2026年仁爱科普版中考英语专项复习 定语从句 讲义

定语从句
基本
概念 定语从句 用来修饰，限定名次或者代词的品质与特征的，被翻译成：“…的”：
先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词，代词
关系词的作用 ①引导定语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中作成分
小试牛刀-- 找出句子中的定语并指出其词性
1 Lucy's father is a poor worker.
2 The man under the tree is my teacher.
3 The swimming boy is my brother.
4 He is the first student to come to the school.
5 This is the book that I need.
关系词
看定语从句中缺少什么成分，缺少主宾表定--关系代词，缺少时间/地点/原因状语--关系副词
关系
代词 先行词 在从句中充当成分
that 　 　
which 　 　
who 　 　
whose 　 　
关系
副词 先行词 在从句中充当成分
when 　 　
where 　 　
why 　 　
I'll never forget the day when I joined the team.
总结：when 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示_____________的名词，
关系词在从句中作___________.
(time / day / morning / night / week / year...)
The school where my son studies is near a park.
总结：where 引导定语从句时，先行词表示______________的名词，
关系词在句子中作：____________
(place / street / house / room / city / country...)
There are mmany reasonns why peoplle like traveling.
总结：关系副词why 引导的定语从句先行词一般为_____________,
定语从句中作___________
I'll never forget the days that / which I spent in Shanghai.
(which / that 作spent的___________)
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is beautiful in autumn.
(which 作is的____________)
Is this the reasons that / which he gave at the meeting
(that / which 作gave的__________)
总结：先行词虽然表示地点，时间或者原因，但关系词在定语从句中作主语，宾语时，定语从句的引导词应为 that / which, 不可用when 、 why 、where.
小试牛刀
1 I still remember the day _______________ I first came to Beijing.
2 This is the house ________ I lived 2 years ago.
3 This is the house _________ I bought 2 years ago.
4 The reason ____________ he was late is that his car broke down.
5 The reason ____________ he gave us is not reasonable.
6 This is the room _____________ window faces south.
如何写定语从句
1 找出两个简单句的共有成分。
2 去定主从句，主句_____________,从句____________________.
3 将从句中的共有成分去掉
4 用关系词引导剩余的从句，并紧接着被修饰词后面。
小试牛刀--将下列句子写成含有定语从句的复合句
1 The man is our headmaster. You shook hands with the man just now.
定语从句：
2 I saw a boy and his dog. The boy and his dog were talking in the park.
定语从句：
3 The animal is endangered. We should protect the animal.
定语从句：
4 The environment has changed greatly. Many wild animals are living in the enviornment.
定语从句：
定语从句的易错点
1 You should hand in all that belongs to you.
2 The only thing that we can do is give you some advice.
3 This is the best way that has been used against pollution.
4 It's the first American movie that I've ever seen.
5 They will never forget the things and personns that they've seen or heard of during their long journey.
6 There is still a lot of homework that we have to do in our spare time.
7 Who is the girl that is talking to Tom
8 Which is the house that caught fire last night
总结：关系代词只用that不用which的情况
1 当先行词为_________,______,___________,_________,__________,__________等________________.
2 先行词被very、____________、the just 等
3 当先行词被形容词的______________或_______________修饰时
4 当先行词既包括_____________又包括___________时
5 先行词在_________________后
6 定语从句位于who 、 which开头的问句中。
填写适当的关系词
1
The girl ______ won the singing competition is my classmate.
2 This is the museum ______ we visited last summer.
3 The book ______ cover is red belongs to Lisa.
4 I still remember the day ______ I got my first puppy.
5 The boy ______ you met yesterday is my cousin.
6 The park ______ we play basketball every weekend is closing soon.
7 She is the teacher ______ teaches us physics.
8 The movie ______ made me cry was very touching.
9 Do you know the reason ______ he was late
10 The cake ______ my mom baked smells delicious.
11 The man ______ car is parked outside needs help.
12 Summer is the season ______ flowers bloom everywhere.
13 This is the house ______ my grandparents lived for 50 years.
14 The dog ______ barks loudly is our neighbor's pet.
15 The smartphone ______ I bought last month works perfectly.
16 The student ______ answers the question correctly will get a prize.
17 The year ______ I went to Beijing was 2020.
18 The woman ______ you saw in the office is our new manager.
19 The restaurant ______ serves spicy food is very popular.
20 The story ______ he told us was really exciting.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别
形式 限制性 ________逗号隔开，紧挨
非限制性 __________逗号隔开，不挨
小试牛刀---判断下列定语从句的类型并且翻译他们。
1 He came out top in the exam, which made his family very happy.
2 In this the reason why he is late again.
3 On my birthday I got a watch from my uncle, which was made in Iapan.
4 Her parents would't let her marry anyone whose family was very poor.
5 I, who am your best friend, will help you out.
定语从句中主谓一致用法
1 先行词作主语，that / which / who 从句位于和主语保持一致。
Anyone who __________(break) the law will be punished.
Those who _________(are) for the plan, raise your hand please.
2 先行词是one of … 结构，定语从句中谓语用复数；先行词是the only / very one of…,谓语用单数。
It’s one of the students who ____________(read) the book.
She is the only one of the girls who knows English.
定语从句翻译练习
1. 我最喜欢的老师是李老师 （教给我英语知识和成长的智慧的）
My favorite teacher Miss Li who has taught me knowledge of English and wisdom for growth.
2. 你应该和你的妈妈加强交流 （做任何事都是因为爱你的）
You should have more communication with your mom who does everything out of love for you.
3. 你应该和中国学生交朋友 （可以和中国学生练习口语的）
You should make friends with Chinese students with people who you can practice your spoken English.
4. 我建议购买一些科普类书籍 （有助于培养孩子对科学的兴趣的）
I advise buying some popular science books which can help develop their interests in science.
5. 越来越多的人毕业后选择出国留学，这有很多好处。
An increasing number of people choose to study abroad after graduation,
which can bring a great many benefits.
6. 在我看来，在业余时间参加社会实践可以提高他们能力和技能，这将使他们终身受益。
In my opinion/view,taking part in social pratice in their spare time can improve their abilities and skills, which will bring them lifelong benefits.
7. 此外，学生可以从社会实践中获得宝贵的经验，这将有助于他们以后的未来生活。
Moreover, students can gain the valuable experience from soocial practice,
which will bring great benefits for their future life.
8. 总之，我们应该号召人们过低碳生活，这对帮助我们保护环境有好处。
All in all, we had better call on people to live a low carbon life, which can help us protect the enviornment.
9. 如果你想要保持健康，你需要避免吃那些对身体有害的垃圾食品。
If you want to keep healthy, you need avoid eating junk food which is bad for your body.
10. 当我们感到压力大时，我们可以做一些能让我们放松的事情。
When we feel stressed, we can do something that can make us relaxed.
11. 我相信那些养成良好习惯的人会远离疾病。
I believe that the people who keep good habits can stay away from diseases.
12. 学生需要学会恰当地安排时间，这对他们来说很重要。
Students need to learn how to manage their time properly, which is important for them.
13. 我将写信给你一些建议，这将帮助你学会明智地利用你的钱。
I'm writing to give you some suggestions which can help you learn to use your money wisely.