（期中培优卷）期中素养达标培优卷（含答案解析）-2025-2026学年九年级全册英语北师大版
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| 名称 | （期中培优卷）期中素养达标培优卷（含答案解析）-2025-2026学年九年级全册英语北师大版 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2025-10-23 18:06:07 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级全册英语期中素养达标培优卷北师大版
满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．Do you know who is the first woman ________
A．in the space B．on the space C．in space D．on space
2．We need to drink ________ water to stay healthy.
A．a plenty of B．plenty of C．a little of D．little of
3．The doctor advised my father to ________ smoking for his health.
A．give in B．give up C．give to D．give away
4．He likes to share his happiness ________ his friends.
A．to B．for C．and D．with
5．When the teacher ________ the classroom, the students were reading English.
A．go into B．went into C．goes into D．gone into
6．He is known to the people in the city ________ his song.
A．because B．because of C．as to D．as for
7．His grandfather _________ since 2014.
A．has died B．died C．has been dead D．was dead
8．Why not ________ a used car if you don’t have enough money
A．buying B．to buy C．buy D．to buying
9．In fact, they don’t want to visit the History Museum ________.
A．in all B．at all C．after all D．above all
10．They ________ leave their hometown during the war.
A．are forcing to B．are forced to C．were forcing to D．were forced to
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
Have you ever used the brush pen（毛笔） The brush pen was 11 thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick（棍）or a piece of bamboo. It was 12 for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian 13 the pen. Meng was a general of the Qin State. When Meng and his army fought against the Chu State, he had to report the situation 14 his king by letter. But his pen caused him much trouble, 15 he kept thinking of ways to improve it.
One day, Meng went out to catch some 16 rabbits. Several hours later, he went back with some rabbits. Suddenly, he found one rabbit’s tail left a long trail（痕迹）on the ground. Then he had a 17 , “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, it may be easy to write with it.”
When he arrived home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried 18 with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well. Meng was so 19 that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole.
However, Meng didn’t 20 trying. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. 21 , it could work well on silk. The rain had cleaned the oil from the hair, so the hair was not as 22 as before. Meng 23 at last.
The brush pen plays an important 24 in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pen in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps 25 understand Chinese culture better.
11．A．locked B．invented C．divided D．bowed
12．A．easy B．interesting C．difficult D．excellent
13．A．folded B．admired C．limited D．improved
14．A．to B．of C．into D．above
15．A．if B．though C．until D．so
16．A．thirsty B．deep C．dry D．wild
17．A．mark B．screen C．thought D．party
18．A．speaking B．listening C．reading D．writing
19．A．upset B．excited C．nervous D．happy
20．A．get up B．give up C．put up D．look up
21．A．Widely B．Badly C．Surprisingly D．Independently
22．A．smooth B．long C．tiny D．magical
23．A．escaped B．printed C．succeeded D．disappeared
24．A．game B．work C．part D．brain
25．A．it B．them C．us D．you
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Scientists are known for being creative and full of new ideas. Recently, they added amazing ideas to the following inventions that make a big difference to people’s lives.
The Robot SuitcaseIf you are afraid to forget something at the airport, you will love the idea behind this robot suitcase. First, the suitcase can follow its owner. It can also stay away from other things on its way. It can even call the police when someone is trying to take it away.
Electronic ChopsticksScientists at an American university have invented a pair of electronic chopsticks that can change the taste of food. When you put the chopsticks in your mouth, they can make the taste become better, such as making sweet food taste sweeter or salty food less salty. Soon the scientists are going to try their technology on bottles, cups and spoons.
Talking GlovesA pair of gloves helps people to communicate with someone who has hearing and speaking problems. The gloves are equipped with sensors (传感器). They recognize body language and translate it into text on a smartphone. Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words. Thus, you can understand disabled people’s body language easily.
Environmental ShoesEvery step you take is helping cut down the air pollution. This is not in science fiction. A team from Europe has invented such a pair of shoes. The shoes can take in dirty air and send out clean air. If you wear the shoes and walk one kilometer, the shoes can clean the air polluted by eight cars.
26．How many uses of the “Robot Suitcase” are mentioned
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
27．If today’s dish is too salty, which invention can people use to change the taste of food
A．The shoes. B．The gloves. C．The suitcase. D．The chopsticks.
28．What can “Talking Gloves” help people to understand
A．Spoken words. B．Written words. C．Body language. D．The text on the smartphone.
29．What can the shoes invented by the team from Europe do
A．Drive cars. B．Take in dirty air.
C．Pollute the clean air. D．Play science fiction.
30．Where can you probably read this passage
A．In a storybook. B．In a tour guide book.
C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a technology magazine.
B
Smart Home means all the devices (设备) at home are intelligent. The real magic of Smart Home is to make all the devices at home work together as a smart system. It can provide you with a different living experience. ▲
When you arrive at home, the door will open and say “welcome home” to you. At the same time, the light will turn on so that you can see clearly. The air conditioner (空调) will offer the comfortable temperature as you wish. Your favorite TV show will be played as ordered. Your voice can control TV and other devices easily. The sweeping robot will work for you on time.Green and Safe
All your smart devices at home have energy-saving patterns. The light will always give the proper brightness depending on the environment inside. If you leave home, the air conditioner can sense nobody in and turn off. When there is something unusual at your home, the smart alarm system will remind you on the phone.
31．Many devices are mentioned EXCEPT ________ in the passage.
A．light B．fridge C．air conditioner D．sweeping robot
32．Which title can be put in the ▲
A．Convenient and Comfortable B．Traditional and Convenient
C．Independent and Traditional D．Comfortable and Educational
33．What can the smart alarm system do at Smart Home
A．Help you with housework. B．Provide you with pleasant temperature.
C．Give you proper brightness. D．Let you know unusual things on the phone.
34．In which kind of magazine can you read this passage
A．Sports. B．Art. C．Science. D．History.
35．What does the word “green” mean at Smart Home
A．The color of all the devices is green.
B．The life is full of hope and happiness.
C．All the devices are new, fashionable and modern.
D．The devices save energy and protect the environment.
C
Do you know that 93 percent of our communication is through our body We call it body language. This can include the body-gesture language, head-neck language, sign language, face language and looks language. In different cultural backgrounds, the same movement might have quite different meanings, which, as a result, may usually lead to misunderstanding in communication. Misuse of body language can be an unpleasant or even dangerous experience.
In 1992, the President George H. W. Bush made a state visit to Australia. People lined up along the roadside to welcome the American President who greeted them with raised fingers in the form of “V” with the back of his hand toward the onlookers. The following morning a headline in a local newspaper announced that the American President insulted (侮辱) the Australians. In Australia, the “V” sign with the back of the hand equals to the middle finger. But in America it means victory.
Have you understood the importance of body language Pay attention to the following and you will realize that they are very helpful when you are in Australia.
Men in Australia shake hands instead of kissing when they meet. In China, thumbing up means “You are good”. However, it’s rude in Australia. If an Australian laughs at others, he makes his thumb down. If you want to order a glass of beer in the bar, just hold up your forefinger. And in social situation, you shouldn’t yawn or stretch yourself.
Keep these in mind and have a nice trip in Australia.
36．How many body languages did the author mention in the first paragraph
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
37．What did the Australians think of American President Bush after he visited Australia in 1992
A．He was friendly to Australia. B．He was rude and impolite.
C．He was a lovely person. D．He was a real man.
38．How should you act if you want to have beer in the bar of Australia
A．You can put your thumb up. B．You can shake hands.
C．You can raise your fingers. D．You can hold up your forefinger.
39．After we read the passage, we learn that _______.
A．we only communicate by using words
B．Bush’s visit to Australia in 1992 is successful
C．it’s impolite to thumb down in Australia
D．you can stretch yourself in public in Australia
40．Who is the passage written for
A．Tourists. B．Businessmen. C．Officials. D．Players.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
Japanese researchers have invented a special kind of electric chopstick recently. 41 So the chopsticks can help people take in less salt while they are enjoying delicious food.
42 The chopsticks are connected to a small device (装置) worn by the eater. Weak electricity carries sodium ions (钠离子) from food through the chopsticks to the mouth. They’ll create a sense of saltiness in the mouth. As a result, the salty taste increases by 1. 5 times.
The traditional diet in Japan is salty. 43 That is twice the amount (数量) one should take in according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Too much salt intake may lead to high blood pressure, strokes (中风) and some other illnesses.
44 “If we try to avoid taking in too much salt in the usual ways, we need to delete a lot of our favorite food from our food list. Or we have to eat tasteless food," the researcher said. Now, the electric chopsticks provide us with another way to take in less salt.
How amazing the electric chopsticks are! You may be looking forward to using them. 45
The scientists are improving their chopsticks and hope to have them ready to sell as early as next year.
A．How do the chopsticks work
B．The chopsticks can make food taste saltier.
C．When were the electric chopsticks invented
D．But now they are not available in the market.
E．To stay away from these illnesses, we need to eat less salt.
F．A Japanese adult usually eats about 10 grams of salt each day.
G．He has also invented a television screen that allows people to taste the flavors (味道) of different foods.
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
When you see quite a beautiful girl on the street, which word will you use to describe the beauty of her In Chinese, we may use these Chinese 46 (say) as Chenyuluoyan or Biyuexiuhua. However, do you know where they are from
In Chinese ancient history, there were four well-known beauties named Xi Shi, Wang Zhaojun, Diao Chan and Yang Yuhuan. Here are two stories 47 Xi Shi and Wang Zhaojun.
Xi Shi lived during the Spring and Autumn period. One day, she went to a river 48 (wash) silk with her friends. Some fish were swimming in the clear water. When the fish saw Xi Shi, they swam down to the bottom of the water 49 (quick). The fish 50 (shock) by the beauty of Xi Shi and felt embarrassed of 51 (they).
Wang Zhaojun lived during the Han Dynasty. The king of Han wanted to send her to the king of the enemy country as 52 gift. A few days later, while Wang was on the way with a group of guards, something interesting happened. There was a wild goose 53 (fly) above the head of Wang Zhaojun. It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang 54 it even forgot to flap wings. Then it fell down heavily into the forest.
Nowadays, if a girl’s beauty is overwhelming, we can say she is the one that “can make the fish sink and the wild goose 55 (fall).”
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
从方框中选择适当的词语并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。
One used another bought opens whenever talking brother without but also
“Thank you” is widely 56 in a modern society. It is a very good manner. You should say “Thank you” 57 others help you or say something kind to you. For example, when someone 58 the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have 59 a nice shirt, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. It is used not only between friends, 60 between parents and children, 61 and sisters, husbands and wives.
“Excuse me” is 62 short polite usage. We use it the same as “Thank you”. When you hear someone says so behind you, you’ll get to know that somebody wants to walk past 63 touching you. It is not polite to interrupt (打断) others while they are 64 .
If you want to have a word with one of them, please say “Excuse me” 65 , and then begin to talk. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right situation.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，回答下列问题。
Building Schools with Bottles
By Tracy Vonder Brink
Is your school made of bricks or concrete blocks Many are. But some classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador were built a different way—with bottles full of trash! Hug It Forward—bottle schools use plastic bottles, trash, and lots of community helpers. Let’s see how they do it!
First, kids and other helpers pick up trash. They’ll burn plastic bags and chip wrappers into eco-bricks. Each classroom takes about 3,500 eco-bricks to build. That’s around one ton of trash!
To make eco-bricks, the kids stuff empty plastic bags and chip wrappers into cleaned plastic bottles. They need about 80 plastic bags or around 100 chip wrappers to fill one bottle all the way to the top.
Helpers from the community build frames for the classroom walls. They add chicken wire to hold the eco-bricks.
The eco-bricks are tied in rows between the layers of chicken wire. Any gaps are filled with more plastic bags.
Rows and rows of eco-bricks make up the walls. They are just as strong and last as long as other kinds of walls.
66．How are the classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador built differently
67．What are the materials used to build the bottle schools
68．How many eco-bricks are needed to build one classroom
69．How are the eco-bricks made
70．Are the walls made of eco-bricks as strong as other kinds of walls
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）71．太空是浩瀚的、神秘的。人类对宇宙一直不断地探索，请根据你所学的太空知识，描述一下你心目中的宇宙。再结合你自己的感想，向同学们说说你未来的打算。可适当发挥。内容包括：
(1) universe, galaxy, solar system, earth, moon;
(2) scientists, do research about, Chinese space station;
(3) astronaut, in the future.
作文要求：
(1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
(2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：你知道谁是第一个进入太空的女性吗？
考查介词短语。in the space在这个空间中；on the space错误表达；in space在太空；on space错误表达。根据“the first woman”可知，此处想询问第一个进入太空的女性。故选C。
2．B
【解析】句意：我们需要喝足够的水来保持健康。
考查形容词短语。a plenty of错误表达；plenty of很多的，大量的，既可以修饰可数名词复数，又可以修饰不可数名词；a little/little 可直接修饰不可数名词，CD是错误表达。根据“to stay healthy”可知，喝很多水能保持健康。故选B。
3．B
【解析】句意：医生建议我父亲为了他的健康放弃吸烟。
考查动词短语。give in屈服；give up放弃；give to给予；give away赠送/泄露。根据“The doctor advised my father to...smoking for his health.”可知，医生出于健康的考虑，建议父亲戒烟，即放弃吸烟。故选B。
4．D
【解析】句意：他喜欢和朋友们分享他的快乐。
考查介词和连词辨析。to到；for为了；and并且；with和。根据“He likes to share his happiness … his friends.”可知，此处为固定短语share with“和……分享”。故选D。
5．B
【解析】句意：当老师走进教室时，学生们正在读英语。
考查动词时态。根据“the students were reading English”可知，主句为过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时。go into意为“进入”，其过去式为went into。故选B。
6．B
【解析】句意：他因他的歌曲为这座城市的人们所熟知。
考查介词短语。because因为，引导原因状语从句；because of因为，后跟名词；as to关于；as for至于。根据“He is known to the people in the city”可知，他因为歌曲而为人所熟知，空后为名词，应用because of。故选B。
7．C
【解析】句意：他的祖父自2014年起就去世了。
考查现在完成时。根据“since 2014.”可知是自2014年就去世了，从过去的时间点延续到现在用现在完成时态have/has done；die“死亡”，是非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用，应用be dead表状态，其完成时态的结构为have/has been dead。故选C。
8．C
【解析】句意：如果你没有足够的钱，为什么不买一辆二手车？
考查Why not结构的正确搭配。Why not do sth 是固定句型，表示建议，因此空处填动词原形。故选C。
9．B
【解析】句意：事实上，他们根本不想去参观历史博物馆。
考查介词短语辨析。in all总共；at all根本；after all毕竟；above all最重要的是。根据“In fact, they don’t want to visit the History Museum...”可知，此处表达他们根本不想去参观历史博物馆，not...at all“根本不，一点也不”。故选B。
10．D
【解析】句意：在战争期间他们被迫离开他们的家乡。
考查动词的时态和语态。are forcing to正在强迫，现在进行时主动语态；are forced to被强迫，一般现在时被动语态；were forcing to正在强迫，过去进行时主动语态；were forced to被强迫，一般过去时被动语态。分析句子可知，主语They此处表示被动含义，表示“他们被强迫”，使用被动语态。根据时间状语“during the war”可知，应用一般过去时态。故选D。
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．C 24．C 25．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了蒙恬改善毛笔的故事。
11．句意：毛笔在几千年以前就被发明了。
locked锁住；invented发明；divided分开；bowed鞠躬。根据“ The brush pen was ... thousands of years ago. ”可知，此处是被动语态，结合句意可知，应当是毛笔被发明。故选B。
12．句意：对人们来说在薄丝稠上写好字很困难。
easy容易的；interesting有趣的；difficult困难的；excellent出色的。根据“ If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, it may be easy to write with it.”可知，下文蒙恬考虑用兔毛可以让书写变得容易，因此此处指的是困难。故选C。
13．句意：据说蒙恬改善了毛笔。
folded折叠；admired钦慕；limited限制；improved改善。根据上文和“ It is said that Meng Tian ... the pen. ”可知，上文说书写起来比较难，此处应当是改善。故选D。
14．句意：他必须通过信件向国王报告情况。
to朝；of的；into进入；above在上面。根据“ he had to report the situation ... his king by letter.”可知，此处是向国王报告。故选A。
15．句意：所以他一直在思考改善毛笔的方法。
if如果；though虽然；until直到……为止；so所以。根据“ But his pen caused him much trouble, ... he kept thinking of ways to improve it.”可知，空格之后是前一句的结果，应用表示结果的连词。故选D。
16．句意：一天，蒙恬出去打猎，抓住了几只野兔。
thirsty渴的；deep深的；dry干燥的；wild野生的。根据“ One day, Meng went out to catch some ... rabbits.”可知，古代兔子应当是在野外打猎获得的，应当是野兔。故选D。
17．句意：然后他有了一个想法。
mark标记；screen屏幕；thought想法；party派对。根据“ If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, it may be easy to write with it.”可知，此处指的是蒙恬有了一个想法。故选C。
18．句意：他尝试把兔毛绑在棍子上并且尝试用它写字。
speaking说；listening听；reading阅读；writing写。根据“ Have you ever used the brush pen（毛笔）”可知，毛笔应当是用来写字的。故选D。
19．句意：蒙恬如此沮丧以至于他把他的发明扔进了一个石洞里。
upset沮丧的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的；happy开心的。根据“ he threw away his ‘invention’ into a stone hole”可知，发明的效果并不好，因此是沮丧的。故选A。
20．句意：然而，他并没有放弃尝试。
get up起床；give up放弃；put up张贴；look up查阅。根据“ However, ”可知，此处应当是转折，因此是没有放弃。故选B。
21．句意：令人惊讶的是，它可以在丝绸上写的很好。
Widely广泛地；Badly糟糕地；Surprisingly惊讶地；Independently独立地。根据“ it could work well on silk. ”可知，同样的东西，过了一段时间之后效果不一样，因此是令人惊讶的是。故选C。
22．句意：所以兔毛不像之前一样顺滑了。
smooth顺滑的；long长久的；tiny小的；magical魔幻的。根据“ But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well.”可知，上文是太顺滑了，因此此处是不如之前顺滑。故选A。
23．句意：蒙恬最终成功了。
escaped逃跑；printed打印；succeeded成功做；disappeared消失。根据“ at last.”可知，结合上文，兔毛笔写字很方便，因此蒙恬成功了。故选C。
24．句意：毛笔在中国文化中扮演了一个重要角色。
game游戏；work工作；part部分；brain脑。根据“ The brush pen plays an important ... in Chinese culture.”可知，此处是固定短语play an important part in“在……扮演重要角色”。故选C。
25．句意：它让生活更加多姿多彩并且帮助他们更好地理解中国文化。
it它；them他们；us我们；you你。根据“ It makes their life more colorful and helps ... understand Chinese culture better.”可知，此处指代上一句的学生，应用他们。故选B。
26．C 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文介绍了四种发明。
26．细节理解题。根据“First, the suitcase can follow its owner. It can also stay away from other things on its way. It can even call the police when someone is trying to take it away.”可知首先，行李箱可以跟随它的主人。它还可以在途中远离其他东西。当有人试图把它拿走时，它甚至可以报警。因此共提到三种用法。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“When you put the chopsticks in your mouth, they can make the taste become better, such as making sweet food taste sweeter or salty food less salty.”可知当你把筷子放进嘴里时，它们可以让味道变得更好，比如让甜食尝起来更甜，让咸味食物变得不那么咸。因此“电子筷子”可以改变食物的味道。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据“Thus, you can understand disabled people’s body language easily.”可知可以很容易地理解残疾人的肢体语言。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“The shoes can take in dirty air and send out clean air.”可知鞋子可以吸入肮脏的空气，并释放出干净的空气。故选B。
30．推理判断题。本文介绍了四种发明。因此可以在技术杂志上看到。故选D。
31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了智能家居通过各类智能设备协同工作，为人们带来方便、舒适、绿色、安全的全新生活体验。
31．细节理解题。根据“the light will turn on...The air conditioner...The sweeping robot...”可知文中提到了灯、空调和扫地机器人，没有提到冰箱。故选B。
32．最佳标题题。根据“When you arrive at home, the door will open...”可知第二段都在强调智能家居带来的方便与舒适。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据“When there is something unusual at your home, the smart alarm system will remind you on the phone.”可知智能报警系统会在手机端提醒你家中出现的异常情况。故选D。
34．推理判断题。本文介绍智能家居的科技原理及应用，属于科普类文章，最可能出现在科学杂志。故选C。
35．词句猜测题。根据“All your smart devices at home have energy-saving patterns”可知家里的所有智能设备都有节能模式，所以“green”指设备节能、环保。故选D。
36．C 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了体态语，不同的体态语在不同的国家意义不同，并介绍了在澳大利亚的一些体态语。
36．细节理解题。根据“This can include the body-gesture language, head-neck language, sign language, face language and looks language”可知体态语包括肢体语言、头颈语言、手语、面部语言和表情语言，一共5种语言。故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据“The following morning a headline in a local newspaper announced that the American President insulted (侮辱) the Australians”可知，澳大利亚人认为美国总统侮辱他们，可见他们认为美国总统是粗鲁和不礼貌的。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“If you want to order a glass of beer in the bar, just hold up your forefinger.”可知如果你想在酒吧点一杯啤酒，只需举起食指。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“If an Australian laughs at others, he makes his thumb down.”可知，如果一个澳大利亚人嘲笑别人，他会拇指朝下，这是不礼貌的。故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据“Keep these in mind and have a nice trip in Australia.”可知，本文是写给想去澳大利亚旅行的游客的。故选A。
41．B 42．A 43．F 44．E 45．D
【导语】本文介绍了日本研究人员最近发明了一种特殊的电动筷子，以帮助人们在享受美食的同时减少盐的摄入。
41．根据后文“So the chopsticks can help people take in less salt while they are enjoying delicious food.”可知，此处说摄入更少盐的原因，选项B“筷子可以使食物尝起来更咸。”符合。故选B。
42．根据“The chopsticks are connected to a small device ... the salty taste increases by 1. 5 times.”可知，此处概括全段内容，与筷子使食物尝起来更咸的原理有关，选项A“筷子是怎么用的？”符合。故选A。
43．根据后文“That is twice the amount one should take in according to the World Health Organization (WHO).”可知，此处与一个人的食盐量有关，选项F“一个日本成年人通常每天吃大约10克盐。”符合。故选F。
44．根据后文“‘If we try to avoid taking in too much salt in the usual ways ... the electric chopsticks provide us with another way to take in less salt.”可知，此处与少吃盐有关，选项E“为了远离这些疾病，我们需要少吃盐。”符合。故选E。
45．根据“You may be looking forward to using them.”及“The scientists are improving their chopsticks and hope to have them ready to sell as early as next year.”可知，目前无法使用，选项D“但是现在在市场上买不到。”符合。故选D。
46．sayings 47．about 48．to wash 49．quickly 50．were shocked 51．themselves 52．a 53．flying 54．that 55．fall
【导语】本文介绍了“沉鱼落雁”的来源，讲述了关于西施和王昭君的故事。
46．句意：在中国，我们可以把这些中国俗语称为“沉鱼落雁”或“闭月羞花”。“Chenyuluoyan or Biyuexiuhua”是两个成语，saying符合语境，此前有these修饰，使用名词复数形式。故填sayings。
47．句意：这里有两个关于西施和王昭君的故事。根据“Here are two stories...Xi Shi and Wang Zhaojun.”可知，是两个关于西施和王昭君的故事，about“关于”符合语境，故填about。
48．句意：一天，她和朋友们去河边洗丝绸。根据“she went to a river...silk with her friends”可知，去河边为了洗丝绸，用动词不定式形式，故填to wash。
49．句意：当鱼看到西施时，它们很快地游到了水底。此处在句中修饰动词用副词形式，故填quickly。
50．句意：鱼儿们被西施的美丽惊呆了，感到很尴尬。主语The fish是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were，故填were shocked。
51．句意：鱼儿们被西施的美丽惊呆了，感到很尴尬。此处指鱼儿们自己，用反身代词形式，故填themselves。
52．句意：韩王想把她作为礼物送给敌国的国王。此处泛指一个礼物，用不定冠词修饰，gift首字母发辅音音素，故填a。
53．句意：有一只大雁在王昭君的头上飞。根据“There was a wild goose…above the head of Wang Zhaojun.”可知，主语和动作之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填flying。故填flying。
54．句意：它被王昭君的美丽惊呆了，甚至忘记了扇动翅膀。根据“It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang…it even forgot to flap wings.”可知，这里表达的是“如此……以至于”，英语是so…that，引导的是结果状语从句，故填that。
55．句意：如今，如果一个女孩美得势不可挡，我们就可以说她是一个“能使鱼沉，使雁落”的女孩。make...do“让……做”，故填fall。
56．used 57．whenever 58．opens 59．bought 60．but also 61．brothers 62．another 63．without 64．talking 65．first
【导语】本文介绍了两种礼貌用语“谢谢”和“打扰一下”的用法。
56． 句意：“谢谢”在现代社会被广泛使用。根据“You should say ‘Thank you’...others help you or say something kind to you.”及所给选词可知，“谢谢你”被广泛使用，be used“被使用”。故填used。
57．句意：每当别人帮助你或对你说一些友善的话时，你应该说“谢谢”。此处介绍通常在什么时候说“谢谢”这个词，备选词whenever“每当”符合语境。故填whenever。
58．句意：例如，当有人为你开门时……。根据“you should say ‘Thank you’ ”可知，有人为你开门时要致谢，故用动词open；根据“says”可知用一般现在时，someone后用第三人称单数形式opens。故填opens。
59．句意：……当有人说你买了一件漂亮的衬衫……。根据“a nice shirt”可知，是当你买了一件漂亮的衬衫时，buy“买”；have后接其过去分词bought构成现在完成时。故填bought。
60．句意：它不仅用于朋友之间，而且用于父母和孩子之间……。not only...but also...不但……而且……，固定搭配。故填but also。
61． 句意：它不仅用于朋友之间，而且用于父母和孩子之间，兄弟姐妹之间。根据“parents and children...and sisters, husbands and wives.”结合选词可知，brother“兄弟”符合语境，此处应用复数形式。故填brothers。
62．句意：“打扰一下”是另一个简短的礼貌用法。根据上段介绍的是“Thank you”的使用习惯，后面又介绍了“Excuse me”，所以应该是另一个，another“又一，另一”符合语境。故填another。
63．句意：当你听到有人在你身后这样说时，你就会知道有人想从你身边走过而不碰你。根据“somebody wants to walk past you”可知，是不想碰到你，结合选词可知介词without“没有”符合语境。故填without。
64．句意：别人说话时打断他们是不礼貌的。根据“It is not polite to interrupt(打断) others ”可知，后面应该是他们正在说话时，要用动词talk，结合语境要用现在进行时，构成是be+doing。故填talking。
65．句意：如果你想和他们中的一个说话，请先说“打扰一下”，然后再开始说话。根据后面“then begin to talk”可知，前面应该是先说打扰下，first“首先”符合语境。故填first。
66．The classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador are built with bottles full of trash instead of bricks or concrete blocks. 67．The bottle schools use plastic bottles, trash, and community helpers. 68．About 3,500 eco-bricks are needed to build one classroom. 69．The eco-bricks are made by stuffing empty plastic bags and chip wrappers into cleaned plastic bottles. 70．Yes, the walls made of eco-bricks are just as strong and last as long as other kinds of walls.
【导语】本文主要讲的是危地马拉和萨尔瓦多的学校是用装满垃圾的瓶子烧成生态砖建造的。
66．根据第一段中“Is your school made of bricks or concrete blocks Many are. But some classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador were built a different way—with bottles full of trash!”可知，危地马拉和萨尔瓦多的教室是用装满垃圾的瓶子而不是砖块或混凝土块建造的。故填The classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador are built with bottles full of trash instead of bricks or concrete blocks.
67．根据第一段中“Hug It Forward—bottle schools use plastic bottles, trash, and lots of community helpers.”可知，建造瓶子学校需要塑料瓶、垃圾和社区帮手。故填The bottle schools use plastic bottles, trash, and community helpers.
68．根据第二段中“Each classroom takes about 3,500 eco-bricks to build.”可知，建造一间教室需要大约3500块生态砖。故填About 3,500 eco-bricks are needed to build one classroom.
69．根据第三段中“To make eco-bricks, the kids stuff empty plastic bags and chip wrappers into cleaned plastic bottles.”可知，将空塑料袋和薯片包装纸装入清洁的塑料瓶中，这样制成了生态砖。故填The eco-bricks are made by stuffing empty plastic bags and chip wrappers into cleaned plastic bottles.
70．根据最后一段中“Rows and rows of eco-bricks make up the walls. They are just as strong and last as long as other kinds of walls.”可知，生态砖制成的墙和其他类型的墙一样坚固耐用。故填Yes, the walls made of eco-bricks are just as strong and last as long as other kinds of walls.
71．例文：
Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space. As you know, the universe is very large. There are many galaxies in the universe. For example, the galaxy has billions of stars. The sun is one of them in the solar system. The earth goes round the sun and the moon goes round the earth.
So far, scientists have done a lot of research about space. Especially, our Chinese astronauts have been to the space many times. We have built a great space station. Now, they are working in our own space station. I am very proud of our country. So I will study hard. I will be an astronaut in the future. What about you
Thanks.
【解析】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“现在完成时”；
③ 提示：文章的要点是通过关键词的形式给出，因此考生应注意围绕中心和关键词来对要点进行拓展，并符合逻辑结构，重点突出。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，可用“轮到我来给你讲一下太空”来引出主题，即关于宇宙的介绍；
第二步，围绕关键词串联起科学家所做的事情，注意此处文章时态可以“现在完成时”为主；
第三步，结尾总结，表明自己想成为宇航员的意原，去探索宇宙。
[亮点词汇]
① billions of上十亿的
② one of其中之一
③ so far到目前为止
④ be proud of为……自豪
[高分句型]
① It’s my turn to tell you something about the space.（it’s ones turn to do sth表示轮到某人做某事）
② The earth goes round the sun and the moon goes round the earth.（并列连词and连接的两个并列句子）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级全册英语期中素养达标培优卷北师大版
满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．Do you know who is the first woman ________
A．in the space B．on the space C．in space D．on space
2．We need to drink ________ water to stay healthy.
A．a plenty of B．plenty of C．a little of D．little of
3．The doctor advised my father to ________ smoking for his health.
A．give in B．give up C．give to D．give away
4．He likes to share his happiness ________ his friends.
A．to B．for C．and D．with
5．When the teacher ________ the classroom, the students were reading English.
A．go into B．went into C．goes into D．gone into
6．He is known to the people in the city ________ his song.
A．because B．because of C．as to D．as for
7．His grandfather _________ since 2014.
A．has died B．died C．has been dead D．was dead
8．Why not ________ a used car if you don’t have enough money
A．buying B．to buy C．buy D．to buying
9．In fact, they don’t want to visit the History Museum ________.
A．in all B．at all C．after all D．above all
10．They ________ leave their hometown during the war.
A．are forcing to B．are forced to C．were forcing to D．were forced to
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
Have you ever used the brush pen（毛笔） The brush pen was 11 thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick（棍）or a piece of bamboo. It was 12 for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian 13 the pen. Meng was a general of the Qin State. When Meng and his army fought against the Chu State, he had to report the situation 14 his king by letter. But his pen caused him much trouble, 15 he kept thinking of ways to improve it.
One day, Meng went out to catch some 16 rabbits. Several hours later, he went back with some rabbits. Suddenly, he found one rabbit’s tail left a long trail（痕迹）on the ground. Then he had a 17 , “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, it may be easy to write with it.”
When he arrived home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried 18 with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well. Meng was so 19 that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole.
However, Meng didn’t 20 trying. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. 21 , it could work well on silk. The rain had cleaned the oil from the hair, so the hair was not as 22 as before. Meng 23 at last.
The brush pen plays an important 24 in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pen in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps 25 understand Chinese culture better.
11．A．locked B．invented C．divided D．bowed
12．A．easy B．interesting C．difficult D．excellent
13．A．folded B．admired C．limited D．improved
14．A．to B．of C．into D．above
15．A．if B．though C．until D．so
16．A．thirsty B．deep C．dry D．wild
17．A．mark B．screen C．thought D．party
18．A．speaking B．listening C．reading D．writing
19．A．upset B．excited C．nervous D．happy
20．A．get up B．give up C．put up D．look up
21．A．Widely B．Badly C．Surprisingly D．Independently
22．A．smooth B．long C．tiny D．magical
23．A．escaped B．printed C．succeeded D．disappeared
24．A．game B．work C．part D．brain
25．A．it B．them C．us D．you
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Scientists are known for being creative and full of new ideas. Recently, they added amazing ideas to the following inventions that make a big difference to people’s lives.
The Robot SuitcaseIf you are afraid to forget something at the airport, you will love the idea behind this robot suitcase. First, the suitcase can follow its owner. It can also stay away from other things on its way. It can even call the police when someone is trying to take it away.
Electronic ChopsticksScientists at an American university have invented a pair of electronic chopsticks that can change the taste of food. When you put the chopsticks in your mouth, they can make the taste become better, such as making sweet food taste sweeter or salty food less salty. Soon the scientists are going to try their technology on bottles, cups and spoons.
Talking GlovesA pair of gloves helps people to communicate with someone who has hearing and speaking problems. The gloves are equipped with sensors (传感器). They recognize body language and translate it into text on a smartphone. Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words. Thus, you can understand disabled people’s body language easily.
Environmental ShoesEvery step you take is helping cut down the air pollution. This is not in science fiction. A team from Europe has invented such a pair of shoes. The shoes can take in dirty air and send out clean air. If you wear the shoes and walk one kilometer, the shoes can clean the air polluted by eight cars.
26．How many uses of the “Robot Suitcase” are mentioned
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
27．If today’s dish is too salty, which invention can people use to change the taste of food
A．The shoes. B．The gloves. C．The suitcase. D．The chopsticks.
28．What can “Talking Gloves” help people to understand
A．Spoken words. B．Written words. C．Body language. D．The text on the smartphone.
29．What can the shoes invented by the team from Europe do
A．Drive cars. B．Take in dirty air.
C．Pollute the clean air. D．Play science fiction.
30．Where can you probably read this passage
A．In a storybook. B．In a tour guide book.
C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a technology magazine.
B
Smart Home means all the devices (设备) at home are intelligent. The real magic of Smart Home is to make all the devices at home work together as a smart system. It can provide you with a different living experience. ▲
When you arrive at home, the door will open and say “welcome home” to you. At the same time, the light will turn on so that you can see clearly. The air conditioner (空调) will offer the comfortable temperature as you wish. Your favorite TV show will be played as ordered. Your voice can control TV and other devices easily. The sweeping robot will work for you on time.Green and Safe
All your smart devices at home have energy-saving patterns. The light will always give the proper brightness depending on the environment inside. If you leave home, the air conditioner can sense nobody in and turn off. When there is something unusual at your home, the smart alarm system will remind you on the phone.
31．Many devices are mentioned EXCEPT ________ in the passage.
A．light B．fridge C．air conditioner D．sweeping robot
32．Which title can be put in the ▲
A．Convenient and Comfortable B．Traditional and Convenient
C．Independent and Traditional D．Comfortable and Educational
33．What can the smart alarm system do at Smart Home
A．Help you with housework. B．Provide you with pleasant temperature.
C．Give you proper brightness. D．Let you know unusual things on the phone.
34．In which kind of magazine can you read this passage
A．Sports. B．Art. C．Science. D．History.
35．What does the word “green” mean at Smart Home
A．The color of all the devices is green.
B．The life is full of hope and happiness.
C．All the devices are new, fashionable and modern.
D．The devices save energy and protect the environment.
C
Do you know that 93 percent of our communication is through our body We call it body language. This can include the body-gesture language, head-neck language, sign language, face language and looks language. In different cultural backgrounds, the same movement might have quite different meanings, which, as a result, may usually lead to misunderstanding in communication. Misuse of body language can be an unpleasant or even dangerous experience.
In 1992, the President George H. W. Bush made a state visit to Australia. People lined up along the roadside to welcome the American President who greeted them with raised fingers in the form of “V” with the back of his hand toward the onlookers. The following morning a headline in a local newspaper announced that the American President insulted (侮辱) the Australians. In Australia, the “V” sign with the back of the hand equals to the middle finger. But in America it means victory.
Have you understood the importance of body language Pay attention to the following and you will realize that they are very helpful when you are in Australia.
Men in Australia shake hands instead of kissing when they meet. In China, thumbing up means “You are good”. However, it’s rude in Australia. If an Australian laughs at others, he makes his thumb down. If you want to order a glass of beer in the bar, just hold up your forefinger. And in social situation, you shouldn’t yawn or stretch yourself.
Keep these in mind and have a nice trip in Australia.
36．How many body languages did the author mention in the first paragraph
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
37．What did the Australians think of American President Bush after he visited Australia in 1992
A．He was friendly to Australia. B．He was rude and impolite.
C．He was a lovely person. D．He was a real man.
38．How should you act if you want to have beer in the bar of Australia
A．You can put your thumb up. B．You can shake hands.
C．You can raise your fingers. D．You can hold up your forefinger.
39．After we read the passage, we learn that _______.
A．we only communicate by using words
B．Bush’s visit to Australia in 1992 is successful
C．it’s impolite to thumb down in Australia
D．you can stretch yourself in public in Australia
40．Who is the passage written for
A．Tourists. B．Businessmen. C．Officials. D．Players.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
Japanese researchers have invented a special kind of electric chopstick recently. 41 So the chopsticks can help people take in less salt while they are enjoying delicious food.
42 The chopsticks are connected to a small device (装置) worn by the eater. Weak electricity carries sodium ions (钠离子) from food through the chopsticks to the mouth. They’ll create a sense of saltiness in the mouth. As a result, the salty taste increases by 1. 5 times.
The traditional diet in Japan is salty. 43 That is twice the amount (数量) one should take in according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Too much salt intake may lead to high blood pressure, strokes (中风) and some other illnesses.
44 “If we try to avoid taking in too much salt in the usual ways, we need to delete a lot of our favorite food from our food list. Or we have to eat tasteless food," the researcher said. Now, the electric chopsticks provide us with another way to take in less salt.
How amazing the electric chopsticks are! You may be looking forward to using them. 45
The scientists are improving their chopsticks and hope to have them ready to sell as early as next year.
A．How do the chopsticks work
B．The chopsticks can make food taste saltier.
C．When were the electric chopsticks invented
D．But now they are not available in the market.
E．To stay away from these illnesses, we need to eat less salt.
F．A Japanese adult usually eats about 10 grams of salt each day.
G．He has also invented a television screen that allows people to taste the flavors (味道) of different foods.
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
When you see quite a beautiful girl on the street, which word will you use to describe the beauty of her In Chinese, we may use these Chinese 46 (say) as Chenyuluoyan or Biyuexiuhua. However, do you know where they are from
In Chinese ancient history, there were four well-known beauties named Xi Shi, Wang Zhaojun, Diao Chan and Yang Yuhuan. Here are two stories 47 Xi Shi and Wang Zhaojun.
Xi Shi lived during the Spring and Autumn period. One day, she went to a river 48 (wash) silk with her friends. Some fish were swimming in the clear water. When the fish saw Xi Shi, they swam down to the bottom of the water 49 (quick). The fish 50 (shock) by the beauty of Xi Shi and felt embarrassed of 51 (they).
Wang Zhaojun lived during the Han Dynasty. The king of Han wanted to send her to the king of the enemy country as 52 gift. A few days later, while Wang was on the way with a group of guards, something interesting happened. There was a wild goose 53 (fly) above the head of Wang Zhaojun. It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang 54 it even forgot to flap wings. Then it fell down heavily into the forest.
Nowadays, if a girl’s beauty is overwhelming, we can say she is the one that “can make the fish sink and the wild goose 55 (fall).”
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
从方框中选择适当的词语并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。
One used another bought opens whenever talking brother without but also
“Thank you” is widely 56 in a modern society. It is a very good manner. You should say “Thank you” 57 others help you or say something kind to you. For example, when someone 58 the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have 59 a nice shirt, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. It is used not only between friends, 60 between parents and children, 61 and sisters, husbands and wives.
“Excuse me” is 62 short polite usage. We use it the same as “Thank you”. When you hear someone says so behind you, you’ll get to know that somebody wants to walk past 63 touching you. It is not polite to interrupt (打断) others while they are 64 .
If you want to have a word with one of them, please say “Excuse me” 65 , and then begin to talk. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right situation.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，回答下列问题。
Building Schools with Bottles
By Tracy Vonder Brink
Is your school made of bricks or concrete blocks Many are. But some classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador were built a different way—with bottles full of trash! Hug It Forward—bottle schools use plastic bottles, trash, and lots of community helpers. Let’s see how they do it!
First, kids and other helpers pick up trash. They’ll burn plastic bags and chip wrappers into eco-bricks. Each classroom takes about 3,500 eco-bricks to build. That’s around one ton of trash!
To make eco-bricks, the kids stuff empty plastic bags and chip wrappers into cleaned plastic bottles. They need about 80 plastic bags or around 100 chip wrappers to fill one bottle all the way to the top.
Helpers from the community build frames for the classroom walls. They add chicken wire to hold the eco-bricks.
The eco-bricks are tied in rows between the layers of chicken wire. Any gaps are filled with more plastic bags.
Rows and rows of eco-bricks make up the walls. They are just as strong and last as long as other kinds of walls.
66．How are the classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador built differently
67．What are the materials used to build the bottle schools
68．How many eco-bricks are needed to build one classroom
69．How are the eco-bricks made
70．Are the walls made of eco-bricks as strong as other kinds of walls
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）71．太空是浩瀚的、神秘的。人类对宇宙一直不断地探索，请根据你所学的太空知识，描述一下你心目中的宇宙。再结合你自己的感想，向同学们说说你未来的打算。可适当发挥。内容包括：
(1) universe, galaxy, solar system, earth, moon;
(2) scientists, do research about, Chinese space station;
(3) astronaut, in the future.
作文要求：
(1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
(2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space.
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：你知道谁是第一个进入太空的女性吗？
考查介词短语。in the space在这个空间中；on the space错误表达；in space在太空；on space错误表达。根据“the first woman”可知，此处想询问第一个进入太空的女性。故选C。
2．B
【解析】句意：我们需要喝足够的水来保持健康。
考查形容词短语。a plenty of错误表达；plenty of很多的，大量的，既可以修饰可数名词复数，又可以修饰不可数名词；a little/little 可直接修饰不可数名词，CD是错误表达。根据“to stay healthy”可知，喝很多水能保持健康。故选B。
3．B
【解析】句意：医生建议我父亲为了他的健康放弃吸烟。
考查动词短语。give in屈服；give up放弃；give to给予；give away赠送/泄露。根据“The doctor advised my father to...smoking for his health.”可知，医生出于健康的考虑，建议父亲戒烟，即放弃吸烟。故选B。
4．D
【解析】句意：他喜欢和朋友们分享他的快乐。
考查介词和连词辨析。to到；for为了；and并且；with和。根据“He likes to share his happiness … his friends.”可知，此处为固定短语share with“和……分享”。故选D。
5．B
【解析】句意：当老师走进教室时，学生们正在读英语。
考查动词时态。根据“the students were reading English”可知，主句为过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时。go into意为“进入”，其过去式为went into。故选B。
6．B
【解析】句意：他因他的歌曲为这座城市的人们所熟知。
考查介词短语。because因为，引导原因状语从句；because of因为，后跟名词；as to关于；as for至于。根据“He is known to the people in the city”可知，他因为歌曲而为人所熟知，空后为名词，应用because of。故选B。
7．C
【解析】句意：他的祖父自2014年起就去世了。
考查现在完成时。根据“since 2014.”可知是自2014年就去世了，从过去的时间点延续到现在用现在完成时态have/has done；die“死亡”，是非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用，应用be dead表状态，其完成时态的结构为have/has been dead。故选C。
8．C
【解析】句意：如果你没有足够的钱，为什么不买一辆二手车？
考查Why not结构的正确搭配。Why not do sth 是固定句型，表示建议，因此空处填动词原形。故选C。
9．B
【解析】句意：事实上，他们根本不想去参观历史博物馆。
考查介词短语辨析。in all总共；at all根本；after all毕竟；above all最重要的是。根据“In fact, they don’t want to visit the History Museum...”可知，此处表达他们根本不想去参观历史博物馆，not...at all“根本不，一点也不”。故选B。
10．D
【解析】句意：在战争期间他们被迫离开他们的家乡。
考查动词的时态和语态。are forcing to正在强迫，现在进行时主动语态；are forced to被强迫，一般现在时被动语态；were forcing to正在强迫，过去进行时主动语态；were forced to被强迫，一般过去时被动语态。分析句子可知，主语They此处表示被动含义，表示“他们被强迫”，使用被动语态。根据时间状语“during the war”可知，应用一般过去时态。故选D。
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．C 24．C 25．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了蒙恬改善毛笔的故事。
11．句意：毛笔在几千年以前就被发明了。
locked锁住；invented发明；divided分开；bowed鞠躬。根据“ The brush pen was ... thousands of years ago. ”可知，此处是被动语态，结合句意可知，应当是毛笔被发明。故选B。
12．句意：对人们来说在薄丝稠上写好字很困难。
easy容易的；interesting有趣的；difficult困难的；excellent出色的。根据“ If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, it may be easy to write with it.”可知，下文蒙恬考虑用兔毛可以让书写变得容易，因此此处指的是困难。故选C。
13．句意：据说蒙恬改善了毛笔。
folded折叠；admired钦慕；limited限制；improved改善。根据上文和“ It is said that Meng Tian ... the pen. ”可知，上文说书写起来比较难，此处应当是改善。故选D。
14．句意：他必须通过信件向国王报告情况。
to朝；of的；into进入；above在上面。根据“ he had to report the situation ... his king by letter.”可知，此处是向国王报告。故选A。
15．句意：所以他一直在思考改善毛笔的方法。
if如果；though虽然；until直到……为止；so所以。根据“ But his pen caused him much trouble, ... he kept thinking of ways to improve it.”可知，空格之后是前一句的结果，应用表示结果的连词。故选D。
16．句意：一天，蒙恬出去打猎，抓住了几只野兔。
thirsty渴的；deep深的；dry干燥的；wild野生的。根据“ One day, Meng went out to catch some ... rabbits.”可知，古代兔子应当是在野外打猎获得的，应当是野兔。故选D。
17．句意：然后他有了一个想法。
mark标记；screen屏幕；thought想法；party派对。根据“ If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, it may be easy to write with it.”可知，此处指的是蒙恬有了一个想法。故选C。
18．句意：他尝试把兔毛绑在棍子上并且尝试用它写字。
speaking说；listening听；reading阅读；writing写。根据“ Have you ever used the brush pen（毛笔）”可知，毛笔应当是用来写字的。故选D。
19．句意：蒙恬如此沮丧以至于他把他的发明扔进了一个石洞里。
upset沮丧的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的；happy开心的。根据“ he threw away his ‘invention’ into a stone hole”可知，发明的效果并不好，因此是沮丧的。故选A。
20．句意：然而，他并没有放弃尝试。
get up起床；give up放弃；put up张贴；look up查阅。根据“ However, ”可知，此处应当是转折，因此是没有放弃。故选B。
21．句意：令人惊讶的是，它可以在丝绸上写的很好。
Widely广泛地；Badly糟糕地；Surprisingly惊讶地；Independently独立地。根据“ it could work well on silk. ”可知，同样的东西，过了一段时间之后效果不一样，因此是令人惊讶的是。故选C。
22．句意：所以兔毛不像之前一样顺滑了。
smooth顺滑的；long长久的；tiny小的；magical魔幻的。根据“ But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well.”可知，上文是太顺滑了，因此此处是不如之前顺滑。故选A。
23．句意：蒙恬最终成功了。
escaped逃跑；printed打印；succeeded成功做；disappeared消失。根据“ at last.”可知，结合上文，兔毛笔写字很方便，因此蒙恬成功了。故选C。
24．句意：毛笔在中国文化中扮演了一个重要角色。
game游戏；work工作；part部分；brain脑。根据“ The brush pen plays an important ... in Chinese culture.”可知，此处是固定短语play an important part in“在……扮演重要角色”。故选C。
25．句意：它让生活更加多姿多彩并且帮助他们更好地理解中国文化。
it它；them他们；us我们；you你。根据“ It makes their life more colorful and helps ... understand Chinese culture better.”可知，此处指代上一句的学生，应用他们。故选B。
26．C 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文介绍了四种发明。
26．细节理解题。根据“First, the suitcase can follow its owner. It can also stay away from other things on its way. It can even call the police when someone is trying to take it away.”可知首先，行李箱可以跟随它的主人。它还可以在途中远离其他东西。当有人试图把它拿走时，它甚至可以报警。因此共提到三种用法。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“When you put the chopsticks in your mouth, they can make the taste become better, such as making sweet food taste sweeter or salty food less salty.”可知当你把筷子放进嘴里时，它们可以让味道变得更好，比如让甜食尝起来更甜，让咸味食物变得不那么咸。因此“电子筷子”可以改变食物的味道。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据“Thus, you can understand disabled people’s body language easily.”可知可以很容易地理解残疾人的肢体语言。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“The shoes can take in dirty air and send out clean air.”可知鞋子可以吸入肮脏的空气，并释放出干净的空气。故选B。
30．推理判断题。本文介绍了四种发明。因此可以在技术杂志上看到。故选D。
31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了智能家居通过各类智能设备协同工作，为人们带来方便、舒适、绿色、安全的全新生活体验。
31．细节理解题。根据“the light will turn on...The air conditioner...The sweeping robot...”可知文中提到了灯、空调和扫地机器人，没有提到冰箱。故选B。
32．最佳标题题。根据“When you arrive at home, the door will open...”可知第二段都在强调智能家居带来的方便与舒适。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据“When there is something unusual at your home, the smart alarm system will remind you on the phone.”可知智能报警系统会在手机端提醒你家中出现的异常情况。故选D。
34．推理判断题。本文介绍智能家居的科技原理及应用，属于科普类文章，最可能出现在科学杂志。故选C。
35．词句猜测题。根据“All your smart devices at home have energy-saving patterns”可知家里的所有智能设备都有节能模式，所以“green”指设备节能、环保。故选D。
36．C 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了体态语，不同的体态语在不同的国家意义不同，并介绍了在澳大利亚的一些体态语。
36．细节理解题。根据“This can include the body-gesture language, head-neck language, sign language, face language and looks language”可知体态语包括肢体语言、头颈语言、手语、面部语言和表情语言，一共5种语言。故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据“The following morning a headline in a local newspaper announced that the American President insulted (侮辱) the Australians”可知，澳大利亚人认为美国总统侮辱他们，可见他们认为美国总统是粗鲁和不礼貌的。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“If you want to order a glass of beer in the bar, just hold up your forefinger.”可知如果你想在酒吧点一杯啤酒，只需举起食指。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“If an Australian laughs at others, he makes his thumb down.”可知，如果一个澳大利亚人嘲笑别人，他会拇指朝下，这是不礼貌的。故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据“Keep these in mind and have a nice trip in Australia.”可知，本文是写给想去澳大利亚旅行的游客的。故选A。
41．B 42．A 43．F 44．E 45．D
【导语】本文介绍了日本研究人员最近发明了一种特殊的电动筷子，以帮助人们在享受美食的同时减少盐的摄入。
41．根据后文“So the chopsticks can help people take in less salt while they are enjoying delicious food.”可知，此处说摄入更少盐的原因，选项B“筷子可以使食物尝起来更咸。”符合。故选B。
42．根据“The chopsticks are connected to a small device ... the salty taste increases by 1. 5 times.”可知，此处概括全段内容，与筷子使食物尝起来更咸的原理有关，选项A“筷子是怎么用的？”符合。故选A。
43．根据后文“That is twice the amount one should take in according to the World Health Organization (WHO).”可知，此处与一个人的食盐量有关，选项F“一个日本成年人通常每天吃大约10克盐。”符合。故选F。
44．根据后文“‘If we try to avoid taking in too much salt in the usual ways ... the electric chopsticks provide us with another way to take in less salt.”可知，此处与少吃盐有关，选项E“为了远离这些疾病，我们需要少吃盐。”符合。故选E。
45．根据“You may be looking forward to using them.”及“The scientists are improving their chopsticks and hope to have them ready to sell as early as next year.”可知，目前无法使用，选项D“但是现在在市场上买不到。”符合。故选D。
46．sayings 47．about 48．to wash 49．quickly 50．were shocked 51．themselves 52．a 53．flying 54．that 55．fall
【导语】本文介绍了“沉鱼落雁”的来源，讲述了关于西施和王昭君的故事。
46．句意：在中国，我们可以把这些中国俗语称为“沉鱼落雁”或“闭月羞花”。“Chenyuluoyan or Biyuexiuhua”是两个成语，saying符合语境，此前有these修饰，使用名词复数形式。故填sayings。
47．句意：这里有两个关于西施和王昭君的故事。根据“Here are two stories...Xi Shi and Wang Zhaojun.”可知，是两个关于西施和王昭君的故事，about“关于”符合语境，故填about。
48．句意：一天，她和朋友们去河边洗丝绸。根据“she went to a river...silk with her friends”可知，去河边为了洗丝绸，用动词不定式形式，故填to wash。
49．句意：当鱼看到西施时，它们很快地游到了水底。此处在句中修饰动词用副词形式，故填quickly。
50．句意：鱼儿们被西施的美丽惊呆了，感到很尴尬。主语The fish是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were，故填were shocked。
51．句意：鱼儿们被西施的美丽惊呆了，感到很尴尬。此处指鱼儿们自己，用反身代词形式，故填themselves。
52．句意：韩王想把她作为礼物送给敌国的国王。此处泛指一个礼物，用不定冠词修饰，gift首字母发辅音音素，故填a。
53．句意：有一只大雁在王昭君的头上飞。根据“There was a wild goose…above the head of Wang Zhaojun.”可知，主语和动作之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填flying。故填flying。
54．句意：它被王昭君的美丽惊呆了，甚至忘记了扇动翅膀。根据“It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang…it even forgot to flap wings.”可知，这里表达的是“如此……以至于”，英语是so…that，引导的是结果状语从句，故填that。
55．句意：如今，如果一个女孩美得势不可挡，我们就可以说她是一个“能使鱼沉，使雁落”的女孩。make...do“让……做”，故填fall。
56．used 57．whenever 58．opens 59．bought 60．but also 61．brothers 62．another 63．without 64．talking 65．first
【导语】本文介绍了两种礼貌用语“谢谢”和“打扰一下”的用法。
56． 句意：“谢谢”在现代社会被广泛使用。根据“You should say ‘Thank you’...others help you or say something kind to you.”及所给选词可知，“谢谢你”被广泛使用，be used“被使用”。故填used。
57．句意：每当别人帮助你或对你说一些友善的话时，你应该说“谢谢”。此处介绍通常在什么时候说“谢谢”这个词，备选词whenever“每当”符合语境。故填whenever。
58．句意：例如，当有人为你开门时……。根据“you should say ‘Thank you’ ”可知，有人为你开门时要致谢，故用动词open；根据“says”可知用一般现在时，someone后用第三人称单数形式opens。故填opens。
59．句意：……当有人说你买了一件漂亮的衬衫……。根据“a nice shirt”可知，是当你买了一件漂亮的衬衫时，buy“买”；have后接其过去分词bought构成现在完成时。故填bought。
60．句意：它不仅用于朋友之间，而且用于父母和孩子之间……。not only...but also...不但……而且……，固定搭配。故填but also。
61． 句意：它不仅用于朋友之间，而且用于父母和孩子之间，兄弟姐妹之间。根据“parents and children...and sisters, husbands and wives.”结合选词可知，brother“兄弟”符合语境，此处应用复数形式。故填brothers。
62．句意：“打扰一下”是另一个简短的礼貌用法。根据上段介绍的是“Thank you”的使用习惯，后面又介绍了“Excuse me”，所以应该是另一个，another“又一，另一”符合语境。故填another。
63．句意：当你听到有人在你身后这样说时，你就会知道有人想从你身边走过而不碰你。根据“somebody wants to walk past you”可知，是不想碰到你，结合选词可知介词without“没有”符合语境。故填without。
64．句意：别人说话时打断他们是不礼貌的。根据“It is not polite to interrupt(打断) others ”可知，后面应该是他们正在说话时，要用动词talk，结合语境要用现在进行时，构成是be+doing。故填talking。
65．句意：如果你想和他们中的一个说话，请先说“打扰一下”，然后再开始说话。根据后面“then begin to talk”可知，前面应该是先说打扰下，first“首先”符合语境。故填first。
66．The classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador are built with bottles full of trash instead of bricks or concrete blocks. 67．The bottle schools use plastic bottles, trash, and community helpers. 68．About 3,500 eco-bricks are needed to build one classroom. 69．The eco-bricks are made by stuffing empty plastic bags and chip wrappers into cleaned plastic bottles. 70．Yes, the walls made of eco-bricks are just as strong and last as long as other kinds of walls.
【导语】本文主要讲的是危地马拉和萨尔瓦多的学校是用装满垃圾的瓶子烧成生态砖建造的。
66．根据第一段中“Is your school made of bricks or concrete blocks Many are. But some classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador were built a different way—with bottles full of trash!”可知，危地马拉和萨尔瓦多的教室是用装满垃圾的瓶子而不是砖块或混凝土块建造的。故填The classrooms in Guatemala and EI Salvador are built with bottles full of trash instead of bricks or concrete blocks.
67．根据第一段中“Hug It Forward—bottle schools use plastic bottles, trash, and lots of community helpers.”可知，建造瓶子学校需要塑料瓶、垃圾和社区帮手。故填The bottle schools use plastic bottles, trash, and community helpers.
68．根据第二段中“Each classroom takes about 3,500 eco-bricks to build.”可知，建造一间教室需要大约3500块生态砖。故填About 3,500 eco-bricks are needed to build one classroom.
69．根据第三段中“To make eco-bricks, the kids stuff empty plastic bags and chip wrappers into cleaned plastic bottles.”可知，将空塑料袋和薯片包装纸装入清洁的塑料瓶中，这样制成了生态砖。故填The eco-bricks are made by stuffing empty plastic bags and chip wrappers into cleaned plastic bottles.
70．根据最后一段中“Rows and rows of eco-bricks make up the walls. They are just as strong and last as long as other kinds of walls.”可知，生态砖制成的墙和其他类型的墙一样坚固耐用。故填Yes, the walls made of eco-bricks are just as strong and last as long as other kinds of walls.
71．例文：
Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space. As you know, the universe is very large. There are many galaxies in the universe. For example, the galaxy has billions of stars. The sun is one of them in the solar system. The earth goes round the sun and the moon goes round the earth.
So far, scientists have done a lot of research about space. Especially, our Chinese astronauts have been to the space many times. We have built a great space station. Now, they are working in our own space station. I am very proud of our country. So I will study hard. I will be an astronaut in the future. What about you
Thanks.
【解析】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“现在完成时”；
③ 提示：文章的要点是通过关键词的形式给出，因此考生应注意围绕中心和关键词来对要点进行拓展，并符合逻辑结构，重点突出。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，可用“轮到我来给你讲一下太空”来引出主题，即关于宇宙的介绍；
第二步，围绕关键词串联起科学家所做的事情，注意此处文章时态可以“现在完成时”为主；
第三步，结尾总结，表明自己想成为宇航员的意原，去探索宇宙。
[亮点词汇]
① billions of上十亿的
② one of其中之一
③ so far到目前为止
④ be proud of为……自豪
[高分句型]
① It’s my turn to tell you something about the space.（it’s ones turn to do sth表示轮到某人做某事）
② The earth goes round the sun and the moon goes round the earth.（并列连词and连接的两个并列句子）
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