Unit 5 Working the Land Words and Expressions课件(共53张PPT)-人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册

(共53张PPT)
Unit 5 Working the Land
Words and Expressions
1.devote vt.把...献（给）,把...专用于；专心于
【搭配】devote one’s life／energy／time／money to (doing) sth.
把某人的生命／精力／时间／金钱用于（做）某事
devote oneself to = be devoted to 致力于，献身于(to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语)
devote most of his time to his painting大部分时间用于他的绘画
devote your attention to your work 专心于你的工作
devote himself entirely to science把他自己完全献给科学
【拓展】
a devoted friend 忠诚的朋友
a devoted fan 狂热的崇拜者
a devoted son 孝子
be devoted to sb.深爱某人
【派生】
devoted adj.忠诚的；挚爱的；全心全意的
devotion n.关爱；奉献；忠诚；专心
【例句】
① It’s high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean.
② It is important for everyone to devote some time
________health and fitness.
③ __________(devote) to improving the situation,they quickly adjusted their plans and reacted positively to the challenges,working hard to find effective solutions.
④ His ________(devote) to his wife and family is touching.
to
Devoted
devotion
2.shortage n.不足；缺少；短缺
【搭配】a shortage of······的短缺；缺乏·····
a severe／serious shortage 严重不足
a growing shortage日益加重的不足
a water/food shortage水资源／食物的短缺
【例句】Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest barrier to boosting the world’s grain production.
3. tackle vt.解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理
【搭配】tackle the problem/future challenges 处理问题/应对未来挑战
【熟词生义】vt.与·······交涉；向······提起（问题或困难情况）
tackle sb.about sth.与某人交涉某事
【例句】More importantly，volunteering provides students with new skills to tackle future challenges.
4.boost vt.使增长；使兴旺 n.增长；提高；激励
【搭配】v: ①boost sb’s confidence ②boost exports/profits
n: ①a boost in car sales ②a great/welcome boost很大的激励
【例句】
①We need a big win to boost our confidence.
②The company decided to devote more resources to research and development in order to tackle the technical challenges and boost its competitiveness in the market.
5. yield n.产量；产出
【搭配】high／low yield 高产／低产
the land yielding grapes 出产葡萄的这块地
vt. 出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）; vi.屈服；让步
the method yielding the same results产生同样结果的方法
yield to...向······屈服／让步
never yield to difficulties决不会向困难屈服
yield to pressure 屈服于压力
5. yield n.产量；产出
【例句】①The evidence suggests the longer hours do not yield better results.
② The potato’s value lies in its high yield and its almost perfect balance of nutrients.
③ I yielded _________temptation and had a bar of chocolate.
to
6.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服
【搭配】convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事
convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事
convince sb./oneself that...使某人／某人自己相信······
【拓展】be convinced of...确信······；坚信······
be convinced that...确信······；坚信······
be/feel firmly convinced that...深信······；笃信······；坚信······
【派生】convincing adj.令人信服的; convinced adj. 确信；深信；坚信
6.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服
【例句】①My parents have always convinced me________(challenge) myself, for which I'm really grateful.
② This will help you convince yourself that favorable outcomes actually happen all the time,making it easier to begin taking action.
③ If you want to make your plan more____________(convince), you need to offer more examples.
to ~
convincing
7.attain vt.（通常经过努力）获得；得到
【搭配】attain one’s goal 达到某人的目标
attain nine “A” grades in the exam考试成绩是九个A
【派生】
attainment n.达到；获得；成就
attainable adj.可达到的，可获得的
attainable goals/objectives/targets可达到的目标
【例句】①We shall attain whatever goal we set in our mind.
8.assumption n.假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得
【派生】assume vt.认为；假设；承担; assuming conj.假定，假设
【搭配】
on the assumption that...假设·······
make the assumption that... 假设······
make assumptions about... 对······做出假设
8.assumption n.假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得
【拓展】assume（that）... 认为·····
Let’s assume（that）... 咱们假设······
assume responsibility for... 承担······的责任
It is generally/usually assumed that... 普遍／通常认为······
assuming（that）...假定······
8.assumption n.假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得
【例句】① Some cyclists make the assumption that traffic laws do not apply to them. It is not true, though.
②A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power.
③ It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
④Everyone must assume responsibility for protecting the environment.
9.intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
【搭配】an intense look热切的神情
intense interest/desire浓厚的兴趣／强烈的欲望
intense competition 激烈的竞争
intense heat/cold/pain酷热／严寒／剧痛
【派生】intensely adv.强烈地；激烈地；非常
【例句】①Out of that discussion grew an intense desire to do voluntary work. ②Another mistake most people make is to work out intensely almost every day.
10.overcome vt.(overcame,overcome）克服；解决；战胜；受到...的极大影响
【搭配】overcome difficulties/bad habits克服困难／改掉恶习
overcome the fear 克服恐惧
overcome disadvantages克服不利条件
overcome obstacles 克服障碍
overcome the enemy 战胜敌人
be overcome by sth.（某种情绪）控制···，对···产生极大的影响
10.overcome vt.(overcame,overcome）克服；解决；战胜；受到...的极大影响
【例句】
①Failure can help us learn and overcome our fears.
② If it were not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome the difficulty.
③ Overcome by curiosity, the boy looked out of the window.
11.expand vt. & vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展（业务）vi.细谈；详述
【搭配】expand the influence/production/the business
expand(...) into...（把···）扩展成···
an expanding economy不断发展的经济 [现在分词作定语]
【派生】expansion n.扩张；扩大；膨胀
a period of rapid economic expansion经济迅猛发展期
11.expand vt. & vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展（业务）vi.细谈；详述
【例句】① Our current smartphone lifestyle will expand to create our own smart home lifestyle.我们目前的智能手机生活方式将会拓展，从而创造出我们专属的智能家居生活方式。
② This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom.这项工作拓宽了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。
12.estimate vt.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算
【搭配】It is estimated（that）...据估计···
a rough/conservative estimate 粗略/保守估计
【例句】①It is estimated that the project will last four years.据估计，这项工程将持续四年。
② One must have a correct estimate of oneself.一个人必须对自己有正确的评估。
13. be comprised of包括；包含；由...组成（或构成）
【拓展】表示“由······组成／构成”的其他表达： consist of，be made up of， be composed of【注意】comprise不用于进行时。【派生】comprise vt.包括；包含；由·······组成
【例句】①___________(comprise) of determined individuals,the team managed to overcome numerous obstacles in the project, showing great perseverance and unity.
②How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
Comprised
14.generate vt.产生；引起
【派生】generation n. 产生；一代人
【搭配】generate income/profit产生收益／利润
generate new ideas 产生新想法
generate interest 引起兴趣
generate electricity 发电
【拓展】the generation of electricity 发电
pass from one generation to another代代相传
14.generate vt.产生；引起
【例句】
①We should develop innovative thinking abilities by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas.
②We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.
15.leisure n.闲暇；休闲；空闲
【搭配】leisure activities业余活动
at leisure闲散；悠闲；不慌不忙；从容
at your leisure（正式用语）有空时；空闲时
【例句】Some teens spend their leisure time on digital devices rather than reading printed books.
16. deep down在内心深处；本质上；实际上
【例】Deep down I still love him.
She seems indifferent but deep down she’s very pleased.
【例句】① I have so many friends，but deep down I have a fear of loneliness.
② Deep down,I always believe that the efforts I make today will bring me closer to my dreams.
17.reality n.现实；实际情况；事实
【搭配】in reality事实上，实际上
face／accept reality 面对／接受现实
escape from reality 逃避现实
become a reality 成为现实
bring...back to reality使······面对现实
dream and reality 梦想与现实
The reality is that...实际情况是······
【派生】
real adj.真的；真实的
really adv.真正地
17.reality n.现实；实际情况；事实
【例句】① Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.
② When meeting with difficulties,one should face reality and try to solve the difficulties instead of escaping from reality.
18.make use of使用；利用
【搭配】 make good/full use of 好好/充分利用
【近义词】 take advantage of利用/make the best of（尽可能）利用/make the most of 尽量利用；充分利用
【例句】①It’s necessary to encourage kids to come up with new ways to make use of technology in school life.
② Your time should_________(make) good use of in senior high school.
be made
plain about sth.抱怨某事
【搭配】 complain to sb. about sth.向某人抱怨某事
complain that... 抱怨·······
【派生】complaint n.埋怨；控告；抱怨
make a complaint to sb. about sth.向某人抱怨某事
【例句】①He complained bitterly that he had been unfairly treated.
② If you’re unhappy with the service, you can make a complaint.
20. flavour n.味道；特点；特色 vt.给（食物或饮料）调味；加味于
【搭配】a wine with a delicate fruit flavour有淡淡的水果味的酒
flavour of the month 风靡一时的人（或事物）
flavour...with... 用······给······调味
【派生】flavoured adj.有······味道的；添加了味道的
lemon-flavoured sweets／candy柠檬味糖果
20. flavour n.味道；特点；特色 vt.给（食物或饮料）调味；加味于
【例句】
①These works have a strong flavour of rural life.
② He became one of the first modern chefs to focus on the appearance of his table, not just the rich flavour of his dishes.
21.nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的
【搭配】tasty and nutritious meals既可口又有营养的饭菜
【派生】nutrition n.营养；滋养
【拓展】advice on diet and nutrition有关饮食和营养的建议
study food science and nutrition研究食物科学和营养
provide nutrition for为·····提供营养
【例句】①Adapt your usual eating habits to make them more nutritious. ②It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat.
22.alleviate vt.减轻；缓解
【派生】alleviation n.减轻；缓解
【搭配】alleviate suffering 减轻苦难
measures to alleviate food shortage缓解粮食短缺的举措
【拓展】 the alleviation of tensions缓和紧张局势
【例句】①A number of measures were taken to alleviate the problem.
②The organization has been committed to poverty alleviation.
23. widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
【搭配】the widespread use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture
deep and widespread concern
widespread support/damage
【例句】There is widespread concern about the potential impact of climate change on food security.
②My hobby is widespread,which includes drawing,dancing and so on.
24. in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流
in turn转而，相应地（从反面角度看问题）。
All theories come from practice and in turn serve practice.所有理论都来源于实践，反过来又为实践服务。
in return 作为回报（用于报答某人），可单独使用，也可与介词for连用。in return for作为对······的回报／回应。
Smile at someone and you are sure to get a smile in return.对人微笑，别人定会回报你以微笑。
24.in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流
【拓展】take turns to do sth.轮流做某事
take turns in doing sth.轮流做某事
It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。[it是形式主语，to do sth.是真正主语]
turn out结果是；证明是
24. in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流
【例句】
①There were cheers for each of them as they spoke in turn.
②I post my work on social media and， ________ ________, have met some of the kindest people.
③ They offered him plenty of money with little expectation in return.
④ I wish I could do something _______ ________ ________ the kindness I have received from him.
in turn
in return for
25.digest vt.＆vi.消化; vt.领会；领悟; n.摘要；文摘
【派生】digestive adj.消化的
digestion n.消化；消化能力
【搭配】digest well／easily 易消化 digest ill 难消化
a monthly news digest每月新闻摘要
Reader’s Digest《读者文摘》
【拓展】the digestive system 消化系统
have a good/poor digestion消化能力强／弱
25.digest vt.＆vi.消化; vt.领会；领悟; n.摘要；文摘
【例句】
① They learn well but seem to need time to digest the information.
② Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
26.essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的；基本的
【搭配】essential services such as water，electricity and gas
be essential to／for sth.
an essential part/component of sth.
【句型】It is essential to do sth./ It is essential that...
【例句】① Experience is essential for this job.② A torch along with suitable clothing is essential for walk in the dark.③ It’s essential that people understand the potential problems of cross-cultural communication.
27.alternative n.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的
n：
have no alternative/choice but to do sth.
an alternative to...
adj：
alternative energy
alternative ways/methods
【拓展】不得不做某事
cannot but do sth/cannot choose but do sth/cannot help but do sth
27.alternative n.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的
【例句】①For many，shopping online is a more comfortable alternative than crowded malls.
②He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain．
③ Sometimes, in order to succeed,we have no alternative but________ (face) failure bravely and learn from it.
to face
28.for instance 例如；比如
instance n.例子；实例；事例
【用法】 for instance ＝for example
【拓展】in the first instance 第一，首先
give/cite an instance 给出／引用一个例子
【例句】①He has many hobbies，for instance，painting and playing the piano.
② In the first instance,we need to gather all the relevant information to have a clear understanding of the situation.
29.depth n.向下（或向里）的距离；深（度）
【派生】deep adj.深的；deepen v.加深
【搭配】at the depth of在······的深度
to／at a depth of 深达·······
in depth全面；深入；详细
the depths of the ocean/country/forest海洋深处／偏远地区／森林深处
29.depth n.向下（或向里）的距离；深（度）
【拓展】long adj.长的→length n.长度→lengthen v.（使）变长
wide adj.宽的→width n.宽度→widen v.加宽
high adj.高的→height n.高度→heighten v.提高
strong adj.强壮的→strength n.强度→strengthen v.加强，增强，巩固
29.depth n.向下（或向里）的距离；深（度）
【例句】
① Students have the freedom to focus on whatever topic they are interested in and study it in depth through the Internet.
② I didn’t go in depth into the matter with him.
③ The architect carefully measured the length,width, and height of the room to ensure it was proportionate. He also considered the depth of the foundation to strengthen the building’s stability.
30.root n.根；根茎；根部；根源v.（使）生根
【派生】rooted adj. 根源在于
【搭配】have one’s root（s）in根植于；起源于
take root生根；植根；深入人心
be/lie at the root of是······的根本原因
a deep-rooted habit 根深蒂固的习惯
【拓展】root in扎根于/be rooted in 根植于
a dream which is rooted in my heart扎根于我内心的梦想
30.root n.根；根茎；根部；根源v.（使）生根
① Emitting[排放] too much greenhouse gas[温室气体] lies at the root of global warming.
②Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multi-generational living is more firmly rooted.
31.entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地
【派生词】entire adj.全部的；整个的；完全的
【搭配】entirely different完全不同/an entirely new approach一种全新的方法/entirely agree with sb.完全同意某人的看法
not entirely hopeless并非完全没有希望/not entirely clear 不完全清楚
【拓展】one’s entire life 某人的一生
an entire day 整整一天/the entire universe 整个宇宙/the entire family 全家人
31.entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地
【例句】
① They communicated_______(entire)by gestures.
②Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
③Teachers will not be entirely replaced by Artificial Intelligence (AI).
entirely
32.nowhere near远没有；远不及
【例】He is nowhere near full recovery.他远没有完全康复。
【拓展】nowhere to be seen／found到处都看不见／找不到
【注意】nowhere位于句首时，句子用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。
Nowhere else could you find such a beautiful sunset.在其他任何地方你都找不到如此美丽的日落。
【例句】①Training was nowhere near as painful as expected.
33.aspect n.方面；层面
【搭配】in this／that aspect在这／那方面
in every aspect(of...)/in all aspects（of...）/from every aspect /an important aspect/every aspect of our lives/this question
【例句】①To overcome your fear of speaking in public,you can receive training in this aspect.
②Whatever the mistake，remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.