-selling book 畅销书
publish a book 出版书籍
public awareness 公众意识
behind the scenes 在幕后
professional circles 专业圈子
handle disasters 应对灾难（近义：deal with）
leave long-lasting effect 产生持久影响
vital work 重要工作
distill experience 浓缩经验
natural disaster 自然灾害
have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事
for the benefit of 为了…… 的利益；为了帮助……
survivor n. 幸存者
resilience n. 韧性；抗压力
tsunami n. 海啸
emergency n. 紧急情况；突发事件
recovery n. 恢复；康复
authority n. 权威；权威人士；官方机构
Passage C
语篇类型：说明文
主题语境：人与自然
话题：本文介绍了关于金心内部“干燥”的新研究，通过分析其火山喷发物证实尽心内部缺水，从而反驳了它曾经拥有海洋或适宜生命的气候的观点，并指出该发现将有助于天文学家最终排除金星适宜居住的可能性。
With a surface hot enough to melt lead in its atmosphere, Venus has been described as "Earth's evil twin"—similar in size, yet worlds apart. The question of whether Venus was ever habitable has long been a hot topic among scientists. Some astronomers believe the planet was once much more hospitable, but a recent research by Tereza Constantinou, a PhD student from the University of Cambridge, has now dealt a blow to the idea that it ever hosted life as we know it.
Constantinou noted that early in the formation of Venus, the planet was covered in a vast sea of magma (岩浆). If this cooled quickly, water would form oceans or be trapped as it crystallised (结晶), meaning the planet's interior (内部) would be water-rich. As a result, water would be released when volcanoes erupt. "If you look at any photos of volcanism on Earth, you can see these large clouds coming out. Most of that is water," said Constantinou. But if the magma cooled slowly, water would have ended up as steam in the atmosphere. In this situation, water would not be trapped inside the interior of the planet.
Constantinou and his colleagues studied changes in the Venusian atmosphere to cast light on the water content of its interior. When they analyzed the amount of substances being refilled, they found very little water was being added. In other words, volcanic eruptions are “dry”. “The shortage of water in volcanic release reflects an equally dry Venusian interior,” said Constantinou. The team announced that their findings did not support the theory that Venus had surface oceans of water in its past, or a habitable climate.
Their conclusion could soon be tested. Later this decade, NASA is set to launch a mission to carry out fly-bys of Venus. Constantinou said resolving the question could help astronomers rule out Venus as a habitable planet now that the dry interior of Venus suggests it never has the oceans of liquid water traditionally thought necessary for life to begin.
P1 引出话题：指出新研究反驳了金星适宜居住的观点
P2 提出理论：金星早期岩浆海的冷却速度决定了其内部水是富裕还是短却
P3 具体发现：通过分析大气，证明金星火山喷发“干燥”，内部缺水，得出其从未有海洋或者从不适宜居住
P4 研究意义：结论将被NASA任务验证，并根据此排除金星适宜居住的可能
With a surface hot enough to melt lead in its atmosphere, Venus has been described as "Earth's evil twin"—similar in size, yet worlds apart. The question of whether Venus was ever habitable has long been a hot topic among scientists. Some astronomers believe the planet was once much more hospitable, but a recent research by Tereza Constantinou, a PhD student from the University of Cambridge, has now dealt a blow to the idea that it ever hosted life as we know it.
28.What is the finding of the recent research
A. Venus is Earth's identical twin. B. Venus sets the whole world apart.
C. Venus was unlikely to sustain life. D. Venus was more habitable than thought.
解题关键：定位 “最新研究结论”，排除与原文矛盾或无关的选项；
核心线索：第一段明确提到 “a recent research... has now dealt a blow to the idea that it ever hosted life as we know it”（最新研究对 “金星曾存在已知生命” 的观点造成打击），第三段进一步补充 “their findings did not support the theory that Venus had surface oceans of water in its past, or a habitable climate”（研究不支持金星过去有海洋或宜居气候），即 “金星不可能维持生命”；
选项匹配：C 选项 “Venus was unlikely to sustain life（金星不可能维持生命）” 直接对应结论；A（金星是地球的同卵双胞胎）与原文 “Earth's evil twin（邪恶双胞胎，环境差异大）” 矛盾；B（金星让世界与众不同）是对 “worlds apart” 的错误解读（原文指金星与地球差异大，非 “让世界不同”）；D（金星比想象中更宜居）与 “dealt a blow to the idea of hosting life” 完全相反。
√
Some astronomers believe 【the planet was once much more hospitable】宾语从句, but并列句 a recent research by Tereza Constantinou, 【a PhD student from the University of Cambridge】同位语, has now dealt a blow to the idea 【that it ever hosted life as we know it】同位语从句.
长难句分析
翻译：一些天文学家认为金星曾一度适宜生存，但剑桥大学博士生特雷莎·康斯坦丁诺的最新研究，却对“金星孕育过我们所知的生命”这一观点进行了沉重的打击（反驳）
Constantinou noted that early in the formation of Venus, the planet was covered in a vast sea of magma (岩浆). If this cooled quickly, water would form oceans or be trapped as it crystallised (结晶), meaning the planet's interior (内部) would be water-rich. As a result, water would be released when volcanoes erupt. "If you look at any photos of volcanism on Earth, you can see these large clouds coming out. Most of that is water," said Constantinou. But if the magma cooled slowly, water would have ended up as steam in the atmosphere. In this situation, water would not be trapped inside the interior of the planet.
29.What is paragraph 2 mainly talking about concerning the research
A. Its methods. B. Its procedures. C. Its potential impact. D. Its theoretical foundation.
解题关键：判断第二段内容的属性（方法 / 流程 / 影响 / 理论基础），抓住 “假设性逻辑”；
核心线索：第二段以 “Constantinou noted that early in the formation of Venus...” 开头，提出 “金星早期岩浆冷却速度影响内部含水量” 的假设（快速冷却→水分留存；缓慢冷却→水分流失），这是后续研究分析 “内部干燥” 的前提逻辑，属于 “理论基础”；
选项匹配：D 选项 “Its theoretical foundation（其理论基础）” 符合；A（研究方法）、B（研究流程）是第三段的内容（分析大气变化、火山喷发物质）；C（潜在影响）是第四段的内容（排除金星宜居性）。
√
30.How did Constantinou and his colleagues draw their conclusion
A. By analysing the changes of water content. B. By studying the properties of substances.
C. By investigating the components of water. D. By examining the differences of volcanoes.
Constantinou and his colleagues studied changes in the Venusian atmosphere to cast light on the water content of its interior. When they analyzed the amount of substances being refilled, they found very little water was being added. In other words, volcanic eruptions are “dry”. “The shortage of water in volcanic release reflects an equally dry Venusian interior,” said Constantinou. The team announced that their findings did not support the theory that Venus had surface oceans of water in its past, or a habitable climate.
√
解题关键：提取第三段中 “研究的具体操作与结论推导逻辑”；
核心线索：第三段明确表述 “Constantinou and his colleagues studied changes in the Venusian atmosphere to cast light on the water content of its interior. When they analyzed the amount of substances being refilled, they found very little water was being added... The shortage of water in volcanic release reflects an equally dry Venusian interior”（通过研究金星大气变化了解内部含水量，分析物质补充量发现几乎无水分，进而推断内部干燥），核心是 “分析含水量的变化（大气中水分补充量、火山喷发水分含量）”；
选项匹配：A 选项 “By analysing the changes of water content（通过分析含水量的变化）” 符合；B（研究物质属性）原文未提 “属性”，仅提 “物质补充量”；C（调查水的成分）原文未涉及 “水的成分”；D（研究火山差异）原文未对比不同火山的差异，仅关注火山喷发的 “干燥程度”。
Constantinou and his colleagues studied changes (介词短语)[in the Venusian atmosphere][ to cast light on the water content of its interior]（目的状语）. [When they analyzed the amount of substances being refilled]（时间状从）, they found （宾语从句）【very little water was being added】. In other words, volcanic eruptions are “dry”. “The shortage of water (介词短语)[in volcanic release] reflects an equally dry Venusian interior,” said Constantinou.
长难句分析
翻译：康斯坦丁努和他的同事们研究了金星大气的变化，以揭示其内部的水含量。当他们分析被重新填充的物质的数量时，他们发现添加的水非常少。换句话说，火山喷发是“干燥的”。“火山释放的水的短缺反映了金星内部同样干燥。
Their conclusion could soon be tested. Later this decade, NASA is set to launch a mission to carry out fly-bys of Venus. Constantinou said resolving the question could help astronomers rule out Venus as a habitable planet now that the dry interior of Venus suggests it never has the oceans of liquid water traditionally thought necessary for life to begin.
31.What can the finding be used to do according to Constantinou
A. Carry out more fly-bys. B. Identify upcoming threats.
C. Conduct Venus observations. D. Narrow down astronomers' search.
解题关键：定位第四段中 “Constantinou 对研究发现用途的表述”，抓住 “rule out” 的含义；
核心线索：第四段提到 “Constantinou said resolving the question could help astronomers rule out Venus as a habitable planet”（这一发现能帮助天文学家排除金星作为宜居行星的可能），“rule out” 意为 “排除”，即缩小天文学家对 “宜居行星” 的搜索范围（不用再重点研究金星）；
选项匹配：D 选项 “Narrow down astronomers' search（缩小天文学家的搜索范围）” 符合；A（进行更多飞掠探测）是 NASA 的计划，非 “发现的用途”；B（识别潜在威胁）原文未提及；C（进行金星观测）是验证结论的方式，非 “发现的用途”。
√
Constantinou said [resolving the question could help astronomers rule out Venus as a habitable planet]（宾语从句） [now that the dry interior of Venus suggests 【it never has the oceans of liquid water traditionally thought necessary for life to begin（过去分词做后置定语）】宾语从句.]（原因状从）
长难句分析
翻译：康斯坦丁努说，解决这个问题可以帮助天文学家排除金星是宜居行星的可能性，因为金星干燥的内部表明，它从来没有传统上认为生命起源所必需的液态水海洋。
重要词汇和短语
Earth's evil twin 地球的邪恶双胞胎）
habitable planet 宜居行星）
deal a blow to 对…… 造成打击）
vast sea of magma 广阔的岩浆海）
volcanic eruption 火山喷发）
cast light on 阐明；揭示）可替代 “explain”“clarify”
water content 含水量
in other words 换句话说
surface ocean 表面海洋
launch a mission 发起一项任务
rule out 排除；不考虑
host life 孕育生命 “host” 在此处为 “孕育、承载”
dry interior 干燥的内部
carry out fly-bys 执行飞掠探测
volcanism n. 火山活动）是 “火山喷发” （volcanic eruption）的上位概念，
hospitable adj. （环境）宜居的；适宜生存的 adj. (对人) 好客的；热情友好的
liquid water 液态水
magma n. 岩浆
interior n. 内部；腹地
astronomer n. 天文学家
conclusion n. 结论
Passage D
语篇类型：议论文
主题语境：人与社会
话题：本文探讨了技术（从书写到社交媒体）作为“人工记忆”如何改变了人类记忆和体验世界的方式。文章辩证分析了其利弊并指出，我们仍处在适应这种技术的早期阶段，并对其未来持谨慎乐观的态度。
Quick: what's your best friend's phone number Don't feel bad if you couldn't answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it's just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you.
“Prosthetic memory (人工记忆) is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We're flooded with information. We're creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No wonder, then, that we're increasingly dependent on external prostheses, from libraries to smartphones.
Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way on to social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we're forgetting to actually live them. We put something between ourselves and the world—a camera—instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect ourselves from experience.
But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad If we're still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we've not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we're doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That's just a short blink (眨眼) in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we're not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded(约束) by geography and time. After all, technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can't: protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise be lost.
P1 引出话题：通过提问 “你最好朋友的电话号码是多少” 引出话题，总领全文，为下文论述人工记忆做铺垫。
P2 承接上文，进一步阐述人工记忆的概念及发展，为后文论述人们对外部记忆的依赖做铺垫。
P3 承上启下，既指出不是所有人都认为外部记忆趋势好，又引出下文对在线分享负面影响的论述。
P4 总结全文，提出对未来的展望，即人们应正确看待社交媒体驱动的变革。
Quick: what's your best friend's phone number Don't feel bad if you couldn't answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it's just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you.
32.What can be inferred from paragraph 1
A. We rely more on tools to memorize. B. We are burdened with phone numbers.
C. Technology weakens our brains. D. Technology distances us from our friends.
解题关键信息：判断第一段可 “推断” 出的结论，核心是捕捉 “人类记忆方式的特点”—— 是否依赖外部工具。
对应线索
第一段通过 “无法立刻说出好友手机号” 的场景，明确表述：“You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it's just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you.”（你没必要记住手机号，它存在手机里；或者你曾用电话簿存号码，无论哪种情况，都是 “一个物品替你记忆”）。
选项匹配
A. We rely more on tools to memorize.（我们更依赖工具来记忆）：与线索中 “object does the remembering for you”（物品代劳记忆）完全契合，“phone”“phone book” 均属于 “工具（tools）”，是可直接推断的结论。
B. We are burdened with phone numbers.（我们被手机号拖累）：原文明确说 “no reason to commit phone numbers to memory”（无需记手机号），无 “拖累” 含义，与线索矛盾。
C. Technology weakens our brains.（科技削弱大脑）：第一段仅提及 “依赖工具记忆”，未涉及 “大脑能力是否被削弱”，属于无中生有，无线索支撑。
D. Technology distances us from our friends.（科技让我们与朋友疏远）：原文以 “好友手机号” 为例仅为说明记忆方式，与 “朋友关系亲疏” 无关，无线索关联。
√
“Prosthetic memory (人工记忆) is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We're flooded with information. We're creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No wonder, then, that we're increasingly dependent on external prostheses, from libraries to smartphones.
33.What does the underlined word “eclipsed” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Improved. B. Outperformed. C. Restricted. D. Undervalued.
解题关键信息：通过上下文逻辑（数据量与大脑存储能力的对比）推断 “eclipsed” 的词义，核心是找到 “因果或对比关系”。
对应线索
第二段前文铺垫：“the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We're flooded with information. We're creating more of it, and keeping more of it.”（信息革命产生海量数据，我们被信息淹没，创造并留存更多数据）；后文衔接：“No wonder, then, that we're increasingly dependent on external prostheses”（难怪我们更依赖外部记忆工具）。由此可判断，“The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed” 是 “依赖外部工具” 的原因 —— 大脑存储能力 “比不上” 海量数据，无法满足需求。
选项匹配
A. Improved.（提升）：若大脑存储能力 “提升”，则无需依赖外部工具，与后文 “依赖外部工具” 的逻辑矛盾，排除。
B. Outperformed.（超越；胜过）：“大脑存储能力被超越”（即数据量远超大脑存储能力），完美承接前文 “海量数据” 与后文 “依赖外部工具” 的因果关系，符合线索含义。
C. Restricted.（限制）：原文未提及 “大脑存储能力被限制”，仅说数据量过大，无 “限制” 相关线索，排除。
D. Undervalued.（低估）：“低估大脑存储能力” 与后文 “依赖外部工具” 无逻辑关联，原文未涉及 “对大脑能力的评价”，排除。
√
Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We're flooded with information. We're creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed.
长难句分析
【翻译】
然而，信息革命产生的数据量比以往任何时候都要多。我们被海量信息所淹没。我们不仅在创造更多信息，还在留存更多信息。自此以后，人类大脑的存储能力便被（这些海量数据）超越了。
Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way on to social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we're forgetting to actually live them. We put something between ourselves and the world—a camera—instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect ourselves from experience.
34.What negative effect does online sharing bring about
A. An overflow of posts. B. High cost of digital devices.
C. Addiction to the virtual world. D. Disregard(忽视) for authentic experience.
解题关键信息：定位第三段中 “在线分享的负面影响”，核心是找到 “担忧（worry）” 的具体内容。
选项匹配
A. An overflow of posts.（帖子泛滥）：原文仅说 “every breakfast... finds its way on to social media”（日常场景被上传），未提及 “帖子数量过多（overflow）”，无 “泛滥” 相关线索，排除。
B. High cost of digital devices.（数码设备成本高）：第三段明确说 “technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable”（技术更便宜），与 “成本高” 矛盾，排除。
C. Addiction to the virtual world.（沉迷虚拟世界）：原文仅说 “记录分享导致与真实体验脱节”，未提及 “沉迷虚拟世界”，属于过度推断，无线索支撑，排除。
D. Disregard for authentic experience.（忽视真实体验）：与线索中 “forgetting to actually live them”（忘了真正生活）、“disconnect ourselves from experience”（与体验脱节）完全对应，“authentic experience” 即 “真实体验”，符合负面影响的描述。
√
[When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way](时间状从), something immensely valuable is lost; [when recording so much of our lives](时间状从), we're forgetting to actually live them. We put something between ourselves and the world—a camera—instead of just being in the moment, and so disconnect ourselves from experience.
长难句分析
【翻译】
当我们专注于捕捉和分享时，珍贵的东西会丢失；记录太多生活，却忘了真正去生活；相机隔在我们与世界之间，让我们与真实体验脱节。
But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad If we're still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we've not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we're doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That's just a short blink (眨眼) in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we're not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded(约束) by geography and time. After all, technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can't: protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise be lost.
35.What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. Have faith in human brains. B. Take time to adapt to digital age.
C. Quicken the pace of development. D. Make efforts to enhance memory.
解题关键信息：提取最后一段中作者的 “隐含建议”，核心是捕捉作者对 “社交媒体驱动的变革” 的态度及对未来的期待。
对应线索
最后一段逻辑：①以反问 “is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad ”（变革完全糟糕吗？）否定 “全盘否定”；②解释 “mass social media era is less than a decade old”（社交媒体时代仅不到十年，时间短），暗示 “需要时间适应”；③展望 “we're not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share...”（未来能兼顾 “体验” 与 “分享”）；④强调 “technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can't”（技术能弥补大脑不足，留存珍贵时刻）。整体态度是 “无需焦虑，给时间适应，相信未来会更好”。
选项匹配
A. Have faith in human brains.（相信人类大脑）：原文说 “technology can do what our fragile meat-computers can't”（技术能做大脑做不到的事），未强调 “相信大脑”，反而突出技术的补充作用，与线索矛盾，排除。
B. Take time to adapt to digital age.（花时间适应数字时代）：线索中 “mass social media era is less than a decade old”（时代年轻）、“we're not far off from...”（未来会更好）隐含 “当下处于适应阶段，需要时间”，符合作者 “不焦虑、给时间成长” 的建议，匹配线索。
C. Quicken the pace of development.（加快发展速度）：原文未提及 “发展速度”，仅说 “时代年轻，未来会进步”，无 “加快速度” 的建议，排除。
D. Make efforts to enhance memory.（努力提升记忆力）：全文核心是 “依赖外部记忆工具是趋势”，且最后一段强调 “技术弥补大脑记忆不足”，未建议 “提升自身记忆力”，排除。
√
【If we're still creating and sharing memories like this】条件状从, perhaps this is [because we've not had sufficient time to learn 目的状语how to do these things（宾语相当于名词） without thinking about (what we're doing)宾语从句]表语从句. It形式主语 is easy to ignore [that the mass social media era is less than a decade old]宾语从句.
长难句分析
【翻译】
如果我们仍在创造和分享这样的记忆，可能，这是因为我们还没有足够的时间学会在不思考的情况下做这些事情。（人们）很容易忽视大众社交媒体时代还不到十年。
重要词汇和短语
off the top of one's head 凭记忆；随口
commit... to memory 记住；牢记
prosthetic memory 人工记忆
information revolution 信息革命
be flooded with 被…… 淹没；充斥着
storage capacity 存储容量
external prostheses 外部记忆工具
find one's way on to 进入；出现在
devote oneself to 致力于；专注于
be in the moment 专注当下；活在当下
disconnect oneself from 与…… 脱节；脱离
social media-driven transformation 社交媒体驱动的变革
a short blink in human history 人类历史中的一瞬
be bounded by 受…… 约束；被…… 限制
would otherwise be lost 否则会丢失的
mass social media era 大众社交媒体时代
capture experiences 捕捉体验
prosthesis n. 假体；替代工具
eclipse v. 超越；使失色
affordable adj. 负担得起的；价格亲民的
authentic adj. 真实的；真正的
fragile adj. 脆弱的；易受损的
transformation n. 变革；转变
obsession n. 痴迷；执念
语法填空
语篇类型：说明文
主题语境：人与社会
话题：本文介绍了风靡全球的最强户外障碍赛Spartan Race来到中国，激发全名户外活动。
1.As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports, 56.________ draw citizens out of gyms and into the wilderness, test people's physical limits and reconnect them with nature.
2.One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in 57._ ______ (popular) in many Chinese cities.
3.So far, the race, along with its 58._________ (mud) routes, high walls, and various obstacles, has gained significant attraction online as well.
4. Last month, the Spartan China series 59.__________ (land) in Changchun while on October 16-17, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held 60.__________ the second time at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province.
which
for
landed
muddy
porpulatiry
5.Each event challenges participants to complete distances 61._________ (range) from 5 to 50 kilometers, with some 62._________ (intense) demanding obstacles depending on the race category.
6. In practice, the race involves climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags, 63.___________ total return to nature from gyms.
7.Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of outdoor running competitions is far from accidental. "In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms.
8. Now, there's a growing desire 64._________ (break) free from concrete buildings,” Liu commented. “These mud-stained events offer not just wildness, 65.________ a kind of close dialogue with nature.”
ranging
intensely
a
to break
but