仁爱版九上英语 Unit 2 Saving the earth Topic 1 单元高频考点必刷卷
（满分 120 分，考试时间 90 分钟）
第一大题：单项选择题（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.The factory has been pouring waste water into the river for years, ______ serious pollution.
A. cause B. causing C. caused D. to cause
2.—How does air pollution ______ our health
—It can make people suffer from different illnesses like asthma.
A. affect B. effect C. influence D. afford
3.We should try our best to reduce ______ plastic bags to protect the environment.
A. use B. the use of C. using of D. used
4.The government has taken many measures ______ the air quality in our city.
A. improve B. improving C. to improve D. improved
5.—Look! The lake is covered with rubbish.
—Yes, it’s ______ that people throw waste here carelessly.
A. disappointing B. disappointed C. disappoint D. disappointment
6.This kind of new energy car doesn’t ______ any harmful gases, so it’s eco-friendly.
A. give off B. give up C. give in D. give away
7.—Do you know when the project to clean up the park will ______
—Next month, I think.
A. take off B. take out C. take place D. take away
8.If we don’t stop polluting the ocean, many sea animals ______ in the future.
A. die B. died C. will die D. have died
9.The teacher told us that noise pollution ______ people’s sleep and work.
A. disturbs B. disturbed C. is disturbing D. will disturb
10.—What should we do to save the earth
—We can start by ______ small changes in our daily life.
A. make B. making C. made D. to make
11.A lot of trees ______ along the street last year to fight against air pollution.
A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted
12.My parents always remind me ______ the lights when I leave the room to save electricity.
A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off D. turned off
13.—Is there ______ we can do to help solve the water pollution problem
—Of course, like saving water and not pouring waste into rivers.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
14.The documentary about pollution ______ on TV last night. Did you watch it
A. show B. shows C. was shown D. is shown
15.We all agree that ______ the environment is the duty of every citizen.
A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protecting
第二大题：完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. It harms our planet and our health in many ways. Let’s take a look at water pollution first. Many factories pour their waste water 16______ rivers and lakes without treating it. This makes the water dirty and 17______ for fish and other sea life. Some people even can’t get clean drinking water because of it.
Air pollution is another serious issue. Cars and factories release harmful gases into the air. When we breathe this polluted air, it can 18______ our lungs and cause illnesses like lung cancer. Also, air pollution leads to global warming, which changes the Earth’s climate.
Noise pollution is often 19______, but it’s harmful too. Loud noises from cars, machines and construction sites can make people feel stressed and 20______ their hearing.
What can we do to stop pollution We can use public transport instead of driving cars. We should 21______ throwing rubbish everywhere and recycle as much as possible. Factories must be asked to treat their waste before releasing it. And we can plant more trees, because trees can 22______ harmful gases from the air.
It’s important for everyone to 23______ the importance of protecting the environment. If we work together, we can 24______ pollution and make the Earth a better place to live in. Remember, every small action 25______ a big difference.
16.A. into B. on C. at D. for
17.A. safe B. dangerous C. comfortable D. easy
18.A. help B. improve C. damage D. protect
19.A. noticed B. forgotten C. remembered D. mentioned
20.A. hurt B. help C. improve D. save
21.A. keep B. start C. stop D. continue
22.A. take in B. take out C. take off D. take up
23.A. forget B. realize C. ignore D. doubt
24.A. reduce B. increase C. create D. find
25.A. does B. makes C. takes D. gives
第三大题：阅读理解（共 4 篇，每篇 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
(A)
Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the ocean. This plastic pollution is a big threat to sea animals. For example, sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, their favorite food. When they eat the plastic bags, they can’t digest them, which leads to death. Sea birds also get hurt by plastic. They sometimes get their beaks stuck in plastic bottles or eat small plastic pieces, which makes them sick.
Plastic waste also breaks down into tiny pieces called microplastics. These microplastics are so small that fish and other sea creatures eat them. Then, when humans eat these fish, the microplastics enter our bodies. No one knows for sure how microplastics affect human health, but it’s definitely not good.
To solve this problem, many countries have started to ban single-use plastics like plastic bags and straws. People are also encouraged to use reusable products, such as cloth bags and metal straws. We can all do our part by reducing the use of plastic and recycling as much as possible.
26.What do sea turtles mistake plastic bags for
A. Fish B. Jellyfish C. Seaweed D. Small stones
27.Why do plastic bags cause sea turtles’ death
A. The plastic bags are too hard.
B. The sea turtles can’t digest them.
C. The plastic bags make the water dirty.
D. The sea turtles can’t breathe after eating them.
28.What are microplastics
A. Big plastic bottles. B. Plastic bags for single use.
C. Tiny pieces from broken-down plastic. D. Reusable plastic products.
29.How do microplastics enter human bodies
A. Humans drink polluted water.
B. Humans eat fish that have eaten microplastics.
C. Humans breathe polluted air with microplastics.
D. Humans touch microplastics with their hands.
30.What have many countries done to solve plastic pollution
A. They have banned all kinds of plastics.
B. They have stopped people from eating sea fish.
C. They have banned single-use plastics.
D. They have asked people to throw away less rubbish.
(B)
Beijing, the capital of China, used to have serious air pollution problems. A few years ago, especially in winter, the city was often covered in thick smog. The smog made the sky gray, and people could hardly see far away. Many people had to wear masks when they went out, and some even stayed indoors to avoid breathing polluted air. The air pollution also caused many health problems, such as coughs and asthma.
To improve the air quality, the Chinese government took a series of measures. First, many factories that produced a lot of smoke were moved out of the city. Some old and polluting factories were closed down. Second, the government encouraged people to use clean energy, like natural gas, instead of coal for heating in winter. Third, the number of cars on the road was limited. For example, cars with even-numbered license plates could only drive on certain days, and cars with odd-numbered license plates on other days.
Thanks to these measures, the air quality in Beijing has improved a lot. Now, people can see blue skies more often. The number of smoggy days has decreased, and people don’t need to wear masks every day. The improvement of air quality has made people’s lives healthier and happier.
31.What problem did Beijing used to have
A. Serious water pollution.
B. Serious air pollution.
C. Serious noise pollution.
D. Serious land pollution.
32.What did people do to avoid breathing polluted air
A. They stayed indoors.
B. They planted more trees.
C. They drove cars less.
D. They used clean energy.
33.Which measure did the government take to improve air quality
A. They built more factories in the city.
B. They encouraged people to use coal for heating.
C. They limited the number of cars on the road.
D. They asked people to wear masks every day.
34.What does the underlined word “decreased” mean in Chinese
A. 增加 B. 减少 C. 不变 D. 消失
35.What can we know from the passage
A. The air quality in Beijing is still very bad now.
B. The government’s measures have worked well.
C. People in Beijing still wear masks every day.
D. Factories in Beijing all produce a lot of smoke.
(C)
Soil pollution is a serious but often ignored problem. It happens when harmful substances, like chemicals and waste, get into the soil. This can be caused by many things, such as using too many pesticides in farming, dumping industrial waste on the ground, and even throwing household rubbish in wrong places.
Soil pollution is bad for plants. When plants grow in polluted soil, they absorb the harmful substances. Then, when animals eat these plants, the harmful substances enter their bodies. Finally, when humans eat these animals or the plants themselves, they also take in the harmful substances. This can cause serious health problems, like cancer and other diseases.
Soil pollution also makes the soil less fertile. This means that fewer plants can grow in it, which affects agriculture. In some places, the soil is so polluted that it can’t be used for farming anymore. This leads to a shortage of food in those areas.
To prevent soil pollution, we should use fewer pesticides and chemical fertilizers in farming. We should also recycle waste instead of dumping it on the ground. Factories must treat their waste properly before releasing it. By taking these steps, we can protect the soil and keep it healthy for future generations.
36.What causes soil pollution
A. Using too much water in farming.
B. Using too many pesticides in farming.
C. Planting too many trees.
D. Saving too much food.
37.How do harmful substances enter humans’ bodies
A. Humans breathe polluted air.
B. Humans drink polluted water.
C. Humans eat plants or animals that have absorbed harmful substances.
D. Humans touch polluted soil with their hands.
38.What does “fertile” mean in the passage
A. 贫瘠的 B. 肥沃的 C. 干燥的 D. 湿润的
39.What effect does soil pollution have on agriculture
A. It makes more plants grow.
B. It makes the soil more fertile.
C. It affects agriculture as fewer plants can grow.
D. It leads to an increase in food.
40.What should we do to prevent soil pollution
A. Use more pesticides in farming.
B. Dump industrial waste on the ground.
C. Recycle waste instead of dumping it.
D. Throw household rubbish anywhere.
(D)
Noise pollution is a type of pollution that affects people’s daily lives. It is caused by loud sounds from different sources, such as traffic, construction sites, factories, and even loud music from homes or shops.
The effects of noise pollution are not just annoying. It can also be harmful to our health. Long-term exposure to loud noise can damage our hearing. Some people may even go deaf if they are exposed to extremely loud noise for a long time. Noise pollution also affects our sleep. Loud noises at night can make it hard for people to fall asleep or stay asleep. This leads to tiredness during the day and affects work and study efficiency.
In addition, noise pollution can cause stress and anxiety. When people are in a noisy environment for a long time, they may feel angry, nervous, or upset. This is bad for their mental health. Noise pollution can also affect animals. For example, loud noises from airports can scare birds away, and noise from construction can disturb the lives of animals in the wild.
To reduce noise pollution, governments can make laws to limit the noise level in public places. For example, they can ban loud music at night and limit the noise from construction sites. Individuals can also do their part. We can keep our music down, avoid honking car horns unnecessarily, and use earplugs when we are in a noisy environment.
41.What are the sources of noise pollution
A. Traffic, construction sites, factories and loud music.
B. Plastic waste, chemicals and pesticides.
C. Waste water, harmful gases and microplastics.
D. Rubbish, industrial waste and household waste.
42.What health problem can long-term exposure to loud noise cause
A. Lung cancer. B. Hearing damage.
C. Stomachache. D. Headache.
43.How does noise pollution affect sleep
A. It makes people sleep longer.
B. It makes people fall asleep easily.
C. It makes it hard for people to sleep.
D. It makes people have sweet dreams.
44.Who can be affected by noise pollution
A. Only humans. B. Only animals.
C. Both humans and animals. D. Neither humans nor animals.
45.What can individuals do to reduce noise pollution
A. Make laws to limit noise.
B. Keep music down and avoid unnecessary car honking.
C. Ban loud music at night.
D. Limit noise from construction sites.
第四大题：阅读短文，还原句子（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。
Pollution is a global problem that affects every country in the world. 46______ However, with the joint efforts of all people, we can find ways to solve it.
First, education is very important. 47______ When people know how pollution harms the planet and their own health, they will be more willing to take action to stop it. Schools can teach students about environmental protection, and TV and the Internet can spread information about pollution and ways to reduce it.
Second, governments play a key role. 48______ They can also provide support for the development of clean energy, like solar energy and wind energy. In addition, governments can set up strict rules to punish those who pollute the environment.
Third, individuals can make a difference too. 49______ We can also save water and electricity, and recycle paper, plastic and glass. Every small action we take can help reduce pollution.
50______ If we work together—governments, schools, and individuals—we can protect our planet and make it a cleaner and healthier place for everyone.
A. We can use public transport instead of driving cars to reduce air pollution.
B. It causes many problems, such as climate change, health issues and the death of animals.
C. They can make laws to control the amount of waste released by factories.
D. The most important thing is to make people realize the seriousness of pollution.
E. In conclusion, solving pollution is not an easy task, but it’s not impossible either.
第五大题：情景交际（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据情景提示，完成下列各题。
51. 你看到有人在公园里乱扔垃圾，你想阻止他，你可以这样说：
_________________________________________________
52.你的朋友问你应该怎样减少白色污染，你建议他使用布袋，你可以这样说：
_________________________________________________
53.你告诉同学噪音污染会影响人们的睡眠，你可以这样说：
_________________________________________________
54.老师问你为了保护地球，你每天都做些什么，你回答说你离开房间时会关灯，你可以这样说：
_________________________________________________
55.你和家人讨论如何处理旧衣服，你建议捐赠给需要的人而不是扔掉，你可以这样说：
_________________________________________________
第六大题：看图写话（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据每小题所提供的图画和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。（提示词必须全部使用，句子语法正确，意思完整）
56.
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57.
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58.
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59.
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60.
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七、阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词、要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。（10分）
Chinese people have used wind power for thousands of years. Because of the need of war, Zhang Liang 61_______(invent) the kite. To go abroad to do business with foreigners, Zheng He used wind to drive his big ships.
Wind power is 62_______clean resource of energy. Now we use 63_______to make electricity mainly. Wind makes windmills spin (风车旋转). When the windmills spin, they make electricity. It is said that there are 64_______(million) of windmills in the world now. Why is wind power so popular
First, it’s clean. Windmills don’t pollute the environment at all. Second, we can use wind power forever (永久) because there is always wind in nature. Some people are afraid that windmills will kill birds. It used to be true, but it isn’t true any more. Old windmills killed birds 65_______they spun very fast. New windmills spin 66_______(slow), and they aren’t dangerous to birds. Some people say building windmills will be 67_______(harm) to the environment. There is still someone worrying about it. As long as we choose the right places, they won’t destroy the environment around. Also, windmills are always in unfrequented (人烟稀少的) places, so their noises can’t disturb us at all.
Wind power is 68_______(become) more and more common. So far, more than 80 countries have used wind power 69_______making electricity. About 2.5 percent of the world’s power comes 70_______the wind.
八、书面表达。（15分）
人类只有一个地球。根据提示，以“Saving the Earth”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。
提示：1.如何保护环境已成为世界最大难题之一；
2.各种污染破坏环境，损害健康；
3.不要乱倒垃圾，乱排废水；
4.我们应该保护环境，使我们的家园更加美丽。
Saving the Earth
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________仁爱版九上英语 Unit 2 Saving the earth Topic 1
单元高频考点必刷卷答案解析
一、单项选择题
1. 答案：B
解析：句子前半部分为主句，后半部分需用非谓语动词作结果状语。“工厂排放废水”与“造成污染”是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故选B。
2. 答案：A
解析：A选项“affect”为动词，意为“影响”，符合句中“空气污染如何影响健康”的谓语动词需求；B选项“effect”是名词，需搭配“have an effect on”使用；C选项“influence”侧重潜移默化的影响，此处语境更侧重直接影响；D选项“afford”意为“承担得起”，与语境无关，故选A。
3. 答案：B
解析：“reduce”后需接名词作宾语，“the use of plastic bags”表示“塑料袋的使用”，为正确搭配；A选项“use”作动词时不能直接接在“reduce”后，作名词时缺少定冠词和“of”；C选项“using of”表述错误，应为“the use of”；D选项“used”为过去分词，不符合语法，故选B。
4. 答案：C
解析：句子中“采取措施”的目的是“改善空气质量”，需用不定式作目的状语，“take measures to do sth”为固定搭配，故选C。
5. 答案：A
解析：此处需形容词作表语，描述“人们随意扔垃圾”这件事的性质。A选项“disappointing”修饰事物，意为“令人失望的”；B选项“disappointed”修饰人，意为“感到失望的”；C选项“disappoint”为动词；D选项“disappointment”为名词，故选A。
6. 答案：A
解析：A选项“give off”意为“释放、发出”，符合“新能源汽车不释放有害气体”的语境；B选项“give up”意为“放弃”；C选项“give in”意为“屈服”；D选项“give away”意为“赠送”，均与语境不符，故选A。
7. 答案：C
解析：A选项“take off”意为“起飞、脱下”；B选项“take out”意为“取出”；C选项“take place”意为“发生、举行”，符合“清理公园的项目何时举行”的语境；D选项“take away”意为“拿走”，故选C。
8. 答案：C
解析：句子为“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句需用一般将来时，故选C。
9. 答案：A
解析：“噪音污染影响睡眠和工作”是客观事实，即使主句为一般过去时，宾语从句仍用一般现在时，故选A。
10. 答案：B
解析：“by”为介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式，“by making small changes”表示“通过做出小改变”，故选B。
11. 答案：D
解析：句子主语“trees”与“plant”是被动关系，且时间状语“last year”表明用一般过去时，需用一般过去时的被动语态“were planted”，故选D。
12. 答案：B
解析：“remind sb to do sth”为固定搭配，意为“提醒某人做某事”，“remind me to turn off the lights”表示“提醒我关灯”，故选B。
13. 答案：B
解析：句子为一般疑问句，需用“anything”表示“任何事情”；A选项“something”常用于肯定句；C选项“nothing”意为“没有事情”；D选项“everything”意为“一切事情”，均不符合语境，故选B。
14. 答案：C
解析：“纪录片”与“播放”是被动关系，时间状语“last night”表明用一般过去时，需用一般过去时的被动语态“was shown”，故选C。
15. 答案：B
解析：句子中“保护环境”作主语，需用动名词形式“protecting”；A选项“protect”为动词原形，不能作主语；C选项“protected”为过去分词；D选项“to protecting”表述错误，应为“to protect”，故选B。
二、完形填空
16. 答案：A
解析：“pour...into...”为固定搭配，意为“把……倒入……”，“pour waste water into rivers and lakes”表示“把废水排入河流和湖泊”，故选A。
17. 答案：B
解析：废水使水变脏，对鱼类和其他水生生物来说是危险的。A选项“safe”意为“安全的”；B选项“dangerous”意为“危险的”；C选项“comfortable”意为“舒适的”；D选项“easy”意为“容易的”，故选B。
18. 答案：C
解析：污染的空气会损害肺部，引发疾病。A选项“help”意为“帮助”；B选项“improve”意为“改善”；C选项“damage”意为“损害”；D选项“protect”意为“保护”，故选C。
19. 答案：B
解析：后文提到“但噪音污染也有害”，可推断前文指噪音污染常被忽视（忘记）。A选项“noticed”意为“注意到”；B选项“forgotten”意为“被忘记”；C选项“remembered”意为“被记住”；D选项“mentioned”意为“被提及”，故选B。
20. 答案：A
解析： loud噪音会伤害听力。A选项“hurt”意为“伤害”；B选项“help”意为“帮助”；C选项“improve”意为“改善”；D选项“save”意为“拯救”，故选A。
21. 答案：C
解析：为减少污染，应停止到处扔垃圾。A选项“keep”意为“保持”；B选项“start”意为“开始”；C选项“stop”意为“停止”；D选项“continue”意为“继续”，故选C。
22. 答案：A
解析：树木能吸收空气中的有害气体。A选项“take in”意为“吸收”；B选项“take out”意为“取出”；C选项“take off”意为“起飞”；D选项“take up”意为“占据”，故选A。
23. 答案：B
解析：每个人都要意识到保护环境的重要性。A选项“forget”意为“忘记”；B选项“realize”意为“意识到”；C选项“ignore”意为“忽视”；D选项“doubt”意为“怀疑”，故选B。
24. 答案：A
解析：共同努力就能减少污染。A选项“reduce”意为“减少”；B选项“increase”意为“增加”；C选项“create”意为“创造”；D选项“find”意为“找到”，故选A。
25. 答案：B
解析：“make a big difference”为固定搭配，意为“产生重大影响”，故选B。
三、阅读理解
(A)
26. 答案：B
解析：根据原文“sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish”可知，海龟将塑料袋误认为水母，故选B。
27. 答案：B
解析：根据原文“When they eat the plastic bags, they can’t digest them, which leads to death”可知，海龟无法消化塑料袋，进而导致死亡，故选B。
28. 答案：C
解析：根据原文“Plastic waste also breaks down into tiny pieces called microplastics”可知，微塑料是塑料垃圾分解后的小碎片，故选C。
29. 答案：B
解析：根据原文“fish and other sea creatures eat them. Then, when humans eat these fish, the microplastics enter our bodies”可知，人类通过吃体内含有微塑料的鱼，使微塑料进入人体，故选B。
30. 答案：C
解析：根据原文“many countries have started to ban single-use plastics”可知，许多国家禁止一次性塑料，A选项“禁止所有塑料”表述错误，B、D选项原文未提及，故选C。
(B)
31. 答案：B
解析：根据原文“Beijing...used to have serious air pollution problems”可知，北京过去有严重的空气污染问题，故选B。
32. 答案：A
解析：根据原文“some even stayed indoors to avoid breathing polluted air”可知，人们通过待在室内避免吸入污染空气，B、C、D选项是改善空气质量的措施，并非人们避免吸入污染空气的做法，故选A。
33. 答案：C
解析：根据原文“the number of cars on the road was limited”可知，政府限制路上的汽车数量，A选项“在城市建更多工厂”、B选项“鼓励用煤取暖”与原文措施相反，D选项“要求每天戴口罩”并非政府措施，故选C。
34. 答案：B
解析：前文提到空气质量改善，可推断雾霾天数量减少，“decreased”意为“减少”，故选B。
35. 答案：B
解析：根据原文“Thanks to these measures, the air quality in Beijing has improved a lot”可知，政府的措施效果显著，A选项“空气质量仍很差”、C选项“仍每天戴口罩”与原文不符，D选项“所有工厂都排浓烟”表述绝对，故选B。
(C)
36. 答案：B
解析：根据原文“such as using too many pesticides in farming...caused by many things”可知，农业中使用过多农药会导致土壤污染，A、C、D选项原文未提及，故选B。
37. 答案：C
解析：根据原文“plants absorb the harmful substances...animals eat these plants...humans eat these animals or the plants”可知，人类通过吃吸收了有害物质的动植物摄入有害物质，A、B、D选项原文未提及，故选C。
38. 答案：B
解析：后文提到“ fewer plants can grow in it”，可推断土壤污染使土壤肥力下降，“fertile”意为“肥沃的”，故选B。
39. 答案：C
解析：根据原文“Soil pollution also makes the soil less fertile. This means that fewer plants can grow in it, which affects agriculture”可知，土壤污染导致植物生长减少，进而影响农业，A、B、D选项与原文不符，故选C。
40. 答案：C
解析：根据原文“We should also recycle waste instead of dumping it on the ground”可知，应回收垃圾而非倾倒，A、B、D选项与原文建议相反，故选C。
(D)
41. 答案：A
解析：根据原文“caused by loud sounds from different sources, such as traffic, construction sites, factories, and even loud music”可知，噪音污染来源包括交通、建筑工地、工厂和 loud音乐，B、C、D选项分别是塑料、水污染和垃圾相关，与噪音污染无关，故选A。
42. 答案：B
解析：根据原文“Long-term exposure to loud noise can damage our hearing”可知，长期暴露在噪音中会损害听力，A、C、D选项原文未提及，故选B。
43. 答案：C
解析：根据原文“Loud noises at night can make it hard for people to fall asleep or stay asleep”可知，噪音使人们难以入睡，A、B、D选项与原文不符，故选C。
44. 答案：C
解析：原文既提到噪音污染影响人类健康，也提到“affect animals”，可知人类和动物都会受影响，故选C。
45. 答案：B
解析：根据原文“Individuals can also do their part. We can keep our music down, avoid honking car horns unnecessarily”可知，个人可通过调低音乐、避免不必要鸣笛减少噪音污染，A、C、D选项是政府的做法，故选B。
四、阅读短文，还原句子
46. 答案：B
解析：前文提到污染是全球问题，后文讲共同努力可解决，此处应衔接污染带来的问题，B选项“它导致许多问题，如气候变化、健康问题和动物死亡”符合逻辑，故选B。
47. 答案：D
解析：前文提到教育很重要，后文讲人们了解污染危害后会采取行动，此处应强调让人们意识到污染的严重性，D选项“最重要的是让人们意识到污染的严重性”符合语境，故选D。
48. 答案：C
解析：前文讲政府起关键作用，后文讲政府支持清洁能源、制定惩罚规则，此处应衔接政府的具体措施，C选项“他们可以制定法律控制工厂排放的废物量”符合逻辑，故选C。
49. 答案：A
解析：前文讲个人也能发挥作用，后文讲节约用水电、回收资源，此处应列举个人的具体行动，A选项“我们可以乘公共交通而非开车以减少空气污染”符合语境，故选A。
50. 答案：E
解析：后文是总结共同努力的重要性，此处应进行总结，E选项“总之，解决污染不易，但并非不可能”起到总结作用，故选E。
五、情景交际
51. 答案：Please don't throw rubbish everywhere. It will pollute the environment of the park.
解析：先明确阻止乱扔垃圾的请求，再说明危害，符合情景，语气礼貌且理由充分。
52. 答案：You can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. It helps reduce white pollution.
解析：直接给出“使用布袋”的建议，同时说明对减少白色污染的作用，符合要求。
53. 答案：Noise pollution can affect people's sleep. It may make people unable to fall asleep or stay asleep well.
解析：清晰表达噪音污染对睡眠的影响，补充具体影响（无法入睡或睡不好），使内容更完整。
54. 答案：To protect the earth, I turn off the lights when I leave the room every day to save electricity.
解析：结合“保护地球”的语境，说明自己“离开房间关灯”的行为及目的（省电），符合回答要求。
55. 答案：We shouldn't throw away old clothes. Instead, we can donate them to people in need.
解析：先否定“扔掉旧衣服”，再提出“捐赠给需要的人”的建议，符合讨论场景。
六、看图写话
由于未看到图片，以下为基于提示词的合理示例，实际需结合图片情景调整：
56. 答案：The harmful gases from factories pollute the air seriously.
解析：使用提示词“harmful”，描述工厂有害气体污染空气的情景，语法正确。
57. 答案：We have already visited the environmental protection museum.
解析：使用提示词“already”“visit”，用现在完成时表示“已经参观过环保博物馆”，符合语法。
59. 答案：He used to get up early to pick up rubbish in the community.
解析：使用提示词“used to”“early”，表示“他过去常早起在社区捡垃圾”，符合“used to do sth”的语法结构。
60. 答案：We shouldn't pour waste water into the river.
解析：使用提示词“shouldn't”，表达“我们不应该把废水倒入河流”的建议，符合情景。
七、短文填空
61. 答案：invented
解析：“张良发明风筝”是过去的事情，用一般过去时，“invent”的过去式为“invented”。
62. 答案：a
解析：“clean resource”为可数名词单数，且“clean”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词“a”。
63. 答案：it
解析：此处指代前文的“wind power”，用代词“it”。
64. 答案：millions
解析：“millions of”为固定搭配，意为“数百万的”，表示不确定的数量。
65. 答案：because
解析：前文“旧风车杀死鸟类”与后文“旋转快”是因果关系，用“because”引导原因状语从句。
66. 答案：slowly
解析：修饰动词“spin”需用副词，“slow”的副词形式为“slowly”。
67. 答案：harmful
解析：“be harmful to”为固定搭配，意为“对……有害”，“harm”的形容词形式为“harmful”。
68. 答案：becoming
解析：根据“is”和语境，此处用现在进行时，“become”的现在分词形式为“becoming”。
69. 答案：for
解析：“use sth for doing sth”为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，用介词“for”。
70. 答案：from
解析：“come from”为固定搭配，意为“来自”，表示“世界上约2.5%的电力来自风能”。
八、书面表达
Saving the Earth
Now, how to protect the environment has become one of the world's biggest problems. Various kinds of pollution are destroying the environment and harming people's health. For example, water pollution makes clean drinking water scarce, and air pollution causes many illnesses.
We must take action to stop pollution. We shouldn't throw rubbish everywhere or pour waste water into rivers and lakes. What's more, we can use reusable products instead of single-use plastics and plant more trees to clean the air.
Protecting the earth is everyone's duty. If we all work hard, we will make our home more beautiful and livable.
