Module11 Unit1 Careers and skills
Grammar and usage
Thoughts on the design:
本节课是修辞学习，主要目的是教会学生辨别认知和欣赏使用，具有一定的文学性。用最简单的方法教会学生两种比喻性语言：明喻和暗喻。教学设计步骤清晰，步步深入；选例到位，概念明朗；知识辨别科学合理；练习巩固，学会欣赏，并且让学生亲手参与。一节课一气呵成，流畅自然。
Teaching aims:
After learning the Grammar part, the students will be able to:
1. recognize and know about two common types of figurative language—Simile and Metaphor;
2. appreciate simile and metaphor in literature works;
3. write some sentences and poems using simile and metaphor.
Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Lead in
Teacher presents four sentences to students to read and ask students to think and give their feelings about these sentences. Teacher then gives the concept of “figurative language” and explains it.
Next, teacher explains the four sentences one by one carefully and figure out each type of figurative language—simile, metaphor, idiom and euphemism.
[Explanation]
老师在导入部分不是直接告诉学生今天要学习“比喻性语言”，而是让学生看了句子后自己去悟，去感受，然后老师再一一做具体解释和总结。这样一方面让学生动了脑子，另一方面很自然地导入了正课。
Step 2 Simile and metaphor
Simile:
1. Show two sentences using simile to do careful analysis.
1) Similarly, many ordinary jobs may look dull, but they are as essential as water to our society.
He loved camping, and his job was like a holiday for him.
2) Focus on the comparison of the two objects in each sentence and the two words “as” and “like”.
2. Raise three questions:
1) What is a simile?
A: A simile is a comparison of two different objects that are not usually thought to be similar.
2) What words are used in similes?
A: as and like.
3) How to make a simile effective?
A: Readers must be familiar with the objects being compared.
3. More similes for students to enjoy:
1) The old man’s hair was as white as snow.
2) Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
3) You are as blind as a bat.
4) “Mercy falls like the gentle rain from the sky upon the earth.” Portia said.
5) I’m not as timid as a rabbit.
Metaphor:
1. Show two sentences using metaphor to do careful analysis
1) As a business person, you can’t be a mouse. You have to be a tiger.
2) For lawyers, a courtroom is a battlefield.
2. What is a metaphor?
Metaphor is when you use two nouns and compare or contrast them to one another. Unlike simile, you don’t use “like” or “as” in the comparison.
3. More metaphors for students to enjoy:
All the world is a stage. —Shakespeare
I am not Angel.
[Explanation]
这一部分详细具体地阐述了simile和metaphor的定义，并且选用了比较生动易懂的例子，使得整个阐述过程自然流畅，学生注意力很容易集中，在宽松有趣的环境下获得知识。
Step 3 Exercises
一：Finish the exercise A and B on page 9
A. Yang Min found an interesting poem on the internet about qualifications for different jobs. Read the poem and underline the similes and metaphors in it.
B. Yang Min wants to find out the meaning of the similes and metaphors in the poem. Help her match the similes and the metaphors with their correct meanings.
二：Write “simile” or “metaphor” in the blanks.
1. My father has been working very hard recently and often comes home late at night. He has been as busy as a bee. _____
2. The students in that school all work very hard. They know time is money. _____
3. Compared to my house, his is a palace. _____
4. The news reporter said that the winner of the race had run like the wind. _____
5. The firefighter was as brave as a lion in the face of danger. _____
6. The old gentleman’s beard is as snow. _____
7. He was an emotionless man and it was said that his heart was made of stone. _____
8. My love is like a red, red rose. _____
9. He slept like a dog. _____
10. The day we passed together for a while seemed a bright fire on a
Winter’s night. _____
11. You are like a hurricane: there’s calm in your eye, but I’m getting
blown away. _____
12. I am not Angel. _____
13. I am a rainbow. _____
14. You are as blind as a bat. _____
三、Match the similes or metaphors in the sentences on the left with the correct meanings on the right. Write the letters in the blanks.
1. After he heard the scary story, his face went
as white as a sheet. a. sad or upset
2. Before the thunderstorm, the sky was as black as
coal, and the wind was blowing hard. b. very pale
3. It was as clear as day who had eaten the cake. Tom
had chocolate all over his face. c. well behaved
4. I had been feeling blue ever since my father left
on his long trip. d. very light
5. I promised my mother that I would be as good
as gold while she was out of the house shopping. e. different people like
different things
6. I caught a cold and have been as sick as a dog
all week. f. very tough
7. After a long holiday, I feel as fresh as a daisy. g. very obvious
8. My grandfather might be old but he is still
as hard as nails. h. good or fine
9. I was amazed that Richard enjoyed reading that
book because I hated it. Still, as people say,
one man’s meat is another man’s poison. i. very dark
10. My new laptop computer is as light as a feather. j. very sick
11. When her husband died, the woman’s friends
were her rock. k. very dry
12. ‘I need to get a drink,’ I said. ‘My mouth is
as dry as a bone.’ l. support
key: I. s m m s s s m s m s s s m m s
II. b i g a c j h f e d l k
[Explanation]
这部分是对学生已学知识的巩固加强和检测，书上的练习注重基础而且趣味十足，浅显的诗歌加上可爱的图片，既用到了学习的修辞，又是很好的可模仿的文学范例。A练习考查的是识别，B练习是对修辞具体意义的理解。
Step 4 Appreciation
After the exercises, the students have had a good knowledge of the two figurative language and have no problem in recognizing and understanding them. Then let students appreciate a short poem.
[Explanation]
学生在习得知识的基础上，学会欣赏，提高学生的文学鉴赏水平和文化修养。相应进一步对已学知识进行巩固。
Step 5 Homework
Discuss in groups of four and write a poem or a story or a short passage using the figurative language (simile and metaphor) we learnt today. Then share your outcome with your classmates.
[Explanation]
在欣赏的基础上，自己动手尝试，真正做到“在做中学”。虽然有些作品比较简单和粗糙，但在这样的练习中学生把学到的知识真正转化为内在的技能，达到了学习最终的目的。
课件29张PPT。Grammar and usageModule11 Unit1课件描述：
本课件色彩明亮，生动活泼。选用简单易懂又充满生命力的例子展现了simile和metaphor两个修辞，在语言和文化上都对学生进行了指导。
My love is like a red, red rose.
It’s raining cats and dogs.Senior citizens are respected in our country． Figurative (比喻的) languageCompared to my house, his is a palace.(it is used to help readers imagine what is happening in a text.)My love is like a red,
red rose.
—Robert Burns
A simileCompared to my house, his is a palace.
A metaphor an idiomIt’s raining cats
and dogs.a euphemismSenior citizens
are respected
in our country． Simile and metaphorthe most commonly used1. Similarly, many ordinary jobs may look
dull, but they are essential as water to
our society.
Read more sentences using Simile carefully.
2. He loved camping, and his job was
like a holiday for him.Simile: What is a simile?A simile is a comparison of two different
objects that are not usually thought to be
similar. What words are used in similes?as and like. How to make a simile effective?Readers must be familiar with the objects
being compared. More similes for you to enjoy:1. The old man’s hair was as white as snow. 2. Living without an aim is like sailing
without a compass. 3. You are as blind as a bat.5. I’m not as timid as a rabbit.4. “Mercy falls like the gentle
rain from the sky upon the
earth,” Portia said.Read more sentences using Metaphor carefully.As a business person, you can’t be a mouse.
You have to be a tiger.You can’t be a timid person. You should be a brave person.For lawyers , a courtroom is a battlefield.A lawyer is compared to a fighter. He must fight to win cases here.What is a metaphor?Metaphor is when you use two nouns
and compare or contrast them to one
another. Unlike simile, you don't use
"like" or "as" in the comparison. Something is something.More metaphors for you to enjoy:All the world is a stage. —ShakespeareThe world is just like a stage, putting on different plays and people in the world are actors and actresses in the stage.I am not Angel.I am not a merciful, kind and helpful person.ExercisesYang Min found an interesting poem on the internet about qualifications for different jobs. Read the poem and underline the similes and metaphors in it.If you want to be …
If you want to be a spy like James Bond 007,
You need to be as cool as a cucumber and as sly as a fox.
and you need cast iron nerves.
simile If you want to be a model,
you need to be as tall as a tree
and eat like a bird.
If you want to be an actorsimilesimileAnd a martial arts expert like Jackie Chan,
you can not be a weed.
If you want to be successful like Bill Gates,
you need to have a mind like a computer
and be as sharp as a spear in business.
metaphorsimilesimileIf you want to be a magician
like David Copperfield,
You need to make people see that
black is white and white is black.
If you want to succeed in life,
You need to be as hungry as a lion. similemetaphorsimileB. Yang Min wants to find out the meaning of the similes and metaphors in the poem. Help her match the similes and the metaphors with their correct meanings.
Answers:1—f 2—j 3—g 4—I
5—c 6—b 7—e 8—d
9—a 10—hWrite “simile” or “metaphor” in the blanks.
1. My father has been working very hard recently and often comes home late at night. He has been as busy as a bee. _____
2. The students in that school all work very hard. They know time is money. _____
3. Compared to my house, his is a palace. _____
4. The news reporter said that the winner of the race had run like the wind. _____
5. The firefighter was as brave as a lion in the face of danger. _____
6. The old gentleman’s beard is as snow. _____
7. He was an emotionless man and it was said that his heart was made of stone. _____
8. My love is like a red, red rose. _____
9. He slept like a dog. _____
10. The day we passed together for a while seemed a bright fire on a Winter’s night. _____
11. You are like a hurricane: there’s calm in your eye, but I’m getting blown away. _____
12. I am not Angel. _____
13. I am a rainbow. _____
14. You are as blind as a bat. _____Match the similes or metaphors in the sentences on the left with the correct meanings on the right. Write the letters in the blanks.
1. After he heard the scary story, his face went as white as a sheet. ________a. sad or upset
2. Before the thunderstorm, the sky was as black as
coal, and the wind was blowing hard. b. very pale
3. It was as clear as day who had eaten the cake. Tom
had chocolate all over his face. c. well behaved
4. I had been feeling blue ever since my father left
on his long trip. d. very light
5. I promised my mother that I would be as good as gold while she was out of the house shopping. e. different people like different things
6. I caught a cold and have been as sick as a dog all week. f. very tough
7. After a long holiday, I feel as fresh as a daisy. g. very obvious
8. My grandfather might be old but he is stillas hard as nails. h. good or fine
9. I was amazed that Richard enjoyed reading that book because I hated it. Still, as people say, one man’s meat is another man’s poison. i. very dark
10. My new laptop computer is as light as a feather. j. very sick
11. When her husband died, the woman’s friendswere her rock. _____k. very dry
12. ‘I need to get a drink,’ I said. ‘My mouth is
as dry as a bone.’ l. support AppreciationMY LIFE IS A DREAM
My life is a dream, like a tiger waking up from her deep sleep. My life is like a dream, it's all up to me, the trees are purple, the stars talk away the night, the moaning moon lights up the sky.
HomeworkDiscuss in groups of four and write a poem or a story or a short passage using the figurative language (simile and metaphor) we learnt today. Then share your outcome with your classmates.
