(共37张PPT)
Unit 5 Play by the rules？
八年级
外研版2024
上
课文解析二
1.They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything.他们好像也不高兴，但没人采取任何行动。
[用法讲解] seem为动词，译为“似乎、好像”。
[常见搭配]seem + 形容词似乎...
seem (to be) + 表语 看来、好像
seem to do sth.似乎做、好像做
It seems that 从句似乎...
Eg: The boys seemed hungry when I saw them.
当我看到这些男孩时，他们似乎很饿。
Jenny seems (to be) a very clever girl.
珍妮看上去是一个非常聪明的女孩。
Mrs. White doesn't seem to like the house.
怀特夫人似乎不太喜欢这个屋子。
It seems that no one has found out the reasons for the accident.
似乎没有人知道事故发生的原因。
[即学即用]
( )1. The man over there seems_______ a new teacher.
A.be B. to be C.is D. to is
B
2.They aren't just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts.
这些规则不只是写在墙上，还(应该)铭记在我们的脑海和心中。
[用法讲解]mind在此处为名词，译为“头脑、思想”;mind也可作动词，译为“介意”。
[常见搭配] change one's mind改变某人的主意
make up one's mind (to do sth.)下决心(做某事)
mind (one's) doing sth.“介意(某人)做某事”
mind+从句
Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English.
她下定决心提高她的英语。
Would you mind my opening the door
你介意我开门吗
I don't mind if you have free time.
我不介意你是否有空闲时间。
[即学即用]
( )--Would you mind my _______
-- Of course. Do it as you like, please.
A.to play the piano B. playing the piano
C. play the piano D. to playing the piano
B
3.I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat... 我深吸一口气，站了起来、清了清喉咙...
[用法讲解] breath为名词，译为“呼吸的空气”。
[常见搭配]take sb's breath away令人惊叹、让人叹绝
out of breath气喘吁吁、上气不接下气
take a deep breath深呼吸
hold one's breath屏住呼吸
a breath of fresh air新鲜空气
Eg:Thescenery of the Rocky Mountains took my breath away.
落基山脉的景色令人叹为观止。
She was out of breath after running up the stairs.
她跑上楼后气喘吁吁。
I took a deep breath and walked into the room.
我深吸了一口气，走进了房间。
He held his breath as he watched the diver plunge into the water.
他看着潜水员跳入水中，屏住呼吸。
We will get a breath of fresh air at lunchtime.
我们午餐时出去透透气。
[派生词] breathe为动词，译为“呼吸”。
Eg: I need to breathe some fresh air.
我需要呼吸一些新鲜空气。
[常见搭配]breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气
Eg: After finishing the exam, the students all breathed a sigh of relief.
考试之后，所有的学生都松了一口气。
clear为动词，译为“清理、清除、澄清”，clear还可为形容词，译为“清晰的、晴朗的”。
Eg: Please clear the snow from the path.
请把小路上的雪清理掉。
She cleared up the misunderstanding.
她澄清了误解。
The instructions are very clear.
说明非常清晰。
The weather is clear today.
今天天气晴朗。
[常见搭配]clear out清理、丢掉
clear up天气放晴
in the clear摆脱困境
keep clear of...主动避开危险或麻烦
make clear讲清楚、使明白
Eg: I need to clear out my closet.
我需要清理我的衣柜。
The sky cleared up in the afternoon.
下午填空放晴了。
He is in the clear now.
他现在摆脱困境了。
Drivers should keep clear of the accident area.
司机应避开事故区域。
You need to make clear your intentions before you start the project.
在开始这个项目之前，你需要讲清楚你的意图。
[派生词]clearly为副词，译为“清楚地”。
Eg: Speak more clearly.说得更清楚些。
[即学即用]
1. When we _________ (breath), the air goes into our lungs.
2.大峡谷的美丽让我陶醉不已。
The beauty of the Grand Canyon___________________.
3.我们正在把阁楼里的旧家具清理出去。
We are ________ _________ the old furniture from the attic.
breathe
took my breath away
clearing out
4.He said he broke the flowerpot while playing basketball.他说他打篮球时打碎了花盆。
[用法讲解]break在此处为名词，译为“休息”，相当于rest;break还可为动词，译为“破碎、违反、打断”，其过去式为broke，过去分词为broken。
Eg: I thought a 15 min break from his work would do him good.
我想他停下工作休息15分钟对他会有好处。
The dish fell to the floor and broken.
碟子掉到地上摔碎了。
She broke her promise to me.
她违背了对我的诺言。
We usually break for lunch at 12:30.
我们通常12点半休息吃午饭。
[常见搭配]have a break休息
break down 出故障、分解
break in强行进入、打断
break out爆发
break up结束关系、解散
Eg: I must have a break.
我必须休息一下。
The machine has broken down.
机器出故障了。
Someone is trying to break in.
有人试图强行进入。
A fire broke out in the building.
大楼里发生了火宅。
They decided to break up.
他们决定分手。
[派生词] broken为形容词，译为“破碎的、损坏的”。
Eg: There is a lot of broken glass on the floor.
地板上有很多碎玻璃。
[知识拓展]“he broke the flowerpot while playing basketball”在此处为he said的宾语从句。
[即学即用]
1.学校里孩子们有课间休息。
The children ______ ______ _______ between classes at school.
2.My bike is _________ (break). I need to repair it.
have a break
broken
5.Telling the truth isn't always easy.说实话并不总是容易的。
[用法讲解]truth译为“真理”时为可数名词，译为“事实、真相”时为不可数名词。
Eg: There are many truths that have been discovered by scientists.
许多真理已经被科学家发现。
The truth is that he is innocent.
事实是他是无罪的。
[常见搭配] tell the truth说实话、讲真话
in truth真实地、实在
the truth of ... ...的真相
to tell the truth说实话
Eg: I must tell you the truth about this.
我必须告诉你这件事的真相。
In truth, we were both unhappy.
事实上，我们俩都不高兴。
The truth of the matter is ...
事情的真相是...
To tell the truth, I fell asleep in the middle of her talk.
说实话，我在她讲话过程中睡着了。
[派生词] true为形容词，译为“真实的、真正的”。
Eg: True friendship is worth more than money.
真正的友谊比金钱更有价值。
[易混辨析]true和real区别
true强调符合事实，是真的，而不是假的或编造的，与“假”相对;
real强调人或事物真实存在，而不是想象的或是虚构的，与“无”相对。
Eg: That may or may not be true.
这可能是真的，也可能不是。
Real power belongs to the few.
真正的权力掌握在少数人手中。
[即学即用]
The ______ (true) is often harder to accept than a lie.
truth
6.This is a famouslinefrom Shakespeare's play Hamlet.
这是出自莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》的一句著名台词。
[用法讲解]line为可数名词，其复数形式为lines，还可译为“台词、路线、界限、行业”等;
line还可作动词，译为“排成一行、用线标出、沿...排列”。
Eg: Draw a straight line on the paper.
在纸上画一条直线。
There was a long line of cars on the highway during the holiday.
假期期间高速公路上有一长排汽车。
Take the No. 10 bus line to get to the museum.
乘坐10路公交线路去博物馆。
The river is the dividing line between the two countries.
这条河是两国之间的分界线。
She works in the fashion line.
她在时尚行业工作。
The actor spent hours learning his lines.
这位演员花了几个小时背台词。
Please line the books up on the shelf neatly.
请把书整齐地排在书架上。
Line the paper with a pencil before writing.
写字前先用铅笔在纸上划线。
[常见搭配]stand in a line站成一排
wait in line排队等候
cut in line插队
the flight line航线
the border line边界线
line up排队
Eg: The students stood in a line to enter the classroom.
学生们站成一排进入教室。
People are waiting in line to buy tickets.
人们在排队买票。
Don't cut in line, please.
请不要插队。
The plane is on its flight line to New York.
飞机正在飞往纽约的航线上。
The soldiers are guarding the border line.
士兵们在守卫边界线。
The students lined up for the assembly.
学生们排队参加集会。
[即学即用]
1.Please write your name in a straight________(线).
2.电影院门口总是有很多人排队等候买票。
There are always many people_______ ______ _______ at the movie theater entrance to buy tickets.
line
waiting in line
7.He even flew through one.他甚至闯了一个红灯。
[用法讲解]fly在此处为动词，译为“飞”;fly也可为名词，译为“苍蝇”，其复数形式为flies; fly还可为形容词，译为“机灵的、时髦的”。
[常见搭配]fly to 地点坐飞机去某地
fly a kite放风筝
Eg: Birds can fly with their wings.
鸟能用翅膀飞行。
He will fly to Beijing next week.
下周他将飞往北京。
I want to fly a kite this Sunday.
这周日我想去放风筝。
A fly landed on his nose.
一只苍蝇落在了他的鼻子上。
He is a fly detective.
他是一个机灵的侦探。
She is wearing a fly outfit today.
她今天穿得很时髦。
[易混辨析] through、across和over区别
through常常表示在空间内进行的，强调从物体内部穿过;
across常常表示动作在物体表面进行的，强调从一端到另一端;
over强调方向性，不与物体表面接触，还有数量上“超过”的意思。
Eg: This train goes through to York.
这列火车直达约克。
It's too wide. We can't swim across.
这太宽了，我们游不过去。
The car skidded off the road and rolled over and over.
汽车滑出路面不断翻滚。
[即学即用]
1.丽丽下周将坐飞机去上海。
Lily will _______ _______Shanghai next week.
( )2.The road goes ______ the forest.
A.cross B. across C. through D.over
fly to
C
8.A programme's introduction helps people decide whether to listen or not.
节目的开场白有助于人们决定是否要听下去。
[用法讲解] introduction 为可数名词，其复数形式为 introductions.
Eg:Please allow me tomake an introduction.
请允许我做个介绍。
[派生词]introduce为动词，译为“介绍”。
[常见搭配]introduce oneself自我介绍
introduce sb. to sb.把某人介绍某人
Eg: Please introduce yourself.
请你做一个自我介绍。
Please introduce me to Mr. Wang.
请把我介绍给王先生。
whether为连词，译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句时，表示对某一情况的不确定或疑问。宾语从句要用陈述语句，结构为“whether +主语+谓语动词 +其他 + (or not)”。
Eg: I don't know whether he has arrived.
我不知道他是否已经到了。
I don't know whether he will come or not.
我不知奥他到底来不来。
[即学即用]
1.This course is an ____________ (introduce) to computing science.
( )2.-- I'm not sure ______ my suggestion is helpful to you.
-- It certainly is. Every little bit helps.
A.why B. how C.whether D.where
introduction
C
9.In some urgent situations, it might be okay to break certain rules without causing ..
在一些紧急情况下，违反某些规则而不导致...是可以的。
[用法讲解] certain作形容词，还可译为“确定的、肯定的、必然的”。
Eg: That we should stay together was certain.
我们应该呆在一起这是肯定的。
After the Boston Tea Party, war with England seemed certain.
波士顿倾茶事件。以后，与英国交战似乎是不可避免地。
[常见搭配]for certain肯定地、确定无疑地
be certain about sth.对某事有把握、很确定
be certain to do sth.一定做某事
certain event必然事件
certain areas某些地区
Eg: A certain person called on me yesterday.
昨天有人来找过我。
Tuesday comes before Wednesday, for certain.
周二肯定在周三前。
I am certain about the length of this video.
我很确定视频的长度。
I promise I will be certain to finish the project on time.
我保证我一定会按时完成这个项目。
The earthquake is a certain event.
地震是一个必然事件。
Certain areas are affected by the storm.
某些地区受到风暴影响。
[派生词] certainly为副词，译为“确实地、当然”;
uncertain为形容词，译为“不确定的”。
Eg: I'm certainly never going there again.
我肯定不会再去那里了。
The company faces an uncertain future with the market in decline.
随着市场衰退，公司面临着不确定的未来。
[即学即用]
冬天天气肯定会变冷。
The weather _______ _______ _______ get colder in winter.
is certain to
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Unit 5 Play by the rules？ 课文解析二
1.They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything.他们好像也不高兴，但没人采取任何行动。
[用法讲解] seem为动词，译为“似乎、好像”。
[常见搭配] seem + 形容词 似乎...
seem (to be) + 表语 看来、好像
seem to do sth. 似乎做、好像做
It seems that 从句 似乎...
Eg: The boys seemed hungry when I saw them.
当我看到这些男孩时，他们似乎很饿。
Jenny seems (to be) a very clever girl.
珍妮看上去是一个非常聪明的女孩。
Mrs. White doesn't seem to like the house.
怀特夫人似乎不太喜欢这个屋子。
It seems that no one has found out the reasons for the accident.
似乎没有人知道事故发生的原因。
[即学即用]
( )1. The man over there seems_______ a new teacher.
A.be B. to be C.is D. to is
答案:B
2.They aren't just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts.
这些规则不只是写在墙上，还(应该)铭记在我们的脑海和心中。
[用法讲解] mind在此处为名词，译为“头脑、思想”;mind也可作动词，译为“介意”。
[常见搭配] change one's mind改变某人的主意
make up one's mind (to do sth.)下决心(做某事)
mind (one's) doing sth.“介意(某人)做某事”
mind+从句
Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English.
她下定决心提高她的英语。
Would you mind my opening the door
你介意我开门吗
I don't mind if you have free time.
我不介意你是否有空闲时间。
[即学即用]
( )--Would you mind my _______
-- Of course. Do it as you like, please.
A.to play the piano B. playing the piano
C. play the piano D. to playing the piano
答案:B
3.I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat... 我深吸一口气，站了起来、清了清喉咙...
[用法讲解] breath为名词，译为“呼吸的空气”。
[常见搭配] take sb's breath away 令人惊叹、让人叹绝
out of breath 气喘吁吁、上气不接下气
take a deep breath深呼吸
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
a breath of fresh air新鲜空气
Eg: The scenery of the Rocky Mountains took my breath away.
落基山脉的景色令人叹为观止。
She was out of breath after running up the stairs.
她跑上楼后气喘吁吁。
I took a deep breath and walked into the room.
我深吸了一口气，走进了房间。
He held his breath as he watched the diver plunge into the water.
他看着潜水员跳入水中，屏住呼吸。
We will get a breath of fresh air at lunchtime.
我们午餐时出去透透气。
[派生词] breathe为动词，译为“呼吸”。
Eg: I need to breathe some fresh air.
我需要呼吸一些新鲜空气。
[常见搭配] breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气
Eg: After finishing the exam, the students all breathed a sigh of relief.
考试之后，所有的学生都松了一口气。
clear为动词，译为“清理、清除、澄清”，clear还可为形容词，译为“清晰的、晴朗的”。
Eg: Please clear the snow from the path.
请把小路上的雪清理掉。
She cleared up the misunderstanding.
她澄清了误解。
The instructions are very clear.
说明非常清晰。
The weather is clear today.
今天天气晴朗。
[常见搭配] clear out 清理、丢掉
clear up 天气放晴
in the clear 摆脱困境
keep clear of... 主动避开危险或麻烦
make clear 讲清楚、使明白
Eg: I need to clear out my closet.
我需要清理我的衣柜。
The sky cleared up in the afternoon.
下午填空放晴了。
He is in the clear now.
他现在摆脱困境了。
Drivers should keep clear of the accident area.
司机应避开事故区域。
You need to make clear your intentions before you start the project.
在开始这个项目之前，你需要讲清楚你的意图。
[派生词]clearly为副词，译为“清楚地”。
Eg: Speak more clearly.说得更清楚些。
[即学即用]
1. When we _________ (breath), the air goes into our lungs.
2.大峡谷的美丽让我陶醉不已。
The beauty of the Grand Canyon___________________.
3.我们正在把阁楼里的旧家具清理出去。
We are ________ _________ the old furniture from the attic.
答案:1.breathe 2. took my breath away 3. clearing out
4.He said he broke the flowerpot while playing basketball.他说他打篮球时打碎了花盆。
[用法讲解]break在此处为名词，译为“休息”，相当于rest;break还可为动词，译为“破碎、违反、打断”，其过去式为broke，过去分词为 broken。
Eg: I thought a 15 min break from his work would do him good.
我想他停下工作休息15分钟对他会有好处。
The dish fell to the floor and broken.
碟子掉到地上摔碎了。
She broke her promise to me.
她违背了对我的诺言。
We usually break for lunch at 12:30.
我们通常12点半休息吃午饭。
[常见搭配] have a break休息
break down 出故障、分解
break in 强行进入、打断
break out 爆发
break up 结束关系、解散
Eg: I must have a break.
我必须休息一下。
The machine has broken down.
机器出故障了。
Someone is trying to break in.
有人试图强行进入。
A fire broke out in the building.
大楼里发生了火宅。
They decided to break up.
他们决定分手。
[派生词] broken为形容词，译为“破碎的、损坏的”。
Eg: There is a lot of broken glass on the floor.
地板上有很多碎玻璃。
[知识拓展]“he broke the flowerpot while playing basketball”在此处为he said的宾语从句。
[即学即用]
1.学校里孩子们有课间休息。
The children ______ ______ _______ between classes at school.
2.My bike is _________ (break). I need to repair it.
答案:1. have a break 2.broken
5.Telling the truth isn't always easy. 说实话并不总是容易的。
[用法讲解]truth译为“真理”时为可数名词，译为“事实、真相”时为不可数名词。
Eg: There are many truths that have been discovered by scientists.
许多真理已经被科学家发现。
The truth is that he is innocent.
事实是他是无罪的。
[常见搭配] tell the truth说实话、讲真话
in truth 真实地、实在
the truth of ... ...的真相
to tell the truth说实话
Eg: I must tell you the truth about this.
我必须告诉你这件事的真相。
In truth, we were both unhappy.
事实上，我们俩都不高兴。
The truth of the matter is ...
事情的真相是...
To tell the truth, I fell asleep in the middle of her talk.
说实话，我在她讲话过程中睡着了。
[派生词] true为形容词，译为“真实的、真正的”。
Eg: True friendship is worth more than money.
真正的友谊比金钱更有价值。
[易混辨析] true和real区别
true强调符合事实，是真的，而不是假的或编造的，与“假”相对;
real强调人或事物真实存在，而不是想象的或是虚构的，与“无”相对。
Eg: That may or may not be true.
这可能是真的，也可能不是。
Real power belongs to the few.
真正的权力掌握在少数人手中。
[即学即用]
The ______ (true) is often harder to accept than a lie.
答案:truth
6.This is a famous line from Shakespeare's play Hamlet.
这是出自莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》的一句著名台词。
[用法讲解] line为可数名词，其复数形式为 lines，还可译为“台词、路线、界限、行业”等;
line还可作动词，译为“排成一行、用线标出、沿...排列”。
Eg: Draw a straight line on the paper.
在纸上画一条直线。
There was a long line of cars on the highway during the holiday.
假期期间高速公路上有一长排汽车。
Take the No. 10 bus line to get to the museum.
乘坐10路公交线路去博物馆。
The river is the dividing line between the two countries.
这条河是两国之间的分界线。
She works in the fashion line.
她在时尚行业工作。
The actor spent hours learning his lines.
这位演员花了几个小时背台词。
Please line the books up on the shelf neatly.
请把书整齐地排在书架上。
Line the paper with a pencil before writing.
写字前先用铅笔在纸上划线。
[常见搭配] stand in a line 站成一排
wait in line 排队等候
cut in line 插队
the flight line 航线
the border line 边界线
line up 排队
Eg: The students stood in a line to enter the classroom.
学生们站成一排进入教室。
People are waiting in line to buy tickets.
人们在排队买票。
Don't cut in line, please.
请不要插队。
The plane is on its flight line to New York.
飞机正在飞往纽约的航线上。
The soldiers are guarding the border line.
士兵们在守卫边界线。
The students lined up for the assembly.
学生们排队参加集会。
[即学即用]
1.Please write your name in a straight________(线).
2.电影院门口总是有很多人排队等候买票。
There are always many people_______ ______ _______ at the movie theater entrance to buy tickets.
答案:1.line 2. waiting in line
7.He even flew through one. 他甚至闯了一个红灯。
[用法讲解] fly在此处为动词，译为“飞”;fly也可为名词，译为“苍蝇”，其复数形式为flies; fly还可为形容词，译为“机灵的、时髦的”。
[常见搭配] fly to 地点 坐飞机去某地
fly a kite 放风筝
Eg: Birds can fly with their wings.
鸟能用翅膀飞行。
He will fly to Beijing next week.
下周他将飞往北京。
I want to fly a kite this Sunday.
这周日我想去放风筝。
A fly landed on his nose.
一只苍蝇落在了他的鼻子上。
He is a fly detective.
他是一个机灵的侦探。
She is wearing a fly outfit today.
她今天穿得很时髦。
[易混辨析] through、across和over区别
through常常表示在空间内进行的，强调从物体内部穿过;
across常常表示动作在物体表面进行的，强调从一端到另一端;
over强调方向性，不与物体表面接触，还有数量上“超过”的意思。
Eg: This train goes through to York.
这列火车直达约克。
It's too wide. We can't swim across.
这太宽了，我们游不过去。
The car skidded off the road and rolled over and over.
汽车滑出路面不断翻滚。
[即学即用]
1.丽丽下周将坐飞机去上海。
Lily will _______ _______Shanghai next week.
( )2.The road goes ______ the forest.
A.cross B. across C. through D.over
答案:1.fly to 2.C
8.A programme's introduction helps people decide whether to listen or not.
节目的开场白有助于人们决定是否要听下去。
[用法讲解] introduction 为可数名词，其复数形式为 introductions.
Eg: Please allow me to make an introduction.
请允许我做个介绍。
[派生词] introduce为动词，译为“介绍”。
[常见搭配] introduce oneself 自我介绍
introduce sb. to sb.把某人介绍某人
Eg: Please introduce yourself.
请你做一个自我介绍。
Please introduce me to Mr. Wang.
请把我介绍给王先生。
whether为连词，译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句时，表示对某一情况的不确定或疑问。宾语从句要用陈述语句，结构为“whether +主语+谓语动词 +其他 + (or not)”。
Eg: I don't know whether he has arrived.
我不知道他是否已经到了。
I don't know whether he will come or not.
我不知奥他到底来不来。
[即学即用]
1.This course is an ____________ (introduce) to computing science.
( )2.-- I'm not sure ______ my suggestion is helpful to you.
-- It certainly is. Every little bit helps.
A.why B. how C.whether D.where
答案:1.introduction 2.C
9.In some urgent situations, it might be okay to break certain rules without causing ..
在一些紧急情况下，违反某些规则而不导致...是可以的。
[用法讲解] certain作形容词，还可译为“确定的、肯定的、必然的”。
Eg: That we should stay together was certain.
我们应该呆在一起这是肯定的。
After the Boston Tea Party, war with England seemed certain.
波士顿倾茶事件。以后，与英国交战似乎是不可避免地。
[常见搭配] for certain 肯定地、确定无疑地
be certain about sth.对某事有把握、很确定
be certain to do sth.一定做某事
certain event 必然事件
certain areas 某些地区
Eg: A certain person called on me yesterday.
昨天有人来找过我。
Tuesday comes before Wednesday, for certain.
周二肯定在周三前。
I am certain about the length of this video.
我很确定视频的长度。
I promise I will be certain to finish the project on time.
我保证我一定会按时完成这个项目。
The earthquake is a certain event.
地震是一个必然事件。
Certain areas are affected by the storm.
某些地区受到风暴影响。
[派生词] certainly为副词，译为“确实地、当然”;
uncertain为形容词，译为“不确定的”。
Eg: I'm certainly never going there again.
我肯定不会再去那里了。
The company faces an uncertain future with the market in decline.
随着市场衰退，公司面临着不确定的未来。
[即学即用]
冬天天气肯定会变冷。
The weather _______ _______ _______ get colder in winter.
答案: is certain to
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